Case Studies in Thermal Engineering最新文献

{"title":"Performance analysis of a photovoltaic thermal system with ternary nanofluids cooling and dual phase change materials","authors":"Lin Yuanjian ,&nbsp;Abid A. Memon ,&nbsp;Hou Enran ,&nbsp;Mohamed R. Ali ,&nbsp;Amsalu Fenta","doi":"10.1016/j.csite.2025.106123","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.csite.2025.106123","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Photovoltaic-thermal (PV/T) systems offer a sustainable solution for electricity generation and energy conservation in developing countries. However, high operating temperatures can significantly reduce their efficiency. This study investigates the thermal performance of a PV/T system incorporating a cooling flow channel to regulate temperature and enhance electrical output while utilizing excess heat for practical applications. The system comprises glass, polycrystalline silicon, an absorber, and a flow channel employing ternary and water-based nanofluids. Two phase change materials (PCMs), paraffin octadecane wax (C₁₈H₃₈) and sodium sulfate decahydrate (Na₂SO₄·10H₂O), are embedded in the channel to enhance thermal regulation. Numerical simulations are conducted using COMSOL Multiphysics 6.0, employing a conjugate heat transfer approach to solve the continuity, momentum, and energy equations. The study considers steady, laminar, and Newtonian flow conditions and evaluates system performance under varying heat flux levels. Key parameters include Reynolds number (50–200), nanoparticle volume fraction (1 %–15 %), latent heat of melting (240–260 J/g), and ambient temperatures in Sukkur, Pakistan. Results indicate that paraffin wax undergoes phase transitions more rapidly than sodium sulfate decahydrate, whereas Na₂SO₄·10H₂O exhibits greater temperature variations due to higher inlet temperatures. Optimal thermal efficiency of 75.91 % is achieved at Re = 50, T_amb = 45 °C, and <span><math><mrow><mi>ϕ</mi></mrow></math></span> = 10 %.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9658,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies in Thermal Engineering","volume":"71 ","pages":"Article 106123"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143868864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accelerated discharging kinetics in zigzag- shaped triplex-tube latent heat storage with nano-modified phase change materials additives","authors":"Saleh Al Arni ,&nbsp;Hakim S. Sultan Aljibori ,&nbsp;Azher M. Abed ,&nbsp;Hayder I. Mohammed ,&nbsp;Jasim M. Mahdi ,&nbsp;Hussein Togun ,&nbsp;Abdellatif M. Sadeq ,&nbsp;Mohammad Ghalambaz ,&nbsp;Nidhal Ben Khedher","doi":"10.1016/j.csite.2025.106140","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.csite.2025.106140","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study explores efficient schemes to substantially accelerate the discharge rates of phase change materials contained in a zigzag-shaped triplex-tube heat exchanger. It comprehensively investigates how zigzag geometry, heat transfer fluid flow parameters, and nanoparticle additives affect PCM discharge characteristics. Introducing a high 67.5° zigzag angle produced a 43.8 W solidification rate, which improves discharge rate by 10.6 % over straight tubes by increasing heat transfer area and promoting vortex formation. Extending the zigzag length to 15 mm further boosted the rate by 61.5 %–157.4 W by expanding the heat exchange surface area. Increasing the Reynolds number of the heat transfer fluid from 250 to 500 enhanced the solidification rate by 26 %–157.4 W by augmenting convective heat transfer. Lowering the heat transfer fluid inlet temperature from 20 °C to 10 °C dramatically reduced solidification time by 75 %, from 1956 s to 774 s by accelerating phase transition kinetics. Furthermore, adding 4 % aluminum oxide nanoparticles improved the rate by 16 %–182 W by enhancing thermal conductivity. Combining optimal parameters (67.5° zigzag angle, 15 mm length, 500 Reynolds number, 10 °C inlet temperature, and 4 % aluminum oxide nanoparticles) achieved a remarkable 300 % increase in discharge rate, from 39.6 W to 198.4 W compared to baseline straight tube configurations with pure phase change material.