Advanced thermal management in radiology equipment: Numerical and semi-analytical analysis of flat heat pipes

The integration of flat heat pipes (FHPs) into radiology devices presents a promising solution to the persistent thermal management challenges in high-performance imaging systems, such as X-ray machines and computed tomography (CT) scanners. Effective heat dissipation is essential to ensure reliable operation, maintain image quality, and prolong component lifespan. This study is motivated by the need to better understand vapor and liquid flow behavior in asymmetrical flat plate heat pipes used in such systems. Advanced techniques—specifically the Least Squares Method (LSM) and the fourth-order Runge-Kutta-Fehlberg (RKF) algorithm, are employed to conduct a comprehensive analytical investigation of heat pipe performance. The significance of this research lies in its focus on key parameters, namely the condenser-to-evaporator length ratio (β) and Reynolds number (Re), and their impact on dimensionless velocity and pressure profiles. The model demonstrates strong agreement with numerical results, validating its accuracy and practical relevance. Findings show that increasing β shifts the peak velocity upward in the evaporator, while higher Re values slightly reduce pressure drop in the evaporator and significantly increase pressure in the condenser. These insights offer valuable guidance for optimizing heat pipe design and integration, supporting more efficient and reliable thermal management in radiological equipment.