Cleaner Chemical Engineering最新文献

{"title":"Partial purification of crude lipase extract from Yarrowia lipolytica: Precipitation, aqueous two-phase systems (ATPS), and immobilization methods","authors":"Ana I.S. Brígida ,&nbsp;Filipe S. Buarque ,&nbsp;Vanessa L.R. Nogueira ,&nbsp;Vânia M.M. Melo ,&nbsp;Jose M. Guisán ,&nbsp;Bernardo D. Ribeiro ,&nbsp;Luciana R.B. Gonçalves ,&nbsp;Maria A.Z. Coelho","doi":"10.1016/j.clce.2023.100105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clce.2023.100105","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Efforts have been concentrated on developing alternative methods of enzyme purification that are less costly and highly efficient. In this work, we evaluated three different methods for lipase purification from Yarrowia lipolytica, such as precipitation using ammonium sulfate, ethanol, or acetone; aqueous two-phase systems (ATPS) based on polyethylene glycol (PEG) and potassium phosphate; and direct immobilization. It was impossible to obtain stable precipitates of the enzyme due to the low concentration of total protein and the presence of biosurfactant produced by the microorganism. Different mixture compositions were selected for the partitioning study. Three ATPS showed selective partitioning of the target enzymes, i.e., lipase and protease migrated to opposite phases. In the ATPS composed of 13 wt% PEG-4000 and 10 wt% salts, it was possible to achieve a purification factor for lipase of 4.2. Purification by immobilization performed by lipase-lipase interactions showed three lipases of distinct sizes in the crude extract. In the immobilization method by hydrophobic supports, phenyl-agarose and butyl‑agarose were more selective in immobilizing than octyl-agarose. In the ion exchange immobilization method, only the lipases identified at 66 kDa and 41 kDa have an attraction for DEAE-agarose (anionic) and sulfopropyl-agarose (cationic) matrices.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100251,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Chemical Engineering","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100105"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49706801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microstructure and mechanical performance of bamboo fiber reinforced mill-scale—Fly-ash based geopolymer mortars","authors":"Roneh Glenn D. Libre Jr. ,&nbsp;Julius L. Leaño Jr. ,&nbsp;Luis Felipe Lopez ,&nbsp;Carlo Joseph D. Cacanando ,&nbsp;Michael Angelo B. Promentilla ,&nbsp;Jason Maximino C. Ongpeng","doi":"10.1016/j.clce.2023.100110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clce.2023.100110","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Natural fiber reinforcement in cementitious matrices is being explored to provide an environment-friendly solution for lowering the overall carbon footprint of construction materials while giving the matrix much-needed tensile strength. Short bamboo fibers extracted from <em>Bambusa blumeana</em> or Kawayan tinik using 5% sodium hydroxide solution and treated with 10% aluminum sulfate solution are used to reinforce zero-cement geopolymer mortars. Bamboo fibers with varying lengths of 10 mm, 20 mm, and 30 mm are mixed with mill-scale – fly ash-based geopolymer in varying 0%, 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, and 2% fiber loading per weight of specimen sample. Compressive strength and split tensile strength tests are administered to small cylinder samples, 50 mm in diameter by 100 mm in height, in accordance with ASTM C780. An optimum fiber length of 20 mm and fiber loading of 1.4% by weight is determined using Response Surface Methodology (RSM). The addition of bamboo fibers increased the unconfined compressive strength up to 292.41% compared to specimens without bamboo fibers. The split tensile strength also improved by up to a 355.82% increase compared to control samples. The corresponding high-strength and low-strength samples are also subjected to Fourier-transform Infrared Spectroscopy – Attenuated Total Reflectance (FTIR-ATR) to investigate and compare the stretching of bands between the raw materials and tested specimens. Scanning Electron Microscopy – Energy Dispersive X-Ray analysis (SEM-EDX) is used to show microscopic images and the elements present in the selected samples. The implications of the results on the material development of bamboo fiber-reinforced geopolymer mortar for construction are discussed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100251,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Chemical Engineering","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100110"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49706979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extraction of methylcyclohexane−toluene mixture using imidazolium ionic liquids","authors":"Elena Graczová ,&nbsp;Dávid Molnár ,&nbsp;Pavol Steltenpohl ,&nbsp;Karel Řehák","doi":"10.1016/j.clce.2023.100108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clce.2023.100108","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Separation of aromatics from non-aromatic hydrocarbons was exemplified assuming the liquid-phase extraction process for methylcyclohexane−toluene model mixture separation using the newly tested 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ([EMim][NTf₂]) ionic liquid (IL). For this process a separation unit was proposed consisting of separation part represented by a counter-current extraction column and regeneration part including a vacuum evaporator and a vacuum distillation column. Separation of feed composed of 10 mole% of toluene in methylcyclohexane was considered in the designed separation unit. Designed separation efficiency of the unit was based on the following specifications: minimum methylcyclohexane and toluene content in the product streams of 99.5 mole% and the purity of regenerated extraction solvent recycled to the extraction column above 99 mole%.