发布求助
文献互助 智能选刊 最新文献

Ceskoslovenska patologie最新文献

筛选
英文 中文
Pitfalls of extrahepatic bile duct cytology. 肝外胆管细胞学的陷阱。
Ceskoslovenska patologie Pub Date : 2025-01-01
Daniela Kurfürstová, Zuzana Slobodová
{"title":"Pitfalls of extrahepatic bile duct cytology.","authors":"Daniela Kurfürstová, Zuzana Slobodová","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cytological examination of extrahepatic bile ducts represents a challenging diagnostic field, often limited by sample quality and cellularity. Despite the availability of detailed classifications and cellular morphology descriptions, distinguishing benign from malignant lesions remains difficult in clinical practice. This paper reviews the current WHO classification system for pancreatobiliary cytopathology, with a focus on diagnostic categories specific to extrahepatic bile ducts. It discusses typical cytomorphological features, differential diagnoses, and the use of ancillary techniques such as immunohistochemistry and FISH, which may enhance diagnostic sensitivity and specificity. The importance of clinical context and interdisciplinary collaboration in cytological interpretation is emphasized.</p>","PeriodicalId":9861,"journal":{"name":"Ceskoslovenska patologie","volume":"61 3","pages":"142-147"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145307034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Machine learning in digital pathology. 数字病理学中的机器学习。
Ceskoslovenska patologie Pub Date : 2025-01-01
Tomáš Brázdil, Vít Musil, Karel Štěpka, Adam Kukučka, Rudolf Nenutil, Adam Bajger, Petr Holub
{"title":"Machine learning in digital pathology.","authors":"Tomáš Brázdil, Vít Musil, Karel Štěpka, Adam Kukučka, Rudolf Nenutil, Adam Bajger, Petr Holub","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>With the advancing digitalization of pathology, the application of machine learning and artificial intelligence methods is becoming increasingly important. Research and development in this field are progressing rapidly, but the clinical implementation of learning systems still lags behind. The aim of this text is to provide an overview of the process of developing and deploying learning systems in digital pathology. We begin by describing the fundamental characteristics of data produced in digital pathology. Specifically, we discuss scanners and sample scanning, data storage and transmission, quality control, and preparation for processing by learning systems, with a particular focus on annotations. Our goal is to present current approaches to addressing technical challenges while also highlighting potential pitfalls in processing digital pathology data. In the first part of the text, we also outline existing software solutions for viewing scanned samples and implementing diagnostic procedures that incorporate learning systems. In the second part of the text, we describe common tasks in digital pathology and outline typical approaches to solving them. Here, we explain the necessary modifications to standard machine learning methods for processing large scans and discuss specific diagnostic applications. Finally, we provide a brief overview of the potential future development of learning systems in digital pathology. We illustrate the transition to large foundational models and introduce the topic of virtual staining of samples. We hope that this text will contribute to a better understanding of the rapidly evolving field of machine learning in digital pathology and, in turn, facilitate the faster adoption of learning-based methods in this domain.</p>","PeriodicalId":9861,"journal":{"name":"Ceskoslovenska patologie","volume":"61 2","pages":"58-69"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144788381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Solitary fibrous tumor of the pancreas in a patient with tumor duplicity: a case report. 单发胰腺纤维性肿瘤伴肿瘤双重性1例报告。
Ceskoslovenska patologie Pub Date : 2025-01-01
Jan Hrudka, Václav Eis, Radoslav Matěj
