Chemical Senses最新文献_第4页

A non-singularity in sweet taste. 甜味的非单一性。

IF 3.5 4区心理学

Chemical Senses Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1093/chemse/bjae006

Christian H Lemon

引用次数: 0

The role of the mediodorsal thalamus in chemosensory preference and consummatory behavior in rats. 丘脑内侧在大鼠化感偏好和消耗行为中的作用

IF 2.8 4区心理学

Chemical Senses Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1093/chemse/bjae027

Kelly E Gartner, Chad L Samuelsen

{"title":"The role of the mediodorsal thalamus in chemosensory preference and consummatory behavior in rats.","authors":"Kelly E Gartner, Chad L Samuelsen","doi":"10.1093/chemse/bjae027","DOIUrl":"10.1093/chemse/bjae027","url":null,"abstract":"Experience plays a pivotal role in determining our food preferences. Consuming food generates odor-taste associations that shape our perceptual judgements of chemosensory stimuli, such as their intensity, familiarity, and pleasantness. The process of making consummatory choices relies on a network of brain regions to integrate and process chemosensory information. The mediodorsal thalamus is a higher-order thalamic nucleus involved in many experience-dependent chemosensory behaviors, including olfactory attention, odor discrimination, and the hedonic perception of flavors. Recent research has shown that neurons in the mediodorsal thalamus represent the sensory and affective properties of experienced odors, tastes, and odor-taste mixtures. However, its role in guiding consummatory choices remains unclear. To investigate the influence of the mediodorsal thalamus in the consummatory choice for experienced odors, tastes, and odor-taste mixtures, we pharmacologically inactivated the mediodorsal thalamus during 2-bottle brief-access tasks. We found that inactivation altered the preference for specific odor-taste mixtures, significantly reduced consumption of the preferred taste and increased within-trial sampling of both chemosensory stimulus options. Our results show that the mediodorsal thalamus plays a crucial role in consummatory decisions related to chemosensory preference and attention.","PeriodicalId":9771,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Senses","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11259855/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141579056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A status report on human odorant receptors and their allocated agonists. 人类气味受体及其分配激动剂的现状报告。

IF 2.8 4区心理学

Chemical Senses Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1093/chemse/bjae037

Maxence Lalis, Matej Hladiš, Samar Abi Khalil, Christophe Deroo, Christophe Marin, Moustafa Bensafi, Nicolas Baldovini, Loïc Briand, Sébastien Fiorucci, Jérémie Topin

{"title":"A status report on human odorant receptors and their allocated agonists.","authors":"Maxence Lalis, Matej Hladiš, Samar Abi Khalil, Christophe Deroo, Christophe Marin, Moustafa Bensafi, Nicolas Baldovini, Loïc Briand, Sébastien Fiorucci, Jérémie Topin","doi":"10.1093/chemse/bjae037","DOIUrl":"10.1093/chemse/bjae037","url":null,"abstract":"Olfactory perception begins when odorous substances interact with specialized receptors located on the surface of dedicated sensory neurons. The recognition of smells depends on a complex mechanism involving a combination of interactions between an odorant and a set of odorant receptors (ORs), where molecules are recognized according to a combinatorial activation code of ORs. Although these interactions have been studied for decades, the rules governing this ligand recognition remain poorly understood, and the complete combinatorial code is only known for a handful of odorants. We have carefully analyzed experimental results regarding the interactions between ORs and molecules to provide a status report on the deorphanization of ORs, i.e. the identification of the first agonist for a given sequence. This meticulous analysis highlights the influence of experimental methodology (cell line or readout) on molecule-receptor association results and shows that 83% of the results are conserved regardless of experimental conditions. The distribution of another key parameter, EC50, indicates that most OR ligand activities are in the micromolar range and that impurities could lead to erroneous conclusions. Focusing on the human ORs, our study shows that 88% of the documented sequences still need to be deorphanized. Finally, we also estimate the size of the ORs' recognition range, or broadness, as the number of odorants activating a given OR. By analogously estimating molecular broadness and combining the two estimates we propose a basic framework that can serve as a comparison point for future machine learning algorithms predicting OR-molecule activity.","PeriodicalId":9771,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Senses","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142459115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Emotional self-body odors do not influence the access to visual awareness by emotional faces. 情绪化的自我身体气味不会影响情绪化面孔进入视觉意识。

