The Royal Society of Chemistry最新文献

{"title":"Overcoming the challenge of quantifying aged microplastic by qNMR spectroscopy.","authors":"Julia Schmidt, Marte Haave, Wei Wang","doi":"10.1039/d5em00393h","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5em00393h","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Quantitative nuclear magnetic resonance (qNMR) spectroscopy holds strong potential for environmental microplastic analysis, contingent on addressing the challenge of quantifying aged synthetic microplastics. This study evaluated the application of qNMR for quantifying polystyrene (PS), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), and polyethylene terephthalate (PET), aged under UV exposure and elevated temperatures for 24 days. qNMR was combined with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy to assess morphological, chemical, and molecular-level changes. SEM revealed surface degradation in PS and PVC, with minimal changes in PET, while FTIR showed increased carbonyl indices (CI), indicating oxidation. qNMR analysis demonstrated consistent microplastic signals between aged and pristine materials, with relative quantification errors from 1% to 18%. Calibration curves showed strong linearity (<i>R</i>² > 0.97), with limits of detection (LOD) between 0.87-2.79 μg mL^-1 and limits of quantification (LOQ) between 2.89-9.29 μg mL^-1. Additionally, degradation products in PS and PVC were quantified, providing a detailed assessment of chemical changes during aging, while PET exhibited no significant degradation. These results demonstrate that qNMR enables sensitive, reliable quantification of aged microplastics. Integration of qNMR, SEM, and FTIR offers complementary insights into microplastic aging and supports the development of robust methods for environmental microplastic monitoring.</p>","PeriodicalId":74,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science: Processes & Impacts","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144820101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Daily walnut consumption increases 6-sulfatoxymelatonin urinary levels and can improve sleep quality: a randomized crossover trial.","authors":"María Fernanda Zerón-Rugerio, Aradeisy Ibarra-Picón, María Diez-Hernández, Oriol Comas-Basté, Francisco José Pérez-Cano, Trinitat Cambras, Maria Izquierdo-Pulido","doi":"10.1039/d5fo00971e","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5fo00971e","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We aimed to study the potential impact of daily consumption of walnuts on urinary 6-sulphatoxymelatonin (6-SMT) levels and sleep quality parameters. We conducted an open-label randomized crossover trial (NCT04799821) in 76 young adults (24.1 ± 3.4 years; 85.5% women) who either ingested 40 g of walnuts daily during dinner (intervention) or refrained from eating walnuts or any other nuts (control) for 8 weeks, with a 2-week washout period. Outcome variables included the determination of 6-SMT in urine samples collected in two consecutive periods: evening (from 20:00 to 23:00) and nighttime (from 23:00 to 07:00), the measurement of sleep quality parameters (latency, wake after sleep onset, awakenings, and efficiency) and daytime sleepiness (Epworth Sleepiness Scale). Tryptophan and melatonin contents of the walnuts used for the intervention were quantified by high-performance liquid chromatography. The 8-week walnut intervention significantly increased evening urinary 6-SMT concentrations (<i>p</i> = 0.029) and improved sleep latency (<i>p</i> = 0.001), while no differences were found between the baseline and control conditions. Likewise, the walnut intervention resulted in increased global sleep quality (<i>p</i> = 0.002) and lower daytime sleepiness (<i>p</i> = 0.002). Partial correlation analyses indicated that during the intervention, evening urinary 6-SMT concentrations were significantly associated with higher sleep efficiency (<i>p</i> = 0.026) and an improved global sleep quality (<i>p</i> = 0.006). Our findings highlight the potential of walnuts as sleep-promoting foods among young adults. Specifically, we demonstrated that a daily serving of 40 g of walnuts increases urinary 6-SMT levels, reduces sleep latency, and improves global sleep quality. Further research is needed to fully understand the underlying mechanisms involved in the diet-sleep association.