{"title":"Solitary fibrous tumor of the pancreas in a patient with tumor duplicity: a case report.","authors":"Jan Hrudka, Václav Eis, Radoslav Matěj","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This case report describes a 71-year-old male patient in whom a solitary fibrous tumor (SFT) of the pancreatic tail was incidentally discovered during staging of chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma (B-CLL/SLL). The patient also had a history of excised malignant melanoma. SFT is a mesenchymal neoplasm characterized by NAB2::STAT6 gene fusion, STAT6 and CD34 immunohistochemical positivity, and unclear biological behavior. In this case, the tumor was a firm, well-circumscribed spindle cell lesion without cytologic atypia, necrosis, or significant mitotic activity, showing strong diffuse STAT6 and CD34 expression. According to WHO classification criteria, it was classified as a low-risk SFT with respect to metastatic potential. The diagnosis of SFT is based on characteristic morphology and nuclear expression of STAT6, which helps distinguish it from a broad spectrum of CD34-positive mesenchymal lesions. The article discusses relevant differential diagnoses and highlights the molecular basis of SFT, including the prognostic implications of different NAB2::STAT6 fusion variants and the association of TERT promoter mutations with more aggressive behavior. Although pancreatic SFT is rare, similar cases have been reported in the literature. From a clinical standpoint, accurate risk stratification for recurrence or metastasis is essential. Several scoring systems have been proposed and validated, including the one adopted in the WHO classification, which considers tumor size, mitotic rate, necrosis, and patient age. In this case, the tumor was completely resected, and the patient has remained disease-free with no signs of SFT recurrence or B-CLL/SLL progression more than six months after surgery.</p>","PeriodicalId":9861,"journal":{"name":"Ceskoslovenska patologie","volume":"61 3","pages":"159-164"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145306986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Papillary Breast Lesions: Diagnostic Challenges and Overview of Entities. 乳头状乳腺病变：诊断挑战和实体概述。
Ceskoslovenska patologie Pub Date : 2025-01-01
Zuzana Slobodová
{"title":"Papillary Breast Lesions: Diagnostic Challenges and Overview of Entities.","authors":"Zuzana Slobodová","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Papillary breast lesions represent a morphologically and biologically diverse group of entities that include benign intraductal papillomas, papillomas with atypical ductal hyperplasia, with ductal or lobular carcinoma in situ, papillary ductal carcinoma in situ, encapsulated papillary carcinoma (with or without invasion), solid papillary carcinoma, and invasive papillary carcinoma. Accurate classification is often challenging particularly in core needle biopsies, and even in excision specimens can pose difficulties, especially for less experienced pathologists. This review summarizes the essential histological and immunohistochemical features of each lesion and highlights key diagnostic pitfalls and helpful clues in their differential diagnosis. While genetic testing is not routinely required for diagnostic purposes, recent studies have identified more or less distinct molecular alterations across the spectrum of papillary lesions. These findings may support future refinements in classification and understanding of these tumors.</p>","PeriodicalId":9861,"journal":{"name":"Ceskoslovenska patologie","volume":"61 4","pages":"178-189"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146197105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Current methods in multiplex immunohistochemistry for formalin-fixed tissue samples. 福尔马林固定组织标本多重免疫组化方法的现状。
Ceskoslovenska patologie Pub Date : 2025-01-01
Romana Hendrychová, Kateřina Čížková, Dominik Hraboš, Jan Bouchal
{"title":"Current methods in multiplex immunohistochemistry for formalin-fixed tissue samples.","authors":"Romana Hendrychová, Kateřina Čížková, Dominik Hraboš, Jan Bouchal","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Traditional histopathological methods, such as hematoxylin and eosin staining and chromogenic immunohistochemistry, are still primarily used in clinical practice, however, they are limited in their ability to simultaneously detect multiple biomarkers and analyze spatial relationships between cell populations. These limitations are overcome by multiplex immunohistochemistry (mIHC) methods that allow detailed spatial analysis of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues with detection of multiple epitopes in a single sample. Detailed characterization of immune cell populations within tumor microenvironment has significantly contributed to the development of immunotherapeutic approaches, which have fundamentally transformed the prognosis of many advanced malignancies. Modern multiplex methods use both chromogenic and immunofluorescence detection and include sequential cyclic labeling or tyramine signal amplification techniques. Alternative approaches, such as the use of nucleotide-conjugated antibodies, allow highly specific detection and facilitate quantitative analysis, while mass spectrometry-based approaches enable the