The Royal Society of Chemistry最新文献

{"title":"Tunable dynamics of flexible magnetic microcrosses: synchronous rotation, breathing and out-of-plane arm overtaking.","authors":"Joe Tavacoli, Andris P Stikuts, Mihir Dass, Tim Liedl, Pietro Tierno","doi":"10.1039/d5sm00772k","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5sm00772k","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We combine colloidal self-assembly and soft-lithography techniques to realize flexible magnetic microcrosses that can be manipulated <i>via</i> external, time dependent magnetic fields. The crosses are characterized by a central domain connected <i>via</i> four flexible arms. When subjected to an in-plane, rotating magnetic field, the crosses transit from a synchronous to an asynchronous spinning motion where their average rotation decreases with the driving frequency. In the asynchronous regime and at low field amplitudes, the crosses display a breathing mode, characterized by relative oscillations between the arms, while remaining localized in the two dimensional plane. In contrast, for high field amplitudes, we observe an arm overtaking regime where two opposite filaments surpass the remaining ones forcing the cross to perform a three-dimensional gyroscopic-like rotation. Using slender body theory and balancing the effect of magnetic and elastic interactions, we recover the experimental findings and show that the overtaking regime occurs due to different arm magnetizations. Our engineered microscopic colloidal rotors characterized by multiple flexible filaments may find potential applications for precise lab-on-a-chip operations or as stirrers dispersed within microfluidic or biological channels.</p>","PeriodicalId":103,"journal":{"name":"Soft Matter","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145342191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Behavior, mechanisms, and applications of low-concentration CO₂ in energy media.","authors":"Minghai Shen, Wei Guo, Lige Tong, Li Wang, Paul K Chu, Sibudjing Kawi, Yulong Ding","doi":"10.1039/d5cs90091c","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5cs90091c","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Correction for 'Behavior, mechanisms, and applications of low-concentration CO₂ in energy media' by Minghai Shen <i>et al.</i>, <i>Chem. Soc. Rev.</i>, 2025, <b>54</b>, 2762-2831, https://doi.org/10.1039/D4CS00574K.</p>","PeriodicalId":68,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Society Reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":39.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145342240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced microstructure as well as mechanical and oxidation resistance of C/C–SiC composites fabricated by RMI for thermal protection","authors":"Yanli Huo, Yufeng Chen, Shouwan Qin, Hailin Liu, Hailong Liang, Jiajia Ma, Haoran Sun and Xiankai Sun","doi":"10.1039/D5RA04829J","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5RA04829J","url":null,"abstract":"<p >In this study, two-dimensional needle-punched laminated C fibres were used as preforms, and interfacial phases were prepared <em>via</em> chemical vapor infiltration (CVI) using pyrolytic carbon (CVI-PyC), sucrose-derived carbon (S/C), and pitch-derived carbon (P/C). The effects of interfacial phases on fibre coatings and siliconizing properties were investigated. The results demonstrated that the CVI-PyC interfacial phase is the most continuous and dense, providing the best protection effect on the fibres and forming a uniform cylindrical structure after siliconizing. The S/C interfacial phase is the second best; however, the matrix is fragmented after siliconizing. The P/C interfacial phase is the worst, leading to a lamellar surface structure and microcracks after siliconizing. Using CVI-PyC and S/C alternately as matrix carbon sources, C/C–SiC composites were synthesized <em>via</em> reactive melt infiltration, which comprised carbon fibres, SiC, and residual Si. According to mechanical property test results, the bending and tensile strengths of the prepared C/C–SiC composites were 345.4 and 156 MPa, respectively, which are considerably higher than those of single sucrose-derived carbon (134 and 75 MPa, respectively) and CVI-PyC matrix carbon (261.9 and 108 MPa, respectively). Oxidation-resistant coatings were prepared on the surface of the materials through chemical vapor deposition. High-temperature examination demonstrated that the coating effectively inhibited fibre oxidation, and the tensile strength retention rate reached 41% at 1500 °C in an oxygen environment, whereas the strength of the uncoated samples decreased to &lt;10 MPa. This study provides an important reference for optimizing the interface design and high-temperature oxidation resistance of C/C–SiC composites.