Applied Research最新文献

{"title":"Recent Advances in Microstrip Patch Antenna Optimization: Methods, Design Targets, and Emerging Trends","authors":"Madihah Zakaria,&nbsp;Noor Hidayah Mohd Yunus,&nbsp;Rifqi Irzuan Abdul Jalal,&nbsp;Jahariah Sampe,&nbsp;Hafiz Basarudin,&nbsp;Mohd Azraie Mohd Azmi,&nbsp;Hafiz Muhammad Jamsheed Nazir","doi":"10.1002/appl.70206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/appl.70206","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Microstrip patch antennas (MPAs) are prevalent in contemporary wireless systems, however, their performance is highly influenced by interdependent design elements, including the dimensions of the patch, the geometry of dielectric and metallic slots, feeding configuration, substrate properties, and ground-plane structure. This systematic review synthesizes recent advances in MPA optimization research, highlighting key design targets, optimization methodologies, performance trade-offs, and application trends. This review advances the current literature by providing a cross-domain synthesis that jointly links MPA design targets, optimization methodologies, electromagnetic performance trade-offs, validation practices, and application-frequency trends within a unified systematic framework. This search was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA framework and included papers published between January 2020 and February 2026, identified using Scopus and IEEE Xplore for English-language publications. This resulted in 4727 records being identified; after removal of duplicates, 4700 were screened; 583 full-text articles were assessed for eligibility; and finally, 301 studies were included in the final synthesis. Simulation-driven or parametric-sweep approaches were the most prevalent primary optimization methods, accounting for 151 studies (50.2%), followed by machine-learning-assisted methods (95 studies, 31.6%) and metaheuristic or evolutionary methods (45 studies, 15.0%). Less frequently reported were deterministic methods (6 studies, 2.0%) and DOE/Taguchi-based methods (4 studies, 1.3%). The results demonstrate that MPA optimization is an inherently multivariable problem, with trade-offs among antenna size, impedance matching, bandwidth, gain, and radiation efficiency. Among the included studies, 23 (7.6%) addressed sub-GHz operation, while seven (2.3%) were associated with LoRa or LoRaWAN applications, representing a relatively small and technically important application subgroup. Overall, the findings highlight the need for integrated, experimentally validated optimization frameworks that simultaneously account for geometry, feeding configuration, substrate properties, and ground-plane effects to achieve more balanced MPA performance.</p>","PeriodicalId":100109,"journal":{"name":"Applied Research","volume":"5 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/appl.70206","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149206177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Embedding Entrepreneurial Competencies in Higher Education: A TVET-Inspired Framework for Advancing SDG 4 in Malaysia","authors":"Muhammad Najib Seth,&nbsp;Siti Noor Kamariah Binti Yaakop,&nbsp;Rosnah Zakaria,&nbsp;Azman Ismail","doi":"10.1002/appl.70208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/appl.70208","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study examines how entrepreneurial syllabus design and teaching techniques influence entrepreneurial tendencies among students in Malaysian public universities by integrating Kolb's experiential learning theory (ELT), the theory of planned behavior (TPB) and a TVET-informed perspective. Survey data were collected from 354 undergraduates and analysed using structural equation modeling (SEM). The results indicate that experiential teaching strengthens entrepreneurial intention, while curriculum design and behavioural intention operate as intervening mechanisms in the relationships examined. The analysis also points to only partial alignment between university entrepreneurship provision and SDG 4, particularly in applied competence and preparation for changing forms of work. The study concludes that an integrated ELT-TPB framework, informed by TVET practice, can provide a practical basis for curriculum redesign while supporting the broader aims of SDG 8 and SDG 9.