Applied Research最新文献

Cover Image: Volume 3 Issue 5 封面图片第 3 卷第 5 期

Applied Research Pub Date : 2024-10-10 DOI: 10.1002/appl.202470501

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Cover Image: Volume 3 Issue 4 封面图片：第 3 卷第 4 期

Applied Research Pub Date : 2024-08-11 DOI: 10.1002/appl.202470401

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Comparative study of pure and mixed phase sulfurized‐carbon black in battery cathodes for lithium sulfur batteries 硫化锂电池正极中纯碳黑和混相硫化碳黑的比较研究

Applied Research Pub Date : 2024-07-23 DOI: 10.1002/appl.202400034

Surjit Sahoo, D. Chatterjee, Subhasish Basu Majumder, Kh M Asif Raihan, Brice Lacroix, Suprem R. Das

{"title":"Comparative study of pure and mixed phase sulfurized‐carbon black in battery cathodes for lithium sulfur batteries","authors":"Surjit Sahoo, D. Chatterjee, Subhasish Basu Majumder, Kh M Asif Raihan, Brice Lacroix, Suprem R. Das","doi":"10.1002/appl.202400034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/appl.202400034","url":null,"abstract":"Lithium‐sulfur battery (LSB) chemistry is regarded as one of the most promising contenders for powering next‐generation electronics, including electric vehicles. This is due to its high theoretical capacity, the use of inexpensive and environmentally friendly materials, and its alignment with climate‐smart manufacturing principles. Sulfur, the electroactive element in LSBs, undergoes lithiation to form a series of polysulfides, each contributing to the battery's energy density. However, this chemistry encounters several challenges, particularly concerning the stability of sulfur. Recent studies have shown that the presence of a full gamma phase of sulfur in an LSB cathode significantly enhances the capacity and overall cell performance. However, despite the advantages of cathodes with gamma sulfur, the characteristics of LSBs with mixed crystal phases of sulfur (alpha, beta, and gamma) have not been extensively studied. In this context, we developed a simple and cost‐effective synthesis method to produce both single‐phase (alpha) and mixed‐phase sulfur (primarily a mixture of alpha and gamma, with a trace of beta) and conducted their detailed physical and electrochemical characterization for use as electroactive cathode materials in LSBs. The cells fabricated using sulfur‐carbon black as the cathode delivered a specific capacity of approximately 640 mAh/g at a current density of 275 mA/g, demonstrating excellent cyclic stability over 50 cycles with a capacity retention of around 97%. This performance is superior to that of the sulfur‐baked carbon black composite cathode, which achieved 440 mAh/g at the same current density.","PeriodicalId":100109,"journal":{"name":"Applied Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141811168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Electrical cell‐substrate impedance sensing (ECIS) in lung biology and disease 肺部生物学和疾病中的细胞-基质电阻抗传感（ECIS）

