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Engineering strategies for high-voltage LiCoO2 based high-energy Li-ion batteries 基于高电压钴酸锂的高能锂离子电池的工程设计策略
Electron Pub Date : 2024-05-12 DOI: 10.1002/elt2.33
Xiaoshuang Ma, Jinkun Wang, Zehua Wang, Li Wang, Hong Xu, Xiangming He
{"title":"Engineering strategies for high-voltage LiCoO2 based high-energy Li-ion batteries","authors":"Xiaoshuang Ma,&nbsp;Jinkun Wang,&nbsp;Zehua Wang,&nbsp;Li Wang,&nbsp;Hong Xu,&nbsp;Xiangming He","doi":"10.1002/elt2.33","DOIUrl":"10.1002/elt2.33","url":null,"abstract":"<p>To drive electronic devices for a long range, the energy density of Li-ion batteries must be further enhanced, and high-energy cathode materials are required. Among the cathode materials, LiCoO<sub>2</sub> (LCO) is one of the most promising candidates when charged to higher voltages over 4.3 V. However, high-voltage LCO materials are confronted with severe surface and bulk issues inducing poor cyclic stability. To completely unleash the potential of LCO cathodes, a more comprehensive theoretical understanding of the underlying issues is necessary, along with active exploration of previous modifications. This paper mainly presents the degradation mechanisms of LCO under high voltage, the formation and evolution mechanisms of the cathode electrolyte interface, and the surface engineering strategies employed to enhance the cell performance. By organizing and summarizing these modifications, this work aims to establish associations among common research issues and to suggest future research priorities, thus facilitating the rapid development of high-voltage LCO.</p>","PeriodicalId":100403,"journal":{"name":"Electron","volume":"2 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/elt2.33","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140987119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Developments of photo-/electro-catalysis based on covalent organic frameworks: A review 基于共价有机框架的光催化/电催化技术的发展：综述
Electron Pub Date : 2024-05-11 DOI: 10.1002/elt2.39
Guiping Yang, Qing Xu, Gaofeng Zeng
{"title":"Developments of photo-/electro-catalysis based on covalent organic frameworks: A review","authors":"Guiping Yang,&nbsp;Qing Xu,&nbsp;Gaofeng Zeng","doi":"10.1002/elt2.39","DOIUrl":"10.1002/elt2.39","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Photo-/electro-catalysis has the characteristics of low cost, high performance, and zero pollution, which meet the policies on environment and energy. Covalent organic frameworks (COFs), a type of crystalline organic skeleton polymers, have been widely applied and investigated in the area of photo-/electro-catalysis owing to their advantages of large specific surface area, regular pore size, excellent stability, flexible structural design, and massive active sites. This article reviews the structural characteristics of COFs and the strategies for strengthening the photo-/electro-catalytic activity of COF materials. Subsequently, deep insights were put into the photo-/electro-catalysis application of COF materials. In the end, the development prospects and challenges faced by COF materials in photo-/electro-catalysis are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":100403,"journal":{"name":"Electron","volume":"2 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/elt2.39","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140987746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Electrocatalysis-driven sustainable plastic waste upcycling 电催化驱动的可持续塑料废物再循环
Electron Pub Date : 2024-04-29 DOI: 10.1002/elt2.34
Gaihong Wang, Zhijie Chen, Wei Wei, Bing-Jie Ni
{"title":"Electrocatalysis-driven sustainable plastic waste upcycling","authors":"Gaihong Wang,&nbsp;Zhijie Chen,&nbsp;Wei Wei,&nbsp;Bing-Jie Ni","doi":"10.1002/elt2.34","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/elt2.34","url":null,"abstract":"<p>With large quantities and natural resistance to degradation, plastic waste raises growing environmental concerns in the world. To achieve the upcycling of plastic waste into value-added products, the electrocatalytic-driven process is emerging as an attractive option due to the mild operation conditions, high reaction selectivity, and low carbon emission. Herein, this review provides a comprehensive overview of the upgrading of plastic waste via electrocatalysis. Specifically, key electrooxidation processes including the target products, intermediates and reaction pathways in the plastic electro-reforming process are discussed. Subsequently, advanced electrochemical systems, including the integration of anodic plastic monomer oxidation and value-added cathodic reduction and photo-involved electrolysis processes, are summarized. The design strategies of electrocatalysts with enhanced activity are highlighted and catalytic mechanisms in the electrocatalytic oxidation of plastic waste are elucidated. To promote the electrochemistry-driven sustainable upcycling of plastic waste, challenges and opportunities are further put forward.