Applied Research最新文献

{"title":"Open-Source Tools for Assessing Cytoskeleton Properties in Pathological Conditions From Microscopy Images: An Application Note","authors":"Magdalini Petrou,&nbsp;Andreas Stylianou","doi":"10.1002/appl.70005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/appl.70005","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The cytoskeleton is a multiplex network of different proteins and filaments and is involved in a variety of important functions. Nevertheless, its deregulation leads to various diseases. Cells' cytoskeleton characteristics and structures can be accessed with image analysis tools. Our purpose, therefore, was to identify relevant freeware tools that can be used for assessing cytoskeleton characteristics from microscopy images and create an application note for them. The tools covered in this application note are the ImageJ/Fiji, FilamentSensor, and Ilastik software. These three softwares are presented and described regarding their uses, features and other characteristics, and examples of using this software for analyzing the cell cytoskeleton are provided. These tools might contribute to the advancement of biological research and the enhancement of therapeutic outcomes, particularly regarding pathological conditions, suggesting further development and adoption of open-source tools in the scientific community.</p>","PeriodicalId":100109,"journal":{"name":"Applied Research","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/appl.70005","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143120876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Toward the Automation of the 3D Robotic Coreless Filament Winding Process for High-Performance Composite Materials With Multiple Reinforcement Levels","authors":"Johannes Mersch,&nbsp;Danny Friese,&nbsp;Hung Le Xuan","doi":"10.1002/appl.202400145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/appl.202400145","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Robotic coreless filament winding (CFW) of high-performance materials in 3D geometries presents a promising avenue for advancing lightweight and civil engineering. However, the unique challenges posed by CFW necessitate the development of novel path planning algorithms. Traditional slicing techniques, commonly used in regular 3D printing, are inadequate due to the complexities of filament winding processes and the utilization of materials with exceptional mechanical properties. In this article, we propose an innovative approach to automate 3D robotic CFW. The key focus of our work lies in overcoming the limitations of conventional algorithms and addressing the specific boundary conditions associated with diverse applications. Our method builds upon Hierholzer's algorithm that is then expanded to accommodate the intricate constraints of CFW. We achieve a comprehensive path planning framework capable of navigating complex 3D geometries while optimizing the utilization of high-performance materials. This approach allows efficient and precise CFW, preserving the excellent mechanical properties of the materials. Furthermore, the generated path is automatically converted into a robot program. The procedure to automatically convert a designed part to an executable robot program can be used in various sectors, including aerospace, automotive, and construction industry. This facilitates the utilization of high-performance fiber composites in lightweight engineering applications in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":100109,"journal":{"name":"Applied Research","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/appl.202400145","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143119543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of Finite Pointset Method to Study Two-Way Coupled Transient Bio-Thermoelastic Effects in Skin Tissue","authors":"Jyoti Pal,&nbsp;Panchatcharam Mariappan,&nbsp;S. Sundar","doi":"10.1002/appl.70000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/appl.70000","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this research, we introduce the finite pointset method as an innovative approach for approximating transient linear thermoelasticity in biological tissue, addressing the complex interplay between thermal and elastic effects under three distinct shock conditions. Numerical simulations are performed to solve the coupled thermoelasticity equations, demonstrating the temperature distribution, displacement, and stress profiles within the tissue. The results highlight the influence of shock conditions on the thermal and mechanical responses of the tissue, emphasizing the impact of coupling parameter and perfusion rate. Numerical simulations are applied to several benchmark thermoelasticity problems, providing numerical results that validate the approach. Notably, our findings reveal the cooling effects induced by perfusion under both coupled and uncoupled scenarios and highlight the variability of temperature, displacement and stresses based on the coupling parameter. This work contributes to the field of biomedical engineering by providing insights into tissue behavior under thermal stress and offering potential applications in medical technology and therapeutic interventions. The use of FPM not only enhances the accuracy of modeling thermal and mechanical effects in biological tissues but also paves the way for advancements in medical technology. These findings have the potential to inform the development of new therapeutic strategies, particularly in areas related to laser treatments, thermal therapies, and other medical interventions requiring precise control of temperature and stress within tissues.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100109,"journal":{"name":"Applied Research","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/appl.70000","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143119341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to “Two-Dimensional Adaptive Whittaker–Shannon Sinc-Based Zooming”","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/appl.70003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/appl.70003","url":null,"abstract":"<p>C. Ciulla, B. Shabani, and F. Yahaya, “Two-Dimensional Adaptive Whittaker–Shannon Sinc-Based Zooming,” <i>Application Research</i> 3 (2024): e202400018, https://doi.org/10.1002/appl.202400018.