</p><p>Mathematical model of a counter-current extractor was compiled and its operation was simulated in the Matlab environment. In extractor simulations, proprietary phase equilibrium data were employed. Ternary liquid–liquid equilibrium (LLE) of the methylcyclohexane−toluene−[EMim][NTf₂] system was estimated experimentally, from which the model parameters of the original NRTL equation were evauated and used for the ternary phase equilibrium description.</p><p>Aspen Plus was used to design a separation unit for the title hydrocarbons mixture separation, including the extraction solvent regeneration. Simulation of the proposed separation unit operation was focused not only on its separation efficiency but also on the evaluation of the unit energetic requirements.</p><p>Results of the unit design calculations (parameters of individual equipment, heat duties) obtained for the tested ionic liquid [EMim][NTf₂] were confronted with the simulation results obtained for two ILs recommended in the literature for the non-aromatic–aromatic hydrocarbon mixture separation, namely 1‑butyl‑3-methylimidazolium tetracyanoborate [BMim][TCB] and 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium tetracyanoborate [HMim][TCB]. Based on the energetic analysis, the heat integration of the suggested separation unit was carried out for ionic liquid [HMim][TCB], which appeared to be the most efficient extraction solvent among those tested in this study, The heat integration resulted in about 71% reduction of the heat demand of the proposed separation unit.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100251,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Chemical Engineering","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100108"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49707013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oil biodegradation studies with an immobilized bacterial consortium in plant biomass for the construction of bench-scale bioreactor","authors":"Rachel M. Ferreira ,&nbsp;Bernardo D. Ribeiro ,&nbsp;Danielle.M.A. Stapelfeldt ,&nbsp;Rodrigo P. do Nascimento ,&nbsp;Maria de.F.R. Moreira","doi":"10.1016/j.clce.2023.100107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clce.2023.100107","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Increasing exploration of natural sources and the development of new oil-derived technologies have caused environmental contamination. Thus, among the bioremediation strategies, biostimulation and bioaugmentation techniques have been the most used in the current literature. This study aimed to build a bench-scale bioreactor to promote degradation used ship engine lubricating oil using an immobilized bacterial consortium in <em>Salvinia</em> sp. (SS). For this purpose, bacterial strains were isolated from the hydrocarbon-contaminated moist soil in the marginal at Guanabara Bay, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, followed by isolation, identification of microorganisms, and biodegradation tests. Then these microorganisms were immobilized in SS biomass. The bacterial consortium underwent biodegradation tests and bioreactor biodegradation on a bench scale. According to the results, the consortium of Bacteria like <em>Bacillus</em> could biodegrade 52.9% of the lubricating oil and 0.027 d ⁻ ¹ degradation rate.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100251,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Chemical Engineering","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100107"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49707016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enzymatic hydrolysis of carbohydrate-rich Chlorella vulgaris for third-generation bioethanol production by cellulase-recombinant yeast","authors":"Maria Augusta de Carvalho Silvello,&nbsp;Giovana Alves Gasparotto,&nbsp;Rosana Goldbeck","doi":"10.1016/j.clce.2023.100111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clce.2023.100111","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study developed a multienzyme preparation for the hydrolysis of microalgal biomass. Possible synergism between enzymes was investigated using carbohydrate-rich <em>Chlorella vulgaris</em> biomass. Under optimum experimental conditions, α-amylase (Termamyl®) at 0.05 g⁻¹ substrate and amyloglucosidase at 0.2 g⁻¹ substrate achieved a maximum reducing sugars yield of 5.639 ± 0.32 g L⁻¹ at a biomass loading of 10 g L⁻¹. <em>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</em> JAYET cells modified with cellulase genes produced 8.015 g L⁻¹ ethanol from unenriched whole microalgal hydrolysate. With the developed enzyme preparation, no pretreatment was necessary to convert the carbohydrate-rich fraction of microalgal biomass into third-generation bioethanol.