Phyto-mediated synthesis of polymetallic nanoparticles (Cu/Ag/Ru/Gd/Te) using abutilon indicum filtrate: Antimicrobial, antioxidant, antidiabetic and photocatalytic potentials

Abstract

This research delves into the creation of polymetallic nanoparticles composed of Cu/Ag/Ru/Gd/Te (PNS), utilizing the seed filtrate from the medicinal plant Abutilon indicum. A variety of characterization techniques have demonstrated a robust surface plasmon resonance in the range of 200 to 400 nm. Furthermore, the study examined the morphology, shape, composition, oxidation states, particle size, and thermal properties of the nanoparticles through SEM, EDX, XPS, AFM, and DTA/TG methods. The crystalline sizes were found to be 18.3 nm for Cu, 17.2 nm for Ag, 17.9 nm for Ru, 18.1 nm for Gd, and 17.9 nm for Te. The study also explored antibacterial and photocatalytic properties, revealing significant in vitro antidiabetic activity, with IC₅₀ values of 326 µg/ml for the α-amylase inhibition assay and 303 µg/ml for α-glucosidase inhibition. Additionally, the antioxidant activity of PNS was measured, yielding an IC₅₀ value of 127 µg/ml and an R² value of 0.9172.