profiling of extensive biomarker panels. Despite significant technological advances, the integration of mIHC into routine clinical diagnostics remains challenging, primarily due to the need for standardization, antibody validation, advanced image data analysis integration, and the regulation of laboratory-developed tests. With the continued automation and digitization of pathology, wider use of mIHC in clinical practice can be expected, which could significantly contribute to the deeper characterization of tumors and improved therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":9861,"journal":{"name":"Ceskoslovenska patologie","volume":"61 4","pages":"210-220"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146197135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Unusual histopathologic finding in axillary lymph node in patient with invasive breast carcinoma NST: Case report and literature review. 浸润性乳腺癌NST患者腋窝淋巴结异常病理表现：1例报告及文献复习。
Ceskoslovenska patologie Pub Date : 2025-01-01
Dominika Fritzová, Dominik Hraboš, Martina Navrátilová, Daniela Skanderová, Daniela Kurfürstová
{"title":"Unusual histopathologic finding in axillary lymph node in patient with invasive breast carcinoma NST: Case report and literature review.","authors":"Dominika Fritzová, Dominik Hraboš, Martina Navrátilová, Daniela Skanderová, Daniela Kurfürstová","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lymph nodes are routinely examined during the staging of malignant tumors, particularly those of epithelial origin. The assessment of metastatic involvement, especially of sentinel or regional lymph nodes, is absolutely crucial for the appropriate clinical management of patients. However, lymph nodes can also harbor other lesions that must be taken into consideration during differential diagnosis-not only reactive lymphadenopathy, but also less common findings, such as epithelial inclusions or heterotopic occurrence of certain tissues. In this paper we demonstrate the importance of such findings in two cases from our institution, accompanied by a brief review of the published literature focusing on the differential diagnosis of axillary lymph node lesions. We present case reports of findings in the axillary lymph nodes of two female patients with invasive breast carcinoma of NST type.</p>","PeriodicalId":9861,"journal":{"name":"Ceskoslovenska patologie","volume":"61 4","pages":"201-205"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146197121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Idiopathic Neonatal Hepatitis: Clinical and Pathomorphological Analysis. 特发性新生儿肝炎：临床和病理形态学分析。
Ceskoslovenska patologie Pub Date : 2025-01-01
Roman Hai, Ján Bajaj, Jakub Bízik, Filip Babiak, Martin Janík, Ubomír Straka
{"title":"Idiopathic Neonatal Hepatitis: Clinical and Pathomorphological Analysis.","authors":"Roman Hai, Ján Bajaj, Jakub Bízik, Filip Babiak, Martin Janík, Ubomír Straka","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Neonatal hepatitis is a rare but serious liver disease in infants during the first year of life. The term \"neonatal hepatitis\" refers to infectious liver damage that develops either in utero or during the first three months after birth. The timing of disease onset varies significantly depending on the etiology and is determined by the gestational period during which the fetus was infected as well as the incubation period. Therefore, in some cases, symptoms may appear almost immediately after birth, and in others - weeks or even months later.</p>","PeriodicalId":9861,"journal":{"name":"Ceskoslovenska patologie","volume":"70 4","pages":"34-37"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146194208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The way to the diagnosis of alveolar proteinosis: what is decisive? 肺泡蛋白沉积症的诊断方法：什么是决定性的？
Ceskoslovenska patologie Pub Date : 2025-01-01
Mária Makovická, Adela Vrbenská, Brigita Javorská, Barbora Durcová, Peter Makovický, Jozef Škarda, Jozef Muri
