Caspian Journal of Internal Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Serum tumor necrosis factor-alpha status in hospitalized patients with coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19).","authors":"Mansour Babaei, Behzad Heidari, Mahmoud Sadeghi Haddad Zavareh, Zahra Ahmadnia, Hossein Ghorbani, Samaneh Rouhi","doi":"10.22088/cjim.15.4.601","DOIUrl":"10.22088/cjim.15.4.601","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) produces an inflammatory process and plays a critical role against infection and in the control of viral infection. The present study was conducted to determine the status of serum TNF-α in hospitalized patients with coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this cross-sectional study the serum TNF-α level, sex, and age, were determined in patients with COVID-19. The association between variables was determined using the student t-test, analysis of variance (ANOVA) test, multiple logistic regression analysis, and the statistical package for the Social Sciences (SPSS)-18 (p < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 91 (women 41.75%, and men 58.24%) patients with a mean serum TNF-α level of 9.9 picograms per milliliter (pg/mL) were considered. In all (100%) patients, the TNF-α serum level was more than the normal limit (P=0.95). 95.60% of patients suffered severe COVID-19, with a TNF-a serum level of 10.20 pg/mL (P=0.87). Mean TNF-α serum levels in women and men were 11.37 pg/mL and 8.8 pg/mL, respectively (P= 0.17). In the age group of > 70 years (11.30 pg/mL), serum TNF-α concentration was higher than the other age groups (p>0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A significant proportion of women and men patients with COVID-19 in the middle and old age had a high concentration of serum TNF-α which may indicate the severity of the disease. Serum TNF-α level is different in women and men of different ages, so it can contribute to treatment strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":9646,"journal":{"name":"Caspian Journal of Internal Medicine","volume":"15 4","pages":"601-605"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11444111/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142364548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immunohistochemical markers in predicting behavior of bladder urothelial carcinoma.","authors":"Simin Torabi Nezhad, Leila Malekmakan, Mina Mashayekh, Nazanin Karamifar, Taraneh Tadayon","doi":"10.22088/cjim.15.4.606","DOIUrl":"10.22088/cjim.15.4.606","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Bladder cancer is the 5^th most prevalent cancer among Iranian men. Finding prognostic markers to predict behavior of this cancer can help us to choose the best treatment for patients from the first place. We aimed to evaluate the correlation of immunohistochemical markers with tumor stage, grade and prognosis of disease.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, we reassessed the specs of proven UC among Iranian patients. Sixty specimens were collected, contained of 30 low grade and 30 high grade urothelial carcinomas. All slides were assessed by immunohistochemistry study for p21, p27, Her-2/<i>neu</i>, E-cadherin, and CD10. Data were analyzed by SPSS 18.0 and a <i>p</i>-value < 0.05 was considered significant.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We evaluated 60 patients in this study with mean age of 66±11 years and majority of them are men. High expression of p27 showed significant correlation with LGUC (<i>P</i>=0.030). HGUC related with high expression of Her-2/<i>neu</i>, CD10 and aberrant expression of E-Cadherin (<i>P</i><0.0001). Aberrant E-Cadherin and high expression of CD10 are associated with higher tumor stage (<i>P</i>=0.000). CD10 intensity was the only immunohistochemical markers to predict prognosis (<i>P</i>=0.010).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In the present study, CD10 intensity is the only marker that directly predicts the prognosis. The higher intensity leads to poor prognosis (recurrence or metastasis). More studies must be done in this aspect to resolve the controversies and clarify the role of immunohistochemical markers in predicting BC behaviors.</p>","PeriodicalId":9646,"journal":{"name":"Caspian Journal of Internal Medicine","volume":"15 4","pages":"606-614"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11444117/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142364541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prognostic importance of NUP98-rearrangements in acute myeloid leukemia: A systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Maryam Sheikhi, Payam Siyadat, Mehrdad Rostami, Mohammad Hadi Sadeghian, Elnaz Zahiri, Mohammad Ghorbani, Hossein Ayatollahi, Amirali Ayatollahi, Reza Hemmatan Attarbashi, Zahra Khoshnegah","doi":"10.22088/cjim.15.4.579","DOIUrl":"10.22088/cjim.15.4.579","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>NUP98 gene fusions in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) have recently attracted much interest. Despite substantial research illuminating the roles of NUP98 fusions in the course of AML, their impacts on the outcome of patients with AML should be explored in more detail. As a result, this meta-analysis was designed to provide further light on the prognostic implications of NUP98 fusions in AML.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We completed an extensive search in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science to identify papers evaluating the prognostic effects of NUP98 rearrangements in patients with AML until August 22, 2022. In total, 15 publications with 6142 participants fulfilled the requirements for the current meta-analysis. All the qualified studies were examined for information regarding HRs and 95% confidence interval (95%CI) for overall survival (OS) and event-free survival (EFS). In addition, we utilized Comprehensive Meta-analysis software version 2 (CMA2) for calculating pooled HRs and 95% CI.