Case Studies in Thermal Engineering最新文献

{"title":"Solar flat plate collectors with internally grooved absorber tubes for enhanced efficiency: Application of eXplainable artificial intelligence using cooperative game theory-based Shapley values","authors":"Y. Raja Sekhar ,&nbsp;L. Chilambarasan ,&nbsp;K.V. Sharma ,&nbsp;Praveen Kumar Kanti ,&nbsp;Prabhakar Sharma ,&nbsp;Prabhu Paramsivam ,&nbsp;Seshathiri Dhanasekaran","doi":"10.1016/j.csite.2025.105912","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.csite.2025.105912","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the impact of grooved absorber tubes on the efficiency of solar flat plate collectors (SFPCs). Conducted in Vellore, India, it compares plain tubes (case 1) with grooved tubes (cases 2 and 3) using water and glycol-water mixtures. Results show that grooved tubes significantly improved efficiency, particularly with glycol-water mixtures. Efficiency increased by up to 12 % in transient flow conditions and by 8 %–20 % across various flow rates compared to plain tubes. A 5 % increase in solar radiation led to a 7 % rise in effectiveness. Heat removal factors ranged from 0.66 to 0.69 for water and 0.76–0.78 for glycol-water. Case 2 exhibited the highest efficiency under transient flow, while case 1 had the lowest under laminar flow conditions. These findings suggest that grooved tubes significantly enhance SFPC performance. Three machine learning approaches—AdaBoost, K-Nearest Neighbors, and Tweedie regression—were employed for model prediction, utilizing SHapley Additive exPlanations for interpretability. The AdaBoost model outperformed with an MAE of 0.0150, MSE of 0.0003, RMSE of 0.0175, and R² of 0.8494. Key features identified by the model included groove pitch, ambient and glass plate temperatures, and solar radiation. These findings offer insights into enhancing SFPC efficiency through absorber unit adjustments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9658,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies in Thermal Engineering","volume":"68 ","pages":"Article 105912"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143474717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermal transport analysis for thermally radiating entropy induced bioconvective flow of Prandtl nanomaterial","authors":"Aneeta Razaq ,&nbsp;Tasawar Hayat ,&nbsp;Sohail A. Khan","doi":"10.1016/j.csite.2025.105890","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.csite.2025.105890","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nanofluid flow has attracted the attention of researchers across the globe. It is because of its innovative utilization in various industrial, manufacturing, pharmaceutical, engineering and nano cryosurgery fields. Here intension is to examine flow of Prandtl nanoliquid bounded by an infinite porous plate. Presence of gyrotactic microorganisms and heat generation is addressed. Physical features of irreversibility analysis in hydromagnetic flow are addressed. Thermal expression is discussed subject to magnetohydrodynamics, heat generation, dissipation and radiation. Innovative characteristics regarding Brownian diffusion and thermophoresis are also considered. Further chemical reaction of first order is discussed. The governing flow expression are converted into non-dimensional partial differential system through adequate variables. Numerical computations of resultant nonlinear partial differential system are developed by implementation of finite difference method (FDM). Consequences of various sundry parameters for flow, microorganism field, entropy generation, concentration and temperature are graphically explored. An intensification of thermal field and entropy rate for magnetic field noticed while reverse trend seen for velocity. Higher radiation variable on entropy rate and temperature has same effect. An opposite effect for concentration against random motion and chemical reaction is noticed. Reverse results for concentration and thermal distribution are detected for thermophoresis variable. A reduction in concentration occurs for Schmidt number. Higher Peclet number yields to microorganisms’ reduction. Entropy rate against Brinkman number is enhanced.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9658,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies in Thermal Engineering","volume":"68 ","pages":"Article 105890"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143464000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study of effects of constructed fins on melting of PCM in helical coil heat exchanger","authors":"S.A. Marzouk ,&nbsp;Fahad Awjah Almehmadi ,&nbsp;Ahmad Aljabr ,&nbsp;Maisa A. Sharaf ,&nbsp;Tabish Alam ,&nbsp;Dan Dobrotă","doi":"10.1016/j.csite.2025.105896","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.csite.2025.105896","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The PCM melting process using a helical coil heat exchanger with a plain tube, longitudinal fins, and constructed fins is investigated. Water serves as the heat transfer fluid and paraffin wax as the PCM. A numerical simulation by Ansys Fluent software is conducted to study the liquid fraction and temperature of the PCM with time and the effectiveness of the melting process. The numerical results illustrate a 52 % and 65 % liquid fraction increase with longitudinal fins and constructed fins, respectively. The melting time can be shortened for longitudinal fins by 29 % and for constructed fins by 50 %. The effectiveness of the PCM melting process decreases over time due to the reduction in water outlet temperature. Constructed fins improve melting efficiency by increasing surface area and heat transfer. Radial melting starts at the tube wall, driven by conduction and convection. Fins on the tube surface enhance heat transfer, shorten melting time, and increase liquid fraction, improving the overall performance of the PCM melting process.