Chinese Herbal Medicines最新文献

{"title":"Effects of Xiaoyao San on exercise capacity and liver mitochondrial metabolomics in rat depression model","authors":"Weidi Zhao ,&nbsp;Cui Ji ,&nbsp;Jie Zheng ,&nbsp;Shi Zhou ,&nbsp;Junsheng Tian ,&nbsp;Yumei Han ,&nbsp;Xuemei Qin","doi":"10.1016/j.chmed.2023.09.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chmed.2023.09.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effects of Xiaoyao San (XYS), a herbal medicine formula, on exercise capacity and liver mitochondrial metabolomics in a rat model of depression induced by chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS).</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A total of 24 male SD rats were randomly divided into four groups: control group (C), CUMS control group (M), Venlafaxine positive treatment group (V), and XYS treatment group (X). Depressive behaviour and exercise capacity of rats were assessed by body weight, sugar-water preference test, open field test, pole test, and rotarod test. The liver mitochondria metabolomics were analyzed by using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) method. TCMSP database and GeneCards database were used to screen XYS for potential targets for depression, and GO and KEGG enrichment analyses were performed.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Compared with C group, rats in M group showed significantly lower body weight, sugar water preference rate, number of crossing and rearing in the open field test, climbing down time in the pole test, and retention time on the rotarod test (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.01). The above behaviors and exercise capacity indices were significantly modulated in rats in V and X groups compared with M group (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05, 0.01). Compared with C group, a total of 18 different metabolites were changed in the liver mitochondria of rats in M group. Nine different metabolites and six metabolic pathways were regulated in the liver mitochondria of rats in X group compared with M group. The results of network pharmacology showed that 88 intersecting targets for depression and XYS were obtained, among which 15 key targets such as IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF were predicted to be the main differential targets for the treatment of depression. Additionally, a total of 1 553 GO signaling pathways and 181 KEGG signaling pathways were identified, and the main biological pathways were AGE-RAGE signaling pathway, HIF-1 signaling pathway, and calcium signaling pathway.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>XYS treatment could improve depressive symptoms, enhance exercise capacity, positively regulate the changes of mitochondrial metabolites and improve energy metabolism in the liver of depressed rats. These findings suggest that XYS exerts antidepressant effects through multi-target and multi-pathway.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9916,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Herbal Medicines","volume":"16 1","pages":"Pages 132-142"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674638423001053/pdfft?md5=25e4dd637e588532f906c703ab9c5f4f&pid=1-s2.0-S1674638423001053-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138609706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potential efficacy and mechanism of eight mild-natured and bitter-flavored TCMs based on gut microbiota: A review","authors":"Wenquan Su ,&nbsp;Yanan Yang ,&nbsp;Xiaohui Zhao ,&nbsp;Jiale Cheng ,&nbsp;Yuan Li ,&nbsp;Shengxian Wu ,&nbsp;Chongming Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.chmed.2023.08.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chmed.2023.08.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The mild-natured and bitter-flavored traditional Chinese medicines (MB-TCMs) are an important class of TCMs that have been widely used in clinical practice and recognized as safe long-term treatments for chronic diseases. However, as an important class of TCMs, the panorama of pharmacological effects and the mechanisms of MB-TCMs have not been systemically reviewed. Compelling studies have shown that gut microbiota can mediate the therapeutic activity of TCMs and help to elucidate the core principles of TCM medicinal theory. In this systematic review, we found that MB-TCMs commonly participated in the modulation of metabolic syndrome, intestinal inflammation, nervous system disease and cardiovascular system disease in association with promoting the growth of beneficial bacteria <em>Bacteroides</em>, <em>Akkermansia</em>, <em>Lactobacillus</em>, <em>Bifidobacterium</em>, <em>Roseburia</em> as well as inhibiting the proliferation of harmful bacteria <em>Helicobacter</em>, <em>Enterococcus</em>, <em>Desulfovibrio</em> and <em>Escherichia-Shigella</em>. These alterations, correspondingly, enhance the generation of protective metabolites, mainly including short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), bile acid (BAs), 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), indole and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), and inhibit the generation of harmful metabolites, such as proinflammatory factors trimethylamine oxide (TAMO) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS), to further exert multiplicative effects for the