Electron最新文献_第5页

Effect of V-Pits Coverage Optoelectronic Characteristics in Green GaN-Based Mini-Light-Emitting Diodes Grown by MOCVD MOCVD生长绿色gan基微型发光二极管v坑覆盖光电特性的影响

Electron Pub Date : 2025-08-22 DOI: 10.1002/elt2.70014

Shenglong Wei, Xiuheng Zhou, Xiaofeng Chen, Rongkun Chen, Feifan Ma, Yihong Chen, Vedaste Uwihoreye, Freddy E. Oropeza, Yongxing Liu, Likai Xun, Haihui Xin, Kaiyi Wu, Xitian Liu, Yongzhou Zhao, Kelvin H. L. Zhang

{"title":"Effect of V-Pits Coverage Optoelectronic Characteristics in Green GaN-Based Mini-Light-Emitting Diodes Grown by MOCVD","authors":"Shenglong Wei, Xiuheng Zhou, Xiaofeng Chen, Rongkun Chen, Feifan Ma, Yihong Chen, Vedaste Uwihoreye, Freddy E. Oropeza, Yongxing Liu, Likai Xun, Haihui Xin, Kaiyi Wu, Xitian Liu, Yongzhou Zhao, Kelvin H. L. Zhang","doi":"10.1002/elt2.70014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/elt2.70014","url":null,"abstract":"V-pits have been intensively studied for their role in light-emitting diodes (LEDs). The coverage of V-pits in InGaN/GaN multi-quantum wells (MQWs) is critical for suppressing leakage path through electron blocking layer (EBL). In this study, we have investigated the coverage of V-pits in green mini-LEDs modulated via growth parameters optimization and systematically analyzed the characteristics of the photoelectric properties associated with V-pits coverage on device. Elevated temperatures and pressures result in enhanced adatoms migration, which can achieve a coverage up to 98.8% of V-pits, improving the crystal quality due to stable surface. Electrical characterization reveals that although high-coverage devices exhibit suppressed leakage current, their peak external quantum efficiency (EQE) decreases, more seriously spectral blue shift and operating voltage increase due to compromised hole transport uniformity. Intriguingly, intermediate-coverage samples demonstrate superior breakdown voltage characteristics. Current–voltage curve analysis shows the ideality factor increases from 1.8 to 2.5 with improved coverage, indicating aggravated Shockley–Read–Hall (SRH) recombination with covered V-pits.","PeriodicalId":100403,"journal":{"name":"Electron","volume":"3 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/elt2.70014","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144927782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Oxygen Vacancy Engineering of Metal Oxide Materials for Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting 光电化学水分解金属氧化物材料的氧空位工程

Electron Pub Date : 2025-08-22 DOI: 10.1002/elt2.70011

Xiao-Fan Yang, Guang-Ping Yi, Peng-Fei Lv, Si-Jie Wen, Yi-Ping Zhao, Zhao Jing, Qiang Wang, Bing Li, Peng-Yi Tang

{"title":"Oxygen Vacancy Engineering of Metal Oxide Materials for Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting","authors":"Xiao-Fan Yang, Guang-Ping Yi, Peng-Fei Lv, Si-Jie Wen, Yi-Ping Zhao, Zhao Jing, Qiang Wang, Bing Li, Peng-Yi Tang","doi":"10.1002/elt2.70011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/elt2.70011","url":null,"abstract":"Photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting presents a promising route for sustainable hydrogen production, yet the efficiency of metal oxide photoanodes remains limited by suboptimal light absorption, charge carrier recombination, and sluggish surface reaction kinetics. This review critically examines the strategic engineering of oxygen vacancies (OVs) as a powerful tool for overcoming these intrinsic limitations. We systematically analyze established methodologies for the deliberate introduction and modulation of OVs in metal oxides, including techniques such as the hydrothermal method, thermal treatment, chemical reduction, plasma processing, elemental doping, and microwave heating. Furthermore, we critically evaluate the applicability, strengths, and limitations of key characterization techniques for detecting and quantifying OVs. Crucially, the review delves into the profound mechanistic impacts of OVs on the PEC process chain: Their roles in tailoring electronic band structures to alter the photoelectrochemical properties of metal oxide photoanodes, thereby enhancing visible light absorption, acting as shallow donors to improve charge carrier density, functioning as electron traps to suppress bulk recombination, and modifying surface states to accelerate the oxygen evolution reaction. We also present detailed case studies focusing on five prominent photoanode materials: TiO2, α-Fe2O3, BiVO4, WO3, and ZnFe2O4. This review elucidates the specific roles and operational principles of OVs within these materials and summarizes the intrinsic relationship among OV generation, characterization, and functional enhancement, providing valuable insights for the rational design of OV-engineered photoanodes toward efficient solar fuel production.","PeriodicalId":100403,"journal":{"name":"Electron","volume":"3 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/elt2.70011","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144927784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Recent Advances in Upconversion Nanoparticles for Therapeutics: From Fundamentals to Cutting-Edge Applications 上转化纳米颗粒治疗的最新进展：从基础到前沿应用