</p>","PeriodicalId":100109,"journal":{"name":"Applied Research","volume":"5 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/appl.70208","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149048085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surface Characterization of Magnesium Alloy Machined by Wire Electrical Discharge Machining","authors":"Muhammad Syafiq Iskandar Rosni,&nbsp;Muhammad Al'Hapis Abdul Razak,&nbsp;Farooq Azam,&nbsp;Turnad Lenggo Ginta,&nbsp;Muizuddin Azka,&nbsp;Sadaqat Ali,&nbsp;Haizum Aimi Zaharin,&nbsp;Abdul' Azeez A. Aliyu,&nbsp;Ahamad Zaki Mohamed Noor","doi":"10.1002/appl.70201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/appl.70201","url":null,"abstract":"<p>AZ31 magnesium alloy has been widely used in the aerospace and automobile industry due to its weight-to-strength ratio and good corrosion resistance properties. However, due to its low melting point and high reactivity, machining this alloy is difficult. Wire Electrical Discharge Machining (WEDM) is a noncontacting machining process that can effectively remove material by electrical discharges. This research work has attempted to investigate the material removal rate of the AZ31 magnesium alloy with various combinations of pulse on-time (<i>T</i>_on), pulse off-time (<i>T</i>_off), and servo voltage (SV). Two different parameter sets were evaluated with the use of the FANUC Series WEDM machine. Brass wire electrode of 0.25 mm and deionized water were used as the dielectric fluid. Surface roughness of the samples was determined with the help of Mitutoyo SJ-310 surface roughness tester and SEM was used to analyze the machined surfaces. For the first parameter set (<i>T</i>_on = 16 µs, <i>T</i>_off = 118 µs, SV = 40 V), the average surface roughness was 5.15 µm and the machining time was 201 s. On the other hand, the average surface roughness of the second parameter set (<i>T</i>_on = 10 µs, <i>T</i>_off = 12 µs, SV = 15 V) was 4.45 µm. The differences in voids and microcracks properties between the two sets of parameters were also noted. From these findings, it can be seen that there are differences in terms of the surface finish, machining time and the surface morphology when using these two sets of parameters. However, the effect of each of the <i>T</i>_on, <i>T</i>_off, and SV parameters cannot be distinguished since these three parameters were changed simultaneously. Future studies may involve a well-designed experiment called the DoE approach, for example, Taguchi methodology.</p>","PeriodicalId":100109,"journal":{"name":"Applied Research","volume":"5 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/appl.70201","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148993947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Upcycling Automotive Recyclate and Miscanthus Derived-Biocarbon for Sustainable Composite in Automotive Applications","authors":"Prashansa Agarwal,&nbsp;Kehinde Olonisakin,&nbsp;Nur Fazreen Alias,&nbsp;Amar K. Mohanty,&nbsp;Mahendra Thimmanagari,&nbsp;Atul Bali,&nbsp;Manjusri Misra","doi":"10.1002/appl.70185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/appl.70185","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We develop impact-toughened, sustainable composites from recycled polypropylene (r-PP) derived from waste automotive parts, pyrolyzed miscanthus biomass (biocarbon) as a filler, and maleic anhydride-grafted polypropylene (MAPP) as a compatibilizer. This work uniquely valorizes two waste streams simultaneously consisting of post-consumer automotive rPP and miscanthus-derived biocarbon, a co-product of biomass pyrolysis into a single upcycled composite. rPP was blended with an ethylene-octene copolymer (EOC) to improve impact resistance. Biocarbon and MAPP were added to recover stiffness and enhance thermal/dimensional stability. The addition of EOC to the biocarbon-filled composite improved notched Izod impact strength by 21%. Adding 20 wt% biocarbon increased the flexural modulus by 10%, lowered the coefficient of linear thermal expansion (CLTE) by ~11% in the flow direction and ~17% in the normal direction, and increased the heat deflection temperature by 18%. Density remains ≤ 1 g cm⁻³, with a total sustainable content of 75%. A simple micromechanical model was used to extract a reinforcement efficiency factor <i>r</i>, which increased from -0.3 (uncompatibilized BioC composite) to 0.33 with MAPP, indicating significantly improved filler dispersion and interfacial stress transfer. Biocarbon and MAPP synergistically enhance interfacial stress transfer and restrict chain mobility, thereby enabling the formation of tougher, stiffer, and thermally stable rPP-based composite materials with increased sustainability, using recycled polymers and bio-derived fillers for non-structural automotive components.