Ceskoslovenska patologie最新文献

Atypical Endometriosis - An Overview of the Issue and Personal Experiences.

Ceskoslovenska patologie Pub Date : 2025-01-01

Jiří Lenz

{"title":"Atypical Endometriosis - An Overview of the Issue and Personal Experiences.","authors":"Jiří Lenz","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Endometriosis is a chronic, estrogen-dependent, inflammatory disease characterized by the growth of endometriotic tissue outside the uterus. Among the wide spectrum of clinical manifestations of endometriosis, chronic pelvic pain, dysmenorrhea, dyspareunia and subfertility are the main symptoms that significantly reduce the quality of life of affected women. Despite the fact that endometriosis is considered a benign disease, it shares some features typical of malignant tumors. One of them is abnormal morphology, which indicates atypia of the glandular epithelium without signs of hyperplasia, or it may be glandular hyperplasia, which may or may not be accompanied by cellular atypia. This situation is reflected in the term atypical endometriosis, the diagnosis of which is not easy. Cellular atypia of a severe degree can be of reactive origin, so the mutual differentiation of dysplastic and reactive changes in endometriotic tissue is limited and problematic. Our working group from the scientific center for the treatment of endometriosis at the Znojmo Hospital recently dealt with atypical endometriosis and pointed out the potential utility of immunohistochemistry in its diagnosing. Using a simple immunohistochemical panel with antibodies against estrogen receptors, progesterone receptors, and the tumor suppressor p53, we found significantly lower levels of hormone receptor expression and increased p53 expression in atypical endometriosis compared to normal (typical) endometriosis. Due to the low number of cases analyzed and the inconsistent results of studies dealing with hormone receptors (and other markers) in atypical endometriosis, the usefulness of the immunohistochemical panel described in our study must be verified on a larger number of cases. In routine histopathological practice, atypical endometriosis is not a well-known entity. However, it is important to become familiar with it because its presence is associated with a higher incidence of a certain group of tumors known as endometriosis-associated cancers, especially endometrioid carcinoma and clear cell carcinoma.","PeriodicalId":9861,"journal":{"name":"Ceskoslovenska patologie","volume":"60 4","pages":"185-192"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143633859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Molecular detection of infectious agents in the pathology laboratory.

Ceskoslovenska patologie Pub Date : 2025-01-01

Kateřina Černá, Radek Šíma, Jana Němcová

引用次数: 0

16S, 18S gene, and ITS region Sequencing: Expanded Applications in Pathology Diagnostics and Research.

Ceskoslovenska patologie Pub Date : 2025-01-01

Veronika Prousková, Iva Dolinová, Kateřina Štillerová, Tomáš Klinger, Tomáš Jirásek

引用次数: 0

Disseminated HSV1 infection in a newborn - case report.

Ceskoslovenska patologie Pub Date : 2025-01-01

Magdaléna Daumová, Jiřina Herlíková, Jiří Fremuth, Lumír Šašek, Martin Matas, Šárka Hadravská

引用次数: 0

Solitary fibrous tumor of thyroid: Case report. 甲状腺单发纤维瘤：病例报告

Ceskoslovenska patologie Pub Date : 2024-01-01

Jiří Dušek

{"title":"Solitary fibrous tumor of thyroid: Case report.","authors":"Jiří Dušek","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Solitary fibrous tumour is a relatively rare soft tissue fibroblastic tumour, accounting for approximately 2% of soft tissue tumours. It has been described primarily as a tumour of the pleural cavity; however, up to 70% of cases occur elsewhere, in any anatomical location, which can make diagnosis difficult. If this is the diagnosis being considered, the STAT6 antibody is currently available with high sensitivity and specificity. In this paper we describe the case of a 72-year-old female patient, followed up and treated by an outpatient endocrinologist for a multinodular euthyroid goitre for several years. Due to complete nodular remodelling of the left lobe of the thyroid gland and sonographic findings of several small nodules in the right lobe of the thyroid gland, total thyroidectomy was recommended to the patient. The operation was performed at the ENT department in Jindřichův Hradec Hospital. Material from the operation was subsequently sent for histopathological examination. Several hyperplastic colloid nodules and a small oncocytic adenoma were detected microscopically in the right lobe of the thyroid gland. In the left lobe, an imprecisely delineated, greyish-white lesion measuring 2 x 1.8 x 1.5 cm was observed on the section. Microscopically, the tumour consisted of spindle-shaped cells in a focally hyalinised stroma. In the immunohistochemical examination, tumour cells reacted positively with the CD34 antibody, and negatively with antibodies against thyroglobulin, cytokeratins (CK AE1/AE3) and S100 protein. Further immunohistochemical examinations (Bcl2, CD99, STAT6) with positive results were supplemented upon consultation at a higher facility. Based on morphology and the results of the immunohistochemical examinations, the tumour was diagnosed as a solitary fibrous tumour of the thyroid gland. This is a relatively unusual finding in this location; according to literature, only a few dozen cases have been described.","PeriodicalId":9861,"journal":{"name":"Ceskoslovenska patologie","volume":"60 2","pages":"120-123"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141975187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Histopathology of skin melanocytic lesions. 皮肤黑色素细胞病变的组织病理学。