</p>","PeriodicalId":77,"journal":{"name":"Food & Function","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144820103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced catalytic performance of transition metal-doped Co/TiO2 for continuous-flow synthesis of borneol from isoborneol","authors":"Chenyang Li, Zhihan Liu, Huimin Li, Yunsen Xiao, Ying Huang, Yuting Lin, Jie Liu, Bin Wu, Fuweng Zhang, Huidong Zheng and Longfei Yan","doi":"10.1039/D5RA03723A","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5RA03723A","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Borneol, a pharmaceutically important monoterpenoid, has emerged as a key ingredient in modern medicinal formulations. Here, we report a highly efficient heterogeneous catalytic system using transition metal-doped Co/TiO<small>₂</small> catalysts for the continuous-flow isomerization of isoborneol to borneol. Through systematic screening of bimetallic combinations, we demonstrate that Cu and Ni dopants synergistically enhance the redox properties of Co species, particularly improving hydrogenation–dehydrogenation efficiency in the isomerization of isoborneol. The optimized 1Cu–3Co/TiO<small>₂</small> catalyst (Cu : Co = 1 : 3 mass ratio) enabled a two-stage continuous-flow system, achieving 58% molar yield of borneol with &lt;0.4% camphor byproduct formation after solvent removal. Remarkably, the catalyst maintained &gt;99% metal retention during a total of 200 h of continuous reaction. This work not only provides fundamental insights into promoter effects in bimetallic catalysis but also establishes a commercially viable platform for continuous production of high-purity botanical therapeutics.</p>","PeriodicalId":102,"journal":{"name":"RSC Advances","volume":" 35","pages":" 28659-28665"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/ra/d5ra03723a?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144831991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Desymmetrization on electron-withdrawing groups in single benzene fluorophores for fine tuning of photophysical properties and applications","authors":"Jun Yeong Kim, Haein Kim, EunHo Hong, Dopil Kim, Chae Young Ryu, Dokyoung Kim, JunWoo Kim, Myung Hwan Park and Min Kim","doi":"10.1039/D5RA03628C","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5RA03628C","url":null,"abstract":"<p >In this study, a series of unsymmetrical single-benzene fluorophore (SBF) derivatives were systematically synthesized by selectively disrupting the ester symmetry of standard diamino terephthalate-type analogs <em>via</em> alternative synthetic routes. Various electron-donating groups (EDGs) and electron-withdrawing groups (EWGs) were introduced at one ester group position, yielding 12 <strong>A</strong> series compounds with emission wavelengths spanning from 440 to 578 nm. EDGs led to blue-shifts, while EWGs induced red-shifts relative to the symmetric parent compound. This trend can be attributed to electronic modulation of frontier molecular orbitals. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations confirmed that increasing EWG strength led to a gradual reduction in the HOMO–LUMO energy gap, in agreement with experimental emission trends. Although substituent effects were evident, the overall spectral shifts between symmetric and unsymmetric structures remained modest, indicating structural robustness of the core scaffold. In addition, a series of monoamino <strong>B</strong> series compounds (12 analogs) were prepared to examine the photophysical consequences of removing one amino group. These consistently showed blue-shifted emissions compared to the <strong>A</strong> series, attributed to reduced conjugation and secondary hydrogen bonding. Finally, ester hydrolysis of selected compounds generated <strong>C</strong> series carboxylic acids, enabling pH-dependent fluorescence switching. Notably, <strong>C-COMe</strong> exhibited multicolor emission—from blue to orange—across varying pH conditions. These results demonstrate a modular strategy for tuning emission behavior in SBFs through controlled symmetry and functionalization.</p>","PeriodicalId":102,"journal":{"name":"RSC Advances","volume":" 35","pages":" 28492-28499"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/ra/d5ra03628c?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144814192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electrochemical biosensors based on the 3D immobilization of capture probes for influenza virus detection","authors":"Hyo Won Kim, Ae Sol Lee and Chang Sup Kim","doi":"10.1039/D5RA03744A","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5RA03744A","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Influenza viruses pose a significant global health threat, particularly to vulnerable groups such as young children, the elderly, and individuals with underlying health conditions. Accurate and early detection is vital for effective disease management and the prevention of viral transmission. However, traditional diagnostic methods, including viral cultures, rapid antigen detection, and polymerase