</p>","PeriodicalId":100109,"journal":{"name":"Applied Research","volume":"5 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/appl.70185","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148993945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Bibliometric Review and Visualization of Research Progress in Computational Modeling for Biofuels","authors":"Rana Sohaib Ahmad,&nbsp;Haris Fayyaz,&nbsp;Jawad Hashmi,&nbsp;Khurrum Shehzad Quraishi,&nbsp;Waqas Aleem,&nbsp;Sabih Qamar","doi":"10.1002/appl.70198","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/appl.70198","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The conversion of biomass into biofuels is a crucial step towards sustainable energy transitions. These processes are multi-scale phenomena that require advanced computational modeling. This study synthesizes bibliometric analysis and visualization to examine the scientific advancements and future trends in computational modeling for biomass-to-biofuel transformation. To identify thematic clusters, research hotspots, and evolving collaborations from 2003 to 2025, network mapping and keyword co-occurrence analysis were conducted on a dataset of 3,689 Scopus-indexed publications. Publication trends were analyzed using VOSviewer and Microsoft Excel, highlighting the most active authors, institutions, countries, journals, and collaboration networks. The findings reveal exponential growth in research after 2017, accompanied by an increasing focus on response surface methodology (RSM), machine learning, CFD, and hybrid modeling approaches. China leads in publication output, while the United States records the highest citation impact, with Tianjin University achieving the greatest productivity and National Cheng Kung University the highest citation-per-publication ratio among institutions. Recent research increasingly focuses on hybrid physics-informed and data-driven models, multi-scale coupling, high-performance computing, and their integration with techno-economic and life-cycle assessments for sustainability. These trends outline the path for further development of computational strategies, with implications for scalability, cost efficiency, and environmentally sustainable biofuel production.</p>","PeriodicalId":100109,"journal":{"name":"Applied Research","volume":"5 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/appl.70198","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148993946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Machine Vision-Based Morphological Benchmarking and Extrusion Optimization of Analog Rice: A Digital Image Analysis Framework for Agricultural Grain Quality Evaluation","authors":"Rosniza Rabilah,&nbsp;Noor Iswadi Ismail,&nbsp;Mahamad Hisyam Mahamad Basri","doi":"10.1002/appl.70194","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/appl.70194","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The appearance of analog rice strongly influences product acceptance. This study developed a low-cost Python machine-vision workflow to characterize, benchmark, and optimize the morphology of extruded analog rice. A total of 420 grains were analyzed using 10 dimensional, shape, and curvature descriptors. Measurement validation used 40 paired images, comprising 20 Basmati and 20 optimized analog rice grains, measured in ImageJ and Python. Analog rice was produced using a custom-made single-screw extruder under a 6 × 6 factorial arrangement of screw speed (25–50 Hz) and cutter-speed (45–70 Hz) settings. Each combination was manufactured once, with 10 grains treated as within-run subsamples. A fixed two-factor model and quadratic response-surface models were used to evaluate the observed operating window. Screw speed promoted grain elongation, whereas cutter speed had a stronger influence on width, aspect ratio, CI, BA, and total morphology error. All CI values satisfied CI ≥ 1. Analog-rice main-effect means were 1.0055–1.0066 for CI and 1.80°–2.90° for BA. Within the tested range, 50 Hz screw speed and 45 Hz cutter speed produced the best dimensional match. The optimized grains achieved 96.6% similarity to Basmati based on eight-dimensional and shape descriptors. CI and BA were evaluated separately as straightness indicators. The moderate length and total-error model fits, boundary solution, and unreplicated manufacturing runs limit extrapolation. The workflow provides an objective and affordable method for at-line grain morphology evaluation.</p>","PeriodicalId":100109,"journal":{"name":"Applied Research","volume":"5 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/appl.70194","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148994014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structurally Cascaded Physics-Informed Graph Neural Networks for Mechanotransduction-Aware Tumor Microenvironment Modeling","authors":"Xinyuan Chen,&nbsp;Nurashikin Saaludin,&nbsp;Mohd Nizam Husen","doi":"10.1002/appl.70188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/appl.70188","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Physics-informed neural networks offer a useful mesh-free approach for solving partial differential equations in complex multiphysics