Caries Research最新文献

{"title":"<italic>Streptococcus mutans</italic> GcrR Regulates Oral Biofilm from a Cariogenic State to a Non-Cariogenic State by Affecting Exopolysaccharide Production and Biofilm Homeostasis.","authors":"Ruizhe Huang, Bin Zhang, Anqi Zhang, Shihao Hou, Jielin Yang, Tao Hu, Yingming Yang, Lei Lei, Ruizhe Huang","doi":"10.1159/000544075","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000544075","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Dental caries is a noncommunicable disease caused by dysbiosis of a dental biofilm. Streptococcus mutans is considered the major pathogen. The orphan response regulator GcrR negatively regulates exopolysaccharide (EPS) synthesis in S. mutans. We aimed to investigate the effect of GcrR on the cariogenicity of oral biofilms. A triple-species biofilm model was constructed, including S. mutans, Streptococcus sanguinis, and Streptococcus gordonii.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The morphology of triple-species biofilms was detected through scanning electron microscopy, and the structure was observed using confocal laser scanning microscopy. The microbial composition was measured by fluorescence in situ hybridization and qPCR. The expression of genes was detected by quantitative reverse transcription-PCR. A specific pathogen-free rat model was used to assess the cariogenicity of the triple-species biofilms.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The architecture of the biofilm was significantly impaired when gcrR-overexpressed S. mutans were incubated with S. sanguinis and S. gordonii (SmugcrR++S.s+S.g). The biofilm exhibited a decrease in the production of water-insoluble glucans and water-soluble glucans, consistent with a decreased expression of EPS synthesis-related genes. The SmugcrR++S.s+S.g biofilm exhibited an increase in non-cariogenic species with lower lactic acid production. Furthermore, the SmugcrR++S.s+S.g biofilm exhibited reduced cariogenicity.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The biofilm cariogenicity could be shifted to a less cariogenic state by an increased expression of the GcrR regulator.</p>","PeriodicalId":9620,"journal":{"name":"Caries Research","volume":" ","pages":"435-451"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143390296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Longevity of Enamel Fluoride Reservoirs Formed after Fluoride Application: An in situ Study.","authors":"Livia M A Tenuta, Juliana K B Fernandes, Altair A Del Bel Cury, Deborah Rackel Caldas da Rocha, Jaime Aparecido Cury, Livia M A Tenuta","doi":"10.1159/000543982","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000543982","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Professional fluorides form reaction products on tooth substrates, which once dissolved, interfere with the caries process. However, the persistence of these reservoirs before the need of a new application is unknown. We investigated in situ the effect of various cariogenic challenges and exposure to fluoride toothpaste on the retention of enamel fluoride reservoirs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In a blind, 4-period crossover study, 12 participants wore palatal devices containing human enamel slabs previously treated with one application of acidulated phosphate fluoride gel. No biofilm or biofilm accumulation and exposure to 20% sucrose 0, 2, or 8 times/day were tested. Participants used non-fluoridated or fluoridated toothpastes (1,100 mg F/kg) throughout the experimental periods. Slabs were collected after 2, 7, or 14 days to assess remaining alkali-soluble fluoride reservoir concentrations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The loss of the enamel fluoride reservoirs was accelerated either in the absence of biofilm or under biofilms exposed to sucrose 8 times/day (p < 0.05). The loss of these reservoirs was reduced by fluoride toothpaste use (p < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results support a personalized recommendation of the frequency of professional fluoride application based on patients' caries activity since the cariogenic challenge and exposure to fluoride influence the retention of fluoride reservoirs formed on enamel by professional fluoride application.</p>","PeriodicalId":9620,"journal":{"name":"Caries Research","volume":" ","pages":"415-424"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143188416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Split-Spectrum Optical Attenuation Coefficient Method for Caries Detection.","authors":"Zhenhe Ma, Jian Liu, Linghui Kong, Han Su, Yao Yu, Zhenhe Ma","doi":"10.1159/000546320","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000546320","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Caries lesions that are difficult to detect through visual inspection pose risks to dental health. To address this, we propose a detection method using the split-spectrum optical attenuation coefficient (OAC), capitalizing on the wavelength-dependent properties of carious dental structures.