Caries Research最新文献

{"title":"Effective Prevention of Early Childhood Caries in Well-Baby Clinics: Results of a Pragmatic Randomized Trial.","authors":"Peggy C J M van Spreuwel, Geert J M G van der Heijden, Naichuan Su, Cor van Loveren, Katarina Jerković-Ćosić","doi":"10.1159/000545116","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000545116","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study evaluated the Toddler Oral Health Intervention (TOHI) for preventing early childhood caries (ECC) by 48 months. TOHI, an add-on to standard care in well-baby clinics (WBCs), aims to reduce ECC incidence and severity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Dyads were randomized into TOHI (added to care as usual) or care as usual (CAU). The primary outcome was ECC (incidence and severity); secondary outcomes included plaque and pufa scores, and oral health behaviour changes. TOHI combined Non-Operative Caries Treatment and Prevention, Motivational Interviewing, and the Health Action Process Approach. Oral health coaches applied TOHI from enrolment (age 6-12 months) to 48 months. Data were collected at baseline, 24, and 48 months through questionnaires and clinical assessments. Blinding was maintained for clinical assessment and analysis. Intention-to-treat analysis used a Negative Binomial Hurdle Model with one-sided statistical testing.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 402 enrolled dyads, 353 (88%) completed the study (TOHI: 176/205, 86%; CAU: 177/197, 90%). At 48 months, 61% of TOHI toddlers and 54% of CAU toddlers remained free of any caries lesions (ICDAS ≥1). Among toddlers with caries, TOHI reduced dmfs scores by 40% (RR: 0.60; UL95% CI: 0.98, p = 0.04). For cavitated lesions (ICDAS ≥3), TOHI reduced dmfs scores by 53% (RR: 0.47; UL95% CI: 1.04, p = 0.06), and 84% of TOHI toddlers remained free of cavitated lesions versus 78% in CAU.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>TOHI, added to usual care at WBCs, modestly reduced ECC incidence and severity at 48 months. Further research is needed to assess long-term impacts and cost-effectiveness.</p>","PeriodicalId":9620,"journal":{"name":"Caries Research","volume":" ","pages":"1-15"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12060830/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143656159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fluoride Varnish Efficacy on the Remineralization of Early Caries Lesions in situ.","authors":"Astrid C Valdivia-Tapia, Domenick T Zero, Frank Lippert, E Angeles Martinez-Mier, George J Eckert, Anderson T Hara","doi":"10.1159/000545160","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000545160","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>In vitro studies show that fluoride varnishes (FVs) differ significantly in their ability to remineralize and fluoridate enamel caries lesions, as, respectively, measured by percent surface microhardness recovery (%SMHr) and enamel fluoride uptake (EFU). However, there is a need to confirm these findings in clinically relevant conditions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This in situ study adopted a five-leg crossover design. In each leg, 28 subjects wore their mandibular partial denture with two previously demineralized enamel slabs treated with one of the following FV (selected based on our previous in vitro data): Vanish™ (high-%SMHr, low-EFU), Flor-Opal® (low-%SMHr, high-EFU), Enamel-Pro® (high-%SMHr, high-EFU), PreviDent® (generic, commercial reference), or negative control (no varnish). After 3 days, specimens were wrapped in gauze to allow plaque accumulation on the enamel. Toothbrushing of natural teeth was performed twice/day with F-free toothpaste. After 14 days, enamel specimens were collected and analyzed (%SMHr and EFU). Data were analyzed by ANOVA models suitable for crossover (alpha = 0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Vanish™ had a significantly higher %SMHr; other varnishes did not differ from each other and had higher %SMHr than the control. EFU was significantly lower for the control than for all other treatments; Flor-Opal® had significantly lower EFU than Vanish™ and PreviDent®. Neither %SMHr nor EFU in vitro data could predict in situ results, although better approximation was observed for %SMHr.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>All tested FV could remineralize enamel; however, they presented different efficacies. Comparative clinical trials are warranted to confirm these results. Adequate in vitro tests are necessary to predict the clinical efficacy of FVs.