Caspian Journal of Internal Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Effects of colchicine, interferon β, IVIG, tocilizumab and corticosteroids on COVID-19 patient survival from all presently available published clinical trials: A narrative review.","authors":"Kobra Bahrampour Juybari, Manzume Shamsi Meymandi, Hamideh Bashiri","doi":"10.22088/cjim.16.2.198","DOIUrl":"10.22088/cjim.16.2.198","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>One of the deadliest diseases in the world, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the cause of the ongoing global pandemic known as COVID-19. COVID-19 symptoms range from undetectable to deadly, hyper-inflammatory response and the overproduction of pro-inflammatory cytokines or hypercytokinemia are key factors in the pathophysiology of severe COVID-19. However, no specific and effective treatment was available, anti-inflammatory drugs have been vastly used for treating patients. The goal of this narrative literature review (2020-2022) was to elucidate the connection between anti-inflammatory medications and COVID-19 outcomes, such as safety and survival rate. Overall, these studies are consistent in presenting that anti-inflammatory drug can be advised to target the host immune response in patients and have been beneficial in reducing the mortality rate. This is revealed in current recommendations from prominent global public health authorities, which support anti-inflammatory drug use for a decrease of cytokine storm during COVID-19.</p>","PeriodicalId":9646,"journal":{"name":"Caspian Journal of Internal Medicine","volume":"16 2","pages":"198-214"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12188899/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144504936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship between vaginal infections and gestational diabetes.","authors":"Amjad Ahmadi, Noushin Abdolmaleki, Daem Roshani, Fariba Farhadifar, Rashid Ramazanzadeh, Sholeh Shahgheibi, Mozhdeh Zarei, Nadia Shakiba, Bahram Nikkhoo","doi":"10.22088/cjim.16.2.263","DOIUrl":"10.22088/cjim.16.2.263","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Gestational diabetes is defined as glucose intolerance with variable severity which starts or is first diagnosed during pregnancy. Globally on the rise, this health condition is one of the most common complications of pregnancy. Pregnant women with diabetes are at high risk of infection because high blood sugar levels provide food for many infections, including yeast, making it easier for the yeast to grow. This study aimed to examine the relationship between vaginal infections and gestational diabetes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study enrolled 300 pregnant women with gestational diabetes as the patient group and 300 pregnant women without gestational diabetes as the control group. The research tool in this study was a questionnaire and performing a warm and wet slide staining test on the vaginal swab sample.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age was 31.97±6.02 in the women with gestational diabetes and 30.98± 6.80 in the women without gestational diabetes. Smoking was zero in both groups. The frequency of vaginal infection was 34 (11.3%) in the patient group and 26(8.7%) in the control group. vaginal infections showed no significant association with gestational diabetes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Despite its high prevalence, vaginal infections showed no significant association with gestational diabetes. Still, the high prevalence of infection in the two groups demands more attention from the healthcare system and obstetrician-gynecologists to check the infection before and after pregnancy.</p>","PeriodicalId":9646,"journal":{"name":"Caspian Journal of Internal Medicine","volume":"16 2","pages":"263-267"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12188890/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144504925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Systematic review and meta-analysis of the association between biofilm formation and antibiotic resistance in MRSE Isolated from Iranian patients.","authors":"Parisa Behshood, Elahe Tajbakhsh","doi":"10.22088/cjim.16.2.225","DOIUrl":"10.22088/cjim.16.2.225","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Biofilms are organized communities of microorganisms encased in a self-produced matrix that adheres to surfaces and can have both beneficial and detrimental effects in various environments. These biofilms have been linked to severe infections in humans. We investigated the association between antibiotic resistance and biofilm formation in methicillin-resistant <i>Staphylococcus epidermidis</i> (MRSE) isolates.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A comprehensive search was conducted through data medical data bases using a combination of mesh terms. The data were analyzed using STATA meta-analysis software, and a random effects model was employed to determine the pooled prevalence with a 95% confidence interval (CI).