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9658,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies in Thermal Engineering","volume":"68 ","pages":"Article 105896"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143471332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intelligent computing technique to analyze the two-phase flow of dusty trihybrid nanofluid with Cattaneo-Christov heat flux model using Levenberg-Marquardt Neural-Networks","authors":"Cyrus Raza Mirza ,&nbsp;Munawar Abbas ,&nbsp;Sahar Ahmed Idris ,&nbsp;Y. Khan ,&nbsp;A. Alameer ,&nbsp;Adnan Burhan Rajab ,&nbsp;Saidjon Ismailov ,&nbsp;Abdullah A. Faqihi ,&nbsp;Ansar Abbas ,&nbsp;Nidhal Ben Khedher","doi":"10.1016/j.csite.2025.105891","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.csite.2025.105891","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study examines the characteristics of activation energy on the two-phase flow of a tri-hybrid nanofluid with variable thermal conductivity, viscous dissipation, and NHCMBM using a stochastic-based Levenberg-Marquardt backpropagated neural network (LMB-NN). The Darcy Forchheimer porous media characteristics is included in the momentum equation. The model of Cattaneo-Christov heat flux is employed to investigate the significance of heat transmission. The sigmoid function is utilized as the activation function in the hidden layer along with 20 neurons. Three different scenarios are covered by the suggested Levenberg-Marquardt scheme, which uses 15 % of the generated dataset for testing and training and 70 % of the data for network training. To confirm that the suggested method for solving the NHCMBM model is valid, comparisons between the outcomes of the LMB-NN approach and reference solutions are given. The efficacy of the method is confirmed by regression analysis, state transitions, MSE, correlation, and error histograms; nonetheless, its accuracy is impacted by absolute error. As the Marangoni convection factor increased, the results showed that the flow field of the dust and fluid phases increased while the solutal and thermal fields in both phases dropped.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9658,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies in Thermal Engineering","volume":"68 ","pages":"Article 105891"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143454085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-load knock detection of a marine micro-ignition diesel (DI) -natural gas (PFI) dual-fuel engine based on in-cylinder pressure signals","authors":"Nao Hu ,&nbsp;Fuze Liu ,&nbsp;Jianguo Yang ,&nbsp;Xianquan Zheng ,&nbsp;Liangtao Xie ,&nbsp;Hongmei Li ,&nbsp;Gang Chen ,&nbsp;He Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.csite.2025.105918","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.csite.2025.105918","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A new knock definition was proposed to satisfy the unified knock detection under various engine loads based on in-cylinder pressure signals. Knock indices such as maximum amplitude pressure oscillation (MAPO), maximum pressure rise rate (MPRR), peak pressure (P_max), arithmetic mean, standard deviation and so on were investigated.</div><div>The standard deviation and arithmetic mean were found to have a high correlation with MAPO. However, these knock indicators cannot use a fixed value to meet the requirements of knock detection under different engine loads. Time-frequency analysis was conducted to investigate the knock characteristics under various engine loads. There is a significant increase in the energy of 8–12 kHz frequency domain when knock occurs, which may use for effective knock detection. Further analysis of the cylinder pressure signal by using Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) revealed that the energy proportion of the 8–12 kHz energy segment in the D2 sub-band can well distinguish the knock phenomenon under different engine loads. Therefore, a new definition <em>P</em>_<em>n</em> which clearly distinguishes the knock cycles from normal cycles regardless of engine loads was proposed and validated by comparing it to the MAPO.