Electron Pub Date : 2025-08-17 DOI: 10.1002/elt2.70012

Jinghan Zhang, Jiarui Du, Song Jia, Yang Li, Hans Ågren, Paras N. Prasad, Guanying Chen

{"title":"Recent Advances in Upconversion Nanoparticles for Therapeutics: From Fundamentals to Cutting-Edge Applications","authors":"Jinghan Zhang, Jiarui Du, Song Jia, Yang Li, Hans Ågren, Paras N. Prasad, Guanying Chen","doi":"10.1002/elt2.70012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/elt2.70012","url":null,"abstract":"Optically responsive composite materials hold significant promise for in vivo diagnostics and targeted therapies. Rare-earth-doped upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs), renowned for their unique luminescence properties, large anti-Stokes shift, excellent biocompatibility, and deep tissue penetration, have emerged as highly promising candidates for advanced phototherapy in biological systems. This review first explores the fundamental mechanisms of upconversion luminescence, as well as synthesis, surface modification, and design strategies to brighten upconversion. It then highlights recent advances and key applications of UCNPs in biological therapy, including upconversion-mediated phototherapy, multimodal therapeutic approaches, and image-guided therapy and surgery. Finally, it discusses the current challenges and opportunities in both fundamental research and clinical translation, providing theoretical insights and practical guidance to support the broader application of UCNPs in biological therapy and clinical medicine.","PeriodicalId":100403,"journal":{"name":"Electron","volume":"3 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/elt2.70012","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144927778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Multi-Level Regulation of Electrostatic Microenvironment With Anion Vacancies for Low-Lithium-Gradient Polymer Electrolyte 低锂梯度聚合物电解质阴离子空位对静电微环境的多级调控

Electron Pub Date : 2025-07-28 DOI: 10.1002/elt2.70010

Yunfa Dong, Yuhui He, Botao Yuan, Xingyu Ding, Shijie Zhong, Jianze Feng, Yupei Han, Zhezhi Liu, Lin Xu, Ke Feng, Jiecai Han, Haichao Cheng, Chade Lv, Weidong He

{"title":"Multi-Level Regulation of Electrostatic Microenvironment With Anion Vacancies for Low-Lithium-Gradient Polymer Electrolyte","authors":"Yunfa Dong, Yuhui He, Botao Yuan, Xingyu Ding, Shijie Zhong, Jianze Feng, Yupei Han, Zhezhi Liu, Lin Xu, Ke Feng, Jiecai Han, Haichao Cheng, Chade Lv, Weidong He","doi":"10.1002/elt2.70010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/elt2.70010","url":null,"abstract":"Solid-state lithium-metal batteries based on poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) (PVH) are frequently proposed to address the detrimental safety issue of conventional lithium-ion batteries by eliminating the use of flammable solvents, but still face a key challenge: low capacity and sluggish charge/discharge rate due to the intrinsic large-gradient Li+ distribution across the ionically-inert PVH matrix. Herein, Te vacancies in form of Bi2Te3−x are proposed to polarize the PVH unit to realize efficient decoupling of lithium salts at the atomic level in PVH-based solid polymeric electrolyte. Te vacancies in the PVH electrolyte doped with Bi2Te3−x (PVBT) induce a high-throughput and homogenous Li+ flow within the PVH matrices and near the Li metal. Theoretical calculations show that Te vacancies own high adsorption energy with bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide anions (TFSI−), repulsive effect on Li+, and localized electron distribution, giving rise to a lithium-ion concentration gradient of 30 mol m−3, the smallest among the PVH-based inorganic/organic composite electrolytes. Consequently, the polarized electrolyte owns an unprecedented high-rate battery capacity of 114 mAh g−1 at ∼700 mA g−1 and also superior capacity performances with a cathode loading of 12 mg cm−2, outperforming the state-of-art PVH-based inorganic/organic composite electrolytes in Li||LiFePO4 battery. The work demonstrates an efficient strategy for achieving fast Li+ diffusion dynamics across polymeric matrices of classic solid-state electrolytes.","PeriodicalId":100403,"journal":{"name":"Electron","volume":"3 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/elt2.70010","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144927752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Flexible and Scalable VO2(M2) Nanorod Arrays Grafted Glass Fiber Cloth for Efficient Electromagnetic Regulation 柔性和可扩展的VO2（M2）纳米棒阵列接枝玻璃纤维布用于高效电磁调节