</p>","PeriodicalId":9620,"journal":{"name":"Caries Research","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143613476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Caries Risk Assessment by Dental Students and Dentists in the Netherlands: A Survey Study to Assess Knowledge and Implementation.","authors":"Catherine M C Volgenant, Rodrigo A Giacaman, Ilona F Persoon, Sophie Doméjean, Hans de Soet","doi":"10.1159/000545155","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000545155","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>To prevent caries with targeted strategies and to act conservatively, it is essential oral healthcare providers perform an individual caries risk assessment (CRA). This study aimed to explore knowledge and application regarding CRA by Dutch fifth-year dental students (D5DSs) and practitioners (DDPs).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A survey was conducted through a questionnaire sent at random to a group of 1,500 members of the Royal Dutch Dental Association (KNMT) and to 213 D5DSs from all three dental schools in the Netherlands.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 374 DDP respondents (25%), 79% reported to perform CRA in routine practice. Female dentists reported using CRA in their daily practice more often than males (p = 0.008). The questionnaire was completed by 118 D5DSs (55%). All D5DS respondents reported using CRA and most students were familiar with Dutch prevention-oriented methods. Eighteen percent of them did not make an individual treatment plan based on caries risk. The familiarity of DDPs regarding Dutch prevention-oriented methods was lower than that of students (p < 0.001). In both groups of respondents, oral hygiene and diet were the two most important factors considered when assessing caries risk in patients, whatever their age.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>CRA is applied less frequently in the general practice compared to student clinics at university. Our results suggest that dentists in the Netherlands could improve their knowledge about cariology by continuing education. Dental schools should emphasize implementation of the knowledge in clinical practice. In addition, a uniform and evidence-based method to perform CRA in the dental practice is needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":9620,"journal":{"name":"Caries Research","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143584740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of Physical Activity, Physical Fitness, Dental Caries, and Erosive Tooth Wear in Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966.","authors":"Eero Blomster, Marja-Liisa Laitala, Maisa Niemelä, Anna-Maiju Leinonen, Tarja Tanner","doi":"10.1159/000544974","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000544974","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Research on the impact of physical activity (PA) and physical fitness on oral health has been limited in scope. The aim of this report was to assess the impact of PA and physical fitness as modifiable factors in dental caries and erosive tooth wear (ETW) among middle-aged individuals in Finland.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data were gathered from the North Finland Birth Cohort 1966 (NFBC1966) 46-year follow-up, which included dental clinical examinations conducted by seven calibrated dentists, physical fitness tests, measurements of PA, and measurements of height and weight administered between 2012 and 2014. PA was measured over a 2-week period with a wrist-worn accelerometer and reported as average daily duration of PA (min/day). Physical fitness was assessed by measuring cardiorespiratory fitness via heart rate recovery in a step test using a heart rate monitor and chest belt, and by evaluating back strength with the Biering-Sorensen test. Of the whole cohort, 1,964 cohort members participated in the oral clinical examination, and the regression models were conducted with 1,590 participants. The prevalence of dental caries (ICDAS), DMFT score, and ETW (BEWE), and the results of the PA test and physical fitness tests were categorized and analyzed using cross-tabulations and multivariable logistic regression models. SPSS version 29.0.0.0 was used to calculate 95% confidence intervals (CI), odds ratios (ORs), χ2, and p values.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Poor (OR 1.60, 95% CI: 1.15-2.23) and moderate (OR 1.48, 95% CI: 1.14-1.93) cardiorespiratory fitness and low PA (OR 1.48, 95% CI: 1.07-2.05) were associated with dentine caries in the regression model. The same model indicated that tooth brushing frequency (OR 1.97, 95% CI: 1.21-3.20), ETW (OR 1.30, 95% CI: 1.12-1.49), and male gender (OR 1.22, 95% CI: 1.05-1.43) were associated with increased dentine caries. No statistically significant association was found between PA or physical fitness and ETW.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In the middle-aged Finnish population, high PA and good physical fitness are associated with a lower prevalence of dentine caries. No association between PA or physical fitness and ETW was found. Further research is needed to explore the potential oral health benefits of PA and physical fitness as modifiable factors.