</p><p>The Ethics Statement was omitted. The Ethics Statement should be:</p><p><b>Ethics approval, Consent to participate, and Consent for publication:</b> MRI acquisition was consented. Approval was obtained from subjects to use the images for research through the administration of written consent. The research protocol for MRI data acquisition was approved by the Department of Radiology at the General Hospital 8-mi Septemvri located in Boulevard 8th September in the city of Skopje—Republic of North Macedonia. This study was conducted according to principles stated in Helsinki declaration of the year 1964.</p><p>We apologize for this error.</p>","PeriodicalId":100109,"journal":{"name":"Applied Research","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/appl.70003","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143117147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to “Unraveling Florfenicol's Effects on Splenic Histology, Erythrocytes, and Hematology of Healthy Oreochromis Niloticus Juveniles”","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/appl.70002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/appl.70002","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A. Bardhan, T. J. Abraham, R. Das, P. K. Patil, “Unraveling Florfenicol's Effects on Splenic Histology, Erythrocytes, and Hematology of Healthy Oreochromis Niloticus Juveniles,” <i>Application Research</i> 3 (2024): e202400017, https://doi.org/10.1002/appl.202400017.</p><p>In Section 2, “Materials and Methods” the Ethics Statement was omitted. The Ethics Statement should be:</p><p><b>2. Materials and Methods</b></p><p><b>2.1. Ethics Statement</b></p><p>The experimental protocols conducted within the framework of the All-India Network Project on Fish Health received support from the Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi (CIBA/AINP-FH/2015-16). The research adhered to the relevant rules and guidelines of the Government of India, New Delhi, as outlined by the Committee for the Purpose of Control and Supervision of Experiments on Animals (CPCSEA, 2021).</p><p>We apologize for this error.</p>","PeriodicalId":100109,"journal":{"name":"Applied Research","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/appl.70002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143117148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating the Fracture Mechanisms Arising From the Inhomogeneous Shrinkage Behavior in the Anisotropic Structure of Natural Bamboo via Experimental and Numerical Methods","authors":"Raviduth Ramful","doi":"10.1002/appl.202400222","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/appl.202400222","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The integration of natural materials in modern designs, architecture and infrastructure is essential to enhance the standard of living, to improve aesthetic attributes and most importantly to address the issues of global crises faced in our modern times such as climate change. Modern solution is calling for alternative materials and the consideration of natural materials may provide a wide range of benefits ranging from being sustainable to having a low carbon offset. On the downside, natural materials made of organic structure, are vulnerable to diverse number of naturally occurring or externally induced factors which can affect their rate of degradation. This study was mainly focused on one aspect of degradation based on abiotic factors which affected the durability of bamboo-based natural materials. The study probed into the mechanisms prevailing between the interlaminar layers of bamboo anisotropic structure which resulted in random crack propagation during shrinkage of the material thereby greatly affecting their durability. To achieve the aim of this study, experimental investigation was conducted in the first place on thermally modified bamboo specimens to reveal their shrinkage behavior with respect to the anisotropic nature of the material. In second instance, numerical modeling via the Finite Element Method (FEM) was conducted to further ascertain the findings observed in the experimental study. The FEM software of LS-DYNA was considered for that purpose and the fringe plot of XY displacement was selected to assess the zone in the material most susceptible to crack initiation and propagation. The findings of this study will have a notable significance as it will shed further light on one of the main limitations of a natural material like bamboo. The established methodology and findings could also be considered to further modify the material for improved durability in modern designs and applications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100109,"journal":{"name":"Applied Research","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/appl.202400222","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143117149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hybrid Composite With Natural and Synthetic Fibers in the Rehabilitation of Reinforced Concrete Structures","authors":"Ivelina Ivanova,&nbsp;Jules Assih,&nbsp;Cheikhna Diagana,&nbsp;Isabelle Titeux-Peth","doi":"10.1002/appl.202400267","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/appl.202400267","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Many concrete structures, such as buildings, civil structures, or transport facilities, have an enormous need for rehabilitation. The defects have a critical influence on the resistance and durability of these structures. This study evaluates the effectiveness of strengthening reinforced concrete structures by bonding natural fiber composite materials (hemp fiber fabrics [HFF]) mixed with synthetic fibers (carbon fiber reinforced polymer [CFRP] or Glasse fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) composites) using epoxy-based adhesives to increase their mechanical strength and extend the lifespan of the structures. This strengthening consists of bonding a composite sheet based on natural fiber fabric to the judiciously targeted outer surface of the reinforced concrete structure. From a sustainable development perspective, replacing synthetic fibers as reinforcement with vegetal fiber plants is the first step in respecting environmental issues. This paper focuses on experimental investigations on reinforced concrete specimens (33 in all) considered strengthened by different composite mixes between natural and synthetic composite fibers. The crack propagation behavior and the influence of adhesive thickness were investigated. Considering that the adhesively bonded composite materials reduce the stress intensity at the crack tip and, therefore, increase the remaining lifetime of the concrete structure. In fact, the experimental results showed an increase in ultimate load in flexural strength from 65% to 104% of strengthened concrete specimens with hybrid (hemp and glass fiber fabrics) composite plate and from 117% to 163% of strengthened concrete specimens with hybrid (hemp and carbon fiber fabrics) composite plate, compared to the control concrete specimen without strengthening.