IF 3.5 4区心理学

Chemical Senses Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1093/chemse/bjad034

Marta Rocha, Joana Grave, Sebastian Korb, Valentina Parma, Gün R Semin, Sandra C Soares

{"title":"Emotional self-body odors do not influence the access to visual awareness by emotional faces.","authors":"Marta Rocha, Joana Grave, Sebastian Korb, Valentina Parma, Gün R Semin, Sandra C Soares","doi":"10.1093/chemse/bjad034","DOIUrl":"10.1093/chemse/bjad034","url":null,"abstract":"A growing body of research suggests that emotional chemosignals in others' body odor (BO), particularly those sampled during fearful states, enhance emotional face perception in conscious and preconscious stages. For instance, emotional faces access visual awareness faster when presented with others' fear BOs. However, the effect of these emotional signals in self-BO, that is, one's own BO, is still neglected in the literature. In the present work, we sought to determine whether emotional self-BOs modify the access to visual awareness of emotional faces. Thirty-eight women underwent a breaking-Continuous Flash Suppression task in which they were asked to detect fearful, happy, and neutral faces, as quickly and accurately as possible, while being exposed to their fear, happiness, and neutral self-BOs. Self-BOs were previously collected and later delivered via an olfactometer, using an event-related design. Results showed a main effect of emotional faces, with happy faces being detected significantly faster than fearful and neutral faces. However, our hypothesis that fear self-BOs would lead to faster emotional face detection was not confirmed, as no effect of emotional self-BOs was found-this was confirmed with Bayesian analysis. Although caution is warranted when interpreting these results, our findings suggest that emotional face perception is not modulated by emotional self-BOs, contrasting with the literature on others' BOs. Further research is needed to understand the role of self-BOs in visual processing and emotion perception.","PeriodicalId":9771,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Senses","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10112269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Can humans smell tastants? 人类能闻到味道吗？

IF 2.8 4区心理学

Chemical Senses Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1093/chemse/bjad054

Shuo Mu, Markus Stieger, Sanne Boesveldt

{"title":"Can humans smell tastants?","authors":"Shuo Mu, Markus Stieger, Sanne Boesveldt","doi":"10.1093/chemse/bjad054","DOIUrl":"10.1093/chemse/bjad054","url":null,"abstract":"Although studies have shown that olfaction may contribute to the perception of tastant, literature is scarce or circumstantial, especially in humans. This study aims to (i) explore whether humans can perceive solutions of basic prototypical tastants through orthonasal and retronasal olfaction and (ii) to examine what volatile odor compounds (VOCs) underlie this ability. Solutions of 5 basic tastants (sucrose, sodium chloride, citric acid, monosodium glutamate [MSG], quinine) dissolved in water, and 2 fatty acids (oleic and linoleic acid) dissolved in mineral oil were prepared. Triangle discrimination tests were performed (n = 41 in duplicate) to assess whether the tastant solutions can be distinguished from blanks (solvents) through ortho- and retronasal olfaction. Participants were able to distinguish all tastant solutions from blank through orthonasal olfaction. Only sucrose, sodium chloride, oleic acid, and linoleic acid were distinguished from blank by retronasal olfaction. Ethyl dichloroacetate, methylene chloride, and/or acetone were identified in the headspace of sucrose, MSG, and quinine solutions but not in the headspace of water, sodium chloride, and citric acid solutions. Fat oxidation compounds such as alcohols and aldehydes were detected in the headspace of the oleic and linoleic acid solutions but not the mineral oil. We conclude that prototypical tastant solutions can be discriminated from water and fatty acid solutions from mineral oil through orthonasal olfaction. Differences in the volatile headspace composition between blanks and tastant solutions may have facilitated the olfactory discrimination. These findings can have methodological implications for future studies assessing gustatory perception using these prototypical taste compounds.","PeriodicalId":9771,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Senses","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10807988/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139097415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Integrating the patient's voice into the research agenda for treatment of chemosensory disorders. 将患者的声音纳入化感障碍治疗研究议程。