</p>","PeriodicalId":102,"journal":{"name":"RSC Advances","volume":" 48","pages":" 40328-40337"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/ra/d5ra04829j?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145341123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of magnesium-doped zinc oxide nanopowders for conductometric acetone gas sensors","authors":"M. El Beji, N. Hafiene, M. Jdir, S. Jaballah, M. N. Bessadok, F. Ben Ali, G. Neri and L. El Mir","doi":"10.1039/D5RA05067G","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5RA05067G","url":null,"abstract":"<p >This research investigates magnesium-doped zinc oxide nanoparticles (NPs) synthesised by a modified sol–gel technique to create a high-performance gas sensing device with an enhanced sensing layer. The synthesised nanoparticles' structural, morphological characteristics, composition, and optical properties were analysed using X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive spectrometry (EDX), UV-Vis absorption, and photoluminescence spectroscopy (PL). XRD analysis depicts that the samples possessed a hexagonal crystal structure with high crystallinity. TEM and SEM analyses indicated that the nanoparticle size was approximately 45 nm, and this size increased with the increasing magnesium content. The gas sensor evaluations were performed in the temperature range from 200 to 400 °C. The ZnO sample that was doped with 1% Mg (M1ZO) demonstrated the greatest response (∼19.9) to 40 ppm acetone (C<small>₃</small>H<small>₆</small>O) at 300 °C. This sensor exhibited quicker response and recovery times, ranging from 2 to 332 s, respectively, alongside enhanced selectivity for C<small>₃</small>H<small>₆</small>O when compared to ammonia (NH<small>₃</small>), carbon dioxide (CO<small>₂</small>), hydrogen sulphide (H<small>₂</small>S), and sulphur dioxide (SO<small>₂</small>). These findings suggest that Mg-doped ZnO holds promise as a material for controlling pollution and for applications in environmental gas sensing.</p>","PeriodicalId":102,"journal":{"name":"RSC Advances","volume":" 48","pages":" 40368-40380"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/ra/d5ra05067g?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145341125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acid-catalysed rearrangement of acyl groups: synthesis of β-d-gluco aminocyclopentitols and carbanucleoside derivatives","authors":"Tapas Halder, Ratul Hore, Susanta Das, Subhadip Sett and Joykrishna Maity","doi":"10.1039/D5RA05811B","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5RA05811B","url":null,"abstract":"<p > <em>N</em>-Benzyl-1,2,3-tri-<em>O</em>-benzyl-β-<small>D</small>-gluco aminocyclopentitol (<strong>8</strong>) displays anticancer activity, whereas β-<small>D</small>-gluco aminocyclopentitol (<strong>9</strong>) and its <em>N</em>-benzyl analogue (<strong>10</strong>) are potent glycosidase inhibitors. Acid-catalysed 1,2-acetonide deprotection of a <small>D</small>-glucose derived precursor featuring a vinyl functionality at C-4 and <em>O</em>-acyl group at C-3 produced latent aldehydes with the ester group moving between the C-2 and C-4 hydroxyl groups. Subsequent stereoselective intramolecular nitrone cycloaddition (INC) reactions yielded various desired cyclopentano-isoxazolidines, which, upon heterocyclic ring or N–O bond cleavage as the key step formed <strong>9</strong> and partially <em>O</em>-acetylated/benzoylated derivatives of <strong>9</strong> and <strong>10</strong>, respectively. During the process, formal syntheses of <strong>8</strong> and <strong>10</strong> were also completed. Compound <strong>9</strong> and its dideoxy derivative <strong>32</strong>, obtained through the Barton–McCombie deoxygenation reaction of the appropriate isoxazolidine, were elaborated to carbanucleoside derivatives having 6-chloropurine, hypoxanthine, and adenine as nucleoside bases.</p>","PeriodicalId":102,"journal":{"name":"RSC Advances","volume":" 48","pages":" 40390-40399"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/ra/d5ra05811b?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145341108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced transport behavior of small molecules in polymer solutions.","authors":"Goga Ram, Rajarshi Guha, Nirmalya Bachhar","doi":"10.1039/d5sm00765h","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5sm00765h","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The transport of small molecules in crowded polymeric or biological systems is a complex process with extensive implications for drug delivery, imaging, tracer diffusion, and other biological processes. In this study, we examined an intriguing case where a methylated small molecule, rhodamine 6G (R6G), diffused faster than a similar-sized non-methylated molecule (6-HEX) in an aqueous polyethylene oxide solution, and dramatically enhanced its diffusivity