Central European Journal of Urology最新文献

{"title":"Double-face buccal mucosa graft urethroplasty for obliterative urethral strictures of the fossa navicularis.","authors":"Leonidas Karapanos, Nicolas Fischer, Friederike Haas, Moritz Beck, Leonhard Gernhold, Tobias Kowalke, Daniel Porres","doi":"10.5173/ceju.2025.0181","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5173/ceju.2025.0181","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9744,"journal":{"name":"Central European Journal of Urology","volume":"79 1","pages":"66"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12976891/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147442788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of powerlifting on urinary incontinence in women.","authors":"Tanja Maria Heidorn, Zane Pilsetniece","doi":"10.5173/ceju.2025.0184","DOIUrl":"10.5173/ceju.2025.0184","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Powerlifting is a strength sport that has recently gained popularity among women. It is associated with a high prevalence of stress urinary incontinence, which is known to negatively affect women's quality of life. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the effects of powerlifting on urinary incontinence not only during training but also in daily life. Furthermore, this study aimed to identify risk factors associated with stress urinary incontinence during powerlifting.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study used an anonymous 26-item online questionnaire. Participants were mainly recruited via social media. Responses from 1,072 female powerlifters were analyzed using SPSS.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After starting to perform powerlifting, women were 22.7 times more likely to experience stress urinary incontinence overall, 1.6 times more likely to experience stress urinary incontinence in daily life, and 5.2 times more likely to experience urgency urinary incontinence. Among those who experienced changes in the severity of symptoms in daily life after starting to perform powerlifting, a narrow majority indicated an improvement in symptoms. The lifetime prevalence of stress urinary incontinence during powerlifting was 67.3%, whereas the lifetime stress urinary incontinence prevalence in daily life was 31.7%. Risk factors for stress urinary incontinence during powerlifting were older age, years of powerlifting experience, vaginal birth, use of a lifting belt, deadlift stance, and one repetition maximum.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>While powerlifting appears to increase the risk of urinary incontinence in daily life, it also improves symptoms in some participants - likely those able to activate their pelvic floor during lifting.</p>","PeriodicalId":9744,"journal":{"name":"Central European Journal of Urology","volume":"79 1","pages":"15-22"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12976749/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147442757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Topographical and stage-related expression of nectin-4 in prostate cancer.","authors":"Radion Garaz, Jörg Hennenlotter, Veronika Bahlinger, Tilman Todenhöfer, Arnulf Stenzl, Igor Tsaur, Steffen Rausch","doi":"10.5173/ceju.2026.0022","DOIUrl":"10.5173/ceju.2026.0022","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Nectin-4 is a cell-adhesion molecule overexpressed in several malignancies and is a promising therapeutic target. Its expression profile and clinical relevance in prostate cancer (PCa) remain insufficiently defined.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>This retrospective study at a single tertiary referral center included 111 surgical specimens: 85 from patients with PCa (53 non-metastatic radical prostatectomy; 32 metastatic transurethral resection of the prostate) and 26 from patients without PCa (19 benign prostatic hyperplasia [BPH] procedures; 7 cystoprostatectomies). Tissue microarrays were constructed. Nectin-4 immunohistochemistry was scored using an H-score (0-300). Comparisons were performed across predefined tissue groups and clinicopathologic strata using non-parametric tests.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Adjacent benign prostate showed higher median H-scores than PCa cores (101 vs 88; p = 0.008). Expression declined with pathological stage (≤pT2c vs ≥pT3a: 101 vs 78; p = 0.011) and with nodal involvement (pN0 vs pN1: 94 vs 68; p = 0.004). By subgroup, median H-scores were: BPH 73, tissue distant from PCa 105, tissue adjacent to PCa 116, non-metastatic PCa 96, and metastatic PCa 68 (p <0.0001; BPH vs adjacent p = 0.0001; M0 vs M1 p = 0.005). No difference was observed between hormone-sensitive and castration-resistant metastatic disease (73 vs 68; p = 0.34).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Nectin-4 expression in the prostate is heterogeneous and context-dependent, with higher levels in benign glands within cancer-bearing prostates and lower levels with advancing tumor stage and nodal/metastatic spread. These findings provide an expression map of nectin 4 across benign and malignant prostate compartments and disease stages and may inform future exploratory enrichment strategies for nectin-4-targeted therapies.