The Royal Society of Chemistry最新文献

{"title":"Amorphous/crystalline nanostructured Co–FeOOH/CoCe-MOF/NF heterojunctions for efficient electrocatalytic overall water splitting†","authors":"Chang Su, Dan Wang, Wenchang Wang, Naotoshi Mitsuzaki and Zhidong Chen","doi":"10.1039/D4RA08980D","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D4RA08980D","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Hydrogen production by electrocatalytic water splitting is considered to be an effective and environmental method, and the design of an electrocatalyst with high efficiency, low cost, and multifunction is of great importance. Herein, we developed a amorphous Co–FeOOH/crystalline CoCe-MOF heterostructure (defined as Co–FeOOH/CoCe-MOF/NF) though a convenient cathodic electrodeposition strategy as a high-efficiency bifunctional electrocatalyst for water electrolysis. The Co–FeOOH/CoCe-MOF/NF nanocrystals provide remarkable electronic conductivity and plenty of active sites, and the crystalline/amorphous heterostructure with generates synergistic effects, providing plentiful active sites and efficient charge/mass transfer. Benefiting from this, the designed Co–FeOOH/CoCe-MOF/NF displays ultralow overpotentials of 226 and 74 mV to achieve 10 mA cm<small>⁻²</small> for oxygen evolution reaction and hydrogen evolution reaction, and also shows the superior performance for overall water splitting with a low voltage of 1.55 V at 10 mA cm<small>⁻²</small> in 1 M KOH. The work reveals a design of superior activity, cost-effective and multifunctional electrocatalysts for water splitting.</p>","PeriodicalId":102,"journal":{"name":"RSC Advances","volume":" 13","pages":" 9636-9643"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/ra/d4ra08980d?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143740481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular recognition and potentiometric determination of neostigmine and pyridostigmine by a methylene-bridged naphthotube†","authors":"Jian-Fang Wu, Wen-Jie Chen, Li-Li Wang, Liu-Pan Yang, Yan-Fang Wang and Dehua Liao","doi":"10.1039/D4RA09021G","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D4RA09021G","url":null,"abstract":"<p >A macrocyclic arene featuring rigid bis-naphthalene possesses a remarkable ability to strongly bind neostigmine (<em>K</em><small>_a</small> = 2.7 × 10<small>⁴</small> M<small>⁻¹</small>) and pyridostigmine (<em>K</em><small>_a</small> = 2.2 × 10<small>⁵</small> M<small>⁻¹</small>) within its deep cavity. This facilitates the host as a potential ionophore for the potentiometric determination of neostigmine and pyridostigmine with low detection limits of 1.0 μM, highlighting its promising applications in pharmaceutical analysis.</p>","PeriodicalId":102,"journal":{"name":"RSC Advances","volume":" 13","pages":" 9657-9661"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/ra/d4ra09021g?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143740483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microsampling in toxicology studies - maximising the scientific, business and 3Rs advantages.","authors":"Helen Prior, Adeyemi O Adedeji, Romalie Allen, Derek Angus, Daniel Baker, Hollie Blunt, David Coleman, Helen-Marie Dunmore, Elisa Passini, Tara Putnam, Marie-Luce Rosseels, Neil Spooner, Jane Stewart, Carol Strepka, Alan Stokes, Tom Verhaeghe, Amanda Wilson, Fiona Sewell","doi":"10.1093/toxres/tfaf045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/toxres/tfaf045","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Adoption of a blood microsampling technique can reduce or avoid the use of satellite animals (rodents) for toxicokinetics or other purposes in discovery and toxicology studies and provides refinements applicable for both rodents and larger animals. Microsampling can increase the scientific value of data obtained from rodent studies during drug and (agro)chemical development, enabling multiple endpoints to be investigated and compared in an individual animal in the same way as non-rodents. A cross-sector survey was developed to understand the current use of microsampling in toxicology studies, with the aim of identifying the specific studies in which microsampling was employed and the barriers to wider uptake. A high proportion of the survey responses indicated that microsampling was used, however, the extent varied widely. Some organisations use the technique only in non-GLP studies. Microsampling was used most for pharmacokinetics or toxicokinetics, commonly within small molecule and agrochemical toxicity studies, but less frequently within large molecule, cell/gene therapies or industrial chemical studies. A wide variety of barriers to wider use of microsampling were provided, typically around reticence to change from using larger samples, or not wishing to validate another bioanalytical method given the resources and challenges associated with the validation of a new technology. Despite these barriers, some organisations have adopted microsampling routinely across many/all rodent toxicity studies and there are opportunities to further reduce and refine animal use across all sectors by wider adoption of microsampling.