chain reaction, often face limitations associated with their sensitivity, turnaround time, cost, and/or accessibility, which hinder their effectiveness in real-world settings. Electrochemical biosensors have recently gained attention as innovative diagnostic tools because they deliver highly sensitive and specific results quickly, making them ideal for point-of-care testing. Incorporating three-dimensional (3D) structured materials can enhance biosensor performance by expanding the binding surface area for biorecognition probes and optimizing signal transduction mechanisms. This review highlights the current understanding of influenza viruses and presents the latest developments in electrochemical biosensing technologies. We emphasize the integration of materials such as metal nanoparticles, carbon-based materials, and metal–organic and covalent–organic framework-based materials that can provide 3D surfaces. These strategies enable the sensitive and selective detection of multiple influenza strains. The development of 3D probe immobilization technologies and biosensor engineering has shown promise for practical clinical implementation and large-scale diagnostic use, potentially contributing to improved influenza surveillance and public health outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":102,"journal":{"name":"RSC Advances","volume":" 35","pages":" 28565-28580"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/ra/d5ra03744a?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144814198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of theophylline on vascular tissue in a model of oxidative stress induced by titanium dioxide nanoparticles.","authors":"F M Treviño-González, R M Chávez-Morales, F P Pacheco-Moisés, G G Ortz, H A González-Ponce, A G Valdivia-Flores, M C Martínez-Saldaña","doi":"10.1093/toxres/tfaf079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/toxres/tfaf079","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":105,"journal":{"name":"Toxicology Research","volume":"14 4","pages":"tfaf079"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12343071/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144843815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Zn@Sn powder anode for side reaction-resistant and stable aqueous zinc-ion batteries.","authors":"Fuliang Chen, Chao Han, Haiying Lu, Zewei Hu, Yunqi Gao, Qingqing Zheng, Yuju Qi, Jiayao Wang, Weijie Li","doi":"10.1039/d5cc03677a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5cc03677a","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Zn powder enables flexible and mass-tunable anodes, but suffers from dendrite growth and interfacial instability. Here, Sn nanoparticles are <i>in situ</i> anchored on Zn powder to suppress side reactions and promote uniform Zn deposition, enhancing reversibility and cycling stability in aqueous Zn-ion batteries.</p>","PeriodicalId":67,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Communications","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144853967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"P4Se3 IMC: a new frontier in nanoelectronics","authors":"Alia Jabeen and Abdul Majid","doi":"10.1039/D5RA04194E","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5RA04194E","url":null,"abstract":"<p >This study examines the fundamental electronic, structural and quantum transport properties of a novel inorganic molecular crystal (IMC), considering both the three-dimensional (3D) bulk and two-dimensional (2D) surfaces/slabs with (001) and (110) surface terminations. The structural properties and bonding analysis carried out using electronegativity differences, bond length analysis, and the Pauling formula reveal strong 3D anisotropy in the bonding of the structure, characterized by strong intramolecular bonding in the distinct molecular units and weak Van der Waals (vdW) interactions between them, confirming the IMC nature of the material. These results were also confirmed by interaction studies, <em>i.e.</em> periodic energy decomposition analysis (pEDA-NOCV). Electronic structure computation reveals that the bulk and slab-(110) exhibited semiconducting behavior with band gaps of ∼1.54 eV and 0.9 eV, respectively. However, the slab-(001) surface termination corresponds to a narrow band gap of ∼0.54 eV. Considering this key feature, the potential of slab-(001) as a nano-electronic device was investigated using the non-equilibrium Green's function (NEGF) strategy. Investigation of frontier orbitals, current–voltage (<em>I</em>–<em>V</em>) characteristics, and transmission spectra shows the promising field-effect transistor (FET) behavior of the slab-(001) indicating its potential for implementation in nano-scale electronic devices.