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100251,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Chemical Engineering","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100111"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49706954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A review of the performance evaluation of thermoelectric nanostructure materials Bi2-xSbxTe3 (0.20≤X≤1.80)","authors":"Hayati Mamur ,&nbsp;Mehmet Ali Üstüner ,&nbsp;Haluk Korucu ,&nbsp;Mohammad Ruhul Amin Bhuiyan","doi":"10.1016/j.clce.2023.100101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clce.2023.100101","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Compared to conventional materials, thermoelectric (TE) nanostructured materials have a greater commercial impact. The advancement of these materials is necessary to develop the thermoelectric generator (TEG). For the contemporary TE concept, Bi_2-xSb_xTe₃ (0.20 ≤ <em>X</em> ≤ 1.80) nanostructured substances can minimize the limitations of Bi₂Te₃ for TEG manufacture. Recently, Bi_2-xSb_xTe₃ (0.20 ≤ <em>X</em> ≤ 1.80) has been identified as the prospective TE material for utilization in TEG manufacturing purposes. It's now in the initial stages, and it has some superiority compared with other TE materials. The research and advancement of this material will likely face challenges. The review identifies the ideal composition that is appropriate for TE applications and offers a practical method for addressing the shortcomings of Bi₂Te₃ nanostructure materials. Performance evaluations of the current Bi_2-xSb_xTe₃ (0.20 ≤ <em>X</em> ≤ 1.80) nanostructured materials are also thoroughly discussed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100251,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Chemical Engineering","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100101"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49707058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cell disruption and permeabilization methods for obtaining yeast bioproducts","authors":"Gabrielle Victoria Gautério,&nbsp;Rhonyele Maciel da Silva,&nbsp;Fellipe Chiara Karraz,&nbsp;Maria Alice Zarur Coelho,&nbsp;Bernardo Dias Ribeiro,&nbsp;Ailton Cesar Lemes","doi":"10.1016/j.clce.2023.100112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clce.2023.100112","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Yeasts are used to produce several bioproducts, including functional bio-molecules, enzymes, biofuels, lipids, pigments, vitamins, organic acids, and other value-added bioproducts. When the production of the bioproduct occurs intracellularly, methods of disruption are traditionally used (mechanical and non-mechanical), which promote the release of bioproducts, but also the total degradation of the cell wall with consequent loss of yeast viability. As an alternative, cell permeabilization methods can be used through the use of external agents (chemical or physical), which form pores that increase the transfer of the product through the membrane, facilitating the separation of material, increasing the production of metabolites and also acting as an effective way of maintaining cellular viability - at least partially. In this review, we summarize the advances in yeast cell wall permeabilization compared to traditional methods of cell rupture. We also present the methods available for evaluating cell disruption and yeast permeabilization for yeast.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100251,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Chemical Engineering","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100112"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49706639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ethylenediamine functionalized waste polyethylene terephthalate-derived metal-organic framework for adsorption of palladium ions from aqueous solutions","authors":"ThabisoC. Maponya ,&nbsp;Katlego Makgopa ,&nbsp;Thabang R. Somo ,&nbsp;David M Tshwane ,&nbsp;Kwena D. Modibane","doi":"10.1016/j.clce.2023.100106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clce.2023.100106","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The recovery of palladium metal is essential in order to meet its growing global demand and also to address water pollution crisis. Herein, MIL-101(Cr)/ED was fabricated from waste polyethylene terephthalate (PET) bottles and modified using ethylenediamine (ED) to retrieve divalent palladium (Pd(II)) metal ions from aqueous environment. The successful grafting of ED moieties onto MIL-101(Cr) was established by the appearance of broad bands at around 2800–3300 cm⁻¹ on the Fourier transform infrared spectrum which was supported by the increase in binding energy using density functional theory. The adsorption experiments revealed that higher Pd(II) ion intake occurred using 30 mg of MIL-101(Cr)/ED in acidic media of pH = 3.0. The data fit better on the Langmuir isotherm with the correlation coefficient (R²) 0.9089. At 25 °C, the MIL-101(Cr)/ED achieved a substantial enhancement in the intake capacities of 454.2 mg.g⁻¹. Kinetics data demonstrated to comply with pseudo-second order, achieving a rapid rate of Pd(II) adsorption by the MIL-101(Cr)/ED in less than 3 min given by the rate constant <em>k₂</em> = 0.02065 g.mg⁻¹.min⁻¹. The MIL-101(Cr)/ED has high affinity for Pd(II) ions as more than 80% removal was achieved even in presence of other ions. These observations revealed the potential utilization of MIL-101(Cr)/ED as an adsorbent to efficiently extract Pd(II) ions from wastewater.