发布求助
文献互助 智能选刊 最新文献

Casopis lekaru ceskych最新文献

筛选
英文 中文
Obesity during pregnancy - health risks and prevention options. 怀孕期间肥胖——健康风险和预防选择。
Casopis lekaru ceskych Pub Date : 2026-01-01
Kateřina Anderlová, Antonín Pařízek, Jitka Jírová
{"title":"Obesity during pregnancy - health risks and prevention options.","authors":"Kateřina Anderlová, Antonín Pařízek, Jitka Jírová","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Obesity during pregnancy is a significant health problem with increasing prevalence in the population of women of reproductive age. It is associated with an increased risk of maternal and fetal complications, adverse perinatal outcomes, and long-term health effects on both mother and child. The aim of this article is to summarize current knowledge about the impact of obesity on pregnancy, childbirth, and the postpartum period, and to outline options for prevention and management.</p>","PeriodicalId":9645,"journal":{"name":"Casopis lekaru ceskych","volume":"165 2","pages":"61-64"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148276131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Professor Otto Piffl, the First Full Professor of Otology and Rhinology at the German University in Prague, passed away 100 years ago. Otto Piffl教授是布拉格德国大学第一位耳科和鼻科的全职教授，100年前去世了。
Casopis lekaru ceskych Pub Date : 2026-01-01
Ivan Kalivoda
{"title":"Professor Otto Piffl, the First Full Professor of Otology and Rhinology at the German University in Prague, passed away 100 years ago.","authors":"Ivan Kalivoda","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Prof. MUDr. Otto Piffl (1866-1926) was one of the most important representatives of the German otorhinolaryngological school in Prague at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries. He was a pupil and close collaborator of Prof. Emanuel Zaufal, the founder of the first ear clinic in Prague, and became a leading authority on the diagnosis and treatment of otogenic and rhinogenic infections and their complications. He was appointed the first full professor of otology and rhinology at the German University in Prague. Besides his written work, two tangible reminders of his life remain: his villa and his mausoleum in Lanškroun.</p>","PeriodicalId":9645,"journal":{"name":"Casopis lekaru ceskych","volume":"165 2","pages":"82-86"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148276146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Vaccination of children against seasonal flu. 为儿童注射季节性流感疫苗。
Casopis lekaru ceskych Pub Date : 2026-01-01
Jiří Beneš
{"title":"Vaccination of children against seasonal flu.","authors":"Jiří Beneš","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Influenza can occur in various clinical forms, from asymptomatic infection to fatal disease. Severe forms of the disease occur in the youngest children. In preschool and school-age children, influenza usually develops mildly, but these children are the most important spreaders of infection to other members of the community. There are therefore two theoretical reasons for vaccinating children against influenza. First, the effort to protect individuals in whom the disease tends to develop severely, i.e. infants and toddlers under 2 years of age and children with severe immune disorders and/or significant comorbidities. Second, the effort to indirectly protect other members of the community, either members of the same household or - in the case of routine vaccination - all adults living in the community. Vaccination does reduce the frequency and severity of influenza disease. However, the effectiveness of vaccination varies depending on different circumstances, so it is not possible to determine in advance its reliability for a specific individual. Even vaccinated children can get sick. Studies have yielded conflicting results, but subsequent meta-analyses have shown that there is insufficient evidence of the benefits of routine vaccination of healthy children. Vaccination of children with severe immune disorders or significant comorbidities remains a valid indication. The decision to vaccinate children against influenza should therefore be individual, not routine. The requirement to vaccinate preschool children attending collective facilities remains a debatable issue.</p>","PeriodicalId":9645,"journal":{"name":"Casopis lekaru ceskych","volume":"165 5","pages":"198-202"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149104601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Reproductive postponement as a clinical problem: biological limits, reproductive difficulties and psychosexual impact on the couple. 作为临床问题的生殖延迟：生物学限制、生殖困难和对夫妇的性心理影响。
Casopis lekaru ceskych Pub Date : 2026-01-01
Marek Broul, Aneta Hujová, Jiřina Kocourková, Tonko Mardešić