</p><p><strong>Section title: </strong>Our <b><i>Results</i></b> <i>:</i> analyses for NUP98-NSD1 indicated that this fusion could significantly impact the outcome of patients with AML (pooled HR: 2.84; 95% CI: 2.49-3.24, <i>P</i>=0.000). Additionally, we observed a strong correlation between NUP98-KDM5A rearrangement and poor prognosis in AML (pooled HR: 2.65; 95% CI: 2.5-2.81; P=0.000). A subgroup analysis also showed that the NUP98-NSD1 and FLT3-ITD together confer a poor prognostic effect (pooled HR: 2.60, 95% CI: 1.61-4.18; P=0.000).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>NUP98 fusions could significantly impact the outcome of patients with AML. The use of these fusions as prognostic indicators in AML seems rational.</p>","PeriodicalId":9646,"journal":{"name":"Caspian Journal of Internal Medicine","volume":"15 4","pages":"579-588"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11444110/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142364545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thyroid function tests in overweight and obese children and adolescents with and without non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.","authors":"Armineh Barzegar, Morteza Alijanpour, Mohammadreza Esmaeili Dooki, Soraya Khafri, Haj Ghorban Nooreddini, Mohammad Pournasrollah, Pouria Alijanpour","doi":"10.22088/cjim.15.4.623","DOIUrl":"10.22088/cjim.15.4.623","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hypothyroidism can play an important role in the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This study compared the thyroid function tests in overweight and obese children and adolescents with and without NAFLD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This case-control study was conducted on 100 children and adolescents aged 4-18 years who referred to the endocrinology clinic of Amirkola Children's Hospital, Babol, Iran in 2021. 42 obese and overweight children with NAFLD were considered as case group and 56 persons without NAFLD as control group. They were selected after physical examination and body mass index (BMI) assessment. Then, TSH, T4, FBS, lipid profile, 25(OH) vit D3 (VD), AST and ALT levels were measured. Abdominal ultrasound was performed to survey fatty liver. T-test and Chi-score were used for analysis and p< 0.05 was considered significant.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age in both group was 11.63±2.55 and 10.07±2.61 years, respectively (P=0.004). Hypothyroidism was not seen in the groups. Two groups in terms of mean TSH (P=0.92), T4 (P=0.87), FBS (P=0.33), cholesterol (P=0.44), LDL (P=0.35), VD (P=0.07) had no significant difference. However, difference was found between the two groups in terms of the mean level of AST (P=0.003), ALT (P=0.001), TG (P=0.02), HDL (P=0.01) and BMI (P0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study showed that the mean level of thyroid hormones in both groups did not have significant difference and hypothyroidism was not seen. Other studies with larger sample size and longer periods of time are suggested.</p>","PeriodicalId":9646,"journal":{"name":"Caspian Journal of Internal Medicine","volume":"15 4","pages":"623-628"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11444107/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142364549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rare case of Pott's puffy tumor due to nasal foreign body.","authors":"Mohsen Mohammadi, Haniyeh Esfandiar, Nazanin Saeidizand, Ali Shaabani, Firooze Esmaeilzadeh","doi":"10.22088/cjim.15.3.553","DOIUrl":"10.22088/cjim.15.3.553","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pott's Puffy tumor (PPT) is a complicated frontal sinusitis that is also described as frontal bone osteomyelitis and a localized sub periosteal abscess. Early diagnosis and immediate active treatment are necessary to prevent severe neurologic sequelae.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>Here, we report on a case of Pott's puffy tumor in a previously healthy 13-year-old girl with a worsening headache and swelling of the frontal bone accompanied by vomiting and fever. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed osteomyelitis of the frontal bone. A foreign body was discovered and removed via endoscopy which was then followed by 6 weeks of parenteral and enteral antibiotic therapy, resulting in resolution of all symptoms.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A complete history in terms of trauma and insect bite or foreign body in the nose is paramount for a correct diagnosis, and performing a full examination of ear, nose and throat (ENT) to rule out a foreign body is advised.</p>","PeriodicalId":9646,"journal":{"name":"Caspian Journal of Internal Medicine","volume":"15 3","pages":"553-556"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11246671/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141619441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlation between antiphospholipid antibodies and renal involvement in children with Henoch-Schönlein purpura: A cross-sectional study.","authors":"Mehrnoush Hassas Yeganeh, Reza Sinaei, Aye Yaraghi, Khosro Rahmani, Vadood Javadi Parvaneh, Reza Shiari, Hamid Hosseinzadeh","doi":"10.22088/cjim.15.2.287","DOIUrl":"10.22088/cjim.15.2.287","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Renal involvement is the most damaging long-term complication of Immunoglobulin-A (IgA) vasculitis. In the lack of a definite predictive biomarker for renal involvement, antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) have been proposed in recent years.