</p>","PeriodicalId":100403,"journal":{"name":"Electron","volume":"2 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/elt2.34","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141187556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Colloidal quantum dots and two-dimensional material heterostructures for photodetector applications 应用于光电探测器的胶体量子点和二维材料异质结构
Electron Pub Date : 2024-04-05 DOI: 10.1002/elt2.30
Jingying Luo, Gurpreet Singh Selopal, Xin Tong, Zhiming Wang
{"title":"Colloidal quantum dots and two-dimensional material heterostructures for photodetector applications","authors":"Jingying Luo,&nbsp;Gurpreet Singh Selopal,&nbsp;Xin Tong,&nbsp;Zhiming Wang","doi":"10.1002/elt2.30","DOIUrl":"10.1002/elt2.30","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Photodetectors (PDs) are optoelectronic devices that convert optical signals into electrical responses. Recently, there has been a tremendous increase in research interest in PDs based on colloidal quantum dots (QDs) and two-dimensional (2D) material heterostructures owing to the strong light-absorption capacity and the well-adjustable band gap of QDs and the superior charge carriers transfer ability of 2D materials. In particular, the heterojunction formed between QDs and 2D materials can effectively enhance the separation and transport of photogenerated charge carriers, which is expected to establish PDs with ultrahigh photoconductive gain, high responsivity, and detectivity. This review aimed to summarize the state-of-the-art advances in the research of QDs/2D material nanohybrid PDs, including the device parameters, architectures, working mechanisms, and fabrication technologies. The progress of hybrid PDs based on the heterojunction of QDs with different 2D materials, along with their innovative applications, are comprehensively described. In the end, the challenges and feasible strategies in future research and development are briefly proposed.</p>","PeriodicalId":100403,"journal":{"name":"Electron","volume":"2 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/elt2.30","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140736417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Atomic-scale strain analysis for advanced Si/SiGe heterostructure by using transmission electron microscopy 利用透射电子显微镜分析先进硅/硅锗异质结构的原子尺度应变
Electron Pub Date : 2024-04-04 DOI: 10.1002/elt2.32
Lan Li, Ran Bi, Zuoyuan Dong, Changqing Ye, Jing Xie, Chaolun Wang, Xiaomei Li, Kin-Leong Pey, Ming Li, Xing Wu
{"title":"Atomic-scale strain analysis for advanced Si/SiGe heterostructure by using transmission electron microscopy","authors":"Lan Li,&nbsp;Ran Bi,&nbsp;Zuoyuan Dong,&nbsp;Changqing Ye,&nbsp;Jing Xie,&nbsp;Chaolun Wang,&nbsp;Xiaomei Li,&nbsp;Kin-Leong Pey,&nbsp;Ming Li,&nbsp;Xing Wu","doi":"10.1002/elt2.32","DOIUrl":"10.1002/elt2.32","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Three-dimensional stacked transistors based on Si/SiGe heterojunction are a potential candidate for future low-power and high-performance computing in integrated circuits. Observing and accurately measuring strain in Si/SiGe heterojunctions is critical to increasing carrier mobility and improving device performance. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) with high spatial resolution and analytical capabilities provides technical support for atomic-scale strain measurement and promotes significant progress in strain mapping technology. This paper reviews atomic-scale strain analysis for advanced Si/SiGe heterostructure based on TEM techniques. Convergent-beam electron diffraction, nano-beam electron diffraction, dark-field electron holography, and high-resolution TEM with geometrical phase analysis, are comprehensively discussed in terms of spatial resolution, strain precision, field of view, reference position, and data processing. Also, the advantages and critical issues of these strain analysis methods based on the TEM technique are summarized, and the future direction of TEM techniques in the related areas is prospected.</p>","PeriodicalId":100403,"journal":{"name":"Electron","volume":"2 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/elt2.32","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140743829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Recent progress of interface modification of layered oxide cathode material for sodium-ion batteries 钠离子电池层状氧化物阴极材料界面改性的最新进展