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our findings revealed that the prevalence of MRSA was 61.75% (95% CI: 35.6-99.1). The cumulative rate of biofilm formation in MRSE strains was reported to be 83.4% (95% CI: 47.8-99.4). Among the biofilm-related genes, the <i>SdrG</i> gene exhibited the highest frequency (98%), followed by the <i>atlG</i> gene with a frequency of 84%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Out of the seven, three documented a positive association. Given the propensity of MRSE strains to form biofilms, it is crucial to implement preventive measures against infections caused by these strains.</p>","PeriodicalId":9646,"journal":{"name":"Caspian Journal of Internal Medicine","volume":"16 2","pages":"225-232"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12194433/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144504928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Major stress as a predictive value in the setting of thyroid nodule development: A prospective study.","authors":"Ebrahim Mohammadi, Neda Valizadeh, Reza Hatami Novi","doi":"10.22088/cjim.16.2.268","DOIUrl":"10.22088/cjim.16.2.268","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Thyroid nodule (TN) is defined as the abnormal growth of thyroid cells, with an increasing trend worldwide. In this case-control study, we intended to evaluate demographic and environmental factors involved in TNs to determine the values predicting the risk of TN incidence.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>103 patients with confirmed TN through ultrasound imaging were assigned to the nodular group, and 101 patients with negative results of TN were considered control counterparts. Data collection was performed using a checklist from February 2021 to August 2022. Uni- and multivariable logistic analyses were applied to ascertain prognostic risk factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results showed that the prevalence of TNs was significantly higher in females (90.3%, p<0.001). We also found that a history of exposure to ionizing radiation with a diagnostic dose (83.5%, p<0.001), hypothyroidism (37.9%, P=0.005), hyperthyroidism (7.8%, P= 0.005), family history of thyroid disease (58.3%, p<0.001), unusual stress (68.9 %, p<0.001), and taking medications inferring thyroid function (10.7%, P=0.01) in the nodular group, which were consistent with the results of logistic regression analysis can be considered the potential prognostic values to predict the risk of incident TN.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The role of unusual stress on TN development is highlighted in this study. diagnosis and proper management of determinants such as unusual stress involved Early in TN pathogenesis through lifestyle modification, community awareness, and screening of the family with TN history would be more appreciable in order to decline TN incidence and prevalence, particularly in the predisposed population.</p>","PeriodicalId":9646,"journal":{"name":"Caspian Journal of Internal Medicine","volume":"16 2","pages":"268-274"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12204057/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144526556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of cardiac resynchronization therapy with implantable cardioverter defibrillators on patients with moderate to severe chronic heart failure: A single-arm clinical trial.","authors":"Hossein Salehi Omran, Amir Balouchzadeh, Sina Dolatshahi, Saeed Abrotan, Mohammad Taghi Salehi Omran, Mehrdad Saravi, Sara Aboutalebzadeh, Mohammad Taghi Hedayati Goudarzi","doi":"10.22088/cjim.16.2.233","DOIUrl":"10.22088/cjim.16.2.233","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Patients with moderate to severe chronic heart failure (CHF) are at high risk for cardiac mortality. Cardiac resynchronization therapy with defibrillators (CRT-D) as a potentially beneficial option can improve the clinical outcomes of such patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a single-arm clinical trial in which 48 patients with moderate to severe CHF were investigated regarding the beneficial outcome of CRT-D insertion. All participants were evaluated regarding different functional and echocardiographic factors including New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional class (FC), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), mitral regurgitation (MR) as well as left ventricular end-systolic (LVESD) and end-diastolic (LVEDD) before and one month after the procedure. Furthermore, we investigated the influence of different variables including age, gender, and comorbidities on the aforementioned clinical and echocardiographic factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 48 CHF patients included in our study, 24 (50%) were males and 24 (50%) were females. The mean ± standard deviation (range) of the participants' age was 55.6±6.5 (40-69) years. CRT-D insertion significantly improved all functional and echocardiographic factors in CHF patients. The participants had a mean±standard deviation (range) LVEF of 22.1±5.8% (10-30%) before CRT-D insertion. A follow-up echocardiography performed one month after the implantation of CRT-D demonstrated a significant increase in LVEF to 27.1±5.5% (15-38%) (<i>p</i><0.001). Additionally, echocardiography conducted one month after CRT-D insertion showed a reduction of LVESD from 6.8±0.5 cm (5.8-7.4 cm) to 6.2±0.5 cm (5.3-7.3 cm) (<i>p</i><0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>There is prominent evidence for CRT-D insertion in reducing symptoms of heart failure as well as improving different echocardiography variables in patients with moderate to severe CHF.