{"title":"Advances in Understanding the Roles of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Lung Cancer.","authors":"Wenli Ding, Kexin Zhang, Qinying Li, Linfei Xu, Yanhui Ma, Fang Han, Liang Zhu, Xiaodong Sun","doi":"10.1089/cell.2022.0133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/cell.2022.0133","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lung cancer is the most common and deadliest type of cancer worldwide. Research concerning lung cancer has made considerable progress in recent decades, but lung cancer remains the leading cause of malignancy-related mortality rate. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) mainly exist in fat, umbilical cord blood, bone marrow, bone, and muscle. MSCs are a primary component of the tumor microenvironment (TME). Recent studies have shown that MSCs have roles in lung cancer-related proliferation, invasion, migration, and angiogenesis, but the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Because MSCs can migrate to the TME, there is increasing attention toward the use of MSCs in drugs or gene vectors for cancer treatment. This review summarizes the roles and effects of MSCs in lung cancer, while addressing clinical applications of MSCs in lung cancer treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":9708,"journal":{"name":"Cellular reprogramming","volume":"25 1","pages":"20-31"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9132529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cellular reprogrammingPub Date : 2022-12-01Epub Date: 2022-11-21DOI: 10.1089/cell.2022.0128
Mo-Fan Huang, Rachel Shoemaker, Dung-Fang Lee
{"title":"Bcl11b and Atoh8 Coordinate Cellular Plasticity for Reprogramming and Transformation.","authors":"Mo-Fan Huang, Rachel Shoemaker, Dung-Fang Lee","doi":"10.1089/cell.2022.0128","DOIUrl":"10.1089/cell.2022.0128","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>By dissecting and comparing the transcriptional trajectories and epigenomic traits of reprogramming and transforming cells at the single-cell resolution, Huyghe et al discovered Bcl11b and Atoh8, two key transcription factors controlling cell plasticity during pluripotent reprogramming and oncogenic transformation.</p>","PeriodicalId":9708,"journal":{"name":"Cellular reprogramming","volume":"24 6","pages":"324-326"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9805845/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10627360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"<i>Call for Special Issue Papers:</i> Cellular Reprogramming 25th Anniversary Deadline for Manuscript Submission: April 30, 2023.","authors":"Carlos-Filipe Pereira","doi":"10.1089/cell.2022.29073.cfp","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/cell.2022.29073.cfp","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9708,"journal":{"name":"Cellular reprogramming","volume":"24 6","pages":"315-316"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9137869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cellular reprogrammingPub Date : 2022-12-01Epub Date: 2022-11-03DOI: 10.1089/cell.2022.0071
Alexandra Moauro, Robin E Kruger, Daniel O'Hagan, Amy Ralston
{"title":"Fluorescent Reporters Distinguish Stem Cell Colony Subtypes During Somatic Cell Reprogramming.","authors":"Alexandra Moauro, Robin E Kruger, Daniel O'Hagan, Amy Ralston","doi":"10.1089/cell.2022.0071","DOIUrl":"10.1089/cell.2022.0071","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Somatic cell reprogramming was first developed to create induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells. Since that time, the highly dynamic and heterogeneous nature of the reprogramming process has come to be appreciated. Remarkably, a distinct type of stem cell, called induced extraembryonic endoderm (iXEN) stem cell, is also formed during reprogramming of mouse somatic cells by ectopic expression of the transcription factors, OCT4, SOX2, KLF4, and MYC (OSKM). The mechanisms leading somatic cells to adopt differing stem cell fates are challenging to resolve given that formation of either stem cell type is slow, stochastic, and rare. For these reasons, fluorescent gene expression reporters have provided an invaluable tool for revealing the path from the somatic state to pluripotency. However, no such reporters have been established for comparable studies of iXEN cell formation. In this study, we examined the expression of multiple fluorescent reporters, including <i>Nanog</i>, <i>Oct4</i>, and the endodermal genes, <i>Gata4</i> and <i>Gata6</i>-alone and in combination, during reprogramming. We show that only simultaneous evaluation of <i>Nanog</i> and <i>Gata4</i> reliably distinguishes iPS and iXEN cell colonies during reprogramming.</p>","PeriodicalId":9708,"journal":{"name":"Cellular reprogramming","volume":"24 6","pages":"353-362"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/7b/1e/cell.2022.0071.PMC9805857.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9080971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Handi Cao, Sanxing Gao, Ritika Jogani, Ryohichi Sugimura
{"title":"The Tumor Microenvironment Reprograms Immune Cells.","authors":"Handi Cao, Sanxing Gao, Ritika Jogani, Ryohichi Sugimura","doi":"10.1089/cell.2022.0047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/cell.2022.0047","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Tumor tissue comprises a highly complex network of diverse cell types. The tumor microenvironment (TME) can be mainly subdivided into cancer cells and stromal cell compartments, the latter include different types of immune cells, fibroblasts, endothelial cells, and pericytes. Tumor cells reprogram immune cells and other stromal cells in the TME to constrain their antitumor capacity by creating an immunosuppressive milieu and metabolism competition. Moreover, the reprogramming effect on immune cells is localized not only in the tumor but also at the systemic level. With wide application of single-cell sequencing technology, tumor-specific characteristics of immune cells and other stromal cells in the TME have been dissected. In this review, we mainly focus on how tumor cells reprogram immune cells both within the TME and peripheral blood. This information can further help us to improve the efficiency of current immunotherapy as well as bring up new ideas to combat cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":9708,"journal":{"name":"Cellular reprogramming","volume":"24 6","pages":"343-352"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10572719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Therapeutic Potential of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in the Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus.","authors":"Liang Zhu, Sheng Wang, JunSheng Qu, Zongguang Hui, Chengxia Kan, Ningning Hou, Xiaodong Sun","doi":"10.1089/cell.2022.0039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/cell.2022.0039","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) exist in many tissues and can differentiate into cells of multiple lineages, such as adipocytes, osteoblasts, or chondrocytes. MSC administration has demonstrated therapeutic potential in various degenerative and inflammatory diseases (<i>e.g.