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this prospective cohort of 48 pediatric patients who were admitted with IgA vasculitis from September 2015 to June 2017, two serum samples were taken 12 weeks apart to detect Anti-Phospholipid antibodies. All patients were followed-up for renal involvement for six months.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Renal involvement occurred in 14 out of 48 patients with IgA vasculitis (29.16%). APLs were positive in nine out of 14 patients with IgA vasculitis and renal involvement (64.28%), in contrast to only six out of 34 patients with IgA vasculitis without renal involvement (17.64%). The presence of aPL antibodies was statistically associated with renal involvement (P=0.002). Although, the relationship between both sex (P=0.025) and age (P=0.046) with aPL positivity was statistically significant, performing a modified logistic regression test, the odds ratio was significant between the groups with and without renal involvement only in term of age and aPL positivity).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The presence of aPL antibodies was statistically associated with renal involvement. We found a significant relationship between the age and aPL positivity. Hence, we need multicenter, more extensive cohort studies to reach a better and more accurate conclusion on the relationship between serum aPLs and renal involvement in IgA vasculitis patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":9646,"journal":{"name":"Caspian Journal of Internal Medicine","volume":"15 2","pages":"287-293"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11129061/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141161123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors affecting improvement after intravenous administration of recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rtPA) among patients with acute ischemic stroke: A historical cohort study.","authors":"Seyed Mohammad Masood Hojjati, Amir Hossein Hasanpour, Hoda Shirafkan, Hoda Naghshineh, Ali Alizadeh Khatir, Payam Saadat, Fatemeh Sahebian, Rahele Mehraeen","doi":"10.22088/cjim.15.2.251","DOIUrl":"10.22088/cjim.15.2.251","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>One of the most effective treatments for patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is intravenous recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rtPA) which can minimize mortality and morbidities. In this historical cohort study, we investigate the factors affecting clinical outcomes after IV thrombolysis for AIS.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We included 87 patients with acute ischemic stroke who were treated with rtPA between 2015 and 2019. Demographic and clinical data were recorded. The National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) was used to assess the clinical outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>36 patients showed lack of improvement at discharge. In unadjusted model, hypercholesterolemia was the only predictor of lack of improvement (P= 0.043; OR=0.304; CI= 0.096-0.963). After adjusting, hypertension (P= 0.018; OR= 0.18; CI= 0.043-0.749) and hypercholesterolemia (P= 0.008; OR= 8.68; CI= 1.773-42.54) were independent determinants of lack of clinical response. To evaluate risk factors in association with the duration of hospitalization, we found variables which lengthened hospitalization span including; age over 60 years (HR= 0.42 P= 0.002), hypercholesterolemia (HR= 2.19 P= 0.031), Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) Inhibitors consumption (HR= 1.87 P= 0.022), and type of infarction (non-lacunar) (HR= 0.51 P= 0.026). Results indicated no considerable relationship between dose of rtPA and the appropriate response to treatment (OR=8.686 P= 0.324).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The closer dose of rtPA goes up to standard range, the more chance of improvement will gain without increasing the risk of symptomatic intra-cerebral hemorrhage (SICH). Determining factors involved in intravenous reperfusion outcomes help physicians to identify the patients who benefit the most from rtPA.</p>","PeriodicalId":9646,"journal":{"name":"Caspian Journal of Internal Medicine","volume":"15 2","pages":"251-258"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11129057/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141161245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gastric bypass surgery in morbid obesity: Influence on thyroid function tests and insulin resistance status.","authors":"Parvin Layegh, Razieh Ayati, Ali Jangjoo, Mohammad Ali Yaghoubi","doi":"10.22088/cjim.15.2.294","DOIUrl":"10.22088/cjim.15.2.294","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>There are inconsistent results about the effect of gastric bypass surgery on thyroid function tests in morbidly obese subjects. The aim of this study was to investigate the changes in thyroid function tests and insulin resistance status in euthyroid morbidly obese subjects before and three months after gastric bypass surgery (GBS).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty-nine subjects with morbid obesity (BMI≥40) were enrolled in this before-after study. Patients with known thyroid disorders or a history of thyroid ablative therapy, users of drugs that affect thyroid function, or fasting blood sugar and insulin were excluded. TSH, Free T4, total T3, fasting blood sugar and insulin level, and BMI were measured before and 3 months after GBS. Statistical analysis was performed with appropriate tests and p<0.05 was considered significant.