Electron Pub Date : 2025-07-18 DOI: 10.1002/elt2.70007

Haoran Song, Ming Li, Liangfei Wu, Fei Du, Xinmiao Du, Zhaoming Qu, Dilong Liu, Tao Zhang, Chongwen Zou, Zhulin Huang

{"title":"Flexible and Scalable VO2(M2) Nanorod Arrays Grafted Glass Fiber Cloth for Efficient Electromagnetic Regulation","authors":"Haoran Song, Ming Li, Liangfei Wu, Fei Du, Xinmiao Du, Zhaoming Qu, Dilong Liu, Tao Zhang, Chongwen Zou, Zhulin Huang","doi":"10.1002/elt2.70007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/elt2.70007","url":null,"abstract":"M2 phase vanadium dioxide (VO2(M2)) is an intermediate polymorph phase during the reversible phase transition from VO2(M1) to VO2(R), which can be stabilized at room temperature by doping or introducing strain in the film. In this study, we provide a simple and scalable preparation of VO2(M2) nanorods on TiO2 nanoparticles decorated flexible glass fiber cloth (GFC) by hydrothermal and subsequent annealing process. Because of the interfacial strain between TiO2 and VO2, M2 phase VO2 nanorods were successfully fabricated and verified. The resultant VO2(M2)/GFC composite demonstrates a remarkable resistance change (∼3.4 × 104) across the phase transition, which is superior to the films prepared by vacuum chamber-based techniques. Meanwhile, it also demonstrates 13.1 times enhanced electromagnetic shielding efficiency and favorable emissivity modulation capability. The flexible and scalable preparation of VO2(M2) will broaden the promising applications of the material in both optical and electronic devices.","PeriodicalId":100403,"journal":{"name":"Electron","volume":"3 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/elt2.70007","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144927756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cover Image, Volume 3, Number 2, May 封面图片，第3卷，第2期，5月

Electron Pub Date : 2025-06-06 DOI: 10.1002/elt2.70009

Sandesh V. Gaikwad, Pushpinder G. Bhatia, Digambar M. Sapkal, Deepak P. Dubal, Gaurav M. Lohar

引用次数: 0

Cover Image, Volume 3, Number 2, May 封面图片，第3卷，第2期，5月

Electron Pub Date : 2025-06-06 DOI: 10.1002/elt2.70008

Xiaopan Song, Yang Gu, Sheng Wang, Junzhuan Wang, Linwei Yu

引用次数: 0

Exploring Quantum Capacitance and Adsorption Energy of Alkali Metal on NiO Using First-Principles DFT Calculations 利用第一性原理DFT计算探索碱金属在NiO上的量子电容和吸附能

Electron Pub Date : 2025-05-22 DOI: 10.1002/elt2.70006

Sandesh V. Gaikwad, Pushpinder G. Bhatia, Digambar M. Sapkal, Deepak P. Dubal, Gaurav M. Lohar