</p>","PeriodicalId":9620,"journal":{"name":"Caries Research","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143572154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validity and Reliability of Intraoral Optical Coherence Tomography and Bitewing Radiography for Detecting Approximal Carious Lesions.","authors":"Michaela Strumpski, Hartmut Schneider, Claudia Rüger, Jana Schmidt, Ellen Schulz-Kornas, Rainer Haak","doi":"10.1159/000544789","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000544789","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This in vitro study evaluated the validity and reliability of spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) to detect approximal carious lesions compared to bitewing radiography.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Forty extracted human premolars and molars with fifty-four unrestored approximal surfaces (ICDAS ll score 0-3) were mounted in a patient-equivalent simulator and imaged by digital radiography (DR) and the prototype of an intraoral OCT probe. The lesion status of the tooth surfaces was validated histologically and by microtomography (µCT). Five calibrated raters with low to high level of clinical expertise analyzed the DR and OCT images at intervals of 2-4 weeks each. Intra- and interrater agreement (weighted Cohen's kappa κ, Fleiss' kappa), sensitivity, and specificity were calculated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The sensitivity of OCT (0.66-0.91) was higher than that of DR (0.46-0.82), as was the specificity (OCT: 0.67-0.92; DR: 0.33-0.58). Intrarater agreement with OCT was moderate to substantial (κ: 0.53-0.77; p < 0.001) and fair to substantial for DR (κ: 0.36-0.78; p < 0.05). The DR interpersonal agreement ranged from slight to substantial (κ: 0.1-0.74, Fleiss' κ: 0.23/0.24; p < 0.001) toward fair to substantial with OCT (κ: 0.27-0.62; Fleiss' κ: 0.23/0.18; p < 0.001). Agreement between histology and µCT was almost perfect (κ: 0.82; p < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In a clinically oriented simulation, OCT was more sensitive in detecting early approximal carious lesions than DR without impairing specificity or reproducibility. Clinical studies will have to show whether OCT can confirm these promising results.</p>","PeriodicalId":9620,"journal":{"name":"Caries Research","volume":" ","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143499384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Behavior Risk Factors for Noncommunicable Diseases and Caries in Adolescents: A Population Study.","authors":"Edna Luisa Oliveira Monteiro, Lorena Lúcia Costa Ladeira, Cayara Mattos Costa, Mylla Cristie Campelo Monteiro, Maria Augusta Bessa Rebelo, Claudia Maria Coelho Alves, Erika Barbara Abreu Fonseca Thomaz, Cecilia Claudia Costa Ribeiro","doi":"10.1159/000544723","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000544723","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Caries is the most widespread noncommunicable disease (NCD) globally and can predict fatality NCDs in the future, such as diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, we hypothesized that the behavioral risk factors for those NCDs may be present in adolescents with caries. The objective was analyzing the association of unhealthy diet, tabagism, and alcohol with caries in adolescents.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This population-based study with a cross-sectional design used data from 2,515 adolescents aged 18-19 years, born in São Luís-MA, Brazil, and part of the RPS Cohort Consortium. The exposures were the latent variables of the unhealthy diet pattern (sugars, fast foods, and salty snacks) and addictive behaviors (tabagism and risk of alcohol dependence). The outcome was the number of decayed teeth. The model adjustment considered the socioeconomic status (head of household education, adolescent education, economic class, and monthly family income) as a distal determinant and the oral biofilm as a mediator between the exposures and the outcome, analyzed by structural equation modeling, using the Mplus 8.0 software.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Unhealthy diet pattern was associated with a higher number of decayed teeth directly (SC = 0.092, p ≤ 0.001) and indirectly via dental biofilm (SC = 0.020, p ≤ 0.001). Addictive behaviors were associated with a higher number of decayed teeth indirectly via dental biofilm (SC = 0.019, p = 0.013). The unhealthy diet pattern and addictive behaviors were associated with each other (CP = 0.199, p < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Besides sugars, other behavioral risk factors for NCDs underlie caries, emphasizing the importance of comprehensive adolescent health care.