Electron Pub Date : 2024-04-04 DOI: 10.1002/elt2.31
Luyi Sun, Jun Zeng, Xuanhong Wan, Chenxi Peng, Jiarui Wang, Chongjia Lin, Min Zhu, Jun Liu
{"title":"Recent progress of interface modification of layered oxide cathode material for sodium-ion batteries","authors":"Luyi Sun,&nbsp;Jun Zeng,&nbsp;Xuanhong Wan,&nbsp;Chenxi Peng,&nbsp;Jiarui Wang,&nbsp;Chongjia Lin,&nbsp;Min Zhu,&nbsp;Jun Liu","doi":"10.1002/elt2.31","DOIUrl":"10.1002/elt2.31","url":null,"abstract":"<p>With the advantages of similar theoretical basis to lithium batteries, relatively low budget and the abundance of sodium resources, sodium ion batteries (SIBs) are recognized as the most competitive alternative to lithium-ion batteries. Among various types of cathodes for SIBs, advantages of high theoretical capacity, nontoxic and facile synthesis are introduced for layered transition metal oxide cathodes and therefore they have attracted huge attention. Nevertheless, layered oxide cathodes suffer from various degradation issues. Among these issues, interface instability including surface residues, phase transitions, loss of active transition metal and oxygen loss takes up the major part of the degradation of layered oxides. These degradation mechanisms usually lead to irreversible structure collapse and cracking generation, which significantly influence the interface stability and electrochemical performance of layered cathodes. This review briefly introduces the background of researches on layered cathodes for SIBs and their basic structure types. Then the origins and effects on layered cathodes of degradation mechanisms are systematically concluded. Finally, we will summarize various interface modification methods including surface engineering, doping modification and electrolyte composition which are aimed to improve interface stability of layered cathodes, perspectives of future research on layered cathodes are mentioned to provide some theoretical proposals.</p>","PeriodicalId":100403,"journal":{"name":"Electron","volume":"2 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/elt2.31","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140745931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Damage mechanisms and recent research advances in Ni-rich layered cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries 锂离子电池富镍层状正极材料的损伤机理和最新研究进展
Electron Pub Date : 2024-03-16 DOI: 10.1002/elt2.27
Kai Chen, Wenqin Cai, Zhihua Hu, Qingke Huang, Ao Wang, Zeng Zeng, Jiahao Song, Yan Sun, Qingquan Kong, Wei Feng, Ting Chen, Zhenguo Wu, Yang Song, Xiaodong Guo
{"title":"Damage mechanisms and recent research advances in Ni-rich layered cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries","authors":"Kai Chen,&nbsp;Wenqin Cai,&nbsp;Zhihua Hu,&nbsp;Qingke Huang,&nbsp;Ao Wang,&nbsp;Zeng Zeng,&nbsp;Jiahao Song,&nbsp;Yan Sun,&nbsp;Qingquan Kong,&nbsp;Wei Feng,&nbsp;Ting Chen,&nbsp;Zhenguo Wu,&nbsp;Yang Song,&nbsp;Xiaodong Guo","doi":"10.1002/elt2.27","DOIUrl":"10.1002/elt2.27","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Nickel-rich cathode is considered to be the cathode material that can solve the short-range problem of electric vehicles with excellent electrochemical properties and low price. However, microcracks, lithium–nickel hybridization, and irreversible phase transitions during cycling limit their commercial applications. These issues should be resolved by modifications. In recent years, it has been favored by researchers to solve a large number of problems by combining multiple modification strategies. Therefore, this paper reviews recent developments in various modification techniques for nickel-rich cathode materials that have improved their electrochemical characteristics. The summary of multiple modifications of nickel-rich materials will play a guiding role in future development.</p>","PeriodicalId":100403,"journal":{"name":"Electron","volume":"2 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/elt2.27","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140236425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Ion migration in 3D metal halide perovskite field effect transistors 三维金属卤化物包晶场效应晶体管中的离子迁移
Electron Pub Date : 2024-03-06 DOI: 10.1002/elt2.28