systems, such as the tumor microenvironment. These computational models can support future sustainable engineering applications and operations in precision medicine by enabling efficient in-silico testing. However, standard networks typically treat coupled fields as parallel outputs, which may not fully capture the directional dependencies inherent in biological pathways like mechanotransduction. This computational symmetry can allow the optimizer to find suboptimal local minima where inverse correlations are learned, sometimes leading to physically inconsistent representations. To address this structural gap, we present the structurally cascaded physics-informed graph neural network. We introduce a latent cascaded architecture that passes macroscopic volumetric strain as an upstream feature into the biochemical sub-network, addressing the optimization symmetry. Furthermore, we apply a limit-state masking penalty at the zero-strain limit. This serves as a structural regularizer that guides a physically consistent bound without relying on rigid local derivative penalties. Evaluated on a quasi-static stiffness-degradation benchmark, the proposed method helps reduce physically inconsistent artifacts, achieving an approximately 45% lower relative <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 \u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <msub>\u0000 <mi>L</mi>\u0000 \u0000 <mn>2</mn>\u0000 </msub>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation> ${L}_{2}$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math> error in biochemical field predictions and a 68.8% lower core test mean squared error during spatial extrapolation compared to standard unconstrained baselines. This work serves as a computational proof-of-concept to support the development of reliable digital twins, potentially reducing the reliance on extensive physical experiments. This methodology thus aligns with enabling technologies that aim to make engineering operations more sustainable in future precision healthcare applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":100109,"journal":{"name":"Applied Research","volume":"5 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/appl.70188","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148994057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protective Effects of a Cissus quadrangularis Stem Peel Ash Derived Salt Against Streptozotocin Induced Cellular Injury in SH-SY5Y Cells","authors":"Panimalar Thirupathi Brindhavanam,&nbsp;Ramasamy Mahadevi,&nbsp;Veeran Sethuraman,&nbsp;Manickam Rajkumar,&nbsp;Kavitha Ramamoorthy","doi":"10.1002/appl.70195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/appl.70195","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Neurodegenerative disorders are characterized by oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and apoptosis, highlighting the need for effective neuroprotective agents. In the present study, we investigated the antioxidant and protective effects of a salt derived from the stem-peel ash of <i>Cissus quadrangularis</i> (CQS) against streptozotocin (STZ)-induced injury in SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells. CQS was prepared as a dried water-soluble fraction of incinerated stem-peel ash and characterized using qualitative phytochemical screening, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS). FT-IR showed the presence of several functional groups, while GC-MS detected volatile and semi-volatile constituents, with 4-<i>tert</i>-butyl-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-6-<i>p</i>-tolyl-pyridine identified as the most abundant peak-area constituent (20.79%). CQS exhibited increasing DPPH radical-scavenging activity across the tested concentration range, with an IC₅₀ of 56.47 µg/mL. The MTT assay indicated that 20 mM STZ reduced cell viability to 24.63%, whereas treatment with 25 µg/mL CQS in the presence of STZ increased cell viability to 60.83%. STZ increased the percentage of cells with elevated H₂DCFDA fluorescence to 71.77% and increased caspase-3 expression to 73.82%, whereas CQS treatment reduced these values to 40.19% and 36.61%, respectively. CQS also increased the proportion of cells with preserved mitochondrial membrane potential from 21.02% in the STZ group to 71.31%. These findings suggest that CQS may attenuate STZ-induced oxidative stress, mitochondrial depolarization, and apoptosis-related markers in SH-SY5Y cells. Further compositional, mechanistic, and in vivo studies are required to establish its biological activity and translational relevance.