</p>","PeriodicalId":9620,"journal":{"name":"Caries Research","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143448290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Failures of Sealed Molars: Three-Year Results from a Multi-Centre, Prospective Study in Public Dental Service in Norway.","authors":"Lina Stangvaltaite-Mouhat, Marte-Mari Uhlen-Strand, Ingrid Volden Klepaker, Rasa Skudutyte-Rysstad","doi":"10.1159/000544068","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000544068","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The efficacy of fissure sealants (FS) in controlling occlusal caries is well documented. However, several factors can potentially modify the caries-preventive effect of FS and their failure rate in real life might be higher than in controlled experimental settings. The aim of this study was to prospectively examine failures and risk factors in sealed first permanent molars (FPMs) with sound occlusal surfaces or initial caries lesions of children in a practice-based setting in public dental service (PDS) in Norway.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Children aged 6-10 years considered at high caries risk (D3MFT/d3mft >0) were recruited by dentists and dental hygienists during routine examination at local dental clinics in PDS. After the application, resin-based FS were maintained according to clinicians' conventional procedures. Occlusal surface/FS status and the following treatment were registered at 6, 12, 24, and 36 months. The outcome was categorized into success, minor failure, and failure of sealed FPM based on a combination of diagnosis of occlusal surface/FS status and the following treatment at each follow-up. Univariable and multivariable Cox survival analyses were used to investigate potential risk factors for failure.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of 409 participants, 4% (16) were lost to follow-up. Of 393 FPMs, 72% (284) were evaluated as success, 9% (34) as minor failure, and 19% (75) failed during the 36 months of this study period: 13% (51) received FS reapplication and 6% developed dentine caries or were restored. One third of FS were additionally treated with fluoride varnish (FV) at least once during the follow-up. Occlusal surface with caries grade 1-2 (vs. intact) increased (adjusted HR [adHR]: 1.9, 95% CI: 1.1-3.1), while FV application over FS decreased hazards (adHR 0.4, 95% CI: 0.3-0.7) for failure. The clinic's county was associated with failure.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>After 3-year follow-up, nearly one out of five sealed FPMs failed, i.e., they had to be resealed, developed dentine caries, or were restored. Initial caries lesion on occlusal surface increased, while FV application over FS reduced risk for failure. Moreover, regional differences in sealed FPM failures were observed.</p>","PeriodicalId":9620,"journal":{"name":"Caries Research","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143390290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Streptococcus mutans GcrR Regulates Oral Biofilm from a Cariogenic State to a Non-Cariogenic State by Affecting Exopolysaccharide Production and Biofilm Homeostasis.","authors":"Bin Zhang, Anqi Zhang, Shihao Hou, Jielin Yang, Tao Hu, Yingming Yang, Lei Lei, Ruizhe Huang","doi":"10.1159/000544075","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000544075","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Dental caries is a noncommunicable disease caused by dysbiosis of a dental biofilm. Streptococcus mutans is considered the major pathogen. The orphan response regulator GcrR negatively regulates exopolysaccharide (EPS) synthesis in S. mutans. We aimed to investigate the effect of GcrR on the cariogenicity of oral biofilms. A triple-species biofilm model was constructed, including S. mutans, Streptococcus sanguinis, and Streptococcus gordonii.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The morphology of triple-species biofilms was detected through scanning electron microscopy, and the structure was observed using confocal laser scanning microscopy. The microbial composition was measured by fluorescence in situ hybridization and qPCR. The expression of genes was detected by quantitative reverse transcription-PCR. A specific pathogen-free rat model was used to assess the cariogenicity of the triple-species biofilms.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The architecture of the biofilm was significantly impaired when gcrR-overexpressed S. mutans were incubated with S. sanguinis and S. gordonii (SmugcrR++S.s+S.g). The biofilm exhibited a decrease in the production of water-insoluble glucans and water-soluble glucans, consistent with a decreased expression of EPS synthesis-related genes. The SmugcrR++S.s+S.g biofilm exhibited an increase in non-cariogenic species with lower lactic acid production. Furthermore, the SmugcrR++S.s+S.g biofilm exhibited reduced cariogenicity.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The biofilm cariogenicity could be shifted to a less cariogenic state by an increased expression of the GcrR regulator.