</p>","PeriodicalId":9744,"journal":{"name":"Central European Journal of Urology","volume":"79 2","pages":"75-83"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13312183/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148350893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preventing parastomal hernia following radical cystectomy with ileal conduit diversion: outcomes of prophylactic mesh reinforcement.","authors":"Pavel Navratil, Minh Nguyet Tranova, Oleg Izmaylov, Jiri Chalupnik, Katerina Balasova, Miroslav Louda","doi":"10.5173/ceju.2025.0320","DOIUrl":"10.5173/ceju.2025.0320","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Parastomal hernia (PH) is a frequent long-term complication following radical cystectomy with ileal conduit urinary diversion. Evidence supporting preventive strategies in urologic surgery remains limited. This study evaluated the impact of prophylactic mesh reinforcement during ileal conduit formation on PH incidence and postoperative outcomes.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>In this prospective, single-center cohort study, 70 patients undergoing open radical cystectomy with ileal conduit diversion were included. Prophylactic retromuscular mesh was placed at the stoma site in 10 patients (mesh group), while 60 patients underwent standard stoma construction (control group). The primary endpoint was PH occurrence. Secondary endpoints included stomal, bowel, wound, and infectious complications. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to identify predictors of PH in the control cohort.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>PH occurred in 20 of 60 patients (33.3%) in the control group and in none of the patients in the mesh group (0%), representing a statistically significant difference (p = 0.043). Overall stomal complications were significantly reduced in the mesh group (0% vs 36.7%; p = 0.025). Operative time was significantly longer in the mesh group; however, no increase in bowel, wound, infectious complications, transfusion requirement, or reoperation rate was observed. Multivariable analysis identified increasing age, higher body mass index, and female sex as independent predictors of PH. Obese patients (BMI >30) demonstrated a significantly higher PH incidence compared with non-obese patients (42.9% vs 28.2%; p = 0.032).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Prophylactic mesh reinforcement during ileal conduit formation significantly reduced parastomal hernia incidence and overall stomal complications without increasing perioperative morbidity.</p>","PeriodicalId":9744,"journal":{"name":"Central European Journal of Urology","volume":"79 2","pages":"126-132"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13312216/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148350965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"One-month postoperative α-blocker therapy reduces morbidity and increases patients' satisfaction and well-being following water jet aquablation for treating benign prostatic obstruction: a randomized prospective trial.","authors":"Dolev Perez, Ariel Mamber, Michael Pasherstnik, Dmitry Koulikov, Ala Eddin Natsheh, Ofer Z Shenfeld, Ilan Z Kafka, Adam Hen, Andres Malinger, Avital Zeldin, Israel A Ostrovsky, Boris Chertin","doi":"10.5173/ceju.2025.0243","DOIUrl":"10.5173/ceju.2025.0243","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The study aimed to evaluate whether continuing α-blocker therapy for one month after aquablation improves early clinical outcomes in patients undergoing surgery for benign prostatic obstruction (BPO).</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>This prospective, single-center study enrolled 240 consecutive patients with symptomatic BPO who underwent aquablation between 2023 and 2025. Patients were divided into two cohorts: cohort A (n = 120) discontinued BPH medications postoperatively, while cohort B (n = 120) continued α-blocker therapy for one month. Functional, sexual, and safety outcomes were assessed at 3, 6, and 12 months using validated tools (IPSS, QoL, VAS, IIEF, MSHQ-EjD-SF, SF-ICIQ). Statistical analysis was used to compare symptom scores, complication rates, and retreatment frequencies between groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both cohorts experienced significant symptom improvement following aquablation. However, cohort B showed superior early outcomes, including a greater reduction in irritative symptoms (p = 0.014 at 3 months; p = 0.02 at 12 months), lower VAS pain scores, and fewer postoperative complications (22.5% vs 30.8%, p = 0.15), with nonsignificantly lower rates of moderate (Grade II) complications in cohort B. Sexual function remained stable in both groups, with cohort B demonstrating improved ejaculatory function scores at all time points. No increase in adverse events was observed with continued use of α-blockers.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Short-term continuation of α-blocker therapy following aquablation enhances early postoperative recovery, reduces complications, and improves patient-reported well-being without compromising sexual or functional outcomes. Routine one-month α-blocker therapy is a valuable adjunct in aquablation postoperative care.</p>","PeriodicalId":9744,"journal":{"name":"Central European Journal of Urology","volume":"79 2","pages":"140-146"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13312179/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148350969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accuracy of large language models in answering urological questions on lower urinary tract symptoms: comparison with the EAU 2025 guidelines.","authors":"Mohamed Eldaneen, Ahmed Eissa, Magdy Sabaa, Panagiotis Nikolinakos, Mohammed Saber-Khalaf, Karl H Pang","doi":"10.5173/ceju.2026.0011","DOIUrl":"10.5173/ceju.2026.0011","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The aim of the study was to evaluate the accuracy of responses from three common artificial intelligence (AI) tools - ChatGPT, Claude, and DeepSeek - to patient enquiries regarding lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS), comparing these responses to European Association of Urology (EAU) 2025 guidelines. As patients increasingly turn to large language models (LLMs), it is crucial to assess their reliability.