Case Studies in Thermal Engineering最新文献

{"title":"Performance analysis of control valves for a novel adsorption chiller with thermal energy storage","authors":"Tagne Takote Brice Clausel ,&nbsp;Cosmas Anyanwu ,&nbsp;Mkpamdi Eke ,&nbsp;Charity Mokom","doi":"10.1016/j.csite.2025.106015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.csite.2025.106015","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study analyzed the control valve of an innovative solar-driven adsorption chiller, which regulates refrigerant flow during adsorption and desorption processes. The novelty of the system includes heat and mass recovery model working with thermal energy storage. Using Arduino Uno R3 and ANSYS Discovery, the control element of control loop was simulated and predicted by analyzing the valve's flow characteristics and thermal behaviour. The results showed good accuracy in time response for the on-and-off electromagnetic process. The optimal cycle times were determined as 360s for adsorption, 420s for desorption, and 50s for recovery model. The program code and simulation were then implemented into the hardware Arduino card to control the valve. The study found that the valve's structure and stroke were not affected by the maximum pressure and temperature of 9.989 kPa and 120 °C respectively. The amount of distortion energy obtained in terms of Von Mises stress was found to be 85100Pa. The results also showed a linear relationship between flow capacity and valve stroke, with a minimal pressure drop of 5 × 10⁻⁴ due to the small pipe diameter. Overall, this study can predict various scales adsorption chiller's time response and control valve's behaviour using heat and mass recovery model.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9658,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies in Thermal Engineering","volume":"69 ","pages":"Article 106015"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143654628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Innovative experimental investigation of a solar dryer with an evacuated tube solar air heater and various thermal energy storage techniques","authors":"Habib Ben Bacha ,&nbsp;Abanob Joseph ,&nbsp;A.S. Abdullah ,&nbsp;Swellam W. Sharshir","doi":"10.1016/j.csite.2025.106018","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.csite.2025.106018","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Solar drying systems are energy-efficient, and their performance can be improved with integrated thermal storage materials to stabilize the intermittent radiation input from the sun. To that effect, this paper attempts to make an appraisal of three different types of solar dryers: an evacuated tube air solar heater-based indirect solar dryer, a solar dryer integrated with latent thermal storage, and a solar dryer coupled with latent heat thermal storage and granite pieces. It aims at finding the impact of those changes on drying rates, thermal efficiency, and general system performance. The results reveal that Case 1 achieved an average moisture removal rate of 0.072 kg/h, a final mass ratio of 0.62, a drying efficiency of 9.59 %, and an overall efficiency of 4.66 %. Case 2, with latent heat storage, followed by a moisture removal rate of 0.091 kg/h, a mass ratio of 0.54, a drying efficiency of 11.27 %, and an overall efficiency of 5.89 %. In comparison, Case 3, using latent heat storage combined with granite pieces achieved the highest performance, with a moisture removal rate of 0.101 kg/h, a mass ratio of 0.49, a drying efficiency of 13.67 %, and an overall efficiency of 6.39 %.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9658,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies in Thermal Engineering","volume":"69 ","pages":"Article 106018"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143666415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Temperature measuring points selection based on the effect of thermal deformation of components","authors":"Haiyang Liu ,&nbsp;Xianying Feng ,&nbsp;Yandong Liu ,&nbsp;Ming Yao ,&nbsp;Anning Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.csite.2025.106009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.csite.2025.106009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Modeling and compensation are important methods to reduce the impact of thermal error on the accuracy for machine tools. However, the premise for obtaining good results is the appropriate selection of key temperature measuring points (KTMPs). The current selection methods are inconsistent with the selection results of varying operating conditions, resulting in low accuracy and poor generalization of the established models. Therefore, a novel method for selecting KTMPs by the effect of thermal deformations of components (ETDC) is proposed. Firstly, a thermal deformation model of typical components is constructed based on Fourier's law, and the thermal deformation mechanism of components is described. The spatial transmission model is constructed by the transfer mechanism of deformation errors in the mating surfaces and homogeneous coordinate transformation. The transmission model demonstrated that the thermal deformations of all the components continuously accumulate in the motion transfer chain, eventually affecting the thermal errors. Based on this conclusion, the novel method for selecting KTMPs is proposed. Then, a high-precision thermal model is constructed, the contribution of each component to the generation of thermal errors is analyzed. The analysis result guides the selection of the KTMPs. Finally, the method proposed is compared with two traditional methods of KTMPs selection. The results of the comparison show that the selection results of ETDC do not change when the operating conditions and modeling objects change, and the RMSE decreased by 26.48 % and 19.39 %, and the MAE decreased by 22.06 % and 16.01 %. The results demonstrate that the models using ETDC can not only significantly enhance the prediction performance, but also improve the generalization and simplify the experimental and modeling process.