Applied Research Pub Date : 2024-07-19 DOI: 10.1002/appl.202400059

Lena Schaller, Katharina Hofmann, Fabienne Geiger, Alexander Dietrich

{"title":"Electrical cell‐substrate impedance sensing (ECIS) in lung biology and disease","authors":"Lena Schaller, Katharina Hofmann, Fabienne Geiger, Alexander Dietrich","doi":"10.1002/appl.202400059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/appl.202400059","url":null,"abstract":"The lungs are exposed to a hostile environment from both sites: the airways and the vasculature. However, an efficient gas exchange of oxygen (O2) and CO2 is only possible through a very thin alveolo‐capillary membrane. Therefore, maintaining cell barrier integrity is essential for respiratory health and function. On the vascular site, endothelial cells form a natural barrier, while in the airways epithelial cells are most important for protection of the lung tissues. Moreover, fibroblasts, by transforming to myofibroblasts, are essential for wound closure after mechanical and chemical microinjuries in the respiratory tract. Along this line, loss of cell resistance in vascular endothelial and lung epithelial cells enhances invasion of pathogens (e.g., SARS‐CoV‐2) and results in pulmonary edema formation, while increasing barrier function of pulmonary (myo)fibroblasts blocks gas exchange in patients with pulmonary fibrosis. Therefore, electrical cell‐substrate impedance sensing‐based quantification of changes in cell barrier function in lung endothelial and epithelial cells as well as fibroblasts after application of harmful triggers (e.g., hypoxia, receptor agonists, and toxicants) is a convenient and state‐of‐the‐art technique. After isolation of primary cells from mouse models and human tissues, changes in cell resistance can be detected in real time. By using lung cells from gene‐deficient mouse models, microRNAs or the small‐interfering RNA technology essential proteins for cell adhesion, for example, ion channels of the transient receptor potential family are identified in comparison to wild‐type control cells. In the future, these proteins may be useful as drug targets for novel therapeutic options in patients with lung edema or pulmonary fibrosis.","PeriodicalId":100109,"journal":{"name":"Applied Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141822210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Xanthan gum modification to surface and interfacial properties between soil‐based matrixes and petroleum oils to minimize soil pollution 黄原胶改性土壤基质与石油之间的表面和界面特性，最大限度地减少土壤污染

Applied Research Pub Date : 2024-07-15 DOI: 10.1002/appl.202400096

Firoz Ahmed, Brenda Hutton-Prager

{"title":"Xanthan gum modification to surface and interfacial properties between soil‐based matrixes and petroleum oils to minimize soil pollution","authors":"Firoz Ahmed, Brenda Hutton-Prager","doi":"10.1002/appl.202400096","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/appl.202400096","url":null,"abstract":"A novel approach exploiting surfaces and interfaces between liquid oils and porous soil media was used to investigate the role of xanthan gum (XG) in minimizing the spread of petroleum oil spills on land. 1.6 wt% XG added to soil‐based mixture matrixes (topsoil, sand, clay, and moisture) resulted in a 50% reduction in oil spreading area at 0 and 5 wt% moisture content, at 1.3 cm depth of soil matrix. Also recorded was a 45% increase in time taken for the low‐ and medium‐viscosity oils to penetrate this soil depth. XG alters the surface energy and roughness of the soil matrixes, which additionally contributes to a reduction in oil spreading capabilities. Interfacial phenomena between individual oil droplets and soil matrixes demonstrated variable findings of droplet spreading and penetration with XG, depending upon the heterogeneity of the soil matrix itself. XG assisted a reduced lateral spread in heterogeneous soil matrixes and a reduced vertical penetration in clay‐based matrixes. These interfacial results highlighted the often‐observed differing transport phenomena at the interface compared with the bulk. This initial study demonstrates a novel approach to incorporate surface energy phenomena into the suite of soil remediation efforts by introducing natural biopolymers in high‐risk land oil‐spill areas to slow oil contaminant spread. Future studies will further characterize the benefits of XG in containing oil flow.","PeriodicalId":100109,"journal":{"name":"Applied Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141646461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Advanced, high‐performance thermo‐insulating plaster 先进的高性能隔热灰泥