{"title":"The way to the diagnosis of alveolar proteinosis: what is decisive?","authors":"Mária Makovická, Adela Vrbenská, Brigita Javorská, Barbora Durcová, Peter Makovický, Jozef Škarda, Jozef Muri","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this article, we describe the course and diagnosis of pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP) based on two cases from our practice. The first case is a 52-yearold woman, the second a 34-year-old man. Both referred patients were examined by a pulmonologist for interstitial lung disease, in the first case also with transition to pulmonary fibrosis. As part of the differential diagnosis, these patients were hospitalized at the NÚTPCHaHCH in Vyšné Hágy. Chest X-ray showed diffuse bilateral lung infiltrates, in the first patient locally confluent. Chest CT showed parenchymal involvement of the lungs with bilateral ground-glass opacities with thickened interlobular septa (crazy paving). Bronchoscopic examination was performed in both patients with bronchoalveolar lavage, which had a characteristic milky-glazed appearance. Videothoracoscopic lung biopsy was additionally indicated and histopathologically there were pulmonary alveolar proteinosis confirmed. Therapeutically, the patients underwent large volume lung lavage, with clinical condition improvement, including radiological findings improvement. We point out the basic pillars of the diagnosis of pulmonary alveolar proteinosis, which are the pattern of pulmonary involvement in the radiographic and CT (or HRCT) images, the characteristic appearance of the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, and additionally also the histopathologic pattern of pulmonary involvement in this disease. We emphasize the need for centralized management of patients with lung diseases, which is particularly urgent in cases of rare diseases, where it provides rapid availability of all relevant diagnostic and therapeutic options, including large-volume lung lavage.</p>","PeriodicalId":9861,"journal":{"name":"Ceskoslovenska patologie","volume":"61 1","pages":"36-42"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144207787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Predictive factors assessment in breast cancer treatment. 乳腺癌治疗的预测因素评估。
Ceskoslovenska patologie Pub Date : 2025-01-01
Magdalena Hudcová, Bohuslav Melichar
{"title":"Predictive factors assessment in breast cancer treatment.","authors":"Magdalena Hudcová, Bohuslav Melichar","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Breast cancer is the most common type of solid tumors in women. Breast cancer treatment at each stage of the disease is based on results describing genetic changes present in the tumor cells. Since breast cancer is not a homogeneous disease, its treatment approaches differ with respect to individual subgroups of breast cancer defined at the basic level by the expression of hormone receptors, HER2 receptor and Ki-67 marker. More recently described genetic changes in breast cancer cells significantly expand the treatment options, but on the other hand mean new challenges and demands in the further investigation of tumor samples. The following is a brief overview of prognostic and predictive markers used in breast cancer. The evaluation of these markers is in the hands of pathologists.</p>","PeriodicalId":9861,"journal":{"name":"Ceskoslovenska patologie","volume":"61 4","pages":"195-200"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146197126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Immunohistochemical assessment of HER2 protein in breast carcinomas - current status. 乳腺癌中HER2蛋白的免疫组织化学评估-现状。
Ceskoslovenska patologie Pub Date : 2025-01-01
Pavel Fabian
{"title":"Immunohistochemical assessment of HER2 protein in breast carcinomas - current status.","authors":"Pavel Fabian","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The existing HER2 immunohistochemistry testing is currently experiencing changes in its scoring caused by the recent clinical trials results, especially DESTINY Breast 04 and 06. These trials demonstrated that any detectable immunohistochemical positivity of HER2 protein on tumor cells is a predictor of response to the new antibody-drug conjugate trastuzumab deruxtecan. These studies introduced new terms \"HER2 low\" and later \"HER2 ultralow\" to distinguish subgroups within the original category \"HER2 negative\", which quickly became accepted in clinical practice. This article aims to explain these new terms and present Czech and international expert recommendations for testing and reporting of HER2 immunohistochemistry in relation to these new categories.</p>","PeriodicalId":9861,"journal":{"name":"Ceskoslovenska patologie","volume":"61 4","pages":"190-194"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146197144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
首页 上一页 下一页 尾页
0
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
提示
您的信息不完整，为了账户安全，请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
现在去查看 取消
×
提示
确定
请完成安全验证×
相关产品
×
本文献相关产品
联系我们：info@booksci.cn Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务，方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。 Copyright © 2023 布克学术 All rights reserved.
京ICP备2023020795号-1
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号：604180095
Book学术官方微信
小红书