Ceskoslovenska patologie Pub Date : 2024-01-01

Lumír Pock, Alena Skálová

引用次数: 0

Clinical, Morphological and Molecular Features of Spitz tumors. 斯皮茨肿瘤的临床、形态和分子特征。

Ceskoslovenska patologie Pub Date : 2024-01-01

Michele Donati, Boulos Mansour, Michael Hagstrom, Pedram Gerami, Dmitry V Kazakov

引用次数: 0

Parathyroid tumors in the 5th edition of the WHO Classification of Tumors of the Endocrine Organs. 第五版《世界卫生组织内分泌器官肿瘤分类》中的甲状旁腺肿瘤。

Ceskoslovenska patologie Pub Date : 2024-01-01

Dušková J

{"title":"Parathyroid tumors in the 5th edition of the WHO Classification of Tumors of the Endocrine Organs.","authors":"Dušková J","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"The diagnosis of pathological conditions of the parathyroid glands is the answer to clinically more frequently detected hypercalcemic conditions, including MEN syndromes. In routine biopsy practice, enlarged bodies are also a differential diagnosis for the diagnosis of thyroid nodules. In the chapter of parathyroid tumors, the 5th edition of the WHO classification brings changes influenced similarly to other endocrine organs by the increase in genetic information. At the terminological level, the concept of hyperplasia has been narrowed down to secondary hyperplasia, most of the previously primary hyperplasias are referred to as multiglandular parathyroid disease due to evidence of multiglandular clonal proliferations. The term atypical parathyroid tumor replacing atypical adenoma is newly introduced - the uncertain biological behaviour is emphasized. The basic examination includes parafibromin immunohis- tochemistry, the deficiency of parafibromin being an indicator of an inactivating CDC73 mutation and an increased risk of familial forms, or MEN. Methodologically, refinements are introduced in the quantification of mitotic activity per 10 mm2. Oncocytic subtypes have an arbitrarily declared threshold of more than 75% oncocytes. The definition of lipoadenoma (multiplication of both components, more than 50% of adipose tissue in the tumor) is similarly specified. The diagnosis of cancer remains histopathological with unequivocal evidence of invasion, or microscopically verified metastasis.","PeriodicalId":9861,"journal":{"name":"Ceskoslovenska patologie","volume":"60 1","pages":"68-70"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140853467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

What a pathologist needs to know about disorders of the complement system. 病理学家需要了解的补体系统紊乱知识。

Ceskoslovenska patologie Pub Date : 2024-01-01

Eva Honsová

{"title":"What a pathologist needs to know about disorders of the complement system.","authors":"Eva Honsová","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"The complement system is an important component of innate immunity, which is part of the first line of defense against infections. In addition, complement plays an important role in the removal of apoptotic and damaged endogenous cells and, according to recent discoveries, contributes significantly to the homeostasis of the organism. The complement system includes several dozen soluble and membrane-bound proteins, which, after activation, function as a cascade, at the end of which is the elimination of the infectious agent. Complement activation occurs through one of 3 pathways (classical, lectin, and alternative) and all 3 pathways lead to the central C3 component. The cleavage of C3 starts the activation of the so-called effector terminal cascade, which participates in the elimination of pathogens through pro-inflammatory mechanisms, opsonization and, at the end, the creation of a channel in the basement membrane. The systematic control of complement activation plays an important role, because that represents prevention against damage to one's own tissues. Especially, the alternative pathway, which provides more than 80% of the activity of the terminal complement cascade, requires tight control. Dysregulation of complement and especially its alternative pathways is behind many acute and chronic diseases.","PeriodicalId":9861,"journal":{"name":"Ceskoslovenska patologie","volume":"60 3","pages":"144-149"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142695141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Pitfalls of cytological diagnosis of tumours of the pancreaticobiliary tract. 胰胆管肿瘤细胞学诊断的陷阱。

Ceskoslovenska patologie Pub Date : 2024-01-01

Dušan Žiak, Vladimír Židlík, Eva Kundrátová, Jaroslav Horáček, Robert Ondruššek, Valeria Skopelidou, Pavel Hurník

引用次数: 0