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9658,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies in Thermal Engineering","volume":"69 ","pages":"Article 106009"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143654630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of extraction well assisted by the fault on thermal recovery performance in hydrothermal system","authors":"Wentao Hou ,&nbsp;Jinghong Yan ,&nbsp;Dan Ma ,&nbsp;Heming Su ,&nbsp;Qiang Li","doi":"10.1016/j.csite.2025.105962","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.csite.2025.105962","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In hydrothermal system, the fault acting as the fluid pathway to assist extraction wells for extracting hydrothermal resources is being concerned. In this study, a coupled thermal-hydraulic-mechanical model of a fault-controlled hydrothermal system was established. The spatiotemporal evolution of the temperature-seepage field in thermal recovery system was revealed, and effects of fault physical characteristics, extraction parameters and well distance on thermal recovery performance were analyzed. The results show that, with the prolongation of extraction time (0–20 years), the thermal recovery performance of the fracture-controlled hydrothermal system is significantly better than conventional hydrothermal system. With the permeability of fault rocks transforms from isotropic to anisotropic, the production power of hydrothermal system increases. In the unbalanced extraction scheme, the production power decreases with the reduction of the extraction flow rate of the middle well. Three extraction schemes were studied, and the hydrothermal system has a better thermal recovery performance when the scheme with a smaller imbalance coefficient. In addition, it is found that with the shortening of the distance between the extraction well and the recharge well, the production power decreases significantly.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9658,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies in Thermal Engineering","volume":"69 ","pages":"Article 105962"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143609845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Three-dimensional analysis of thermohydraulic performance in corrugated channels with embedded baffles: Optimization of heat transfer and energy efficiency","authors":"Jamal-Eddine Salhi ,&nbsp;Tarik Zarrouk ,&nbsp;Tabish Alam ,&nbsp;Md Irfanul Haque Siddiqui ,&nbsp;Dan Dobrotă ,&nbsp;Mohd Aamir Mumtaz","doi":"10.1016/j.csite.2025.106019","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.csite.2025.106019","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study conducts a three-dimensional thermohydraulic analysis of wavy channels equipped with embedded baffles on the upper wall, aiming to optimize heat transfer while minimizing pressure losses. The efficiency of heat exchangers is crucial in many industrial applications, and research efforts have focused on improving their performance through geometric modifications. In this context, baffles play a significant role in increasing turbulence and enhancing heat transfer. Three channel configurations were examined: smooth walls, wavy walls, and wavy walls with rectangular baffles. Numerical simulations validated the model's reliability, with discrepancies below 6.49 % for configurations without baffles and 1.82 % for those with baffles. The results indicate that a baffle height of 5 mm achieves optimal thermal performance, yielding a thermal performance factor of 6.70394 at a Reynolds number of 6000. The introduction of perforated baffles allowed for the exploration of alternative geometries, although increasing the number of perforations reduced the Nusselt number due to decreased recirculation and fluid mixing. For the studied Reynolds number range (1000–6000), the thermal performance factor varies between 6.6022 and 6.7908, depending on the configuration. Models (2) and (4) stand out for their ability to offer an excellent trade-off between thermal performance and energy cost, outperforming the performance of smooth channels. These findings highlight the potential of wavy channels with optimized baffles to enhance the efficiency of thermal systems. Future studies could explore more complex variants of perforated baffles or integrate high-thermal-conductivity materials to further improve performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9658,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies in Thermal Engineering","volume":"69 ","pages":"Article 106019"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143636235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on the evolutions of temperature and oxygen in the goaf of nearly vertical coal seam after low-temperature nitrogen injection","authors":"Gang Wang ,&nbsp;Shuliang Xie ,&nbsp;Enmao Wang ,&nbsp;Ruida Hao","doi":"10.1016/j.csite.2025.106021","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.csite.2025.106021","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The near vertical coal seam adopts a segmented mining method to form a layered composite goaf, and its spontaneous combustion law is more complex. In order to understand the