</p>","PeriodicalId":9646,"journal":{"name":"Caspian Journal of Internal Medicine","volume":"16 2","pages":"233-238"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12188918/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144504929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gastrointestinal bleeding following traumatic brain injury: A clinical study on predisposing factors and outcomes.","authors":"Mehdi Mahmoodkhani, Arvin Naeimi, Amirhosein Zohrehvand, Masih Sabouri, Mohammad Heidari","doi":"10.22088/cjim.15.4.673","DOIUrl":"10.22088/cjim.15.4.673","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of the most common causes of death and disability worldwide. Stress ulcers are common in critically ill patients and can lead to life-threatening gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB). This study investigates the impact of predisposing factors on GIB and outcomes of TBI patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective cohort study included TBI patients admitted between February 2019 and November 2021. Patients' demographic information and clinical characteristics were collected and divided into Post-TBI GIB and No-GIB groups. During clinical follow-up, the Glasgow Outcome Score (GOS) and mortality were assessed. The correlation between predisposing factors and GIB was investigated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of 164 eligible patients, 66.5% were males, and the mean age was 31.38 ± 13.44 years. There was a higher rate of severe TBIs (p<0.001), intra-axial lesions (P=0.014), hypotension at admission (p<0.001), and concurrent coagulopathies (p<0.001) in the Post-TBI GIB group compared to the No-GIB group. In contrast, the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) level upon admission and discharge (p<0.001) and serum hemoglobin level at admission (p<0.001) were lower in the Post-TBI GIB group than in the other group. Moreover, primary GCS (P=0.017) and hypotension at admission (P=0.009), spinal injury (P=0.028), and intra-axial brain injury (P=0.018) were independently associated with GIB in TBI patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Primary GCS and hypotension at admission, spinal injury, and intra-axial brain injury are independent predictors for GIB in TBI patients. The presence of GIB in TBI patients is associated with worse neurological outcomes as assessed by GOS at approximately 18 months.</p>","PeriodicalId":9646,"journal":{"name":"Caspian Journal of Internal Medicine","volume":"15 4","pages":"673-681"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11444104/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142364539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multiple sclerosis in a patient with Takayasu's Arteritis: A case report.","authors":"Mohammad Mehdi Emam, Mahdiye Abiyarghamsari, Muhanna Kazempour, Maryam Haghighi-Morad, Farane Farsad","doi":"10.22088/cjim.15.4.729","DOIUrl":"10.22088/cjim.15.4.729","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Multiple sclerosis (MS) and Takayasu's arteritis (TAK) are two autoimmune diseases that affect the Central nervous system (CNS), but the relationship between them has not been established.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>Here we report the emergence of MS during treatment. Takayasu's arteritis in a 24-year-old Iranian woman with a severe presentation. She was treated aggressively with IV methylprednisolone 1 g/day for 3 days and continued with oral prednisolone, also IV cyclophosphamide monthly. After 2 months, loss of vision led to a diagnosis of Optic neuritis (ON) caused by concomitant MS.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Differentiating CNS vasculitis associated with Takayasu's arthritis from coexisting MS affecting the CNS is challenging and what is important is to avoid giving a TNF inhibitor.