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Body mass index (BMI), insulin sensitivity index (HOMA-IR), and total T3 significantly decreased after bypass surgery (all with p<0.001) but no significant changes were seen in TSH (P=0.203) and FreeT4 (P=0.33). There was a significant negative correlation between changes in HOMA-IR and changes in FreeT4 (P=0.038, r= -0.38). There was no statistically significant correlation between the percentage of excess BMI loss (%EBMIL) and changes in T3 (P=0.66), Free T4 (P=0.92), TSH (P= 0.27), and HOMA-IR (P=0.17).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Although significant changes can occur in BMI, insulin sensitivity index, fasting blood sugar, and T3 in short-time follow-up after bariatric surgery, significant TSH and FreeT4 changes may need longer follow-ups.</p>","PeriodicalId":9646,"journal":{"name":"Caspian Journal of Internal Medicine","volume":"15 2","pages":"294-298"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11129074/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141161285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk factors and treatment outcome of smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis patients: A five-year study in the North of Iran.","authors":"Roghieh Golsha, Mahdi Mazandarani, Ahmad Sohrabi, Hesamaddin Shirzad-Aski, Hamidreza Kamalinia, Atefeh Rezaeifar, Mandana Fattahi","doi":"10.22088/cjim.15.2.347","DOIUrl":"10.22088/cjim.15.2.347","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>It is essential to constantly review the risk factors and treatment outcomes of tuberculosis (TB). This study evaluated some important risk factors of TB over five years.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Between 2013 and 2018, all available information and possible risk factors related to TB patients were analyzed from the TB registry program of the health district of Gorgan, Iran.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 349 TB patients, 194 (55.59%) were males and 167 (47.85%) had at least a comorbidity. The death rate was higher in the age group more than 65 years (p < 0.001), the low-educated group (P = 0.012), and patients with underlying diseases, especially diabetes (p < 0.001). In total, univariate and multivariate statistical analyzes showed that having comorbidity (OR = 4.34; 95% CI 1.49 - 13.49), as well as, being jobless (OR = 3.07; 95% CI 1.19 - 8.59) were the main factors influencing the adverse events.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>According to the study, aging, underlying diseases, and cultural poverty include a higher share of the main risk factors for active TB and/or treatment outcomes. By considering these risk factors and training the medical staff continually, we can reduce the time of TB diagnosis, and prevent it from spreading.</p>","PeriodicalId":9646,"journal":{"name":"Caspian Journal of Internal Medicine","volume":"15 2","pages":"347-353"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11129076/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141161379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Burden of nosocomial infections in intensive care units: Cost of antibiotics, the extra length of stay and mortality rate.","authors":"Masoome Zolfaghari, Arash Seifi, Ebrahim Jaafaripooyan, Zahra Jahangard-Rafsanjani, Shirin Afhami, Mostafa Mohammadi, Mohammad Masoud Emami Meybodi, Mohammadreza Salehi, Esmaeil Mohammadnejad","doi":"10.22088/cjim.15.3.478","DOIUrl":"10.22088/cjim.15.3.478","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) in intensive care unit (ICU) patients significantly complicate the normal hospitalization process and affect patients' condition, length of hospitalization, mortality, and treatment cost. In this study, we aimed to determine the prevalence and economic burden of HAIs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study involved all patients with a confirmed HAIs (based on CDC/NHSN case-definitions); in the general ICU of a tertiary university hospital in Tehran, from April 2020 to March 2021. The patients' information, including length of hospitalization, outcome, type and cost of prescribed antibiotics, were recorded.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During the study period, 119 HAIs were found in 1395 (43% F / 57% M) patients. The prevalence of nosocomial infections was 8.53%. The mean duration of hospitalization in all ICU patients was 4.7 ± 3.1 days, and 31.85 ± 18.96 days in patients with HAIs. The most common organisms involved in HAIs are <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> (54.6%), <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> (30.3%), <i>E. coli</i> (15.1%), and Enterococcus spp. (12%). Incidence density of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP), central line-associated bloodstream infection (CLA-BSI), and catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CA-UTI) per 1000 device-days were 36.08, 17.57, and 8.86, respectively. The total cost of antibiotics for HAIs was € 105,407. Among these, the highest consumption costs were for carbapenems, followed by colistin and caspofungin.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study showed the high burden of nosocomial infections in ICUs. Strategies for more strict infection prevention and control are necessary to reduce this burden.</p>","PeriodicalId":9646,"journal":{"name":"Caspian Journal of Internal Medicine","volume":"15 3","pages":"478-483"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11246679/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141619421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}