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Oligochitosan Conjugates of the Antimalarials Dihydroartemisinin and Lumefantrine: Synthesis, Stability, Cell Viability, and Antiplasmodial Studies 抗疟药双氢青蒿素和氨芳汀的寡壳聚糖偶联物:合成、稳定性、细胞活力和抗疟原虫研究
Applied Research Pub Date : 2025-09-28 DOI: 10.1002/appl.70041
William Matshe, Sindisiwe Mvango, Rudzani Malabi, Asongwe Tantoh, Charlene Andraos, Ibukun Famuyide, Lyndy McGaw, Sooraj Baijnath, Lynne Pilcher, Mohammed Balogun
{"title":"Oligochitosan Conjugates of the Antimalarials Dihydroartemisinin and Lumefantrine: Synthesis, Stability, Cell Viability, and Antiplasmodial Studies","authors":"William Matshe,&nbsp;Sindisiwe Mvango,&nbsp;Rudzani Malabi,&nbsp;Asongwe Tantoh,&nbsp;Charlene Andraos,&nbsp;Ibukun Famuyide,&nbsp;Lyndy McGaw,&nbsp;Sooraj Baijnath,&nbsp;Lynne Pilcher,&nbsp;Mohammed Balogun","doi":"10.1002/appl.70041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/appl.70041","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Malaria is treatable with several combinations of drugs, the most well-known and currently most effective being artemisinin-based therapies. Gastrointestinal absorption of these drugs can be poor and erratic if not taken with a fatty meal. Nausea and the loss of appetite, common symptoms of even mild malaria, can therefore jeopardize the effectiveness of the treatment. To enhance the bioavailability of artemisinin-based combination therapies, several lipid-based formulations and delivery systems have been investigated. In this study, we synthesized oligochitosan conjugates of the antimalarial drugs dihydroartemisinin and lumefantrine and examined their physical stability and biological activities. The hydrodynamic properties of both conjugates varied unpredictably under pH conditions like those found at different stages along the gastrointestinal tract and in plasma. The viability of Caco-2 cells exposed to the conjugates was also investigated in comparison to the free drugs. Both conjugates demonstrated significantly lower cytotoxicity compared to the free drugs at concentrations up to 0.5 mg/mL, particularly during the first 24 h of exposure. Despite this, they retained their antiplasmodial effect against <i>Plasmodium falciparum</i> in an in vitro assay at 1 µg/mL and 5 µg/mL. These new chitosan biomaterials hold great potential for further development into oral therapeutics that would not require fatty meal intake due to the intrinsic mucoadhesiveness of chitosan.</p>","PeriodicalId":100109,"journal":{"name":"Applied Research","volume":"4 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/appl.70041","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145224304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Evaluation of Gingerbread Spoilage Factors: Study of Fungal Causative Agents and Tracing of Their Environmental Sources 姜饼变质因素评价:真菌病原菌研究及其环境源溯源
Applied Research Pub Date : 2025-09-24 DOI: 10.1002/appl.70039
Md Nannur Rahman, Monirul Islam, Md. Rakibul Hasan, Md. Abdul Alim, Rokeya Begum, Sophie Li, Simbarashi Samapundo, Mia Eeckhout, Frank Devlieghere
{"title":"Evaluation of Gingerbread Spoilage Factors: Study of Fungal Causative Agents and Tracing of Their Environmental Sources","authors":"Md Nannur Rahman,&nbsp;Monirul Islam,&nbsp;Md. Rakibul Hasan,&nbsp;Md. Abdul Alim,&nbsp;Rokeya Begum,&nbsp;Sophie Li,&nbsp;Simbarashi Samapundo,&nbsp;Mia Eeckhout,&nbsp;Frank Devlieghere","doi":"10.1002/appl.70039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/appl.70039","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aimed to trace the sources of molds causing gingerbread spoilage. A total of 114 samples, including air, swabs, Rodac plates, ingredients, and products, were collected from a bakery during production. Molds were initially recovered from samples using OGYE and DG-18 agar media. For source tracking, gene sequence analysis was performed on 39 selected isolates. The spoilage potential of molds was assessed through their enzyme activity. All air samples, surface areas, and overhead ventilator units were mold-contaminated, with 18 to &gt; 200 CFUs/m³ in air, 0 to 11 CFUs/25 cm² on surfaces, and &gt; 100 CFUs/25 cm² on DG-18 agar. The cooling room samples, including swabs, ingredients, products, and nebulizers, showed high contamination levels. Air in the processing environment was gingerbread's main source of mold contaminants. A total of 151 isolates were identified at the genus level. <i>Aspergillus</i> spp. was the most frequently encountered mold in the 151 isolates, followed by <i>Penicillium</i> spp. The strains recovered from gingerbread samples were <i>Aspergillus niger</i> (<i>A. niger</i>), <i>Penicillium chrysogenum</i> (<i>P. chrysogenum</i>), and <i>P. decumbens</i>. Of these, only <i>A. niger</i> and <i>P. chrysogenum</i> were able to grow on gingerbread in challenge tests. <i>A. niger</i> exhibited amylase, protease, and lipase activity, while <i>P. chrysogenum</i> expressed only amylase and protease.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100109,"journal":{"name":"Applied Research","volume":"4 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/appl.70039","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145146554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Atomically Designed Graphene Nanoribbons for Photovoltaic Applications 光电应用中原子设计的石墨烯纳米带