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9658,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies in Thermal Engineering","volume":"70 ","pages":"Article 106140"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143843792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mathematical modelling of simultaneous hydrogenation of benzene and ethane dehydrogenation in a membrane reactor","authors":"Dongdong Zhao ,&nbsp;Jingwei Meng ,&nbsp;Xuemei Lin","doi":"10.1016/j.csite.2025.106133","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.csite.2025.106133","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Membrane reactors for hydrogen production are interesting devices that allow us to perform dehydrogenation and hydrogenation reactions in one system simultaneously. In this work, a two-dimensional mathematical model has been developed for the investigation of mass and heat transfer in a membrane reactor where both ethane dehydrogenation reaction and benzene hydrogenation are carried out at the same time. The effect of inlet temperatures and porosity in both sides of the membrane reactor on the performance of the system has been investigated. The results showed that the benzene conversion is 0.14 %, 0.18 %, and 0.07 % at tube side inlet temperatures of 700 K, 800 K, and 900 K. It means that there is an optimum inlet temperature in the tube side of the membrane reactor. The increase in porosity from 0.3 % to 0.8 % in the shell side results in a decrease in the conversion of both benzene and ethane in the system. Also, the outlet temperatures were decreased in both sides with the increase of shell side porosity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9658,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies in Thermal Engineering","volume":"71 ","pages":"Article 106133"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143852154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The calculus simulation to predict reliably heat transfer coefficient","authors":"Kang Dai ,&nbsp;Lu Qin ,&nbsp;Yanliu Guo ,&nbsp;Yunjing Liang ,&nbsp;Yannan Yang ,&nbsp;Dan Zhao ,&nbsp;Xincai Xiao","doi":"10.1016/j.csite.2025.106114","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.csite.2025.106114","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Strengthening heat transfer for energy conservation challenges current longer times and higher experimental costs on laboratory scale test, pilot scale test, industrialized production. It is critical to develop an effective and efficient method to simulate process of the heat transfer. Here, a calculus method to predict heat transfer coefficient was reported for the first time. The straight tube heat transfer equipment is the classic and the most studied type. The corrugated tube is like straight tube, consists of short straight section and corrugated section, which can strengthen effect of the heat transfer because of changing fluid field resulting from the corrugated section. According to the calculus principle, a single corrugated tube was chosen as researched object to rule out the effects of fluid inter-disturbance devised from multi-tubes. And a microunit of the corrugated tube acted as a short straight tube unit and computed micro-heat-transfer-coefficient, finally a integral heat transfer coefficient was obtained. The results demonstrate that the integral heat transfer coefficient was generally greater than the traditional value obtained under the equivalent diameter method while in recognition of the engineering error range. Collectively, the effectiveness demonstrates the potentiality of the calculus method on obtaining the integral heat transfer coefficient and designing shape function of heat transfer tubes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9658,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies in Thermal Engineering","volume":"70 ","pages":"Article 106114"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143828288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heat transfer analysis of the Marangoni effect around a surface gas bubble in a microchannel","authors":"Zhenlin Wei,&nbsp;Weidong Shangguan,&nbsp;Shixing Xu,&nbsp;Dayong Li","doi":"10.1016/j.csite.2025.106127","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.csite.2025.106127","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>An in-depth numerical investigation was conducted to explore the impact of the Marangoni effect around a surface bubble on the heat transfer performance in a microchannel. By comparing the average Nusselt numbers of the system in scenarios with or without bubbles on the lower wall of a microchannel, as well as the presence or absence of the Marangoni effect around bubbles, the fluid's heat transfer performance in the microchannel under different Reynolds number (<em>Re</em>) and temperature difference (<em>ΔT</em>) was investigated. It was found that surface bubbles significantly enhance the fluid's heat transfer efficiency. When the Marangoni effect is present, the heat transfer efficiency in the microchannel is considerably improved compared to when bubbles do not exhibit the Marangoni effect. This