near the dilute-to-semidilute transition. The commonly used universal scaling model cannot explain such phenomena. The experimental diffusivity measurement was performed using fluorescence correlation spectroscopy, and an all-atom molecular dynamics simulation was conducted to estimate theoretical diffusivity. We demonstrate that the degree of hydrophobicity of the dye molecule directly influences the level of non-sticky behavior exhibited by the dye. Using both experiment and simulation, we show that the hydrophilic dye (6-HEX) shows a stronger affinity (sticky molecule) to the polymer chains and moves along with them. Our simulations show two different interconnected local densities of polymer-rich and polymer-lean zones, observed at a length scale of the polymer's radius of gyration. Additionally, near the dilute to semi-dilute transition, the volume fraction of the polymer-rich zone decreases, thereby increasing the volume fraction of the polymer-lean zone. We show that the methylated, hydrophobic dye interacts less with the polymer and traverses through the low-density region, which enhances its diffusivity. This study aids in understanding the transport behavior of small molecules in dilute and semi-dilute polymer solutions and helps identify the concentration regime at which a non-sticky molecule can exhibit enhanced transport behavior.</p>","PeriodicalId":103,"journal":{"name":"Soft Matter","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145342151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Solid-state chemical reaction-driven BiOIO3 catalyst for boosting piezocatalytic activation of peroxymonosulfate toward pollutant degradation","authors":"Yuling Ye, Xiaorong Zeng, Aize Hao, Zheng Fang, Youguang Ran, Jiayi Zhu, Shanshan Hu and Xiaonan Liu","doi":"10.1039/D5RA06135K","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5RA06135K","url":null,"abstract":"<p >A simple and scalable solid-state chemical reaction method was employed to fabricate the BiOIO<small>₃</small> piezocatalyst. Notably, the BiOIO<small>₃</small> piezocatalyst, in conjunction with ultrasonic vibration (US) and the peroxymonosulfate (PMS) system, exhibited exceptional catalytic performance in the degradation of pollutants (rhodamine B (RhB) and tetracycline (TC)). The BiOIO<small>₃</small>/PMS/US system achieved an impressive reaction rate constant (RhB dye: 0.4958 min<small>⁻¹</small> and TC: 0.1983 min<small>⁻¹</small>) and high degradation efficiency (RhB dye: 88.8% within 4 min and TC: 86.3% within 10 min) and demonstrated good stability, surpassing the performance of the single BiOIO<small>₃</small> and other material systems. Radical quenching and EPR spectroscopy experiments further identified the contributions of non-free radicals and free radicals in the BiOIO<small>₃</small>/PMS/US system. Finally, a mechanism was proposed for the BiOIO<small>₃</small>/PMS/US system. This work not only offers insights into the design of high-performance piezocatalysts but also advances high-efficiency approaches for sustainable wastewater remediation.</p>","PeriodicalId":102,"journal":{"name":"RSC Advances","volume":" 48","pages":" 40381-40388"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/ra/d5ra06135k?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145341107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-performance aptapipette sensor for ultrasensitive and specific detection of perfluorooctanoic acid in environmental water samples.","authors":"Faxu Li, Baojing Jiang, Mengxue Sun, Xiaochen Yang, Zihan Hao, Qun Ma, Zhongfeng Gao","doi":"10.1039/d5ay01259g","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5ay01259g","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) is a synthetic perfluorinated compound widely used in industrial and consumer products. It exhibits strong resistance to natural degradation due to its stable structure, leading to long-term environmental persistence. It poses potential carcinogenic and reproductive toxic risks, prompting global regulatory restrictions and creating an urgent need for highly sensitive detection methods. Here, we developed a PFOA detection technology based on an aptamer-functionalized nanopipette, which is referred to as an aptapipette. Glass nanopipettes were fabricated, infused with silica nanowire (SiNW) substrates <i>via</i> chemical etching and surface modification, then aminated and functionalized with the PFOA-specific aptamer. The detection relies on PFOA-aptamer binding-induced changes in the ion mobility of the aptapipette, with current signals acquired <i>via</i> linear sweep voltammetry. The aptapipette sensor shows a good linear response over 1 ng L^-1 to 10 µg L^-1 with a detection limit of 0.35 ng L^-1. The aptapipette sensor exhibits excellent specificity against perfluorinated compound analogs, ensuring minimal interference from structurally similar substances. It maintains remarkable stability over a one-week storage period, with consistent performance across repeated measurements. Validation in real environmental samples including river water, lake water and tap water yields favorable recovery rates and strong reproducibility. This technology overcomes the complexities of traditional methods such as cumbersome operations and elaborate pretreatment, offering a new strategy for monitoring environmental pollutants and holding potential in environmental toxicology and biomedical diagnostics.