Applied Research Pub Date : 2025-09-24 DOI: 10.1002/appl.70040
Ranjit Debnath, Mitali Saha
{"title":"Atomically Designed Graphene Nanoribbons for Photovoltaic Applications","authors":"Ranjit Debnath,&nbsp;Mitali Saha","doi":"10.1002/appl.70040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/appl.70040","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) were considered important for solar applications due to their exceptional electrical conductivity, high light absorption, and unique edge properties which can facilitate efficient charge carrier separation, making them promising candidates for use in solar cells as electrodes, interfacial layers, or even active materials in certain designs. These nanoribbons can be good alternatives as carrier extraction interlayers for organic/inorganic hybrid solar cells, through varying the width and the type of edge functionalization. GNRs were synthesized from two different organic molecules and were utilized to prepare thin films of nanocomposites with ZnO and TiO<sub>2</sub> nanoparticles to study their current-voltage properties. The designing was carried out in such a way that both aromatic organic molecules, namely, <i>o</i>-amino phenol and <i>p</i>-amino benzoic acid, when treated to cracking at very low temperatures, resulted in the production of nanoribbons like pattern. The band gap energy of GNRs obtained from both molecules was calculated, which indicated their semiconducting property suitable for photo-voltaic applications. The AFM images of the nanocomposites clearly showed the uniform distribution of the metal oxide nanoparticles on the surface of the GNRs. The current–voltage (I–V) properties of the nanocomposites were investigated and open-circuit photovoltage (V<sub>OC</sub>), short-circuit photocurrent (I<sub>SC</sub>), fill factor (FF) along with power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the solar cell were measured. Interestingly, the nanocomposites of GNRs prepared from the organic compounds p-amino benzoic acid showed a higher PCE value (2.069%).</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100109,"journal":{"name":"Applied Research","volume":"4 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/appl.70040","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145146553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Computational Fluid Dynamics-Based Simulation of Airflow Organization Performance in Petrochemical Workshop Lounge 基于计算流体力学的石化车间休息室气流组织性能模拟
Applied Research Pub Date : 2025-09-19 DOI: 10.1002/appl.70038
Yuanyuan Fu, Bin Zhao
{"title":"Computational Fluid Dynamics-Based Simulation of Airflow Organization Performance in Petrochemical Workshop Lounge","authors":"Yuanyuan Fu,&nbsp;Bin Zhao","doi":"10.1002/appl.70038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/appl.70038","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In order to ensure thermal comfort of petrochemical workshop lounge, airflow organization performance of it is studied based CFD. Influence of the numerical value of wind speed on indoor cleanliness is obtained by establishing two-dimensional CAD building diagram, setting working conditions with different flow rates, analyzing cloud images in Fluent software (temperature cloud, pressure cloud, velocity cloud, turbulent kinetic energy cloud), velocity vector diagram, particle concentration diagram at different times. That is, when natural ventilation only needs to consider the indoor air cleanliness, the ventilation condition of inlet wind speed of about 0.5 m/s is a more reasonable design parameter. At the same time, the concentrated location of indoor air cleanliness is obtained. In the corner away from the doors and windows, the air freshness decreases, the human body feels uncomfortable, through the reasonable arrangement of indoor furniture, is conducive to improving the thermal comfort of the human body; At the same time, the relationship between the inlet wind speed and turbulent kinetic energy is obtained, and the intensity of fluid movement can be known by analyzing the turbulent kinetic energy cloud map, and then the influence of indoor air distribution uniformity on human thermal comfort can be obtained. At the same time, by controlling the single variable method, that is, the position of the window opening, the area of the window opening and the wind direction projection Angle are unchanged, only the wind speed at the entrance is changed, and the eddy relationship between the wind speed and the building is obtained by analyzing the trace diagram at different times. Research results can provide theoretical basis for amend airflow organization.