enhancement becomes more pronounced as the temperature difference increases and diminishes with rising <em>Re</em>. Most notably, at a constant <em>ΔT</em>, the heat transfer efficiency exhibited its maximum growth rate (<em>τ</em>) when <em>Re</em> fell in the scale of 5–12. Our research illuminates crucial understanding of how the Marangoni effect of bubbles enhances heat transfer within confined fluid systems, providing valuable guidance for determining suitable parameters, such as temperature difference and Reynolds number, in applications like microchannel heat exchangers and related technologies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9658,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies in Thermal Engineering","volume":"70 ","pages":"Article 106127"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143834615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of the thermophysical properties of PCMs with novel ionic liquid assisted nanocomposite for sustainable thermal energy storage application","authors":"Mumtahina Mim ,&nbsp;Khairul Habib ,&nbsp;Sazratul Nayeem Farabi ,&nbsp;Md Abu Zaed ,&nbsp;R. Saidur","doi":"10.1016/j.csite.2025.106117","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.csite.2025.106117","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>PCMs manage energy storage and heat transfer by taking in and releasing energy during phase transitions, usually between solid and liquid states. When PCMs melt, they absorb a significant amount of heat, and when they solidify, they release this heat, making them effective for thermal energy storage and transfer. However, their effectiveness is limited by low thermal conductivity and inconsistent performance due to supercooling. It is important to extend the research scope by exploring suitable nanocomposites to address the thermal property challenges faced by PCMs. In this research, a first-of-its-kind ionic liquid-assisted binary nanocomposite has been synthesized and studied to facilitate the performance issues along with property enhancement of PCMs. The novel nanocomposite has been integrated with RT-54 in 0.2 wt%, 0.4 wt% and 0.6 wt%. The nanocomposite prepared by EMIMBF ionic-liquid and AlN&amp;LiNO₃ demonstrated superior thermal conductivity with a rise of 13.69 % from the base RT-54. Light absorbance enhanced up to 206.67 % with augmented chemical and thermal stability. A heating-cooling cycle experiment ensured an elevated range of heat gain with 37.16 % photo-to-thermal storage efficiency in this study. The EMIMBF&amp;AlN&amp;LiNO₃ can be utilized in low-temperature PV/T frameworks to address efficiency reduction in PV cells, with the rise of temperature.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9658,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies in Thermal Engineering","volume":"70 ","pages":"Article 106117"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143828284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evolution and model prediction of mechanical ventilation temperature field in high-geotemperature tunnels: Experimental analysis and machine learning","authors":"Feng Huang ,&nbsp;Song Wang ,&nbsp;Shuping Jiang ,&nbsp;Dong Yang ,&nbsp;Zheng Hu ,&nbsp;Aichen Zheng","doi":"10.1016/j.csite.2025.106135","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.csite.2025.106135","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Some problems remain in the mechanical-ventilation cooling of high-geotemperature tunnels, such as the lack of a basis for ventilation parameter design and unclear cooling effect. These significantly affect construction progress and personnel safety. Therefore, based on a self-developed ventilation and cooling test platform for high-geotemperature tunnels, the evolution laws and prediction of the temperature field in tunnel under mechanical ventilation were studied. With a focus on two key factors, the surrounding rock temperature and ventilation wind speed of high-geotemperature tunnels, 20 types of ventilation cooling tests were designed for dry-hot high-geotemperature tunnels. Through a cross-sectional monitoring of key points, including the crown, shoulder, and side wall in the tunnel, the cooling effect of the longitudinal ambient temperature and working face area of the tunnel were studied. The results show that mechanical ventilation can effectively reduce the ambient temperature inside high-geotemperature tunnels, and the temperature drop is positively correlated with both rock temperature and wind speed. However, the cooling effect of the tunnel was limited at specific wind speeds, and ventilation alone does not result in a continuous decrease in