IF 2.8 4区心理学

Chemical Senses Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1093/chemse/bjae020

Claire Murphy, Pamela Dalton, Katie Boateng, Stephanie Hunter, Pamela Silberman, Jenifer Trachtman, Suz Schrandt, Bita Naimi, Emily Garvey, Paule V Joseph, Conner Frank, Abigail Albertazzi, Gurston Nyquist, Nancy E Rawson

{"title":"Integrating the patient's voice into the research agenda for treatment of chemosensory disorders.","authors":"Claire Murphy, Pamela Dalton, Katie Boateng, Stephanie Hunter, Pamela Silberman, Jenifer Trachtman, Suz Schrandt, Bita Naimi, Emily Garvey, Paule V Joseph, Conner Frank, Abigail Albertazzi, Gurston Nyquist, Nancy E Rawson","doi":"10.1093/chemse/bjae020","DOIUrl":"10.1093/chemse/bjae020","url":null,"abstract":"World-wide some 658 million people were infected with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and millions suffer from chemosensory impairment associated with long COVID. Current treatments for taste and smell disorders are limited. Involving patients has the potential to catalyze the dynamic exchange and development of new ideas and approaches to facilitate biomedical research and therapeutics. We assessed patients' perceptions of the efficacy of treatments for chemosensory impairment using an online questionnaire completed by 5,815 people in the US Logistic regression determined variables predictive of reported treatment efficacy for patients aged 18 to 24, 25 to 39, 40 to 60, and 60+ yrs. who were treated with nasal steroids, oral steroids, zinc, nasal rinse, smell training, theophylline, platelet-rich plasma, and Omega 3. The most consistent predictor was age, with the majority of those 40 to 60 and 60+ reporting that nasal steroids, oral steroids, zinc, nasal rinse, and smell training were only slightly effective or not effective at all. Many of these treatment strategies target regeneration and immune response, processes compromised by age. Only those under 40 reported more than slight efficacy of steroids or smell training. Findings emphasize the need to include patients of all ages in clinical trials. Older adults with olfactory impairment are at increased risk for Alzheimer's disease (AD). We speculate that olfactory impairment associated with long COVID introduces the potential for a significant rise in AD. Long COVID-associated chemosensory impairment increases the urgency for translational and clinical research on novel treatment strategies. Suggestions for high-priority areas for epidemiological, basic, and clinical research on chemosensory impairment follow.","PeriodicalId":9771,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Senses","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11154145/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140956370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mice learn to identify and discriminate sugar solutions based on odor cues. 小鼠学会根据气味线索识别和区分糖溶液。

IF 3.5 4区心理学

Chemical Senses Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1093/chemse/bjae024

John I Glendinning, Alix Archambeau, Catherine Conlin, Zoee Drimmer, Gabriel Griffith, Rayna Isber, Kayla Koffler, Gabriella Ortiz, Anisha Prakash, Catherine Sollitto, Harini Srinivasan