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Prospective face-to-face and telephone general urology clinics were conducted between April and May 2025, during which consented patients were asked to state the questions they would submit to an AI tool if they were to enquire about their LUTS. These questions were submitted to ChatGPT (GPT-4), Claude (Sonnet 4.0), and DeepSeek (V3), and the responses were summarised and compared against the EAU guidelines. Each response was categorised as correct, missing key elements from the guidelines, or incorrect/misleading.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sixteen patients participated in the study, and following removal of duplicate questions, a total of 13 were included for analysis. These questions covered symptom causation, diagnostic workup and management of LUTS. All models provided correct information in 92.3% of their responses when compared to the EAU guidelines. However, 92.3-100% of answers omitted key elements from the guidelines, and 30.8-92.3% contained incorrect or misleading content.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Current LLMs provide readily accessible guidance on LUTS; however, their unsupervised use in clinical decision-making remains a concern and may be considered premature.</p>","PeriodicalId":9744,"journal":{"name":"Central European Journal of Urology","volume":"79 2","pages":"152-160"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13312229/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148350938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Endoscopic treatment of stenotic ureteral orifices using self-expanding metallic stents: comparison of two methods and evaluation of effectiveness and safety in a tertiary center.","authors":"Filip Kowalski, Błażej Kuffel, Michał Późniak, Paweł Lipowski, Wojciech Tomczak, Maciej Dąbkowski, Jacek Wilamowski, Adam Ostrowski, Jan Adamowicz, Tomasz Drewa","doi":"10.5173/ceju.2025.0344","DOIUrl":"10.5173/ceju.2025.0344","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Ureterovesical orifice stricture (UOS) is a rare complication after bladder or pelvic floor treatment, usually related to oncological etiology. To date, the literature has not established the optimal treatment for UOS.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>In a retrospective, single-center study, we present our experience in endoscopic treatment of 15 patients with narrowed or totally closed bladder ureteral orifices. In the study group, dilatation or resection of the stricture was performed, followed by implantation of a self-expanding stent (SUS). Dilatation and resection of the stricture were assessed for efficacy and safety.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the group in which UOS was treated by resection and SUS implantation, 75% full therapeutic success was noted, i.e. obtaining a patent ureter after completion of urinary tract stenting. No serious complications (Clavien-Dindo >3a) occurred in the group where resection of the UOS was performed, in contrast to the group treated by dilatation of the UOS (serious complications in 57.2%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Resection of stenotic ureteral orifice tissues seems to be a more effective treatment method than their dilatation. Self-expanding stents may be a useful option in the treatment of ureteral orifice strictures, but it is necessary to perform studies comparing their safety and effectiveness with DJ stents.</p>","PeriodicalId":9744,"journal":{"name":"Central European Journal of Urology","volume":"79 2","pages":"195-201"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13312186/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148350921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Digital health engagement among urological patients in four European countries: findings from an international cross-sectional survey by the European Association of Urology Section of Outpatient and Office Urology.","authors":"Johannes Salem, Juan Jose Menendez-Suarez, Matyas Benyo, Lukasz Zapala, Hendrik Borgmann, Kathrin Arndt, Fotios Dimitriadis, Horst Brenneis, Stephan M Haensel, Aleko Khelaia, Petros Tsafrakidis, Timur Hasan Kuru","doi":"10.5173/ceju.2025.0296","DOIUrl":"10.5173/ceju.2025.0296","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Digital tools, including online information sources and medical apps, are increasingly woven into patient care. This study aimed to assess internet use, social media habits, online health information seeking, trust in online health resources, medical app use and willingness to use medical apps when prescribed, and attitudes toward electronic patient records (EPRs) among urology outpatients in four European countries.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>A multicenter, cross-sectional survey was conducted in urology outpatient practices in Poland, Greece, Hungary, and Germany. Each center enrolled ~50 consecutive patients. In total, 184 participants completed an anonymous paper questionnaire between January 2, 2025 and May 30, 2025. The 12-item questionnaire (developed following a PubMed literature review and CHERRIES guidance) combined multiple-choice and 10-point rating items. Group differences and associations were explored using χ² tests, Kruskal-Wallis tests, and Spearman rank correlations as appropriate.