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100251,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Chemical Engineering","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100106"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49707062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Processing of automotive shredder residues: Economic evaluation of a process for energy and high-value metals recovery","authors":"Sandhya Kuruvalan Vijayan,&nbsp;Sankar Bhattacharya","doi":"10.1016/j.clce.2023.100103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clce.2023.100103","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Challenges in recycling heterogeneous waste remain untapped. Automotive shredder residue is one such heterogenous waste generated after processing End-of-Life Vehicles, making it difficult to process. There are two impediments to the recycling of ASR. One is the heterogeneity of the ASR (as received), and the other is not knowing what constituents to be extracted from the ASR. The ability of the thermochemical process to transform waste into beneficial products is well known. The objective of this work is based on a techno-economic evaluation of the recovery of energy and high-value metals from Automotive Shredder Residue. The equipment sizing and fabrication cost of each piece used in this process are calculated based on laboratory experiments. An integrated techno-economic study for processing heterogeneous waste ASR has not been studied in the literature previously. The economic evaluation was carried out assuming a plant life of 25 years. In addition, the plant's revenue was generated by the obtained products, and the payback period for energy and metal recovery was found to be 3 years respectively. The capital cost and operating cost for the ASR recycling plant with a combined approach of recovering energy and metals have been estimated from grass root stage. The outcome of this study confirms that ASR recycling has potential value for secondary resources and the process is economically viable. The resource recovery from ASR is an environmentally friendly technology where the maximum utilization rate is raised, along with energy saving and environmental protection by reduction of ASR waste in landfill.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100251,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Chemical Engineering","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100103"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49706535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Forecasting and mitigation of global environmental carbon dioxide emission using machine learning techniques","authors":"Harsh Bhatt ,&nbsp;Manan Davawala ,&nbsp;Tanmay Joshi ,&nbsp;Manan Shah ,&nbsp;Ashish Unnarkat","doi":"10.1016/j.clce.2023.100095","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clce.2023.100095","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Carbon dioxide emission has emerged as a major concern in the 21st century. The rising global average temperature and its impact on climate change has a major impact on the socioeconomic affairs of the world. This rise, directly causes the melting of the polar ice caps which in turn, brings about many other issues including extinction of polar animals, flooding of coastal regions, exposure to ancient microbial life and bacteria frozen in the snow which pose a risk of many more global pandemics and unseen diseases. An urgent need to control this carbon emission is required. The initial step in this process is to accurately identify the threat levels and milestones. Certain thresholds need to be mapped that express the most critical levels of CO₂ such as – the risk point, point of no return, etc. This is the main issue that this paper aims to address. The paper also aims to suggest some methodologies to deal with the same issue. The flow of the experiment and paper is described in the following lines. Historical data was used to make a prediction for the year in which the earth will hit a particular threshold for carbon dioxide concentration in the atmosphere. This level must not be breached and is essential in the fight against climate change. Next, analysis and data are used to calculate the reduction needed in the emission levels in order to bring back the CO₂ concentrations into a safer range. The study concludes that the critical level of CO₂ - 500 ppm, will be achieved by the year 2047. This level is considered a point of no return. A reduction rate of 6.37% and reversal rate of 23.38% is required to bring the emissions back to safe levels. The study also concluded that various socioeconomic factors such as population, greenhouse gasses, combustion industries contribute the most to these emissions. The authors recommend that further research be carried out on this problem to ascertain further predictions on the point of no return so that an action plan can be developed accordingly. The authors also recommend that a shift to renewable energy sources be undertaken speedily and that carbon neutrality be a crucial goal of every organization.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100251,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Chemical Engineering","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100095"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49706975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}