temperature. Therefore, when surrounding rock temperature is 40 °C and the ventilation speed is 4.4 m/s, the temperature of the tunnel face area in the tunnel can be reduced to 28 °C or below. When the temperature of the surrounding rock exceeds 60 °C, ventilation alone cannot ensure that the temperature in the tunnel is suitable. On this basis, taking the historical monitoring data of the tunnel test as input parameters, a method for predicting the ambient temperature of high-geotemperature tunnels ventilation is proposed, which integrates convolutional neural network (CNN) and bidirectional long short-term memory network (BiLSTM). This realizes the prediction of the ambient temperature for the tunnel ventilation in the future. The results show that the regression value (<em>R</em>²), mean absolute error (<em>MAE</em>) and root mean square error (<em>RMSE</em>) of the ventilation environment temperature prediction model based on pearson correlation coefficient feature screening and CNN-BiLSTM model are 0.94,1.39 and 1.68, respectively. The error between the prediction results and the experimental monitoring values is small, and it has good prediction performance and generalization ability. These findings have practical significance for the design of ventilation duct layouts and cooling strategies in high-geotemperature tunnel constructions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9658,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies in Thermal Engineering","volume":"70 ","pages":"Article 106135"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143843793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel waste heat-driven methane reforming membrane reactor and parametric optimization study combining CFD simulation and response surface methodology","authors":"Jingyu Wang ,&nbsp;Lei Wang ,&nbsp;Leilei Shen ,&nbsp;Yuqi Shen ,&nbsp;Yuqi Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.csite.2025.106111","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.csite.2025.106111","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>High-temperature waste gas can drive the methane reforming reaction to produce hydrogen; however, existing reactors suffer from significant heat and mass transfer resistance and inefficient operating parameter configurations. To address these challenges, a novel composite membrane reactor was proposed in this study, with operating parameters optimized using the response surface methodology (RSM). A multi-physics coupling model of the reactor was developed through computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations. A comparable study demonstrated that the novel reactor significantly outperforms the traditional double-tube reactor, achieving an improvement of up to 15.88 % in waste heat utilization efficiency. Single-factor experiments showed that the effects of key operating parameters on methane conversion (<em>X</em>_CH4), hydrogen yield (<em>Y</em>_H2), and waste heat utilization efficiency (<em>η</em>) vary significantly. Then the Plackett-Burman (PB) experiment was employed to screen the three most important influencing factors, which were used as input variables for the Box-Behnken Design (BBD) experiment. A quadratic polynomial was fitted to describe the relationship between the input and output variables, where the <em>R</em>² values for the expressions of <em>X</em>_CH4, <em>Y</em>_H2, and <em>η</em> were all above 0.99. The optimal operating parameters that simultaneously maximize <em>X</em>_CH4, <em>Y</em>_H2, and <em>η</em> were obtained, where <em>X</em>_CH4, <em>Y</em>_H2, and <em>η</em> were 99.83%, 86.37%, and 39.07%, respectively. This study improved the performance of a methane reforming reactor with waste heat recovery through structural design and operational parameter optimization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9658,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies in Thermal Engineering","volume":"70 ","pages":"Article 106111"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143838938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hydro-thermal analysis of magnetize nanofluid inside pyramid shape enclosure under the effect of non-uniform heating","authors":"Muhammad Aqib Aslam ,&nbsp;Lele Yang ,&nbsp;Xiaodong Chen ,&nbsp;Hasan Shahzad ,&nbsp;Ke Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.csite.2025.106105","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.csite.2025.106105","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the heat transfer enhancement in a non-uniform magnetize nanofluid flow inside a pyramid shape cavity with hot circular obstacle. Non-uniform heating is applied at the bottom