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9658,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies in Thermal Engineering","volume":"68 ","pages":"Article 105918"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143509131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Energy transport in MHD Maxwell hybrid nanofluid flow over inclined stretching porous sheet with effects of chemical reaction, solar radiation and porous medium","authors":"Mdi Begum Jeelani ,&nbsp;Amir Abbas","doi":"10.1016/j.csite.2025.105915","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.csite.2025.105915","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The novel type of model of hybrid nanofluid attracted a lot of the attention of researchers due to wide-ranging physical applications in the energy producing, industrial and engineering fields. These fluids have enormous thermal performance compared to simple fluids and nanofluid engineering by the suspension of a single type of nanoparticles. Therefore, the current study is concerned with examining the heat and mass transfer process via hybrid nanofluid using non-Newtonian Maxwell liquid. The hybrid nanofluid fluid is engineered by the suspension of <span><math><mrow><mi>A</mi><msub><mi>l</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><msub><mi>O</mi><mn>3</mn></msub></mrow></math></span>-<span><math><mrow><mi>C</mi><mi>u</mi></mrow></math></span> in Ethylene Glycol. The flow is induced due to linear porous stretching inclined plate fixed at angle <span><math><mrow><mi>ζ</mi><mo>=</mo><mi>π</mi><mo>/</mo><mn>6</mn></mrow></math></span>. The flow geometry is porous and is embedded in a porous medium. The magnetohydrodynamic and suction effects are incorporated. The solar rays are included in the energy equation for heat transfer improvement. The shape of nanoparticles is taken as cylindrical form. The coupled equations are solved by bvp4c solver. The velocity field decreases for increasing magnetic field parameter, Maxwell fluid parameter, volume fractions of nanoparticles, and porosity parameter, but increases for increasing suction parameter. The temperature decreases against increasing values of magnetic field force, and suction parameter, but get rises for growing values of radiation parameter, and volume fractions. The concentration profile increases for increasing magnitudes of magnetic field parameters, porosity parameters, and volume fractions, but decreases for increasing chemical reaction parameter, and suction parameter. It has been noted that the purpose of the inclusion of thermal radiation is to enhance the temperature that is serving the purpose in the current work. The addition of Lorentz force is slow down the speed of the fluid to rise the boundary layer thickness which is visible in the current study. The increase in volume fraction of the nanoparticles is used to enhance the thermal performance of the hybrid nanofluid, which is evident in the current results. The current results are validated with the help comparison between current and previously published.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9658,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies in Thermal Engineering","volume":"68 ","pages":"Article 105915"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143446154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing gasification in downdraft fixed-bed gasifier through experimental and kinetic modeling","authors":"Hamado Ouedraogo,&nbsp;Sayon dit Sadio Sidibe,&nbsp;Yohan Richardson,&nbsp;Laetitia Zoungrana","doi":"10.1016/j.csite.2025.105910","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.csite.2025.105910","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Gasification is an effective way of converting biomass into electricity. However, determining optimal conditions to reach higher temperature gradients and ensure thermal stability of the reactors for syngas production is challenging. This paper presents a hybrid static and dynamic model for optimizing fixed-bed biomass gasification using experimental data. A reduction-model has been developed and simulated using MATLAB to optimize the reduction process, which involves the most important reactions in syngas production. The analytical results show significant improvements, with the volume fractions of CO increasing from the initial value of 15.10 % to the simulated value of 30.77 % between 650 °C and 1000 °C, and H₂ rising from 7.39 % to 18.76 % at the same temperatures. Thus, the increase in temperature leads to a slight increase in the volume fraction of CH₄ from its initial value of 3.16 % to the maximum simulated value of 4.33 %. Cold gas efficiency (CGE) rises from the initial value 36.60 % to the calculated value of 71.53 % and carbon conversion efficiency (CCE) increases from 62.37 % to 97.99 % between 650 °C and 1000 °C. The reduction kinetic model identified an optimum 1000 °C initial reduction-zone temperature and 0.3m minimum reduction-zone depth. This model is applicable for determining optimal operational parameters in fixed-bed gasification process.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9658,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies in Thermal Engineering","volume":"68 ","pages":"Article 105910"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143446052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced understanding of peristaltic flow in a uniform channel with Hall current and Joule heating: A study on the effects of a mixed convective Jeffrey fluid","authors":"Hanumesh Vaidya ,&nbsp;D. Tripathi ,&nbsp;Salah Saadaoui ,&nbsp;C. Rajashekhar ,&nbsp;Maimona Rafiq ,&nbsp;Barno Sayfutdinovna Abdullaeva ,&nbsp;Meznah M. Alanazi ,&nbsp;K.V. Prasad","doi":"10.1016/j.csite.2025.105917","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.csite.2025.105917","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The effects of a magnetic field, a Hall current, and Joule heating on the peristaltic motion of a mixed convective Jeffrey fluid in a uniform channel are examined here. The study investigates a wide range of slip situations, with several waveforms used to characterize the flow being taken into