maintenance of human health through several different signaling pathways. Altogether, this present review has attempted to comprehensively summarize the relationship between MB-TCMs and gut microbiota by establishing the TCMs-gut microbiota-metabolite-signaling pathway-diseases axis, which may provide new insight into the study of TCM medicinal theories and their clinical applications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9916,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Herbal Medicines","volume":"16 1","pages":"Pages 42-55"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674638423001077/pdfft?md5=086c0458eea82486fd36d89f25b2ec44&pid=1-s2.0-S1674638423001077-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139016776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chemical composition and pharmacological activity of seco-prezizaane-type sesquiterpenes","authors":"Ye Jin ,&nbsp;Yanqing Xie ,&nbsp;Peng Zhang ,&nbsp;Afsar Khan ,&nbsp;Zhihong Zhou ,&nbsp;Lu Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.chmed.2023.06.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chmed.2023.06.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The seco-prezizaane-type sesquiterpenes (SPS), as a special class of sesquiterpenes with a highly oxidative five-ring cage structure and seven consecutive chiral centers, are isolated from the genus <em>Illicium</em>, which have a variety of biological activities, including neurotoxicity and neurotrophic effects, etc. This review summarizes the chemical constituents and pharmacological effects of SPS, and discusses the potential trend and scope of future research.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9916,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Herbal Medicines","volume":"16 1","pages":"Pages 70-81"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674638423001065/pdfft?md5=b3ce3d2391ed5c6b301c5620be1bb9fa&pid=1-s2.0-S1674638423001065-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139018931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chuanxiong Rhizoma extracts prevent liver fibrosis via targeting CTCF-c-MYC-H19 pathway","authors":"Yajing Li ,&nbsp;Fanghong Li ,&nbsp;Mingning Ding ,&nbsp;Zhi Ma ,&nbsp;Shuo Li ,&nbsp;Jiaorong Qu ,&nbsp;Xiaojiaoyang Li","doi":"10.1016/j.chmed.2023.07.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chmed.2023.07.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>Hepatic fibrosis has been widely considered as a conjoint consequence of almost all chronic liver diseases. <em>Chuanxiong Rhizoma</em> (Chuanxiong in Chinese, CX) is a traditional Chinese herbal product to prevent cerebrovascular, gynecologic and hepatic diseases. Our previous study found that CX extracts significantly reduced collagen contraction force of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). Here, this study aimed to compare the protection of different CX extracts on bile duct ligation (BDL)-induced liver fibrosis and investigate plausible underlying mechanisms.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The active compounds of CX extracts were identified by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Network pharmacology was used to determine potential targets of CX against hepatic fibrosis. Bile duct hyperplasia and liver fibrosis were evaluated by serologic testing and histopathological evaluation. The expression of targets of interest was determined by quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) and Western blot.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Different CX extracts were identified by tetramethylpyrazine, ferulic acid and senkyunolide A. Based on the network pharmacological analysis, 42 overlap targets were obtained via merging the candidates targets of CX and liver fibrosis. Different aqueous, alkaloid and phthalide extracts of CX (CX_AE, CX_AL and CX_PHL) significantly inhibited diffuse severe bile duct hyperplasia and thus suppressed hepatic fibrosis by decreasing CCCTC binding factor (CTCF)-c-MYC-long non-coding RNA H19 (H19) pathway in the BDL-induced mouse model. Meanwhile, CX extracts, especially CX_AL and CX_PHL also suppressed CTCF-c-MYC-H19 pathway and inhibited ductular reaction in cholangiocytes stimulated with taurocholate acid (TCA), lithocholic acid (LCA) and transforming growth factor beta (TGF-<em>β</em>), as illustrated by decreased bile duct proliferation markers.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Our data supported that different CX extracts, especially CX_AL and CX_PHL significantly alleviated hepatic fibrosis and bile duct hyperplasia via inhibiting CTCF-c-MYC-H19 pathway, providing novel insights into the anti-fibrotic mechanism of CX.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9916,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Herbal Medicines","volume":"16 1","pages":"Pages 82-93"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S167463842300103X/pdfft?md5=d8ba39991875e90c9cb536337c0c8aac&pid=1-s2.0-S167463842300103X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139291440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Strategies on biosynthesis and production of bioactive compounds in medicinal plants","authors":"Miaoxian Guo ,&nbsp;Haizhou Lv ,&nbsp;Hongyu Chen ,&nbsp;Shuting Dong ,&nbsp;Jianhong Zhang ,&nbsp;Wanjing Liu ,&nbsp;Liu He ,&nbsp;Yimian Ma ,&nbsp;Hua Yu ,&nbsp;Shilin Chen ,&nbsp;Hongmei Luo","doi":"10.1016/j.chmed.2023.01.