Applied Research Pub Date : 2024-07-14 DOI: 10.1002/appl.202300112

A. Athanasiadi, M. Andrikopoulou, M. Smyrnioti, Y. Georgiou, M. Zamparas, V. Dracopoulos, T. Ioannides

{"title":"Advanced, high‐performance thermo‐insulating plaster","authors":"A. Athanasiadi, M. Andrikopoulou, M. Smyrnioti, Y. Georgiou, M. Zamparas, V. Dracopoulos, T. Ioannides","doi":"10.1002/appl.202300112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/appl.202300112","url":null,"abstract":"The main purpose of many current studies regarding energy efficiency is the improvement of the thermal resistance of buildings. To fulfill this goal, the development of advanced insulating materials, to be incorporated in the building envelopes, is imperative. Aerogels are ultralight porous materials typically produced via the sol‐gel process followed by supercritical drying of the wet gel. They exhibit very high porosities and a mesoporous‐macroporous structure which endows aerogels with extremely low thermal conductivity. This makes them ideal candidates for ambient thermal insulation applications. However, the cost for aerogel insulation is considerably higher than the one of standard insulation products. In the present work, highly porous aerogel‐like materials based on silica and commercial novolac resin were developed and added to common mortars. The prepared materials were dried under ambient pressure to minimize the manufacturing cost. The bulk density of silica quasi‐aerogels was 0.03 g/cm3–0.09 g/cm3 and that of the novolac resin samples 0.09 g/cm3–0.21 g/cm3. The aerogels were incorporated in mortars and cured for 28 days before measurement of thermal conductivity. The values of the thermal conductivity coefficient of the measured samples were 0.047 W/m K–0.058 W/m K for the silica reinforced mortars and 0.036 W/m K–0.044 W/m K for the novolac reinforced ones.","PeriodicalId":100109,"journal":{"name":"Applied Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141650226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Investigation of the ageing behaviour of multiple reused polypropylene binding twines 多次重复使用聚丙烯捆扎麻绳的老化行为调查

Applied Research Pub Date : 2024-07-07 DOI: 10.1002/appl.202400090

Philippe du Maire, Felix Gärtner, Matthias H. Deckert, M. Johlitz, Andreas Öchsner

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Features of the modern development of metal‐insulator‐metal waveguide based plasmonic sensors 基于金属-绝缘体-金属波导的等离子传感器的现代发展特点

Applied Research Pub Date : 2024-07-07 DOI: 10.1002/appl.202400069

M. A. Butt

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Α {Silk@Gallic-Acid} hybrid material with controllable antioxidant hydrogen-atom-transfer activity 具有可控抗氧化氢原子转移活性的Α {Silk@Gallic-Acid} 混合材料

Applied Research Pub Date : 2024-06-30 DOI: 10.1002/appl.202400043

Annita Theofanous, Yiannis Deligiannakis, Maria Louloudi

{"title":"Α {Silk@Gallic-Acid} hybrid material with controllable antioxidant hydrogen-atom-transfer activity","authors":"Annita Theofanous, Yiannis Deligiannakis, Maria Louloudi","doi":"10.1002/appl.202400043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/appl.202400043","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Silk fiber, often acclaimed as the pinnacle of textile materials, finds contemporary applications in the textile industry, health, and cosmetics. Gallic acid (GA) is a well-established natural antioxidant. In the present study, a novel hybrid material SFd@GA was conceptualized and produced via surface grafting of GA onto degummed silk-fibers (SFd). Successful covalent-grafting of gallic acid onto the silk fabric surface was confirmed through Fourier-transform infrared, Raman, thermogravimetric analysis (TG-DTA), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy demonstrates that gallic moieties grafted on SFd@GA retain their radical/redox activity. The antioxidant capacity of the hybrid material SFd@GA was validated by quantitative analysis of antioxidant hydrogen-atom-transfer (HAT) to DPPH radicals. Our data reveal a 550% increase in antioxidant-HAT activity of SFd@GA versus natural intact silk fiber, and a 1400% increase in antioxidant-HAT activity compared to the degummed silk fiber. The paramount discovery of the present work lies in the capacity for repeated utilization of the hybrid material SFd@GA, without any discernible compromise in its antioxidant-HAT activity. Specifically, we show that SFd@GA can be employed for at least 15 consecutive cycles, retaining >98% of its HAT efficiency, for up to many days of storage under ambient conditions. We discuss this expositional performance via the controllable Hat-activity process that we propose.</p>","PeriodicalId":100109,"journal":{"name":"Applied Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/appl.202400043","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142430289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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Cover Image: Volume 3 Issue 3 封面图片：第 3 卷第 3 期

Applied Research Pub Date : 2024-06-06 DOI: 10.1002/appl.202470301

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