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Role of tunneling nanotubes in neuroglia. 隧道纳米管在神经胶质细胞中的作用。

IF 5.9 2区医学

Neural Regeneration Research Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-03-25 DOI: 10.4103/NRR.NRR-D-24-01129

Weichen Xu, Xingyu Yang, Hongmei Zheng, Changzheng Chen, Jiajia Yuan

{"title":"Role of tunneling nanotubes in neuroglia.","authors":"Weichen Xu, Xingyu Yang, Hongmei Zheng, Changzheng Chen, Jiajia Yuan","doi":"10.4103/NRR.NRR-D-24-01129","DOIUrl":"10.4103/NRR.NRR-D-24-01129","url":null,"abstract":"Tunneling nanotubes are crucial structures for cellular communication and are observed in a variety of cell types. Glial cells, the most abundant cells in the nervous system, play a vital role in intercellular signaling and can show abnormal activation under pathological conditions. Our bibliometric analysis indicated a substantial increase in research on tunneling nanotubes over the past two decades, highlighting their important role in cellular communication. This review focuses on the formation of tunneling nanotubes in various types of glial cells, including astrocytes, microglia, glioma cells, and Schwann cells, as well as their roles in cellular communication and cargo transport. We found that glial cells influence the stability of the neural system and play a role in nerve regeneration through tunneling nanotubes. Tunneling nanotubes facilitate the transmission and progression of diseases by transporting pathogens and harmful substances. However, they are also involved in alleviating cellular stress by removing toxins and delivering essential nutrients. Understanding the interactions between glial cells through tunneling nanotubes could provide valuable insights into the complex neural networks that govern brain function and responses to injury.","PeriodicalId":19113,"journal":{"name":"Neural Regeneration Research","volume":" ","pages":"1023-1036"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143720602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Plasticity meets regeneration during innate spinal cord repair. 先天脊髓修复过程中可塑性与再生相适应。

IF 5.9 2区医学

Neural Regeneration Research Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-03-25 DOI: 10.4103/NRR.NRR-D-24-01197

Amruta Tendolkar, Mayssa H Mokalled

引用次数: 0

Lysophosphatidic acid signaling: Transmembrane modulators in the central nervous system. 溶血磷脂酸信号：中枢神经系统的跨膜调节剂。

IF 5.9 2区医学

Neural Regeneration Research Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-03-25 DOI: 10.4103/NRR.NRR-D-24-01465

Alexandra Polyzou, Alexandros K Tsiouris, Charalampos Labrakakis, Britta J Eickholt, George Leondaritis

引用次数: 0

Human cerebral organoids: Complex, versatile, and human-relevant models of neural development and brain diseases. 人脑类器官：神经发育和脑部疾病的复杂、通用和与人类相关的模型。

IF 5.9 2区医学

Neural Regeneration Research Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-05-06 DOI: 10.4103/NRR.NRR-D-24-01639

Raquel Coronel, Rosa González-Sastre, Patricia Mateos-Martínez, Laura Maeso, Elena Llorente-Beneyto, Sabela Martín-Benito, Viviana S Costa Gagosian, Leonardo Foti, Ma Carmen González-Caballero, Victoria López-Alonso, Isabel Liste

{"title":"Human cerebral organoids: Complex, versatile, and human-relevant models of neural development and brain diseases.","authors":"Raquel Coronel, Rosa González-Sastre, Patricia Mateos-Martínez, Laura Maeso, Elena Llorente-Beneyto, Sabela Martín-Benito, Viviana S Costa Gagosian, Leonardo Foti, Ma Carmen González-Caballero, Victoria López-Alonso, Isabel Liste","doi":"10.4103/NRR.NRR-D-24-01639","DOIUrl":"10.4103/NRR.NRR-D-24-01639","url":null,"abstract":"The brain is the most complex human organ, and commonly used models, such as two-dimensional-cell cultures and animal brains, often lack the sophistication needed to accurately use in research. In this context, human cerebral organoids have emerged as valuable tools offering a more complex, versatile, and human-relevant system than traditional animal models, which are often unable to replicate the intricate architecture and functionality of the human brain. Since human cerebral organoids are a state-of-the-art model for the study of neurodevelopment and different pathologies affecting the brain, this field is currently under constant development, and work in this area is abundant. In this review, we give a complete overview of human cerebral organoids technology, starting from the different types of protocols that exist to generate different human cerebral organoids. We continue with the use of brain organoids for the study of brain pathologies, highlighting neurodevelopmental, psychiatric, neurodegenerative, brain tumor, and infectious diseases. Because of the potential value of human cerebral organoids, we describe their use in transplantation, drug screening, and toxicology assays. We also discuss the technologies available to study cell diversity and physiological characteristics of organoids. Finally, we summarize the limitations that currently exist in the field, such as the development of vasculature and microglia, and highlight some of the novel approaches being pursued through bioengineering.","PeriodicalId":19113,"journal":{"name":"Neural Regeneration Research","volume":" ","pages":"837-854"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144020784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Schizophrenia: Genetics, neurological mechanisms, and therapeutic approaches. 精神分裂症：遗传学、神经机制和治疗方法。

IF 5.9 2区医学

Neural Regeneration Research Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-05-06 DOI: 10.4103/NRR.NRR-D-24-01375

Debbie Xiu En Lim, Shi Yun Yeo, Zhen You Ashley Chia, Aaron Zefrin Fernandis, Jimmy Lee, John Jia En Chua