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chmed.2023.01.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Medicinal plants are a valuable source of essential medicines and herbal products for healthcare and disease therapy. Compared with chemical synthesis and extraction, the biosynthesis of natural products is a very promising alternative for the successful conservation of medicinal plants, and its rapid development will greatly facilitate the conservation and sustainable utilization of medicinal plants. Here, we summarize the advances in strategies and methods concerning the biosynthesis and production of natural products of medicinal plants. The strategies and methods mainly include genetic engineering, plant cell culture engineering, metabolic engineering, and synthetic biology based on multiple “OMICS” technologies, with paradigms for the biosynthesis of terpenoids and alkaloids. We also highlight the biosynthetic approaches and discuss progress in the production of some valuable natural products, exemplifying compounds such as vindoline (alkaloid), artemisinin and paclitaxel (terpenoids), to illustrate the power of biotechnology in medicinal plants.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9916,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Herbal Medicines","volume":"16 1","pages":"Pages 13-26"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674638423000734/pdfft?md5=e7c0c5117f521c86ee9c1aa10033f232&pid=1-s2.0-S1674638423000734-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46917564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Consensus statement on research and application of Chinese herbal medicine derived extracellular vesicles-like particles (2023 edition)","authors":"Qing Zhao ,&nbsp;Tong Wang ,&nbsp;Hongbin Wang ,&nbsp;Peng Cao ,&nbsp;Chengyu Jiang ,&nbsp;Hongzhi Qiao ,&nbsp;Lihua Peng ,&nbsp;Xingdong Lin ,&nbsp;Yunyao Jiang ,&nbsp;Honglei Jin ,&nbsp;Huantian Zhang ,&nbsp;Shengpeng Wang ,&nbsp;Yang Wang ,&nbsp;Ying Wang ,&nbsp;Xi Chen ,&nbsp;Junbing Fan ,&nbsp;Bo Li ,&nbsp;Geng Li ,&nbsp;Bifeng Liu ,&nbsp;Zhiyang Li ,&nbsp;Kewei Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.chmed.2023.11.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chmed.2023.11.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>To promote the development of extracellular vesicles of herbal medicine especially the establishment of standardization, led by the National Expert Committee on Research and Application of Chinese Herbal Vesicles, research experts in the field of herbal medicine and extracellular vesicles were invited nationwide with the support of the Expert Committee on Research and Application of Chinese Herbal Vesicles, Professional Committee on Extracellular Vesicle Research and Application, Chinese Society of Research Hospitals and the Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Herbal Vesicles. Based on the collation of relevant literature, we have adopted the Delphi method, the consensus meeting method combined with the nominal group method to form a discussion draft of “Consensus statement on research and application of Chinese herbal medicine derived extracellular vesicles-like particles (2023)”. The first draft was discussed in online and offline meetings on October 12, 14, November 2, 2022 and April and May 2023 on the current status of research, nomenclature, isolation methods, quality standards and research applications of extracellular vesicles of Chinese herbal medicines, and 13 consensus opinions were finally formed. At the Third Academic Conference on Research and Application of Chinese Herbal Vesicles, held on May 26, 2023, Kewei Zhao, convenor of the consensus, presented and read the consensus to the experts of the Expert Committee on Research and Application of Chinese Herbal Vesicles. The consensus highlights the characteristics and advantages of Chinese medicine, inherits the essence, and keeps the righteousness and innovation, aiming to provide a reference for colleagues engaged in research and application of Chinese herbal vesicles at home and abroad, decode the mystery behind Chinese herbal vesicles together, establish a safe, effective and controllable accurate Chinese herbal vesicle prevention and treatment system, and build a bridge for Chinese medicine to the world.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9916,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Herbal Medicines","volume":"16 1","pages":"Pages 3-12"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674638423001107/pdfft?md5=bf5fe2945fabc69995f27c440126c3db&pid=1-s2.0-S1674638423001107-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138991419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DNA metabarcoding analysis of fungal community on surface of four root herbs","authors":"Yujie Dao,&nbsp;Jingsheng Yu,&nbsp;Meihua Yang,&nbsp;Jianping Han,&nbsp;Chune Fan,&nbsp;Xiaohui Pang","doi":"10.1016/j.chmed.2023.01.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chmed.2023.01.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p><em>Angelicae Sinensis Radix</em> (ASR, Danggui in Chinese), <em>Cistanches Herba</em> (CH, Roucongrong in Chinese), <em>Ginseng Radix</em> et <em>Rhizoma</em> (PG, Renshen in Chinese), and <em>Panacis Quinquefolii Radix</em> (PQ, Xiyangshen in Chinese), widely used as medicine and dietary supplement around the world, are susceptible to fungal and mycotoxin contamination. In this study, we aim to analyze their fungal community by DNA metabarcoding.