evolution law of temperature and oxygen after injecting low-temperature nitrogen into the goaf, the changes in oxygen and temperature before and after injecting low-temperature nitrogen into the goaf were analyzed through on-site observation and CFD numerical simulation. The results showed that after injecting low-temperature nitrogen into the goaf, the oxidation zone decreased by 10.7 m, and the return air corner temperature of this layer and the upper layer decreased by 16.6 K and 12 K, respectively, CO decreased to 0 mg/L; As the injection time of low-temperature nitrogen gas increases, the influence range of low-temperature nitrogen gas gradually increases, and the temperature and oxygen concentration in the goaf continue to decrease to below 283 K. The highest oxygen concentration in this layer's goaf is about 6 %, while the upper layer's goaf is less affected by low-temperature nitrogen gas than this layer's goaf, and the oxygen concentration decreases to 6.8 %. This study provides theoretical support for the prevention and control of coal spontaneous combustion in goaf areas near vertical coal seams.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9658,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies in Thermal Engineering","volume":"69 ","pages":"Article 106021"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143628431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CFD-based optimization of solar water heating systems: Integrating evacuated tube and flat plate collectors for enhanced efficiency","authors":"Mukilarasan Nedunchezhiyan ,&nbsp;Sathiyamoorthi Ramalingam ,&nbsp;Poyyamozhi Natesan ,&nbsp;Senthil Sampath","doi":"10.1016/j.csite.2025.106017","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.csite.2025.106017","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The current research aims to explore the dynamic movement of fluid and heat involved in a hybrid solar water heating system using CFD. It introduces evacuated tube collectors, integrating these into solar flat plate collectors. This experiment aims to explore and understand how velocity, pressure, temperature, and streamline flows in turbulent kinetic energy are affected under varying fluid flow rates ranging from 1 lpm to 10 lpm. The results show that the lower flow rates, specifically 1 lpm and 4 lpm, promote better fluid flow in the collector array, thus leading to optimal convective heat transfer. Pressure distribution is found to be a predominant factor in influencing the heat transfer efficiency, as it increases linearly from inlet to outlet due to an increased flow rate. For example, although the pressure fluctuation ranges may differ by 39.3 % from inlet to outlet, the flow rate is at 1 lpm, temperature distribution varies with a different flow rate where the inlet temperature peaks at an efficiency of 68.5 % at a flow rate of 1 lpm. The investigation considered the turbulent effects induced by the water and utilized the usual k-ε turbulent model. Turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) also escalates with higher flow rates, ranging from 97.5 % at 1 lpm to 98.9 % at 10 lpm. To obtain convergence of the governing equations, the investigation was carried out under conditions that were considered to be quasi-static. A total of one thousand (1000) iterations were utilized. A high-resolution advection methodology was applied in the research, and first-order turbulence was added to the analysis. A residual of 0.0001 was established as the necessary condition for convergence for each and every one of the governing equations. The study emphasizes the significance of optimizing flow rates for enhanced efficiency and productivity in solar water heating systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9658,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies in Thermal Engineering","volume":"69 ","pages":"Article 106017"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143628427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on the characteristics of secondary oxidation and the key reactive groups of fire area coal by different cooling rates","authors":"Xun Zhang ,&nbsp;Ronghai Sun ,&nbsp;Bing Lu ,&nbsp;Ge Huang ,&nbsp;Ling Qiao ,&nbsp;Huimin Liang","doi":"10.1016/j.csite.2025.106014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.csite.2025.106014","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In order to reveal the effects of different cooling rates (slow and rapid) on the secondary oxidation characteristics of coal in coalfield fire area (primary heating to 180 °C). Simultaneous thermal analysis (TG-DSC), programmed heating and in situ Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) experiments were used. Thermodynamic analysis as well as Pearson and grey correlation analyses were used to analyze the low-temperature oxidation processes in raw coal and in coal from the fire area that underwent different cooling rates. The results showed that there was a significant difference of coal. The maximum cumulative heat release of raw coal was 35.942 J. The slow cooling (SC) and rapid cooling (RC) coals were only 17.188 and 23.761 J. At 200 °C, the CO production of the raw coal was 8432 ppm, and the SC and RC coals were 521 and 1166 ppm higher than it, respectively. In the correlation analysis, it was found that the key reactive groups in SC coal were -CH₂ and -COOH, whereas in RC coal it was -CH₂. There are two fundamental reasons for the difference: (1) SC coal accumulated more -COOH groups. (2) The -CH₂ groups of RC coal are more easily oxidized than those of SC coal.