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The complete OCT spectrum is divided into four spectral segments, each independently reconstructed and analyzed for OAC. OAC values are then compared across segments to differentiate between healthy and carious tissue. Experiments were conducted on ex vivo human teeth, with carious areas marked by dental professionals. The accuracy of the proposed method was evaluated and compared with the full-spectrum OAC method.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>For healthy enamel, OAC values ranged from 0.2 to 0.4 mm-1, remaining consistent across spectral bands. In carious enamel, OAC increased significantly (0.5-2.5 mm-1), with a 60% rise in short-wave versus long-wave OAC. Healthy dentin showed OAC values from 0.3 to 0.7 mm-1, whereas carious dentin reached 0.8-1.2 mm-1, with a 50% increase in short-wave OAC compared to long wave. The average false-positive rate of the method proposed in this paper is 0.9%, significantly lower than the 1.8% of the traditional OAC method (t test, n = 16, p = 0.013). The average false-negative rates of both methods are around 1%, with no significant difference.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Findings indicate that the split-spectrum OAC method can effectively identify caries lesions, with higher accuracy and specificity compared to the traditional OAC method.</p>","PeriodicalId":9620,"journal":{"name":"Caries Research","volume":" ","pages":"452-464"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143954751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microbiome in Early Childhood Caries: Caries Severity-Dependent Insights.","authors":"Siew-Ging Gong, Siew-Ging Gong, Judith Switzer, S M Hashim Nainar, Céline M Lévesque","doi":"10.1159/000543421","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000543421","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Children with early childhood caries (ECC) show different caries severities and susceptibility in different tooth types and location in the oral cavity. The study aimed to investigate differences in the oral microbiome in ECC subjects stratified according to the severity of caries and between more and less caries-prone teeth within the same subjects.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Supragingival plaque from the upper and lower anterior regions in the oral cavity of subjects were collected in 3 groups of increasing caries severity: G1 - molar (M) caries only; G2 - molar and upper anterior (UA) caries; and G3 - M + UA + lower anterior (LA) caries followed by microbiome analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Alpha-diversity analyses showed inter- but no intra-individual statistically significant differences between the UA and LA (p < 0.001, LA > UA) and a significant difference between the microbiome of the three caries groups (p < 0.001). There were significant beta-diversity differences between G1 and G2 (p < 0.05) and in the composition and diversity among the three groups (p < 0.001). Actinomyces, Saccharibacteria_genera_inserta_sedis, and Eikenella had increased differential abundance in G1 versus G3 and Fusobacterium was less abundant in G2 compared to the other groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>There were clear distinct differences in tooth-site-specific and caries-severity microbiome diversity patterns and bacterial abundance profiles in S-ECC children.</p>","PeriodicalId":9620,"journal":{"name":"Caries Research","volume":" ","pages":"394-405"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12500261/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142945124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and association of caries and enamel hypomineralisation (EH)/molar-incisor hypomineralisation (MIH) in 8- to 10-year-old children from Bavaria, Germany.","authors":"Karl-Ferdinand Fresen,Ramy Gaballah,Helen Irini Schill,Stefanie Amend,Kousha Sarpari,Vinay Pitchika,Norbert Krämer,Jan Kühnisch","doi":"10.1159/000541351","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000541351","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTIONThe aim of this cross-sectional epidemiological study was to record caries and enamel hypomineralisation (EH), including molar-incisor hypomineralisation (MIH), and assess associations between both entities in 8- to 10-year-olds from Bavaria, Germany.METHODSA total of 5,418 children (mean age 9.8 years; 2,726 females, 2,692 males) were examined using the dmft/DMFT index with additional inclusion of initial or non-cavitated carious lesions (it/IT). EH were recorded in the primary (eh) and permanent dentition (EH), and individuals with different EH phenotypes were determined as follows: at least one EH, at least one hypomineralised second primary molar (HSPM), at least one hypomineralised first permanent molar (MIH), and at least one hypomineralised first permanent molar and incisor (M+IH). Multiple logistic regression models were constructed to assess association between caries and EH.RESULTSThe percentage of children without caries in the permanent dentition (DMF=0) was 88.9%. When data regarding initial carious lesions were included (IDMF=0), the prevalence decreased to 75.7%. The caries experience was idmf/t=1.6 and the IDMF/T=0.6. The