{"title":"Reproductive postponement as a clinical problem: biological limits, reproductive difficulties and psychosexual impact on the couple.","authors":"Marek Broul, Aneta Hujová, Jiřina Kocourková, Tonko Mardešić","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Reproductive postponement in contemporary Czechia is not only a demographic trend but also a clinically relevant challenge. Delaying parenthood increases the probability of prolonged time to pregnancy, reproductive difficulties, need for specialized fertility care and non-realization of reproductive intentions. This narrative review integrates Czech demographic evidence with clinical aspects of female and male reproductive ageing, couple-based infertility evaluation, and the possibilities and limitations of assisted reproduction. Particular attention is paid to the psychosexual impact of prolonged attempts to conceive, including loss of sexual spontaneity, pressure associated with timed intercourse, reduced desire, erectile and ejaculatory difficulties, dyspareunia, shame, silence and treatment fatigue. The article emphasizes early, realistic and non-judgmental fertility education, simultaneous assessment of both partners, and interdisciplinary cooperation among gynaecology, reproductive medicine, urology, andrology, sexual medicine and psychosocial care. The aim is not to impose normative pressure toward earlier parenthood, but to support informed reproductive decision-making and reduce the health and relational consequences of late initiation of reproductive plans.</p>","PeriodicalId":9645,"journal":{"name":"Casopis lekaru ceskych","volume":"165 5","pages":"187-192"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149104611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
European Partnership for Personalised Medicine (EP PerMed). 欧洲个性化医疗伙伴关系（EP PerMed）。
Casopis lekaru ceskych Pub Date : 2026-01-01
Judita Kinkorová
{"title":"European Partnership for Personalised Medicine (EP PerMed).","authors":"Judita Kinkorová","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Personalised medicine represents a key direction of modern healthcare, enabling the adaptation of prevention, diagnosis and treatment based on individual patient characteristics. The European Partnership for Personalised Medicine (EP PerMed) was established as a strategic European Union initiative to coordinate research, innovation and implementation of personalised medicine across Member States. This article provides a comprehensive overview of the origin, objectives, programmes and major challenges of EP PerMed, with a particular focus on its relevance for clinicians and researchers and on the participation of the Czech Republic. Special attention is dedicated to the role of the Czech Health Research Council (AZV ČR) as a key national coordinating and funding body facilitating the involvement of Czech teams in EP PerMed joint transnational calls. The article discusses benefits and future perspectives of personalised medicine in both the European and Czech contexts.</p>","PeriodicalId":9645,"journal":{"name":"Casopis lekaru ceskych","volume":"165 2","pages":"69-73"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148276224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The personality of professor Otakar Štark in the context of the development of medical genetics in Czechoslovakia in the years 1950-1990. Otakar教授Štark在1950-1990年捷克斯洛伐克医学遗传学发展背景下的个性。
Casopis lekaru ceskych Pub Date : 2026-01-01
Milada Kohoutová
{"title":"The personality of professor Otakar Štark in the context of the development of medical genetics in Czechoslovakia in the years 1950-1990.","authors":"Milada Kohoutová","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The 1950s were a difficult period for genetics due to so-called Lysenkoism, from which it only recovered in the second half of the 1960s. Nevertheless, at that time, several scientists and educators of at least European level worked in Czechoslovakia. Among them was professor Otakar Štark - head of the Biological Institute of the Faculty of General Medicine, Charles University, and a significant figure in medical genetics, whose death is commemorated this year, marking 35 years.</p>","PeriodicalId":9645,"journal":{"name":"Casopis lekaru ceskych","volume":"165 2","pages":"92-94"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148276133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Anaphylaxis - myths and facts. 过敏反应-神话和事实。
Casopis lekaru ceskych Pub Date : 2026-01-01
Petr Grenar, Adriana Šrotová
{"title":"Anaphylaxis - myths and facts.","authors":"Petr Grenar, Adriana Šrotová","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Anaphylaxis, if not promptly recognised and adequately treated, can rapidly lead to death even in previously healthy individuals. At the same time, a number of myths and misconceptions persist, complicating both its diagnosis and management. It is often assumed, for example, that cutaneous manifestations such as exanthema are a defining feature of anaphylaxis and that symptoms always occur immediately following exposure to an allergen. In clinical practice, treatment is not infrequently initiated with corticosteroids and antihistamines, while adrenaline is reserved for cases of clinical deterioration. There is also a widespread belief that all patients who experience anaphylaxis must invariably be hospitalised. In the following text, we address uncertainties in the diagnosis, treatment, and organisation of care for patients with anaphylaxis. We reflect on current guideline recommendations, with an emphasis on their practical application in everyday clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":9645,"journal":{"name":"Casopis lekaru ceskych","volume":"165 3-4","pages":"137-140"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148758624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Institutional neonatal care as a manifestation of modern biosocial cooperation. 机构新生儿护理是现代生物社会合作的一种表现。