{"title":"Exploring Quantum Capacitance and Adsorption Energy of Alkali Metal on NiO Using First-Principles DFT Calculations","authors":"Sandesh V. Gaikwad, Pushpinder G. Bhatia, Digambar M. Sapkal, Deepak P. Dubal, Gaurav M. Lohar","doi":"10.1002/elt2.70006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/elt2.70006","url":null,"abstract":"This study presents an analysis of the structural, electronic, and surface properties of NiO using first-principles density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The investigation focuses on three lattice parameters (a = 4.23 Å, 4.187 Å, and 4.183 Å) to explore how lattice strain influences the electronic band structure, density of states (DOS), quantum capacitance (QC), and adsorption energies of alkali metals (Li, Na, K) on the NiO [001] and [111] planes. The study reveals that a decrease in the lattice parameter leads to a reduction in the band gap (from 2.28 to 2.19 eV). The adsorption energies demonstrate a strong surface reactivity, with Li showing the highest affinity for the NiO [001] surface and Na exhibiting the highest adsorption energy on the more reactive NiO [111] surface. The QC analysis demonstrated notable enhancements following alkali metal adsorption, with Li on the NiO [001] surface exhibiting a QC of 38.9 μF/cm2 at a = 4.23 Å, whereas Na on the NiO [111] surface achieved a QC of 32.7 μF/cm2 at a = 4.187 Å. These findings underscore the critical role of lattice strain and surface orientation in modulating the electrochemical performance of NiO, with potential applications in catalysis, energy storage, and electronic devices.","PeriodicalId":100403,"journal":{"name":"Electron","volume":"3 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/elt2.70006","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144219957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Photocatalytic Upcycling of Plastic Waste Into Value-Added Chemicals 塑料废物光催化升级回收成增值化学品

Electron Pub Date : 2025-05-22 DOI: 10.1002/elt2.70005

Mingzhu Han, Mengxiang Han, Jizhe Ma, Mengmeng Du, Qiaohong Zhu, Bocheng Qiu

引用次数: 0

Surface Mn-Enriched Doping Increasing Local Electron Concentration of Na4Fe3(PO4)2P2O7 Cathodes for Enhanced Sodium Storage 表面富锰掺杂提高Na4Fe3(PO4)2P2O7阴极的局域电子浓度，增强钠存储

Electron Pub Date : 2025-05-21 DOI: 10.1002/elt2.70004

Yukun Xi, Xifei Li, Zongnan Lv, Ningjing Hou, Zihao Yang, Xiaoxue Wang, Dongzhu Liu, Yuhui Xu, Guiqiang Cao, Qinting Jiang, Wenbin Li, Jingjing Wang

{"title":"Surface Mn-Enriched Doping Increasing Local Electron Concentration of Na4Fe3(PO4)2P2O7 Cathodes for Enhanced Sodium Storage","authors":"Yukun Xi, Xifei Li, Zongnan Lv, Ningjing Hou, Zihao Yang, Xiaoxue Wang, Dongzhu Liu, Yuhui Xu, Guiqiang Cao, Qinting Jiang, Wenbin Li, Jingjing Wang","doi":"10.1002/elt2.70004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/elt2.70004","url":null,"abstract":"A NASICON-type Na4Fe3(PO4)2P2O7 (NFPP) cathode material was successfully synthesized using a sand grinding-spray drying method. Different doping strategies can impart distinct modifications to materials, with surface Mn-rich doping (SD) being particularly effective. On one hand, the surface enrichment layer can effectively mitigate the volumetric fluctuations of particles, thereby reducing the internal stress and enhancing the cyclic stability. More importantly, the enrichment of the Mn in the particle surface layer provides an increased number of free electrons. This elevates the local electron concentration within the material, fosters greater overlap in the wave functions of electrons, and strengthens the interactions between electrons. The higher energy state of electrons due to increased transition propensity enhances the material's electronic conductivity. As a consequence, the band gap of SD material has decreased from 0.72 eV to 0.45 eV, and the electronic conductivity has increased from 6.0 μS·cm−1 to 21.8 μS·cm−1. The as-optimized SD sample displays both outstanding rate performance (110.8 mAh·g−1 and 99.0 mAh·g−1 at 0.1 C and 5 C, respectively) and excellent cycling stability (88.7% of capacity retention after 1500 cycles at 1 C). The study highlights that the choice of doping methods is equally crucial for the performance of NFPP materials.","PeriodicalId":100403,"journal":{"name":"Electron","volume":"3 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/elt2.70004","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144927781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0