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A total of 12 root samples were collected from three main production areas in China. The samples were divided into four groups based on herb species, including ASR, CH, PG, and PQ groups. The fungal community on the surface of four root groups was investigated through DNA metabarcoding via targeting the internal transcribed spacer 2 region (ITS2).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>All the 12 samples were detected with fungal contamination. <em>Rhizopus</em> (13.04%−74.03%), <em>Aspergillus</em> (1.76%−23.92%), and <em>Fusarium</em> (0.26%−15.27%) were the predominant genera. Ten important fungi were identified at the species level, including two potential toxigenic fungi (<em>Penicillium citrinum</em> and <em>P</em>. <em>oxalicum</em>) and eight human pathogenic fungi (<em>Alternaria infectoria</em>, <em>Candida sake</em>, <em>Hyphopichia burtonii</em>, <em>Malassezia globosa</em>, <em>M</em>. <em>restricta</em>, <em>Rhizopus arrhizus</em>, <em>Rhodotorula mucilaginosa</em>, and <em>Ochroconis tshawytschae</em>). Fungal community in ASR and CH groups was significantly different from other groups, while fungal community in PG and PQ groups was relatively similar.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>DNA metabarcoding revealed the fungal community in four important root herbs. This study provided an important reference for preventing root herbs against fungal and mycotoxin contamination.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9916,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Herbal Medicines","volume":"16 1","pages":"Pages 143-150"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674638423000461/pdfft?md5=a057dc5cad3ba0b1c38dea69ba691bd5&pid=1-s2.0-S1674638423000461-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47427595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gain deeper insights into traditional Chinese medicines using multidimensional chromatography combined with chemometric approaches","authors":"Xinyue Yang ,&nbsp;Pingping Zeng ,&nbsp;Jin Wen ,&nbsp;Chuanlin Wang ,&nbsp;Liangyuan Yao ,&nbsp;Min He","doi":"10.1016/j.chmed.2023.07.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chmed.2023.07.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) possess a rich historical background, unique theoretical framework, remarkable therapeutic efficacy, and abundant resources. However, the modernization and internationalization of TCMs have faced significant obstacles due to their diverse ingredients and unknown mechanisms. To gain deeper insights into the phytochemicals and ensure the quality control of TCMs, there is an urgent need to enhance analytical techniques. Currently, two-dimensional (2D) chromatography, which incorporates two independent separation mechanisms, demonstrates superior separation capabilities compared to the traditional one-dimensional (1D) separation system when analyzing TCMs samples. Over the past decade, new techniques have been continuously developed to gain actionable insights from complex samples. This review presents the recent advancements in the application of multidimensional chromatography for the quality evaluation of TCMs, encompassing 2D-gas chromatography (GC), 2D-liquid chromatography (LC), as well as emerging three-dimensional (3D)-GC, 3D-LC, and their associated data-processing approaches. These studies highlight the promising potential of multidimensional chromatographic separation for future phytochemical analysis. Nevertheless, the increased separation capability has resulted in higher-order data sets and greater demands for data-processing tools. Considering that multidimensional chromatography is still a relatively nascent research field, further hardware enhancements and the implementation of chemometric methods are necessary to foster its robust development.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9916,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Herbal Medicines","volume":"16 1","pages":"Pages 27-41"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674638423001004/pdfft?md5=8922549bf8ef791e11211a87f5de8063&pid=1-s2.0-S1674638423001004-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135764295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anemoside B4 inhibits SARS-CoV-2 replication in vitro and in vivo","authors":"Mingyue Xiao ,&nbsp;Ronghua Luo ,&nbsp;Qinghua Liang ,&nbsp;Honglv Jiang ,&nbsp;Yanli Liu ,&nbsp;Guoqiang Xu ,&nbsp;Hongwei Gao ,&nbsp;Yongtang Zheng ,&nbsp;Qiongming Xu ,&nbsp;Shilin Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.chmed.2023.09.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chmed.2023.09.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>Anemoside B4 (AB4), the most abundant triterpenoidal saponin isolated from <em>Pulsatilla chinensis</em>, inhibited influenza virus FM1 or <em>Klebsiella pneumoniae</em>-induced pneumonia. However, the anti-SARS-CoV-2 effect of AB4 has not been unraveled. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the antiviral activity and potential mechanism of AB4 in inhibiting human coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 <em>in vivo</em> and <em>in vitro</em>.