wall, and scaling is used to convert the governing equations into dimensionless form. The Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) approach is employed to solve the equations. Numerical results are presented through streamlines and isotherms. The Nusselt number (<em>Nu</em>) and entropy generation are calculated to assess heat transfer. Results show a 4.75 % decrease in heat transfer rate as the nanoparticle volume fraction (φ) varies from 0 to 0.04, and a further 6.31 % reduction as the Hartmann number (<em>Ha</em>) increases from 0 to 20. The Nusselt number for non-uniform heating amplitude <span><math><mrow><mi>I</mi></mrow></math></span> (from 0.5 to 0.9) displays a significant increase of up to 39 % as Hartmann number increases from 0 to 20, while showing an overall decrease of approximately 41 % across frequency (<span><math><mrow><mi>f</mi></mrow></math></span> = 0, 1 and 3) as the <span><math><mrow><mi>H</mi><mi>a</mi></mrow></math></span> increases from 0 to 100. Entropy generation decreases significantly, by approximately 67 % for <span><math><mrow><mi>φ</mi></mrow></math></span> (0–0.02), 59 % for <span><math><mrow><mi>I</mi></mrow></math></span> (0.05–1) and 57 % for <span><math><mrow><mi>f</mi></mrow></math></span> (0–3), as <span><math><mrow><mi>H</mi><mi>a</mi></mrow></math></span> increases from (0–100). Kinetic energy decreases for increasing frequency <span><math><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>f</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></math></span>, Rayleigh number <span><math><mrow><mo>(</mo><mrow><mi>R</mi><mi>a</mi></mrow><mo>)</mo></mrow></math></span>, and inclination angle <span><math><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>γ</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></math></span>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9658,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies in Thermal Engineering","volume":"70 ","pages":"Article 106105"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143834613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Numerical analysis of thermal resistivity impact on magnetohydrodynamic squeezing flow of Casson ternary nanofluid with chemical reaction","authors":"Nur Azlina Mat Noor ,&nbsp;Nur Adilah Abd Jalil ,&nbsp;Suguna a p Olakanathan","doi":"10.1016/j.csite.2025.106110","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.csite.2025.106110","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The investigation of mass and heat transfer of hydromagnetic flow on Casson ternary nanofluid across squeeze two surfaces in a permeable medium with radiative heat transfer and chemical reaction are studied. The mixture of three type of nanoparticles, graphene Gr, graphene oxide GO and silver Ag in the Casson fluid is dissolved in sodium alginate <span><math><mrow><mo>(</mo><mrow><msub><mi>C</mi><mn>6</mn></msub><msub><mi>H</mi><mn>9</mn></msub><mi>N</mi><mi>a</mi><msub><mi>O</mi><mn>7</mn></msub></mrow><mo>)</mo></mrow></math></span> as the base fluid. Similarity variables is implemented to discretize the governing equations and solved by Keller-box techniques. The outputs are validated and presented in excellent agreement with the existing outputs. The influences of MHD, squeezing, permeable medium, nanoparticles volume fraction, heat radiation and chemical reaction on physical behavior of the flow are examined. The graphical outputs depict the temperature, concentration, rate of mass and thermal transfer, and wall shear stress in the fluid flow is the highest for ternary nanofluids compared to binary and mono nanofluids. Moreover, the fluid flow increases when squeezing the plates, while it decreases in the centre of channel for enhancing <span><math><mrow><mi>H</mi><mi>a</mi></mrow></math></span>, <span><math><mrow><mi>D</mi><mi>a</mi></mrow></math></span> and <span><math><mrow><msub><mi>ϕ</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></mrow></math></span>. The deceleration of heat transfer rate and temperature shown with rising of <span><math><mrow><msub><mi>ϕ</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></mrow></math></span> and <span><math><mrow><msub><mi>R</mi><mi>d</mi></msub></mrow></math></span>. The mass transfer rate declines and concentration elevates for constructive chemical reaction, while contradict results is presented for destructive chemical reaction.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9658,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies in Thermal Engineering","volume":"70 ","pages":"Article 106110"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143834614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}