mean number of carious teeth in subjects with no eh/EH was higher than that in subjects with HSPM, MIH or M+IH. The presence of HSPM, MIH and M+IH was associated with a significantly lower probability of caries in the permanent dentition; the corresponding adjusted odds ratios were 0.55 (95% CI: 0.41-0.75), 0.67 (95% CI: 0.56-0.81) and 0.54 (95% CI: 0.41-0.72), respectively.CONCLUSIONSCaries and EH are prevalent conditions in 8- to 10-year-old Bavarian schoolchildren; both dental diseases were negatively associated with each other.","PeriodicalId":9620,"journal":{"name":"Caries Research","volume":"15 1","pages":"1-21"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142252444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Statherin-derived peptide protects against intrinsic erosive enamel wear in situ.","authors":"Even Akemi Taira,Carolina Ruis Ferrari,Gabriel Carvalho,Vinicius Taioqui Pelá,Talita Mendes Oliveira Ventura,Edson Crusca,Reinaldo Marchetto,Marília Afonso Rabelo Buzalaf","doi":"10.1159/000541403","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000541403","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTIONThis in situ study investigated the protective effect of a solution containing statherin-derived peptide (StatpSpS) against enamel intrinsic erosion.METHODSFifteen volunteers wore appliances containing 2 bovine specimens. The samples were subjected to erosion (ERO) with HCl, mimicking dental erosion by intrinsic acid. The volunteers participated in 3 phases (double-blind and crossover): 1) Deionized water (negative control); 2) Commercial solution containing SnCl2/NaF/AmF (800 ppm Sn+2, 500 ppm F-, pH 4.5) - (positive control); 3) Solution containing 1.88 X 10-5M StatpSpS. Four times a day, the volunteers administered one drop of the solutions (50 µl, 1 min) on each specimen. After the treatment, erosive challenges were performed extraorally with 0.01 M HCl (pH 2.0, 4 times/day, 1 min, 150 mL). Enamel wear was assessed by profilometry. Data was analyzed by one-way RM-ANOVA/Bonferroni's tests (p&lt;0.05).RESULTSIn terms of the treatments, both the commercial solution - SnCl2/NaF/AmF and StatpSpS significantly reduced the wear when compared to the negative control (p&lt;0.01), without significant differences between them (p&gt;0.05).CONCLUSIONThe solution containing StatpSpS demonstrated protection against enamel intrinsic erosive wear. This study marks a significant advancement in the prevention of intrinsic erosive wear, utilizing StatpSpS in acquired pellicle engineering procedures.","PeriodicalId":9620,"journal":{"name":"Caries Research","volume":"14 1","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142252551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and oral health problems among children in Spain.","authors":"Lucía Fernández-Arce,José Manuel Martínez-Pérez,Miguel García-Villarino,María Del Mar Fernández-Álvareza,Rubén Martín-Payo,Alberto Lana","doi":"10.1159/000541013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000541013","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTIONThe aim of this study was to explore the association between symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and oral health in a representative sample of the Spanish population aged 6 to 14 years, we examined the contribution of several sociodemographic and behavioral determinants of children/adolescents and their family environment.METHODSA cross-sectional study involving 3,402 subjects aged between 6 and 14 years from the Spanish National Health Survey. The presence of ADHD symptoms was determined using the self-reported hyperactivity/inattention subscale of the Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire. Oral health was assessed using five indicators: caries, extraction, restorations, gingival bleeding, and presence of teeth in poor condition (e.g. broken or misaligned). Logistic regressions were used to examine the association between the presence of ADHD symptoms and oral health indicators. These models were adjusted for sociodemographic factors, lifestyle variables, and oral hygiene behaviors relating to both the children and their parents.RESULTSCompared to children without ADHD symptoms, children with ADHD symptoms had a higher risk of caries (fully adjusted odds ratio: 2.16; 95% confidence interval: 1.66-2.82), extraction (1.42; 1.09-1.85), restoration (1.47; 1.19-1.82) and gingival bleeding (1.64; 1.11-2.41). The increased risk of caries was maintained when the analyses were restricted to middle/high social class families and to children with low sugar intake, good oral hygiene behaviors and regular dental visits.CONCLUSIONSChildren with ADHD symptoms in Spain had worse oral health indicators than those without ADHD symptoms. Our results suggest that the association of ADHD symptoms with caries was independent of socioeconomic level, cariogenic diet, frequency of toothbrushing and dental visits.","PeriodicalId":9620,"journal":{"name":"Caries Research","volume":"17 1","pages":"1-22"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142252395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum.","authors":"","doi":"10.1159/000540229","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000540229","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9620,"journal":{"name":"Caries