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100109,"journal":{"name":"Applied Research","volume":"4 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/appl.70038","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145101950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Effects of Ta Addition and the Isothermal Magnetic Annealing Time on Magnetic Properties of AlNiCo Alloy 加入Ta和等温磁退火时间对AlNiCo合金磁性能的影响
Applied Research Pub Date : 2025-09-19 DOI: 10.1002/appl.70037
Yao Ying, Yang Gao, Jingwu Zheng, Liang Qiao, Jing Yu, Wei Cai, Juan Li, Shenglei Che
{"title":"Effects of Ta Addition and the Isothermal Magnetic Annealing Time on Magnetic Properties of AlNiCo Alloy","authors":"Yao Ying,&nbsp;Yang Gao,&nbsp;Jingwu Zheng,&nbsp;Liang Qiao,&nbsp;Jing Yu,&nbsp;Wei Cai,&nbsp;Juan Li,&nbsp;Shenglei Che","doi":"10.1002/appl.70037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/appl.70037","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To meet the demand for high-performance rare-earth-free permanent magnet, the Ta-added AlNiCo permanent alloy has been prepared in this study. Effects of the Ta addition and isothermal magnetic annealing time on structure, micro-morphology, and magnetic properties of AlNiCo alloy have been investigated. An appropriate amount of Ta addition improves the permanent magnetic performance of the AlNiCo alloy. The optimal content of Ta addition is 0.6 wt%. It is found that with increasing isothermal magnetic annealing time, (<i>BH</i>)<sub>max</sub>, <i>H</i><sub>cj</sub>, and <i>B</i><sub>r</sub> increase first and then decrease. The sample with the isothermal magnetic annealing time of 20 min shows the optimal permanent magnetic performance with (<i>BH</i>)<sub>max</sub>, <i>H</i><sub>cj</sub>, and <i>B</i><sub>r</sub> of 5.73 MGOe, 1.85 kOe, and 9.16 kGs, respectively. Ta element aggregates at the joints between adjacent <i>α</i><sub>1</sub> phases and plays the role of separator, which reduces the magnetic interaction between adjacent <i>α</i><sub>1</sub> phases and improves permanent magnetic performance. A modest isothermal magnetic annealing time promotes the aggregation of Ta element at the joints between adjacent <i>α</i><sub>1</sub> phases and suppresses the formation of small <i>α</i><sub>1</sub> phases. This is the reason for the enhancement of permanent magnetic performance.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100109,"journal":{"name":"Applied Research","volume":"4 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/appl.70037","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145101949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Cover Image: Volume 4 Issue 5 封面图片:第四卷第五期
Applied Research Pub Date : 2025-08-28 DOI: 10.1002/appl.70036
{"title":"Cover Image: Volume 4 Issue 5","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/appl.70036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/appl.70036","url":null,"abstract":"<p><i>Applied Research</i> is a multidisciplinary journal that focuses on bridging fundamental research and practical applications, supporting sustainable problem-solving and global initiatives. The journal covers high-quality research in fields such as Materials, Applied Physics, Chemistry, Applied Biology, Food Science, Engineering, Biomedical Sciences, and Social Sciences. Authors can submit various article types, including Reviews, Tutorials, and Research Articles. The journal aims to highlight innovative research that demonstrates the application of knowledge, methods, instrumentation, and technology into solutions.\u0000\u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure></p>","PeriodicalId":100109,"journal":{"name":"Applied Research","volume":"4 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/appl.70036","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144910007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Proof of Concept Demonstration of a Flame-Resistant Structural Capacitor With Carbon Nanotube Electrodes 碳纳米管电极耐燃结构电容器的概念验证
Applied Research Pub Date : 2025-08-24 DOI: 10.1002/appl.70034
Prakash Giri, Brian Stuparyk, Mark J. Schulz