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9658,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies in Thermal Engineering","volume":"69 ","pages":"Article 106014"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143609746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Numerical investigation of oscillating jet film cooling on a flat plate for enhanced thermal management in high-temperature turbine applications","authors":"Abdalazeem Adam ,&nbsp;Weifeng He ,&nbsp;Pengfei Su ,&nbsp;Dong Han ,&nbsp;Chen Wang ,&nbsp;Shuo Dai ,&nbsp;Omer Musa","doi":"10.1016/j.csite.2025.105972","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.csite.2025.105972","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Jet film cooling is essential for ensuring the thermal integrity of turbine blades in high-temperature environments. Previous research highlights the need for optimized cooling methods to enhance turbine component performance and longevity. This study examines the use of a fluidic oscillator in the cooling process, addressing the increasing demand for efficient and durable turbine designs. The focus is on evaluating the effectiveness of jet film cooling on high-temperature hydrogen turbine blades and understanding how factors such as cooling air velocities, hot gas compositions, and wet air cooling influence temperature distribution and flow behavior. Utilizing the Eulerian-Lagrangian method, the study presents quantitative findings based on varying cooling inlet velocities. At a cooling inlet velocity of 30 m/s, maximum blade temperatures near the cooling entrance reach 1217 K, while temperatures decrease to 866 K at the outlet. Increasing the inlet velocity to 40 m/s results in a maximum temperature rise to 1222 K, accompanied by increased turbulence. At 50 m/s, temperatures reach their peak at 1250 K due to vortex formation, with vortex areas showing a decrease in temperature to 820 K. Notably, the research indicates that variations in hot gas composition have minimal impact on the cooling process, while wet air cooling effectively lowers temperatures in the mixing area, leading to a more uniform film on the hot surface. Overall, the findings confirm that oscillating jet film cooling serves as an efficient approach for enhancing thermal management in turbine blade applications, paving the way for practical implementations in cooling systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9658,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies in Thermal Engineering","volume":"69 ","pages":"Article 105972"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143632098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancement in heat generation through ternary hybrid nanofluid in a periodic channel","authors":"Anum Tanveer ,&nbsp;Iram ,&nbsp;M.Z. Alqarni ,&nbsp;S. Saleem ,&nbsp;A. Al-Zubaidi","doi":"10.1016/j.csite.2025.106011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.csite.2025.106011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents a novel analysis of peristaltic flow involving a couple stress fluid embedded with a ternary hybrid nanofluid consisting of titanium dioxide (<span><math><mrow><mi>T</mi><mi>i</mi><msub><mi>O</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></mrow></math></span>), alumina (<span><math><mrow><mi>A</mi><msub><mi>l</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><msub><mi>O</mi><mn>3</mn></msub></mrow></math></span>), and copper (<span><math><mrow><mi>C</mi><mi>u</mi></mrow></math></span>) nanoparticles, with blood as the base fluid, in the presence of a magnetohydrodynamics. The investigation focuses on the combined influence of entropy generation, homogeneous-heterogeneous chemical reactions, thermal radiation, viscous dissipation, thermophoresis, Brownian motion and Joule heating. The governing equations of the system are transformed into dimensionless form and solved numerically using the NDSolve in Mathematica, based a fourth-order Runge-Kutta method for accurate and efficient results. Key findings reveal that entropy generation is significantly reduced—by up to <strong>12 %</strong> with an increase in the Hartmann number (M) and dimensionless temperature difference (<span><math><mrow><mi>Ω</mi></mrow></math></span>). Additionally, the inclusion of thermophoresis (Nt) and Brownian motion (Nb) enhances heat transfer, leading to a <strong>15 %</strong> increase in temperature profile compared to traditional nanofluid models. The concentration profile demonstrates a unique dependency, showing a <strong>10 %</strong> improvement with higher heterogeneous reaction rates (H) and Schmidt number (Sc), while the velocity profile decreases by <strong>15 %</strong> with elevated M, indicating precise control of flow behavior in MHD environments. Furthermore, the size of the trapped bolus decreases with increasing M, offering potential for enhanced biomedical applications, such as targeted drug delivery and controlled blood flow. This study is the first to explore the combined effects of ternary hybrid nanoparticles, couple stress fluids and MHD field on peristaltic motion with entropy generation. The findings provide new insights into optimizing thermal and fluid transport processes for advanced biomedical devices and industrial heat transfer systems. Specifically, the research supports the development of advanced peristaltic pump systems for drug delivery, waste removal and fluid transport in biophysiological environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9658,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies in Thermal Engineering","volume":"69 ","pages":"Article 106011"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143632097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}