Research","volume":" ","pages":"541"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141723194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cross-Sectional Associations between Nutrient Intake and Tooth Decay in Older Australian Men: The Concord Health and Ageing in Men Project.","authors":"Kate Milledge, Robert G Cumming, Fredrick A C Wright, Vasi Naganathan, Fiona M Blyth, David G Le Couteur, Louise M Waite, David J Handelsman, Vasant Hirani","doi":"10.1159/000531454","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000531454","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Poor nutrition is a risk factor for dental decay in younger people. However, except for sugar, it is unclear if this is true in older age groups. The aim of this study was to analyze the possible associations between overall dietary intake of nutrients and diet quality and the presence of dental decay in community-dwelling older men. A cross-sectional analysis of a longitudinal study with a standardized validated diet history assessment and comprehensive oral health examination in 520 community-dwelling men (mean age: 84 years) participating in the Concord Health and Ageing in Men Project. Nutrient reference values were used to determine if individual micronutrients and macronutrients were meeting recommendations. Acceptable macronutrient distribution ranges (AMDRs) were attained for fat and carbohydrate intakes and were incorporated into a dichotomous variable to determine if the participants were consuming a high fat-low carbohydrate diet. Diagnosis of coronal caries was based on visual criteria and inspection and was completed on each of the five coronal surfaces. Root surface caries was textual changes across four root surfaces. This diagnosis was used to categorize participants by the presence and severity of coronal and root caries. The adjusted logistic regression showed not meeting the recommended intakes for thiamin (odds ratio [OR]: 2.32 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.15-4.67), and zinc (OR: 3.33, 95% CI: 1.71-6.48) were associated with presence of severe root decay. Adjusted analysis also showed that participants who were outside the recommended AMDR for fat (OR: 0.61, 95% CI: 0.38-0.98) and those who consumed a high fat and low carbohydrate diet (OR: 0.56, 95% CI: 0.35-0.91) were less likely to have coronal tooth decay. Our study shows associations between micronutrients and macronutrients and coronal and root surface decay. Although this study cannot prescribe causality or be generalized to all older adults, diet has a possible association with dental decay in older men.</p>","PeriodicalId":9620,"journal":{"name":"Caries Research","volume":" ","pages":"488-501"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140916030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Nitrate and Nitrite on Plaque pH Decrease and Nitrite-Producing and -Degrading Activities of Plaque in vitro.","authors":"Yuji Yamamoto, Jumpei Washio, Koichi Shimizu, Nobuhiro Takahashi","doi":"10.1159/000540017","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000540017","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of nitrate and nitrite on the pH-lowering activity of human plaque, the nitrite-producing and -degrading activities of human plaque, and their correlation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Nitrate and nitrite were added to human plaque suspensions collected from the buccal aspect of maxillary molars of patients visiting a general dental clinic, and changes in pH were measured with and without glucose addition. Nitrite-producing and -degrading activities were evaluated by adding nitrate and nitrite to the plaque suspension and measuring the increase and decrease in nitrite with Griess reagent, respectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The addition of nitrate inhibited both endogenous and glucose-induced plaque pH-lowering. The addition of glucose enhanced the production of nitrite from nitrate by about 3.3-fold. The addition of nitrite also inhibited endogenous plaque pH-lowering, but the addition of glucose promoted nitrite degradation by only about 1.1-fold. Nitrite-producing activity was positively correlated with age, but not with nitrite-degrading activity.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study revealed that nitrite was produced from nitrate and inhibited the pH-lowering activity of human plaque, which may contribute to caries control. Both nitrite-producing and -degrading activities occurred in human plaque, but no correlation was found between them. Furthermore, nitrite production was enhanced by glucose metabolism, which may function as a self-regulatory mechanism (resilience) to prevent excessive acidification by glucose metabolism.</p>","PeriodicalId":9620,"journal":{"name":"Caries Research","volume":" ","pages":"552-561"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11651232/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141491011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}