{"title":"Proof of Concept Demonstration of a Flame-Resistant Structural Capacitor With Carbon Nanotube Electrodes","authors":"Prakash Giri,&nbsp;Brian Stuparyk,&nbsp;Mark J. Schulz","doi":"10.1002/appl.70034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/appl.70034","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Structural capacitors are multifunctional energy storage systems that can store energy while acting as structural support. This study focuses on the demonstration of a structural capacitor fabricated using a unique combination of carbon nanotubes and fiberglass prepreg that can function at high temperatures without posing significant risk to the structure. Flat structural capacitors made by curing carbon nanotube electrodes inside glass fiber prepreg demonstrated an average capacitance of ~ 0.33–0.371 nF at 20°C. The capacitors remained operational after exposure to a high-temperature propane torch and demonstrated compliance with the ASTM D6413/D6413M-22 flammability standard. Scaling up of the size of the capacitors to form structural components of aircraft and automobiles can raise the capacitance value to store a significant amount of energy. The structural capacitor will not only enable the aircraft and automobiles to store energy, but will also shield them from electromagnetic interference, allow them endure high temperatures, and provide a strong yet lightweight structural support. Besides, a capacitor can also provide structural health monitoring in real time. This study evaluates the performance of a high-temperature capacitor utilizing fiberglass prepreg as both the dielectric and structural material, with carbon nanotube (CNT) sheets as electrodes. While fiberglass prepreg is widely available, the difficulty of scaling up CNT synthesis has been a major limitation in practical applications. This study also aims to overcome this barrier by presenting a feasible approach for producing CNT sheets at an industrially relevant scale, facilitating their integration into multifunctional structural-electronic components.</p>","PeriodicalId":100109,"journal":{"name":"Applied Research","volume":"4 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/appl.70034","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144894016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A Review of High Temperature Durability and Laser Cladding Crack Suppression Techniques for Nickel-Based Alloys: Mechanisms and Strategies 镍基合金高温耐久性和激光熔覆裂纹抑制技术综述:机理与策略
Applied Research Pub Date : 2025-08-24 DOI: 10.1002/appl.70035
Xiner Li, Wenyun Wu, Suqi Xue
{"title":"A Review of High Temperature Durability and Laser Cladding Crack Suppression Techniques for Nickel-Based Alloys: Mechanisms and Strategies","authors":"Xiner Li,&nbsp;Wenyun Wu,&nbsp;Suqi Xue","doi":"10.1002/appl.70035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/appl.70035","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This review comprehensively examines the durability issues and technological advancements of nickel-based alloys in high-temperature service conditions, focusing on oxidation, creep, thermal shock, and corrosion performance, as well as the underlying mechanisms of crack formation and suppression in laser cladding. It first explores the roles and limitations of alloy composition, microstructure control, and surface modification in enhancing high-temperature oxidation and creep resistance. Then, it thoroughly analyzes the impacts of thermal stress, solidification shrinkage, and elemental segregation during laser cladding on crack formation, and summarizes crack-suppression strategies like reducing dilution, adjusting laser energy density, altering scanning speed, and adding small amounts of Mo. The review notes that while nickel-based alloys show significant mechanical and chemical stability in high-temperature environments, they still face challenges in balancing microstructure and macro-properties, co-optimizing multiple properties, and controlling processing costs. Future research should focus on developing multi-scale, multi-physical, field-coupled theoretical models, finely tuning process parameters, and establishing unified evaluation standards to promote the widespread use of nickel-based alloys in key sectors like aviation and energy.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100109,"journal":{"name":"Applied Research","volume":"4 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/appl.70035","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144894393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Revolutionizing Architecture: 3D Printing in Large Construction Industry and Strategic Innovations for Enhanced Performance 革命性的建筑:3D打印在大型建筑行业和战略创新,提高性能
Applied Research Pub Date : 2025-08-24 DOI: 10.1002/appl.70033
Ghulam Murtaza, Giorgio Baldinelli