{"title":"Mice learn to identify and discriminate sugar solutions based on odor cues.","authors":"John I Glendinning, Alix Archambeau, Catherine Conlin, Zoee Drimmer, Gabriel Griffith, Rayna Isber, Kayla Koffler, Gabriella Ortiz, Anisha Prakash, Catherine Sollitto, Harini Srinivasan","doi":"10.1093/chemse/bjae024","DOIUrl":"10.1093/chemse/bjae024","url":null,"abstract":"This study examined how olfaction impacts ingestive responses of mice to sugar solutions. Experiment 1 asked whether naïve C57BL/6 (B6) mice could identify 1 M glucose, fructose, or sucrose solutions based on odor cues, during a 30-min 2-bottle acceptability test. We tested mice both before and after they were rendered anosmic with ZnSO4 treatment. We used 2 indirect measures of odor-mediated response: number of trials initiated and latency to initiate licking. Before ZnSO4 treatment, the mice learned how to identify 1 M glucose and fructose (but not sucrose) solutions based on odor cues. ZnSO4 treatment eliminated their ability to identify the glucose and fructose solutions. Experiment 2 asked whether 2 d of exposure to a 1 M glucose, fructose, or sucrose solution improved the identification of the same sugar solution. Following exposure, the B6 mice identified all 3 sugar solutions based on odor cues. Experiment 3 asked whether T1R3 knockout mice (i.e. mice lacking the T1R3 subunit of the T1R2 + R3 sweet taste receptor) could learn to discriminate 0.44 M glucose and fructose solutions based on odor cues. All mice were subjected to a 1-h preference test, both before and after exposure to the 0.44 M glucose and fructose solutions. During exposure, the experimental mice received ZnSO4 treatment, whereas the control mice received saline treatment. Before exposure, neither type of mouse preferred the glucose solution. After exposure, the control mice preferred the glucose solution, whereas the experimental mice did not. Our results reveal that mice can learn to use odor cues to identify and discriminate between sugar solutions.","PeriodicalId":9771,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Senses","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141185676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Oral stimulation with glucose and fructose, but not sucrose, accelerates gastric emptying in humans. 口服葡萄糖和果糖（而非蔗糖）会加速人体胃排空。

IF 2.8 4区心理学

Chemical Senses Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1093/chemse/bjae028

Masako Kanda, Hideaki Kashima, Akira Miura, Yoshiyuki Fukuba, Makoto Takahashi, Masako Yamaoka Endo

{"title":"Oral stimulation with glucose and fructose, but not sucrose, accelerates gastric emptying in humans.","authors":"Masako Kanda, Hideaki Kashima, Akira Miura, Yoshiyuki Fukuba, Makoto Takahashi, Masako Yamaoka Endo","doi":"10.1093/chemse/bjae028","DOIUrl":"10.1093/chemse/bjae028","url":null,"abstract":"Postprandial regulation of the gastric emptying (GE) rate plays an important role in food intake. Although oral sweetening with glucose may accelerate GE, the effects of different sweetness intensities of glucose (10% and 20%, w/v) and other energy sweeteners (e.g. fructose and sucrose) remain uncertain. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of different glucose concentrations (Experiment 1) and different sugars with the same sweet taste intensity (Experiment 2) on postprandial GE. In both experiments, after ingesting a 200 kcal carbohydrate solution containing 50 g of maltodextrin, participants repeatedly sipped, but did not swallow, one of three (water, 10% and 20%, w/v glucose) or four (water and equally sweet 20%, w/v glucose, 12%, w/v fructose, and 14%, w/v sucrose) solutions for 1 min every 5 min over a 30 min period. GE was evaluated by measuring the temporal change in the cross-sectional area of the gastric antrum using ultrasound. In Experiment 1, oral stimulation with 20% (w/v) glucose resulted in greater GE than the control stimulus (i.e. water), but the effect of stimulation with 10% (w/v) glucose on GE was not different from that of the control stimulus. In Experiment 2, stimulation with 20% (w/v) glucose or 12% (w/v) fructose resulted in greater GE than the control stimulus. However, the effect of stimulation with 14% (w/v) sucrose on GE did not differ from that of the control stimulus. Consequently, oral stimulation with glucose or fructose solutions of moderate to high sweetness following a meal facilitates postprandial GE.","PeriodicalId":9771,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Senses","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141757378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ribonucleotides differentially modulate oral glutamate detection thresholds. 核糖核苷酸以不同方式调节口腔谷氨酸检测阈值

IF 2.8 4区心理学

Chemical Senses Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1093/chemse/bjad049

Nicholas J Amado, Emily C Hanselman, Caroline P Harmon, Daiyong Deng, Suzanne M Alarcon, Ashley A Sharples, Paul A S Breslin