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants were 79.35% male and 20.65% female; mean age 54.0 years (SD 16.4). Internet use was near universal (91.86%); 72.8% used the internet several times per day, 11.41% once daily, 7.6% weekly, and 7.6% reported never using it. YouTube (58.7%) and Facebook (54.35%) were the most frequently used social platforms, followed by Instagram (36.41%), TikTok (21.74%), and X (formerly Twitter) (18.48%); 15.76% reported no social media use. Trust in online health information was modest (mean 4.32/10, SD 2.3) and highest in Germany (5.08); education did not correlate with trust in any country (Spearman p ≥0.07).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Among European urology outpatients, internet engagement is ubiquitous, but perceived usefulness, trust, and app adoption vary substantially across countries.</p>","PeriodicalId":9744,"journal":{"name":"Central European Journal of Urology","volume":"79 2","pages":"211-222"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13312205/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148350895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of the efficacy of two different desmopressin formulations in pediatric patients with nocturnal enuresis: a retrospective observational study.","authors":"Pietro Ferrara, Margherita Zona, Roberto Sacco, Melania Martucci, Chiara D'agostino, Francesca De Gaetano, Alberto Verrotti, Ignazio Cammisa","doi":"10.5173/ceju.2025.0328","DOIUrl":"10.5173/ceju.2025.0328","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Nocturnal enuresis (NE) is a common pediatric disorder that significantly affects the quality of life of both children and their families. Desmopressin, a first-line pharmacological treatment, is available in two oral formulations: traditional tablets and oral lyophilizate (MELT). Clinical observations suggest that in pediatric patients, MELT may be chewed or swallowed prematurely, especially in younger children, potentially compromising its intended sublingual absorption and efficacy. This study aimed to compare the efficacy of desmopressin tablets vs MELT formulations in pediatric patients with monosymptomatic NE (MNE).</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>This retrospective, observational, single-center study included 536 pediatric patients with MNE, treated at the Enuresis Center, Operative Research Unit of Pediatrics, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Rome, Italy. Patients were assigned to two independent treatment cohorts: MELT (n = 393) and tablet (n = 143). Efficacy was evaluated over 12 weeks using a \"dry night calendar.\"</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A statistically significant difference in efficacy was observed between the two formulations (p = 0.045). In the MELT group, response rates were: non-responders 33.7%, partial responders 43.2%, and full responders 23.2%. In the tablet group, rates were: non-responders 20.8%, partial responders 49%, and full responders 30.2%.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Patients treated with the tablet formulation demonstrated a superior overall therapeutic response, with a higher rate of optimal response and a lower incidence of no response compared to the MELT formulation.</p>","PeriodicalId":9744,"journal":{"name":"Central European Journal of Urology","volume":"79 2","pages":"147-151"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13312215/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148350918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is the albumin/globulin ratio a predictor of response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy before cystectomy for muscle-invasive bladder cancer?","authors":"Levent Ozcan, Ahmet Boylu, Emre Can Polat, Mehmet Gokhan Culha, Mustafa Erkoc, Muammer Bozkurt, Eyyup Danis, Alper Otunctemur","doi":"10.5173/ceju.2025.0244","DOIUrl":"10.5173/ceju.2025.0244","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The objective of this study is to ascertain whether the albumin-to-globulin ratio (AGR) can predict the response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer and pure urothelial carcinoma histology who have undergone NAC prior to cystectomy.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The study population comprised patients who underwent diagnostic biopsy with complete transurethral resection of a bladder tumor in our hospital, and for whom the pathology result was muscle-invasive pure urothelial cell carcinoma (pT2), and who received a minimum of three courses of cisplatin-based NAC. Patients were divided into two groups, responders and non-responders, according to their chemotherapy response.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A response was observed in 81 (54%) patients. The most significant difference between the two groups was found in the AGR scores. The median AGR was 1.7 (1.1-3.2) in the responders and 1.4 (0.7-2.4) in the non-responders (p = 0.001). Using ROC analysis, the optimal cut-off value of AGR for predicting chemotherapy response was determined to be 1.61. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that elevated AGR values (>1.61) exhibited a more substantial impact on response in comparison to other parameters. When the parameters that had a significant effect on survival were investigated with Cox regression analysis, a high AGR with chemotherapy response was found to have more significant effect on survival.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We think that, in conjunction with established clinicopathological factors, AGR can be utilized for the selection of patients for NAC.</p>","PeriodicalId":9744,"journal":{"name":"Central European Journal of Urology","volume":"79 2","pages":"103-110"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13312166/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148350916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}