{"title":"Revolutionizing Architecture: 3D Printing in Large Construction Industry and Strategic Innovations for Enhanced Performance","authors":"Ghulam Murtaza,&nbsp;Giorgio Baldinelli","doi":"10.1002/appl.70033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/appl.70033","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Traditional architectural methods are changing because of the widespread use of 3D printing technology in large-scale construction, offering new avenues for efficiency, sustainability, and innovative design. This review explores the latest advancements and strategic developments that are shaping this field. It features real-world examples of large-scale 3D-printed structures, highlighting the advantages such as cost efficiency, faster project delivery, and reduced material wastage. The review explores cutting-edge 3D printing systems designed for building and analyzes their strengths and weaknesses. Commonly used 3D printing methods, including contour crafting, concrete printing, and D-shape technology, are examined with a comparison of their performance, material adaptability, and scalability. The role of advanced numerical modeling techniques, such as computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and finite element method (FEM) simulations, is emphasized for optimizing process parameters, predicting material behavior and potential defects ensuring the structural integrity of 3D-printed structures. Additionally, the incorporation of machine learning (ML) techniques in 3D construction printing is also discussed. This exhibits how predictive algorithms and real-time monitoring enhance process efficiency, and adaptability by exhibiting their role in 3D design, process optimization, material properties detection and quality inspection of printed materials. Through the synthesis of current knowledge and identifying opportunities for further research, this paper aims to inspire the widespread application of 3D printing in the construction sector and pave the way for its continued evolution.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100109,"journal":{"name":"Applied Research","volume":"4 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/appl.70033","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144894020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Innovative Development and Functional Capabilities of Ethylcellulose-ZnO Transparent Films as the Next Generation of Active Packaging Materials 新一代活性包装材料乙基纤维素-氧化锌透明膜的创新发展与功能性能
Applied Research Pub Date : 2025-08-22 DOI: 10.1002/appl.70030
Gowthami S, Lakshmipriya Ravindran, Sethu Lakshmi M B, Parvathy Nancy, Sharrel Rebello, Bipinbal Parambath Kanoth, Sreekala M S, Sabu Thomas
{"title":"Innovative Development and Functional Capabilities of Ethylcellulose-ZnO Transparent Films as the Next Generation of Active Packaging Materials","authors":"Gowthami S,&nbsp;Lakshmipriya Ravindran,&nbsp;Sethu Lakshmi M B,&nbsp;Parvathy Nancy,&nbsp;Sharrel Rebello,&nbsp;Bipinbal Parambath Kanoth,&nbsp;Sreekala M S,&nbsp;Sabu Thomas","doi":"10.1002/appl.70030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/appl.70030","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In the packaging sector, biobased and biodegradable materials have garnered increasing interest due to their potential to mitigate the environmental impact of fossil-based plastics. In pursuit of sustainable alternatives to plastic packaging, we present a novel approach utilizing ethyl cellulose (EC) and zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) to develop sustainable polymer nanocomposite films. These films, with uniform thickness (~65 µm) and varying ZnO NP weight percentages were synthesized via in situ synthesis and ultrasonication for uniform dispersion. Comprehensive assessments of surface structures, optical properties, mechanical strengths, and antimicrobial efficacies were conducted, revealing promising enhancements compared to EC films. FTIR revealed interactions between carboxyl groups of EC and ZnO NPs. XRD and HRTEM confirmed ZnO's hexagonal wurtzite structure with a particle size of 30–35 nm. FESEM images showed uniformly dispersed ZnONPs in the films. Energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy analysis validated the purity of ZnO nanoparticles and the homogeneity of the nanocomposite film. UV-visible spectroscopy indicated increased optical band gaps (up to 3.26 eV), augmenting their potential applications in energy sectors. Mechanical analysis showcased enhanced tensile strength (43.98 MPa). Moreover, a higher thermal stability (maximum degradation temperature of 335°C) was achieved. AFM illustrated improved hydrophobicity. Crucially, all composite films exhibited superior antibacterial properties against <i>S. aureus</i> and <i>E. coli</i>, as confirmed by FESEM analysis, underscoring their efficacy as antimicrobial packaging materials.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100109,"journal":{"name":"Applied Research","volume":"4 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/appl.70030","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144888381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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