Casopis lekaru ceskych Pub Date : 2026-01-01
Tomáš Smrček
{"title":"Institutional neonatal care as a manifestation of modern biosocial cooperation.","authors":"Tomáš Smrček","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We don't see institutional neonatal care as a cold triumph of modern technocracy, but as the peak of an ancient human evolutionary strategy - biosocial cooperation and alloparenting. We trace care for vulnerable newborns from the evolutionary roots and selfless altruism seen in higher primates, through the deconstruction of myths about ancient eugenics with modern paleopathological findings in Greece, all the way to today's neonatal intensive care units. Using the example of kangaroo care and the neurobiological response of medical staff to newborn crying, we show that modern high-tech medicine basically revives evolutionarily natural mechanisms of empathy. Institutional neonatal care for babies with extremely low birth weight is thus an example that humanity isn't about the survival of the strongest, but about the collective ability to protect the weakest.</p>","PeriodicalId":9645,"journal":{"name":"Casopis lekaru ceskych","volume":"165 5","pages":"193-197"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149104523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Colorectal cancer and comorbidities - implications for surgical practice. 结直肠癌和合并症-对外科实践的影响。
Casopis lekaru ceskych Pub Date : 2026-01-01
Ádám Varga, Peter Ihnát, Jan Štembírek, Lucia Ihnát Rudinská
{"title":"Colorectal cancer and comorbidities - implications for surgical practice.","authors":"Ádám Varga, Peter Ihnát, Jan Štembírek, Lucia Ihnát Rudinská","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignant diseases worldwide. Its etiology and prognosis are significantly influenced by numerous comorbidities that may affect both the risk of tumor development and the course of the disease, including treatment response. The aim of this review article is to summarize current knowledge regarding the relationship between CRC and selected diseases and comorbid conditions, drawing on evidence from systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and cohort studies. Type 2 diabetes mellitus, inflammatory bowel disease, metabolic syndrome, obesity, hypertension, chronic kidney disease, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease are associated with an increased risk of CRC development and adversely affect its prognosis. In the case of obstructive sleep apnea, evidence suggests a potential association; however, current data remain inconsistent and do not allow for a definitive conclusion. Tooth agenesis has been linked to AXIN2 gene mutations, which may reflect a familial predisposition to CRC. The pathophysiological mechanisms connecting these comorbidities with CRC include chronic inflammation, insulin resistance, metabolic and immunological dysregulation, hypoxic pathways, and genetic predispositions. Colorectal cancer is thus a multifactorial disease whose risk of developing and prognosis are substantially modified by patient comorbidities. Understanding these relationships is essential for optimizing preventive strategies, screening programs, and individualized treatment approaches in patients with CRC.</p>","PeriodicalId":9645,"journal":{"name":"Casopis lekaru ceskych","volume":"165 2","pages":"55-60"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148276164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
MUDr. Vavřinec Pospíšil - the first Czech otolaryngologist in Olomouc. MUDr。Vavřinec Pospíšil -奥洛穆茨的第一位捷克耳鼻喉科医生。
Casopis lekaru ceskych Pub Date : 2026-01-01
Ivan Kalivoda
{"title":"MUDr. Vavřinec Pospíšil - the first Czech otolaryngologist in Olomouc.","authors":"Ivan Kalivoda","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Although Vavřinec Pospíšil was not among the prominent protagonists of Czech otorhinolaryngology at the beginning of the 20th century, he still deserves not to be forgotten. The 42-year-old graduate of the medical faculty became one of the last assistants of the founder of the first Czech otological-pharyngological clinic in Prague, professor Emilian Kaufmann and then returned to his birthplace in Haná. For 16 years, he provided specialized care to the residents of Olomouc and the surrounding area, as he was the first Czech specialist doctor in this region.</p>","PeriodicalId":9645,"journal":{"name":"Casopis lekaru ceskych","volume":"165 1","pages":"40-43"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147590378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
首页 上一页 下一页 尾页
0
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
提示
您的信息不完整，为了账户安全，请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
现在去查看 取消
×
提示
确定
请完成安全验证×
相关产品
×
本文献相关产品
联系我们：info@booksci.cn Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务，方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。 Copyright © 2023 布克学术 All rights reserved.
京ICP备2023020795号-1
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号：604180095
Book学术官方微信
小红书