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The cytotoxicity of AB4 was evaluated using the Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK8) assay. SARS-CoV-2 infected HEK293T, HPAEpiC, and Vero E6 cells were used for <em>in vitro</em> assays. The antiviral effect of AB4 <em>in vivo</em> was evaluated by SARS-CoV-2-infected hACE2-IRES-luc transgenic mouse model. Furthermore, label-free quantitative proteomics and bioinformatic analysis were performed to explore the potential antiviral mechanism of action of AB4. Type I IFN signaling-associated proteins were assessed using Western blotting or immumohistochemical staining.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The data showed that AB4 reduced the propagation of SARS-CoV-2 along with the decreased Nucleocapsid protein (N), Spike protein (S), and 3C-like protease (3CLpro) in HEK293T cells. <em>In vivo</em> antiviral activity data revealed that AB4 inhibited viral replication and relieved pneumonia in a SARS-CoV-2 infected mouse model. We further disclosed that the antiviral activity of AB4 was associated with the enhanced interferon (IFN)-β response <em>via</em> the activation of retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-1) like receptor (RLP) pathways. Additionally, label-free quantitative proteomic analyses discovered that 17 proteins were significantly altered by AB4 in the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus infections cells. These proteins mainly clustered in RNA metabolism.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Our results indicated that AB4 inhibited SARS-CoV-2 replication through the RLR pathways and moderated the RNA metabolism, suggesting that it would be a potential lead compound for the development of anti-SARS-CoV-2 drugs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9916,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Herbal Medicines","volume":"16 1","pages":"Pages 106-112"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674638423001089/pdfft?md5=a228a84cdfef70160b6bb41e1ac28864&pid=1-s2.0-S1674638423001089-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138993115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Jatonik polyherbal mixture induced rat liver MMPT pore opening in normal Wistar rat: In vitro and in vivo studies","authors":"Olabinri P. Folashade ,&nbsp;Ibrahim Damilare Boyenle ,&nbsp;Tolulope A. Oyedeji ,&nbsp;Fiyinfoluwa Demilade Ojeniyi ,&nbsp;Adisa Ayobami Damilare ,&nbsp;Leonard O. Ehigie ,&nbsp;Adeola Folasade Ehigie","doi":"10.1016/j.chmed.2023.06.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chmed.2023.06.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To assess acute toxicity, the <em>in vitro</em> and <em>in vivo</em> effects of methanol and ethyl acetate extracts (JME and JEE) of Jatonik polyherbal mixture on some mitochondria-related parameters and their effect on the activity of some liver enzymes.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Acute toxicity of JME and JEE was determined using Lorke’s method. <em>In vitro</em> and <em>in vivo</em> opening of the mitochondrial membrane permeability transition pore (MMPT pore) was spectrophotometrically assayed. Production of malondialdehyde (MDA) as an index of lipid peroxidation and the activity of mitochondrial ATPase was evaluated <em>in vitro</em> and <em>in vivo</em> and the effect of JME and JEE on the activity of liver enzymes such as alkaline phosphatase (ALP), aspartate and alanine aminotransferase (AST and ALT) and gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) was also investigated.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>JME had an LD₅₀ of 3 808 mg/kg b.w whereas JEE had an LD₅₀ greater than 5 000 mg/kg b.w. of rats. After the rats have been fed with both extracts, a photomicrograph of a piece of liver tissue showed no apparent symptoms of toxicity. From the <em>in vitro</em> and <em>in vivo</em> studies, both extracts prompted intact mitochondria to open their MMPT pores. When compared to the control, lipid peroxide product release and ATPase activity were significantly increased (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05) <em>in vitro</em> and <em>in vivo</em>. The activities of AST, ALT, and GGT were all reduced at 50 mg/kg when treated with JME, but the activity of AST was considerably enhanced when treated with JEE (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). The results revealed that both JME and JEE of the Jatonik polyherbal mixture had low toxicity, profound MMPTpore induction, and enhanced ATPase activity, but an increased MDA production.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Jatonik extracts may be a promising target for drug development in diseases where there is dysregulation of apoptosis, however, further studies are needed to better clarify the molecular mechanism involved in these phenomena.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9916,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Herbal Medicines","volume":"16 1","pages":"Pages 113-120"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674638423000989/pdfft?md5=f893ba38ab811e15ba73fa8ad1886576&pid=1-s2.0-S1674638423000989-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135809730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}