</p>","PeriodicalId":100109,"journal":{"name":"Applied Research","volume":"5 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/appl.70195","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148943349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Artificial Intelligence-Driven Traffic Flow Forecasting and Spatial Road Operation Risk Assessment","authors":"Yifei Zhu,&nbsp;Tongyao Jin,&nbsp;Hanzheng Sun","doi":"10.1002/appl.70192","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/appl.70192","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Accurate multistep traffic flow forecasting and spatial assessment of road operation conditions are crucial for proactive urban traffic management. Existing models can capture temporal variation and road network dependence, but their accuracy often decreases as the forecasting horizon extends, while numerical flow forecasts alone cannot directly reveal where operational pressure is concentrated. This study proposes an Adaptive Graph WaveNet with Temporal Feature Fusion model, termed AGWN TF, for short-term traffic flow forecasting and road operation risk assessment. The model extends Graph WaveNet by adding timestamp-derived temporal context to its spatiotemporal forecasting backbone, including time of day, day of week, and calendar type. AGWN TF was evaluated on a 294-sensor subnetwork extracted from the LargeST GBA dataset, using the previous 6 h of observations to predict traffic flow over the following 60 min. The forecasts were further converted into a Road Operation Risk Index by integrating flow pressure, short-term flow change, prediction uncertainty represented by node-level forecasting error, and spatial influence. AGWN TF achieved an MAE of 36.06, an RMSE of 55.41, and a MAPE of 18.36%, outperforming LSTM, STGCN, and Graph WaveNet. Compared with Graph WaveNet, the three errors were reduced by 2.99%, 1.89%, and 2.50%, respectively. Its advantage became clearer at the middle and later forecasting steps, while representative-node analysis showed good reproduction of recurring peaks and overall traffic evolution. The RORI maps at 08:00, 12:00, and 18:00 revealed distinct spatial changes in operational pressure across the day, with more concentrated elevated-risk patterns during the morning and evening periods. These results demonstrate that AGWN TF provides an integrated framework for accurate multistep forecasting and spatially interpretable road operation assessment, and traffic management resource allocation.</p>","PeriodicalId":100109,"journal":{"name":"Applied Research","volume":"5 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/appl.70192","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148942867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Textile Metamaterials: Design, Fabrication, and Emerging Applications","authors":"Samanta M. de Holanda,&nbsp;Arthur M. da Silva,&nbsp;Thiago F. Santos,&nbsp;Dieter Rahmadiawan,&nbsp;Francisco D. M. Nobre,&nbsp;Jose Heriberto Oliveira do Nascimento,&nbsp;Idalmir de Souza Queiroz Júnior,&nbsp;Antonio Sergio Bezerra Sombra,&nbsp;Humberto D. de Andrade","doi":"10.1002/appl.70184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/appl.70184","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In recent years, advanced materials have been explored to improve the performance of flexible electronics. As conventional approaches reach their limits, Metamaterials, which are artificially created materials with special electromagnetic properties not found in nature, have emerged as a promising alternative, enabling tunable mechanical behavior and wave control. Textile metamaterials (TMMs) have rarely been reported directly in the literature and, despite having ample potential to be explored, the number of works published in the last 25 years on this type of material represents about 0.3% when compared to general published research on metamaterials in the same period. These materials enable unconventional physical behaviors, including tunable mechanical responses, control of wave propagation, and programmable structural transformations. The TMMs have been integrated into flexible systems, enhancing devices through multi-scale structural engineering. Despite extensive research, textile-based applications remain limited, accounting for only a small fraction of 25 years of metamaterials work, despite their potential. This overview highlights the emerging field, focusing on the intersection of metamaterials and flexible electronics, especially textile-based, covering core concepts, recent advances, and applications such as adaptive deformability, enhanced sensitivity, and multifunctionality for next-generation applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":100109,"journal":{"name":"Applied Research","volume":"5 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/appl.70184","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148942721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}