</p>","PeriodicalId":9646,"journal":{"name":"Caspian Journal of Internal Medicine","volume":"15 4","pages":"729-734"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11444114/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142364543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transesophageal echocardiography probe intubation or extubation: which side is generating more aerosols associated with spreading COVID-19 contamination?","authors":"Mohaddeseh Behjati, Fatemeh Tohidi","doi":"10.22088/cjim.15.4.748","DOIUrl":"10.22088/cjim.15.4.748","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9646,"journal":{"name":"Caspian Journal of Internal Medicine","volume":"15 4","pages":"748-749"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11444115/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142364551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of <i>Plantago major</i> on cough severity in acute bronchitis: A double-blind randomized clinical trial.","authors":"Alireza Naderi, Seyyed Ali Mozaffarpur, Hoda Shirafkan, Masomeh Bayani, Zahra Memariani","doi":"10.22088/cjim.15.4.651","DOIUrl":"10.22088/cjim.15.4.651","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Treatments for acute bronchitis is usually a supportive care to relieve upper respiratory symptoms. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of <i>Plantago major</i> syrup (PMS) on cough severity in acute bronchitis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients (20-75 years-old) referred to the clinic of infectious diseases in Ayatollah Rouhani Hospital, Babol, Iran with a complaint of cough and the Bronchitis Severity Scale (BSS) ≥5 entered the study. The patients randomly received PMS or placebo 30 ml/day for 10 days. Patients were visited before treatment and on days 5 and 10 after treatment. The primary outcome was BSS score and secondary outcome was the life quality that was measured by means of the Persian version of the Leicester Cough Questionnaire (LCQ) at the first visit and on the 10^th day.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 121 patients diagnosed with acute bronchitis, 80 eligible patients (42.87±11.75 years-old) were randomly divided into PMS and placebo groups. The BSS score in the PMS group after 10 days was significantly lower than that of the placebo group (P=0.001). Frequency of cough (P=0.001), sputum production (P=0.005), and chest wall pain (P=0.008) were significantly lower in the PMS group than in the placebo group. In terms of quality of life, all items, including psychological, physical, and social domains, as well as total scores, were altered significantly in the PMS group compared to placebo. During monitoring of side effects, no significant adverse effects were stated in either group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study indicates the palliative effects of PMS in relieving the symptoms of acute bronchitis and improving quality of life.</p>","PeriodicalId":9646,"journal":{"name":"Caspian Journal of Internal Medicine","volume":"15 4","pages":"651-658"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11444096/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142364535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Residual kidney function and sleep quality in hemodialysis patients.","authors":"Elham Ramezanzade, Masoud Khosravi, Alireza Jafarinezhad, Sepideh Sadeghi Dehbane, Mirsaeed Attarchi","doi":"10.22088/cjim.15.4.682","DOIUrl":"10.22088/cjim.15.4.682","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Sleep disorders frequently affect end-stage renal disease patients on dialysis. However, the relationship between sleep quality and residual kidney function is still unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate this relationship.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this analytical cross-sectional study, 225 patients who were referred to dialysis centers were studied, and based on renal function, they were classified into two groups with and without residual kidney function. The study employed the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index questionnaire to evaluate sleep quality. Multiple linear regression was utilized to determine the factors affecting sleep quality with a significance level consideration at p<0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age of patients was 58.23 ± 13.50 years. 58.7% of patients were males. The problem of serious and very serious sleep in the Sleep latency and sleep duration has been more than other components. 72% of hemodialysis patients had poor sleep quality. In the multiple linear regression model, age (β = 0.442, 95% CI: 0.096, 0.788), sex (β = -0.847, 95% CI: -1.641, -0.054), Body mass index (β = 0.153, 95% CI: 0.058, 0.249) and dialysis duration (β = 0.097, 95% CI: 0.002, 0.192) were independently and significantly associated with sleep quality score. However, there was no statistically significant relationship between sleep quality and residual kidney function.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In conclusion, poor sleep quality is very common in patients undergoing hemodialysis. Therefore, sleep disorders in hemodialysis patients should be considered as one of the most challenging problems by healthcare providers, and early diagnosis and intervention are essential to improve sleep quality.</p>","PeriodicalId":9646,"journal":{"name":"Caspian Journal of Internal Medicine","volume":"15 4","pages":"682-689"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11444097/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142364546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}