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100109,"journal":{"name":"Applied Research","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/appl.202400267","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143115523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Silicone Rheological Properties for Material Extrusion Additive Manufacturing","authors":"Wenbo Liu,&nbsp;Lachlan M. Peeke,&nbsp;Tingxi Lu,&nbsp;Aijie Han,&nbsp;Michael A. Hickner","doi":"10.1002/appl.202400203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/appl.202400203","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Additive manufacturing (AM), known as three-dimensional (3D) printing, uses computer-controlled materials deposition to fabricate 3D objects by selectively depositing materials, usually in a layer-wised fashion, to build a 3D object using free-form fabrication. Integrating silicone elastomers with AM deposition strategies has been of interest due to the important application characteristics of silicones such as excellent mechanical properties, thermal resistance, and chemical inertness. This work presents a study on the shear-thinning properties of thermally-curable liquid silicone feedstocks to describe ideal flow and shape-retention properties for direct ink writing of liquid silicone rubbers. To complement the direct ink writing process developed in this work for silicone AM, flow properties of various silicone feedstocks were identified through measurement of rheological properties using the AM fluid dispenser under various pressures, supported by parallel plate oscillatory shear rheology. A systematic process for evaluating and investigating the AM performance of seven different grades of silicones is introduced. The shape retention, overhang, and dimensional accuracy of these silicones in 3D printing process have been compared and summarized. This systematic evaluation methodology can be applied for silicone material selection and printing of silicone parts with complicated architectures.</p>","PeriodicalId":100109,"journal":{"name":"Applied Research","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/appl.202400203","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143114992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Material Extrusion Additive Manufacturing of Composite Laminates: Printability and Characterizations","authors":"Frank Haile,&nbsp;Arize C. Igwe,&nbsp;Job Wambua,&nbsp;Fredrick Mwema,&nbsp;Stephen A. Akinlabi,&nbsp;Esther T. Akinlabi","doi":"10.1002/appl.202400265","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/appl.202400265","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study characterizes composite laminates produced via Material Extrusion Additive Manufacturing (MEAM) using combinations of polylactic acid (PLA), recycled PLA (rPLA), and ultrafuse 316 L stainless steel. A thorough analysis of the effect of layer frequency on the material behavior of the PLA/rPLA, PLA/316 L stainless steel, and rPLA/316 L stainless steel composites was conducted. Owing to the disparity in deposition temperatures, PLA and rPLA layers exhibited poor adhesion to 316 L stainless steel layers, likely exacerbated by warping during printing. Excess material deposition at layer pauses caused bobbles at the corners of material interfaces, which in certain samples led to the formation of ridges. Additionally, layer sliding was observed, attributed to weak adhesion both to the print bed and at some layer interfaces. The rPLA layers demonstrated superior load-bearing capacity, while composite laminate block samples with higher interlayer frequencies exhibited enhanced resistance to compressive forces. This study provides insights into the challenges and mechanical performance of multi-material composite laminates, highlighting areas for process optimization and material improvement.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100109,"journal":{"name":"Applied Research","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/appl.202400265","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143114509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"FragMAX Facility for Crystallographic Fragment and Ligand Screening at MAX IV","authors":"Sandesh Kanchugal P.,&nbsp;Elmir Jagudin,&nbsp;Gustavo M. A. Lima,&nbsp;Vladimir O. Talibov,&nbsp;Afshan Begum,&nbsp;Jie Nan,&nbsp;Mikel Eguiraun,&nbsp;Ana Gonzalez,&nbsp;Céleste Sele,&nbsp;Maria Nyblom,&nbsp;Wolfgang Knecht,&nbsp;Derek T. Logan,&nbsp;Tove Sjögren,&nbsp;Marjolein Thunnissen,&nbsp;Thomas Ursby,&nbsp;Marc Obiols-Rabasa,&nbsp;Magnus Larsson,&nbsp;Uwe Mueller,&nbsp;Tobias Krojer","doi":"10.1002/appl.202400263","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/appl.202400263","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The FragMAX facility at MAX IV Laboratory is a state-of-the-art platform for crystallographic fragment screening, designed to support structure-based drug and chemical tool compound discovery. This facility offers a comprehensive workflow, from high-throughput crystal preparation and automated diffraction data collection at the BioMAX beamline to advanced data processing and analysis using custom software tools like FragMAXapp and FragMAXproc. Key components include an extensive relational SQLite database, various fragment libraries, laboratory automation equipment, and a range of bespoke software solutions. FragMAX has conducted numerous successful screening campaigns, serving both academic and industrial users. Users benefit from comprehensive support, and stringent data management. Here, we provide an overview of the different components of the facility and details of their practical implementation.</p>","PeriodicalId":100109,"journal":{"name":"Applied Research","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/appl.202400263","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143114508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}