</p>","PeriodicalId":64,"journal":{"name":"Analytical Methods","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145342085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Digold photosensitizer for visible light [2 + 2] cycloaddition and <i>E</i>/<i>Z</i> isomerization reactions.","authors":"Tommaso Ruggiero, James Fortwengler, Kristof Van Hecke, Mark E Thompson, Thomas S A Heugebaert, Steven P Nolan","doi":"10.1039/d5ob01503k","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5ob01503k","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Energy transfer photocatalysis has emerged as a powerful platform for a wide variety of transformations, yet advances in this area are often limited by the visible-light absorption of catalysts and the very high cost of state-of-the-art iridium-based sensitizers. We report the synthesis, characterization, and photocatalytic use of a novel digold(I) complex, {[Au(IPr)]₂(DHIC)} (PhotAu3), designed to overcome these limitations by absorbing visible light in the blue region and proving catalytically effective under 450 nm LED irradiation. The complex was successfully applied to a range of EnT-mediated photocatalytic reactions, including intramolecular [2 + 2] cycloadditions and <i>E</i>/<i>Z</i> isomerizations, achieving high conversions at low catalyst loadings in short reaction times.</p>","PeriodicalId":96,"journal":{"name":"Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145342173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary supplementation of <i>Chlorella pyrenoidosa</i> attenuated non-alcoholic fatty liver disease <i>via</i> the NF-κB/ferroptosis axis.","authors":"Tianlong Zhao, Danya Lu, Mengmeng Qiu, Baofei Yan, Tingming Fu","doi":"10.1039/d5fo01932j","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5fo01932j","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) stemming from eating disorders represents a significant public health threat. The therapeutic potential of <i>Chlorella pyrenoidosa</i> (CP) extract has been documented in metabolic disorders, including diabetes and hepatitis. Given the huge challenges patients face in self-regulating their diets, we suggest that incorporating a modest amount of CP into meals, without altering the original diet, may offer therapeutic benefits for NAFLD patients. It is important to note that our focus was on the overall effects of CP, rather than on the specific components of the extract. We supplemented a high-fat diet (HFD) with CP for daily feeding of NAFLD mice and observed that CP attenuated hepatic lipid accumulation and inflammation in these mice. To elucidate the mechanism of action of CP <i>in vitro</i>, we extracted its active compounds using methanol and characterized them <i>via</i> LC-MS. We then employed network pharmacology approaches to identify and validate targets for NAFLD treatment using CP methanol extracts. CP functioned by decreasing levels of interleukin 6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), nuclear factor kappa B1 (NFKB1/NF-κB1) mRNA, NF-κB1 and phosphorylated NF-κB1 (p-NF-κB1) protein in the hepatoblastoma cell line G2 (HepG2) treated with free fatty acids (FFAs), along with reducing p-NF-κB protein levels in mouse liver, indicating that CP regulated the NF-κB signaling pathway. We subsequently analyzed the hepatic metabolite profiles in mice and found that CP inhibited ferroptosis by modulating metabolites such as iron and glutamic acid. The levels of Fe²⁺, malondialdehyde (MDA), and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in CP-treated cells corroborated these findings. Further studies showed that CP upregulated the expression of solute carrier family 7 member 11 (SLC7A11) mRNA and SLC7A11 protein <i>in vitro</i>, thereby promoting intracellular glutamic acid, increasing cysteine levels, and enhancing glutathione (GSH) synthesis. Additionally, CP increased the expression of glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) mRNA and GPX4 protein, and augmented peroxide-scavenging capacity. These findings indicate that CP, as a dietary supplement, inhibits NAFLD <i>via</i> the NF-κB/ferroptosis axis.</p>","PeriodicalId":77,"journal":{"name":"Food & Function","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145342215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}