{"title":"Schizophrenia: Genetics, neurological mechanisms, and therapeutic approaches.","authors":"Debbie Xiu En Lim, Shi Yun Yeo, Zhen You Ashley Chia, Aaron Zefrin Fernandis, Jimmy Lee, John Jia En Chua","doi":"10.4103/NRR.NRR-D-24-01375","DOIUrl":"10.4103/NRR.NRR-D-24-01375","url":null,"abstract":"Schizophrenia is a complex psychiatric disorder marked by positive and negative symptoms, leading to mood disturbances, cognitive impairments, and social withdrawal. While anti-psychotic medications remain the cornerstone of treatment, they often fail to fully address certain symptoms. Additionally, treatment-resistant schizophrenia, affecting 30%-40% of patients, remains a substantial clinical challenge. Positive, negative symptoms and cognitive impairments have been linked to disruptions in the glutamatergic, serotonin, GABAergic, and muscarinic pathways in the brain. Recent advances using genome-wide association study and other approaches have uncovered a significant number of new schizophrenia risk genes that uncovered new, and reinforced prior, concepts on the genetic and neurological underpinnings of schizophrenia, including abnormalities in synaptic function, immune processes, and lipid metabolism. Concurrently, new therapeutics targeting different modalities, which are expected to address some of the limitations of anti-psychotic drugs currently being offered to patients, are currently being evaluated. Collectively, these efforts provide new momentum for the next phase of schizophrenia research and treatment.","PeriodicalId":19113,"journal":{"name":"Neural Regeneration Research","volume":" ","pages":"1089-1103"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144036518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Corrigendum: Epalrestat protects against diabetic peripheral neuropathy by alleviating oxidative stress and inhibiting polyol pathway. 勘误：依帕司他通过减轻氧化应激和抑制多元醇途径保护糖尿病周围神经病变。

IF 5.9 2区医学

Neural Regeneration Research Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-17 DOI: 10.4103/NRR.NRR-D-25-00562

引用次数: 0

Regulation of dendrite and axon growth and arborization by CD40L-reverse signaling: Interrelationships among JNK, PKC, and ERK1/2 signaling pathways. cd40l -反向信号对树突和轴突生长和树杈的调节：JNK、PKC和ERK1/2信号通路之间的相互关系

IF 5.9 2区医学

Neural Regeneration Research Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-29 DOI: 10.4103/NRR.NRR-D-24-01171

Paulina Carriba

引用次数: 0

Integrating carboxytherapy and hypochlorous acid: a novel molecular approach harnessing the Bohr effect for diabetic foot ulcer treatment. 整合羧酸和次氯酸：一种利用玻尔效应治疗糖尿病足溃疡的新分子方法。

IF 3

Medical Gas Research Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-28 DOI: 10.4103/mgr.MEDGASRES-D-25-00036

Maher Monir Akl, Maya M El-Samnody, Amr Ahmed

引用次数: 0

Muscle oxygenation regulation in physical therapy and rehabilitation. 肌肉氧合调节在物理治疗和康复。

IF 3

Medical Gas Research Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-28 DOI: 10.4103/mgr.MEDGASRES-D-24-00149

Yih-Kuen Jan, W Catherine Cheung

{"title":"Muscle oxygenation regulation in physical therapy and rehabilitation.","authors":"Yih-Kuen Jan, W Catherine Cheung","doi":"10.4103/mgr.MEDGASRES-D-24-00149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/mgr.MEDGASRES-D-24-00149","url":null,"abstract":"Skeletal muscle oxygenation reflects the balance between oxygen delivery from the microcirculation and oxygen consumption of the muscle cells. Oxygenation in the muscle tissue is an essential factor in muscle contractions for performing activities of daily living and exercise as well as muscle tissue viability. It is until the development of near-infrared spectroscopy for providing a noninvasive, continuous monitoring of muscle oxygenation. The principle of near-infrared spectroscopy is to use light property to assess oxygenation based on the appearance of oxygenated blood in red and deoxygenated blood in darker red to black. To date, there is no comprehensive review focusing on muscle oxygenation regulation and its applications in physical therapy and rehabilitation. The objectives of this comprehensive review are to: 1) highlight the recent technical advances in near-infrared spectroscopytechnology for rehabilitation researchers, 2) present the advances in pathophysiological research in muscle oxygenation, and 3) evaluate findings and evidence of recent physical therapy and rehabilitation studies on improving muscle oxygenation. The review also evaluates findings and evidence of aerobic exercise, resistance exercise, contrast bath therapy, wound healing, cupping therapy, stretching, and electrical stimulation on muscle oxygen in healthy adults and patients with cardiovascular diseases. The use of near-infrared spectroscopy allows the assessment of muscle oxidative metabolism for personalized rehabilitation and exercise training.","PeriodicalId":18559,"journal":{"name":"Medical Gas Research","volume":"16 1","pages":"66-75"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144528827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Dysregulated insulin signaling and inflammation contribute to the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease: From animal models to human cells. 失调的胰岛素信号和炎症有助于阿尔茨海默病的发病机制：从动物模型到人类细胞。

IF 5.9 2区医学

Neural Regeneration Research Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-24 DOI: 10.4103/NRR.NRR-D-24-01591

Marcus Elo Rytter, Cecilie Amalie Brøgger Svane, Joachim Størling, Wenqiang Chen

引用次数: 0