</i>, graft-vs.-host disease, multiple sclerosis, Crohn's disease, organ fibrosis, and diabetes mellitus [DM]). The mechanisms involved in the therapeutic effects of MSCs are multifaceted. Generally, implanted MSCs can migrate to sites of injury, where they establish an anti-inflammatory and regenerative microenvironment in damaged tissues. In addition, MSCs can modulate innate and adaptive immune responses through immunosuppressive mechanisms that involve immune cells, inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, and immunomodulatory factors. DM has a high prevalence worldwide; it also contributes to a high rate of mortality worldwide. MSCs offer a promising therapeutic agent to prevent or repair damage from DM and diabetic complications through properties such as multilineage differentiation, homing, promotion of angiogenesis, and immunomodulation (<i>e.g.</i>, prevention of oxidative stress, fibrosis, and cell death). In this study, we review current findings regarding the immunomodulatory and regenerative mechanisms of MSCs, as well as their therapeutic applications in DM and DM-related complications.</p>","PeriodicalId":9708,"journal":{"name":"Cellular reprogramming","volume":"24 6","pages":"329-342"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10574455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lena Böhnke, Lucia Zhou-Yang, Silvia Pelucchi, Flora Kogler, Daniela Frantal, Florian Schön, Stina Lagerström, Oliver Borgogno, Jennifer Baltazar, Joseph R Herdy, Sarah Kittel-Schneider, Michaela Defrancesco, Jerome Mertens
{"title":"Chemical Replacement of Noggin with Dorsomorphin Homolog 1 for Cost-Effective Direct Neuronal Conversion.","authors":"Lena Böhnke, Lucia Zhou-Yang, Silvia Pelucchi, Flora Kogler, Daniela Frantal, Florian Schön, Stina Lagerström, Oliver Borgogno, Jennifer Baltazar, Joseph R Herdy, Sarah Kittel-Schneider, Michaela Defrancesco, Jerome Mertens","doi":"10.1089/cell.2021.0200","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/cell.2021.0200","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The direct conversion of adult human skin fibroblasts (FBs) into induced neurons (iNs) represents a useful technology to generate donor-specific adult-like human neurons. Disease modeling studies rely on the consistently efficient conversion of relatively large cohorts of FBs. Despite the identification of several small molecular enhancers, high-yield protocols still demand addition of recombinant Noggin. To identify a replacement to circumvent the technical and economic challenges associated with Noggin, we assessed dynamic gene expression trajectories of transforming growth factor-β signaling during FB-to-iN conversion. We identified ALK2 (ACVR1) of the bone morphogenic protein branch to possess the highest initial transcript abundance in FBs and the steepest decline during successful neuronal conversion. We thus assessed the efficacy of dorsomorphin homolog 1 (DMH1), a highly selective ALK2-inhibitor, for its potential to replace Noggin. Conversion media containing DMH1 (+DMH1) indeed enhanced conversion efficiencies over basic SMAD inhibition (tSMADi), yielding similar βIII-tubulin (TUBB3) purities as conversion media containing Noggin (+Noggin). Furthermore, +DMH1 induced high yields of iNs with clear neuronal morphologies that are positive for the mature neuronal marker NeuN. Validation of +DMH1 for iN conversion of FBs from 15 adult human donors further demonstrates that Noggin-free conversion consistently yields iN cultures that display high βIII-tubulin numbers with synaptic structures and basic spontaneous neuronal activity at a third of the cost.</p>","PeriodicalId":9708,"journal":{"name":"Cellular reprogramming","volume":"24 5","pages":"304-313"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9587801/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9905634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cellular reprogrammingPub Date : 2022-10-01Epub Date: 2022-07-15DOI: 10.1089/cell.2022.0048
Jonathan L Colarusso, Qiao Zhou
{"title":"Direct Reprogramming of Different Cell Lineages into Pancreatic β-Like Cells.","authors":"Jonathan L Colarusso, Qiao Zhou","doi":"10.1089/cell.2022.0048","DOIUrl":"10.1089/cell.2022.0048","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>One major goal of regenerative medicine is the production of pancreatic endocrine islets to treat insulin-dependent diabetic patients. Among the different methods developed to achieve this goal, a particularly promising approach is direct lineage reprogramming, in which non-β-cells are directly converted to glucose-responsive, insulin-secreting β-like cells. Efforts by different research groups have led to critical insights in the inducing factors necessary and types of somatic tissues suitable for direct conversion to β-like cells. Nevertheless, there is limited understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying direct cell fate conversion. Significant challenges also remain in translating discoveries into therapeutics that will eventually benefit diabetic patients. This review aims to cover the advances made in the direct reprogramming of somatic cells into β-like cells and discuss the remaining challenges.</p>","PeriodicalId":9708,"journal":{"name":"Cellular reprogramming","volume":"24 5","pages":"252-258"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9634980/pdf/cell.2022.0048.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10470590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}