Jinghai Li, Yanyan Gong, William W. Yu
{"title":"Ion migration in 3D metal halide perovskite field effect transistors","authors":"Jinghai Li,&nbsp;Yanyan Gong,&nbsp;William W. Yu","doi":"10.1002/elt2.28","DOIUrl":"10.1002/elt2.28","url":null,"abstract":"<p>3D perovskite materials are advancing rapidly in the field of photovoltaics and light-emitting diodes, but the development in field effect transistors (FETs) is limited due to their intrinsic ion migration. Ion migration in perovskite FETs can screen the electric field of the gate and affect its modulation, as well as influence the charge carriers transport, leading to non-ideal device characteristics and lower device stability. Here, we provide a concise review that explains the mechanism of ion migration, summarizes the strategies for suppressing ion migration, and concludes with a discussion of the future prospects for 3D perovskite FETs.</p>","PeriodicalId":100403,"journal":{"name":"Electron","volume":"2 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/elt2.28","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140261868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Cover Image, Volume 2, Number 1, February 2024 封面图片，第 2 卷第 1 号，2024 年 2 月
Electron Pub Date : 2024-02-28 DOI: 10.1002/elt2.36
Jieli Chen, Xiaohong Gao, Jing Li, Zhenye Kang, Juan Bai, Tianjiao Wang, Yuliang Yuan, Chenghang You, Yu Chen, Bao Yu Xia, Xinlong Tian
{"title":"Cover Image, Volume 2, Number 1, February 2024","authors":"Jieli Chen,&nbsp;Xiaohong Gao,&nbsp;Jing Li,&nbsp;Zhenye Kang,&nbsp;Juan Bai,&nbsp;Tianjiao Wang,&nbsp;Yuliang Yuan,&nbsp;Chenghang You,&nbsp;Yu Chen,&nbsp;Bao Yu Xia,&nbsp;Xinlong Tian","doi":"10.1002/elt2.36","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/elt2.36","url":null,"abstract":"<p>MXene has emerged as an intriguing material for future energy conversion technology due to its superior conductivity, excellent hydrophilic properties, high surface area, versatile chemical composition, and readily synthesis, making it a potential catalyst for the oxygen evolution reaction. This review (DOI: 10.1002/elt2.17) systematically discusses the application of MXene as a component for oxygen evolution reaction (OER), covering the fundamental understanding of OER mechanisms, the basic design principle of MXene-based OER electrocatalysts, and the challenges that may be encountered during the development of this field and possible solutions.\u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure>\u0000 </p>","PeriodicalId":100403,"journal":{"name":"Electron","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/elt2.36","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139993887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Cover Image, Volume 2, Number 1, February 2024 封面图片，第 2 卷第 1 号，2024 年 2 月
Electron Pub Date : 2024-02-28 DOI: 10.1002/elt2.35
Xiaoxia Yang, Suning Wang, Hang Li, Jochi Tseng, Zhonghua Wu, Sylvio Indris, Helmut Ehrenberg, Xiaodong Guo, Weibo Hua
{"title":"Cover Image, Volume 2, Number 1, February 2024","authors":"Xiaoxia Yang,&nbsp;Suning Wang,&nbsp;Hang Li,&nbsp;Jochi Tseng,&nbsp;Zhonghua Wu,&nbsp;Sylvio Indris,&nbsp;Helmut Ehrenberg,&nbsp;Xiaodong Guo,&nbsp;Weibo Hua","doi":"10.1002/elt2.35","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/elt2.35","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The cover image (DOI: 10.1002/elt2.18) illustrates the structural evolution mechanism of P3-type Na-deficient layered cathode materials through lithium incorporation. At the base rests a structural model of P3-type layered oxide, symbolizing a continuum from the present to the future, showcasing its potential as a cathode material for sodium-ion batteries. Above it, there is an O3-type layered oxide comprised of lithium ions, oxygen ions, and other transition metal ions. When subjected to high-temperature forces (depicted by the yellow light at the image's center), interaction between the O3-type and P3-type oxides triggers charge transfer (visualized as lightning) and ion transport (illustrated through particle motion), leading to a sequence of structural alterations culminating in diverse phase compositions of layered oxides.\u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure>\u0000 </p>","PeriodicalId":100403,"journal":{"name":"Electron","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/elt2.35","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139993889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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