</p>","PeriodicalId":102,"journal":{"name":"RSC Advances","volume":" 35","pages":" 28524-28537"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/ra/d5ra04194e?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144814194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"2-[2,6-Bis(4,4′-difluorobenzhydryl)-4-methylphenylimino]-3-aryliminobutylnickel complex precatalysts tuning polyethylene elastomers with different molecular weights","authors":"Dongzhi Zhu, Qiuyue Zhang, Dedong Jia, Yanping Ma and Wen-Hua Sun","doi":"10.1039/D5RA04501K","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5RA04501K","url":null,"abstract":"<p >A series of 2-[2,6-bis(4,4′-difluorobenzhydryl)-4-methylphenylimino]-3-aryliminobutylnickel complexes was synthesized and fully characterized using FT-IR, elemental analysis, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction in the case of <strong>Ni1</strong>. The structural analysis revealed significant deviation from ideal tetrahedral geometry. When activated with MAO, these complexes demonstrated superior catalytic performance compared to previously reported unsymmetrical 2,3-bis(arylimino)butylnickel analogs. The optimized system, incorporating <em>ortho</em>-difluorobenzhydryl and <em>para</em>-methyl electron-donating groups, achieved an exceptional activity of 26.56 × 10<small>⁶</small> g(PE) mol<small>⁻¹</small> (Ni) h<small>⁻¹</small>. The resulting polyethylenes exhibited a broad spectrum of microstructures, ranging from semi-crystalline to nearly amorphous, with unimodal ultra-high molecular weights (<em>M</em><small>_w</small>: 4.33–26.72 × 10<small>⁵</small> g mol<small>⁻¹</small>) and tunable branching degrees (62–200/1000 C) achieved through a controlled chain-walking mechanism. The unique balance of molecular weight and crystalline-amorphous regions in these polymers translated to outstanding mechanical properties, including tensile strengths of 1.68–13.42 MPa, elongations at break of 388–529%, and elastic recoveries of 21–73%. Notably, the <strong>Ni1</strong>/Et<small>₂</small>AlCl catalyst system demonstrated enhanced thermal stability for ethylene polymerization, achieving a higher activity of 2.56 × 10<small>⁶</small> g(PE) mol<small>⁻¹</small> (Ni) h<small>⁻¹</small> at 90 °C compared to 1.94 × 10<small>⁶</small> g(PE) mol<small>⁻¹</small> (Ni) h<small>⁻¹</small> at 70 °C for <strong>Ni1</strong>/MAO. However, the polymers produced with <strong>Ni1</strong>/Et<small>₂</small>AlCl exhibited lower molecular weights (2.67–10.90 × 10<small>⁵</small> g mol<small>⁻¹</small>) and inferior mechanical properties, underscoring the critical role of molecular weight in determining material properties.</p>","PeriodicalId":102,"journal":{"name":"RSC Advances","volume":" 35","pages":" 28601-28612"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/ra/d5ra04501k?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144814219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recent advances in smart responsive hydrogel microspheres for tissue regeneration: preparation, characteristics and applications.","authors":"Zijian Wu, Guang Shi, Luhao Li, Zhenzhou Piao, Junwu Wang, Renxin Chen, Zhuowen Hao, Zheyuan Zhang, Zouwei Li, Yilong Huang, Jingfeng Li","doi":"10.1039/d5mh01020a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5mh01020a","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The tissue engineering strategy represents a balanced and dynamic approach that utilizes various tissue cells, bio-scaffolds and bio-agents (such as cells and drugs) to facilitate tissue repair and regeneration. Hydrogel microspheres (HMS), distinguished by their unique micrometer-scale spherical architecture featuring high specific surface area, high porosity, and low invasiveness, coupled with advantageous biochemical properties including biocompatibility, biodegradability, hydrophilicity, and lubricity, are regarded as promising bio-scaffolds in tissue engineering. Notably, smart responsive hydrogel microspheres (SRHMS) can intelligently release bio-agents to actively promote tissue regeneration in response to internal or external stimuli, in a spatiotemporally controlled manner. As a result, SRHMS have attracted escalating attention for their application potential in tissue engineering. This review summarizes recent advancements in SRHMS applications within tissue engineering, emphasizing their fabrication processes, functional characteristics, and therapeutic applications across diverse domains such as bone, cartilage, skin, nerve, and cardiac tissue engineering.</p>","PeriodicalId":87,"journal":{"name":"Materials Horizons","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144820106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}