account. To investigate this intricate phenomenon, we use the ND solution method to numerically solve a set of modified coupled equations under the long wavelength approximation and in the low Reynolds number regime. As well as numerical answers, this study uses graphical and tabular representations to shed light on several critical physical aspects. Some heat and mass movement indicators within the fluid are the skin friction, the Nusselt number, and the Sherwood number. Hall current and Joule heating contribute to an increased temperature field, whereas a more powerful magnetic field slows the flow dynamics. Hall current and the resultant magnetic effect, a fascinating interaction, are dissected in great detail. The intriguing phenomenon of bolus motion is also investigated, providing a fuller picture of this complex flow pattern and its possible uses.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9658,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies in Thermal Engineering","volume":"68 ","pages":"Article 105917"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143471336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Configuration optimization for offset strip plate-fin heat exchanger using a method of PID-based search algorithm driving design indicators mathematical model","authors":"Zhe Xu ,&nbsp;Zongling Yu ,&nbsp;Xin Ning ,&nbsp;Changyin Zhao ,&nbsp;Fuquan Nie","doi":"10.1016/j.csite.2025.105901","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.csite.2025.105901","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>One design indicators mathematical model considering temperature change influences on fluid physical properties was constructed to calculate heat transfer capacity and weight for offset strip plate-fin heat exchanger (OSPFHX). Separately compared to experimental data and three-dimensional model weighing data, heat transfer capacity calculation average error and weight calculation error are 7.47 % and 1.22 %, respectively. Parametric study based on Sobol’ was performed, and found that the influences of the seven configuration parameters are conflicted, and whether the interactions among parameters are considered or not, the contributions of cold-side fins wave pitch and hot-side layers number separately to heat transfer capacity and weight are the highest. A strategy of PID-based search algorithm (PSA) driving design indicators mathematical model was proposed for OSPFHX configuration optimization. After optimization, compared to the original configuration, heat transfer capacity increases by 35.52 % while weight decreases by 51.20 %. Compared to GOOSE algorithm, Invasive Weed Optimization, and Particle Swarm Optimization, PSA achieves the high convergence efficiency and the adequate ability to escape local optima both, and performs the best with the highest computational efficiency among them. These proposed methods are effective and reliable, which can provide meaningful guidance for heat exchanger design.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9658,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies in Thermal Engineering","volume":"68 ","pages":"Article 105901"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143480557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating the performance of adsorption chiller operating under fluctuating heat-source conditions","authors":"Zhipeng Hua,&nbsp;Shanshan Cai,&nbsp;Hongyang Xu,&nbsp;Song Li,&nbsp;Zhengkai Tu","doi":"10.1016/j.csite.2025.105903","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.csite.2025.105903","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Adsorption refrigerators are crucial for recovering low-grade waste heat and enhancing energy efficiency. The heat source temperature significantly influences the performance of adsorption refrigerators, which can vary in practical applications. In this study, a double-bed adsorption refrigerator was constructed using a silica/copper-chip composite as the adsorbent. Experimental investigations were conducted to evaluate how various operation parameters affect the cooling performance of this silica/copper-chip adsorption refrigerator. The sensitivity analysis revealed that the cooling capacity is most sensitive to changes in cooling water, followed by chilled water, and then hot water. For the coefficient of performance (COP), the order of sensitivity is chilled water, cooling water, and finally hot water. Considering the operational temperature range of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs), the changes in heat source temperature were categorized into two types: non-monotonic fluctuations and no fluctuation variations. Experiments analyzed the impact of these two types on performance. Specifically, for non-monotonic fluctuations within ±2.5 °C, ±3 °C, ±3.5 °C, and ±4 °C, it was found that fluctuations should be limited to ±3 °C to maintain optimal performance. In the three non-fluctuating cases examined (Mode 1: 70–76 °C, Mode 2: 70-73-76 °C, Mode 3: 70-72-74-76 °C), Mode 2 was identified as having the best control temperature, achieving a COP that is 4.6 % higher than Mode 1.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9658,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies in Thermal Engineering","volume":"68 ","pages":"Article 105903"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143453463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}