</p>","PeriodicalId":105,"journal":{"name":"Toxicology Research","volume":"14 2","pages":"tfaf045"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11957253/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143750143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Precision design of covalent organic frameworks for cathode applications.","authors":"Zhiwei Zhao, Di Liu, Yang Wang","doi":"10.1039/d5cc01023c","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5cc01023c","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The urgent demand for sustainable energy storage solutions has positioned covalent organic frameworks (COFs) as promising alternatives to conventional inorganic cathodes. With their programmable architectures, high theoretical capacities, and elemental sustainability, COFs hold transformative potential for next-generation energy storage devices. Despite their promise, the practical implementation of COFs has been impeded by limitations such as low conductivity and lower-than-anticipated practical capacities. This review explores recent advances in molecular and structural engineering strategies designed to overcome these challenges. The discussion encompasses ion-storage mechanisms, innovative chemical design strategies, and composite material synergies that enhance the performance of COF cathodes (COFCs). Looking to the future, breakthroughs in multi-electron redox chemistry, scalable synthesis, and advances in <i>in situ</i> characterization techniques will be critical to unlocking the full potential of COFCs. This review aims to provide valuable insights and guidance for the design of novel COFC materials, thereby advancing the development of next-generation high-performance secondary batteries.</p>","PeriodicalId":67,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Communications","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143750275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spontaneously blinking spiroamide rhodamines for live SMLM imaging of the plasma membrane.","authors":"Sonia Pfister, Sophie Walter, Aurélie Perrier, Mayeul Collot","doi":"10.1039/d5cc00151j","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5cc00151j","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We have developed spontaneously blinking fluorescent probes based on the reversible spirolactamization of rhodamine, to efficiently image the plasma membrane (PM) of live cells with enhanced resolution using SMLM. This study demonstrates that the blinking efficiency of spiroamide PM probes is not solely governed by their p<i>K</i>_a; the presence of a charged polar group on the amide should also be taken into account.</p>","PeriodicalId":67,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Communications","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143750284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Machine learning-assisted flexible dual modal sensor for multi-sensing detection and target object recognition in the grasping process.","authors":"Wentao Dong, Kaiqi Sheng, Chang Chen, Xiaopeng Qiu","doi":"10.1039/d5lc00020c","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5lc00020c","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Multi-modal information data is important for the grasping process of robotic fingers. Simultaneous bimodal perceiving of non-contact proximity distances and contact pressure stimuli is widely desired for artificial intelligence electronics, such as electronic skin and health monitoring. It is a challenge to independently detect and process different signals for target recognition without cross-coupling. A machine learning-assisted flexible dual modal sensor (FDMS) was developed for robotic electronic skin application to simultaneously engage in proximity distance and contact pressure measurements to fully process perception during grasping. FDMSs with a multi-layer structure (polydimethylsiloxane film, conductive silver paste, silicone rubber, and hydrogel film in layers) were developed for robotic electronic skin application. FDMSs with conductive silver coils were designed for proximity perception due to the variable capacitance value. A single electrode mode triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) sensor with frictional electric effect and electrostatic induction was applied for contact pressure measurements. The AlexNet neural network was adopted to target material and hardness recognition from FDMSs in the robot-grasping process, and it achieved a success recognition rate of 93.49% for different materials and 92.22% for different hardness values. Compared to other algorithms, the performance of the AlexNet neural network was superior for target material recognition, which would improve human-robot interaction ability. The robot electronic skin exhibited dual perception feedback capability in proximity and contact perception with excellent flexibility and stability, which has great potential for human-robot interactions, soft robotics, and biomedical applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":85,"journal":{"name":"Lab on a Chip","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143750323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Catalyst and transition-metal free 1,6-conjugate addition of azobisisobutyronitrile: access to isobutyronitrile containing diarylmethanes.","authors":"Ajay G Mamale, Balaji M Ghodake, Rajesh G Gonnade, Asish K Bhattacharya","doi":"10.1039/d5ob00012b","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5ob00012b","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A catalyst and transition-metal