</p>","PeriodicalId":9620,"journal":{"name":"Caries Research","volume":" ","pages":"1-17"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143390296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cost-Effectiveness of Silver Diamine Fluoride Depends on Caries Activity: A Decision Analytic Model.","authors":"Sharon Hui Xuan Tan, Yi Wang, Clement Wei Ming Lai, Xiaoli Gao, Hwee-Lin Wee, Bien Wen Pui Lai, Catherine Hsu Ling Hong, Shijia Hu","doi":"10.1159/000544001","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000544001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The study sought to assess the cost-effectiveness of silver diamine fluoride (SDF) relative to sodium fluoride (NaF) varnish and direct restorations placed chairside or under general anaesthesia, accounting for caries activity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An analytical decision-tree model was developed with clinical data from multiple centres to evaluate the four treatment options among all children aged 1-6 years in Singapore (N = 231,880) over a 12-month time horizon. Base-case scenarios consisted of children with low (1 carious tooth)- and high (7 carious teeth)-caries activity. Incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs) and net monetary benefits (NMBs) were tabulated with the outcomes set to be the control of active caries and avoidance of tooth extractions. Deterministic and probabilistic sensitivity analyses were conducted.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, SDF was less effective than direct restorations placed chairside but was less costly. For children with low-caries activity, the ICER for SDF was SGD 9 per caries-controlled tooth and SGD 68 per extraction avoided. For children with high-caries activity, the ICERs were SGD 267 and SGD 1,909, respectively. At a willingness-to-pay threshold of SGD 30, the NMB was negative (favours restorations) for caries control in children with low-caries activity and positive (favours SDF) for all other situations. In the low-caries activity group, SDF had a 41.5% probability of being cost-effective for caries control and 49.2% probability of being cost-effective for the avoidance of extraction. The corresponding probabilities for the high-caries activity group were 99.8% and 100%. The NMB of SDF increases proportionally with caries activity, suggesting utilization of SDF should depend on caries activity. Results were most sensitive to changes in relative cost and effectiveness of SDF/direct restorations.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>SDF was cost-effective in most situations except for caries control in children with low-caries activity. Direct restorations were more effective and should be considered in low-caries activity children.</p>","PeriodicalId":9620,"journal":{"name":"Caries Research","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143188414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Longevity of Enamel Fluoride Reservoirs Formed after Fluoride Application: An in situ Study.","authors":"Juliana K B Fernandes, Altair A Del Bel Cury, Deborah Rackel Caldas da Rocha, Jaime Aparecido Cury, Livia M A Tenuta","doi":"10.1159/000543982","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000543982","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Professional fluorides form reaction products on tooth substrates, which once dissolved, interfere with the caries process. However, the persistence of these reservoirs before the need of a new application is unknown. We investigated in situ the effect of various cariogenic challenges and exposure to fluoride toothpaste on the retention of enamel fluoride reservoirs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In a blind, 4-period crossover study, 12 participants wore palatal devices containing human enamel slabs previously treated with one application of acidulated phosphate fluoride gel. No biofilm or biofilm accumulation and exposure to 20% sucrose 0, 2, or 8 times/day were tested. Participants used non-fluoridated or fluoridated toothpastes (1,100 mg F/kg) throughout the experimental periods. Slabs were collected after 2, 7, or 14 days to assess remaining alkali-soluble fluoride reservoir concentrations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The loss of the enamel fluoride reservoirs was accelerated either in the absence of biofilm or under biofilms exposed to sucrose 8 times/day (p < 0.05). The loss of these reservoirs was reduced by fluoride toothpaste use (p < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results support a personalized recommendation of the frequency of professional fluoride application based on patients' caries activity since the cariogenic challenge and exposure to fluoride influence the retention of fluoride reservoirs formed on enamel by professional fluoride application.</p>","PeriodicalId":9620,"journal":{"name":"Caries Research","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143188416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}