{"title":"Ribonucleotides differentially modulate oral glutamate detection thresholds.","authors":"Nicholas J Amado, Emily C Hanselman, Caroline P Harmon, Daiyong Deng, Suzanne M Alarcon, Ashley A Sharples, Paul A S Breslin","doi":"10.1093/chemse/bjad049","DOIUrl":"10.1093/chemse/bjad049","url":null,"abstract":"The savory or umami taste of the amino acid glutamate is synergistically enhanced by the addition of the purines inosine 5'-monophosphate (IMP) and guanosine 5'-monophosphate (GMP) disodium salt. We hypothesized that the addition of purinergic ribonucleotides, along with the pyrimidine ribonucleotides, would decrease the absolute detection threshold of (increase sensitivity to) l-glutamic acid potassium salt (MPG). To test this, we measured both the absolute detection threshold of MPG alone and with a background level (3 mM) of 5 different 5'-ribonucleotides. The addition of the 3 purines IMP, GMP, and adenosine 5'-monophosphate (AMP) lowered the MPG threshold in all participants (P < 0.001), indicating they are positive modulators or enhancers of glutamate taste. The average detection threshold of MPG was 2.08 mM, and with the addition of IMP, the threshold was decreased by approximately 1.5 orders of magnitude to 0.046 mM. In contrast to the purines, the pyrimidines uridine 5'-monophosphate (UMP) and cytidine 5'-monophosphate (CMP) yielded different results. CMP reliably raised glutamate thresholds in 10 of 17 subjects, suggesting it is a negative modulator or diminisher of glutamate taste for them. The rank order of effects on increasing sensitivity to glutamate was IMP > GMP> AMP >> UMP// CMP. These data confirm that ribonucleotides are modulators of glutamate taste, with purines enhancing sensitivity and pyrimidines displaying variable and even negative modulatory effects. Our ability to detect the co-occurrence of glutamate and purines is meaningful as both are relatively high in evolutionarily important sources of nutrition, such as insects and fermented foods.","PeriodicalId":9771,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Senses","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10824162/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139402068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of genetics on odor perception: Can a quick smell test effectively screen everyone? 遗传对气味感知的影响：快速嗅觉测试能有效筛查每个人吗？

IF 2.8 4区心理学

Chemical Senses Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1093/chemse/bjae025

Stephanie R Hunter, Cailu Lin, Ha Nguyen, Mackenzie E Hannum, Katherine Bell, Amy Huang, Paule V Joseph, Valentina Parma, Pamela H Dalton, Danielle R Reed

{"title":"Effects of genetics on odor perception: Can a quick smell test effectively screen everyone?","authors":"Stephanie R Hunter, Cailu Lin, Ha Nguyen, Mackenzie E Hannum, Katherine Bell, Amy Huang, Paule V Joseph, Valentina Parma, Pamela H Dalton, Danielle R Reed","doi":"10.1093/chemse/bjae025","DOIUrl":"10.1093/chemse/bjae025","url":null,"abstract":"SCENTinel, a rapid smell test designed to screen for olfactory disorders, including anosmia (no ability to smell an odor) and parosmia (distorted sense of smell), measures 4 components of olfactory function: detection, intensity, identification, and pleasantness. Each test card contains one of 9 odorant mixtures. Some people born with genetic insensitivities to specific odorants (i.e. specific anosmia) may fail the test if they cannot smell an odorant but otherwise have a normal sense of smell. However, using odorant mixtures has largely been found to prevent this from happening. To better understand whether genetic differences affect SCENTinel test results, we asked genetically informative adult participants (twins or triplets, N = 630; singletons, N = 370) to complete the SCENTinel test. A subset of twins (n = 304) also provided a saliva sample for genotyping. We examined data for differences between the 9 possible SCENTinel odors; effects of age, sex, and race on SCENTinel performance, test-retest variability; and heritability using both structured equation modeling and SNP-based statistical methods. None of these strategies provided evidence for specific anosmia for any of the odors, but ratings of pleasantness were, in part, genetically determined (h2 = 0.40) and were nominally associated with alleles of odorant receptors (e.g. OR2T33 and OR1G1; P < 0.001). These results provide evidence that using odorant mixtures protected against effects of specific anosmia for ratings of intensity but that ratings of pleasantness showed effects of inheritance, possibly informed by olfactory receptor genotypes.","PeriodicalId":9771,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Senses","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11519045/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141320652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0