free 1,6-conjugate addition of azobisisobutyronitrile to <i>para</i>-quinone methides for the synthesis of isobutyronitrile containing diarylmethanes has been achieved. This protocol enables the synthesis of isobutyronitrile containing diarylmethanes in good yields and with a broad substrate scope. This is the first example wherein azobisisobutyronitrile has been used as a cyanide source for 1,6-conjugate addition under catalyst and metal-free conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":96,"journal":{"name":"Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143750332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular engineering and electrolyte optimization strategies for enhanced performance of Ru(ii) polypyridyl-sensitized DSSCs","authors":"Islam M. Abdellah","doi":"10.1039/D5RA01470K","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5RA01470K","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) are a leading third-generation solar cell technology due to their low cost, ease of fabrication, and tunable photoelectrochemical properties. Among DSSC components, the photosensitizer plays a crucial role in light absorption and charge generation, with Ru(<small>II</small>)-polypyridyl complexes standing out due to their superior photostability, broad absorption spectra, and efficient charge injection. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of molecular engineering strategies for Ru(<small>II</small>)-polypyridyl photosensitizers, emphasizing ligand modifications to design and develop novel Ru(<small>II</small>) photosensitizers with prolonged excited-state lifetimes, reduced charge recombination, enhanced light-harvesting capabilities, and improved overall solar-to-power conversion efficiency (PCE). In addition, cyclometallated polypyridyl Ru(<small>II</small>) complexes are explored as promising alternatives to Ru(<small>II</small>) complexes incorporating labile thiocyanate (SCN) ligands for DSSCs, which offer improved stability. The relationship between the molecular structure of Ru(<small>II</small>) photosensitizers and their photovoltaic characteristics is analyzed by examining key factors that influence their photovoltaic performance, including light-harvesting efficiency, fine-tuning ground and excited state oxidation potentials (GSOP/ESOP), extending excited state lifetimes, and minimizing charge recombination. Additionally, the impact of co-adsorbents, electrolyte additives, and interfacial engineering on DSSC performance is explored. Emphasis is placed on optimizing redox electrolytes beyond conventional iodide/triiodide (I<small>⁻</small>/I<small>⁻</small><small>₃</small>) systems to minimize energy loss and enhance PCE. By carefully considering those challenges, this review lays the groundwork for the rational design of next-generation DSSCs that are more efficient, stable, and commercially viable.</p>","PeriodicalId":102,"journal":{"name":"RSC Advances","volume":" 13","pages":" 9763-9786"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/ra/d5ra01470k?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143740487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How does a polymer glass resist fatigue crack growth?","authors":"Christine Heera Ahn, Zheqi Chen, Xianyang Bao, Zhigang Suo","doi":"10.1039/d4sm01521e","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4sm01521e","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We investigate fatigue crack growth in a polymer glass in which polymer chains are long and not crosslinked. Atoms bind by forces of two types: covalent bonds between repeat units along a chain, which resist chain scission, and noncovalent interactions between the chains, which resist chain slip. The covalent bonds are much stronger than the noncovalent interactions. When a crack impinges on a long chain, the chain slips and transmits tension over a segment of the chain. When the chain breaks at a single covalent bond, the energy stored in the segment dissipates. This molecular picture suggests a hypothesis: the fatigue threshold increases as the yield strength decreases. We analyze this hypothesis by developing a shear-lag model. We test the hypothesis by using high-molecular-weight poly(methyl methacrylate), and by modifying noncovalent interactions with plasticizers.</p>","PeriodicalId":103,"journal":{"name":"Soft Matter","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143750105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Co(II)-catalyzed isomerization of enals using hydrogen atom transfer.","authors":"Qiqige Qiqige, Edward Richmond, Rocco Paciello, Mathias Schelwies, Rylan J Lundgren","doi":"10.1039/d4cc06075j","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4cc06075j","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To develop a process for the synthesis of an enal acetate, the so called C5-acetate that is important in the industrial preparation of vitamin A, we show here that Co(II)-based hydrogen atom transfer catalysts under H₂ promote such isomerizations in high yield with low catalyst loading (0.1 mol%). D-labelling studies suggest the enal isomerization process and catalyst activation by H₂ to be reversible.</p>","PeriodicalId":67,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Communications","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143750165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}