Caries Research最新文献

{"title":"The Moderating Effect of Oral Health Literacy on the Relationship between Socioeconomic Conditions and Untreated Dental Caries in Pregnant Women.","authors":"Gabriela de Araujo, Mateus Zilch Scheuermann, Jessica Klöckner Knorst, Thiago Machado Ardenghi, Bruno Emmanuelli","doi":"10.1159/000546293","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000546293","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Dental caries is highly prevalent among pregnant women, and investigating potential modifying factors is particularly relevant for this population. This study aimed to evaluate the moderating effect of oral health literacy (OHL) on the relationship between socioeconomic conditions and dental caries in pregnant women.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study was performed with pregnant women attending the public health service in Santa Maria, a municipality in Southern Brazil. The Brazilian Rapid Estimate of Adult Literacy in Dentistry (BREALD-30) instrument was used to evaluate OHL. The presence of dental caries was measured using the decayed, missing, or filled teeth (DMFT) index. Socioeconomic conditions were assessed based on family income and education level. The moderating effect of OHL on the relationship between income, education, and caries (D component of DMFT) was tested using multilevel Poisson regression analyses. The results are presented as prevalence ratio.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 520 pregnant women were examined (response rate of 93%). Pregnant women with low educational level and low OHL exhibited a 69% higher prevalence of dental caries compared to those with higher education and high OHL. Similarly, among those with high income, pregnant with low OHL had a 57% higher prevalence of untreated dental caries than their counterparts with both high income and high OHL.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings indicate that low OHL modifies the association between socioeconomic conditions and dental caries among pregnant women. Low OHL appears to function as an aggravating factor, potentially exacerbating oral health outcomes in this population.</p>","PeriodicalId":9620,"journal":{"name":"Caries Research","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144118976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Initial Caries Lesions in Preschool Children Are Not a Risk Factor for Caries in Adolescents.","authors":"Bruna Brondani, Jessica Klöckner Knorst, Bruno Emmanuelli, Thiago Machado Ardenghi, Fausto Medeiros Mendes","doi":"10.1159/000546347","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000546347","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Caries experience in primary teeth has been highlighted as the most important single risk factor for caries development in the subsequent permanent teeth, but at cavitated stages. This 10-year cohort study aimed to evaluate whether children with only initial caries lesions in the primary teeth could also have a higher risk for caries incidence in permanent teeth.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We evaluated Brazilian preschoolers aged 1-5 years in 2010 (T1) and re-evaluated them 2 (T2), 7 (T3), and 10 (T4) years later. Dental caries in primary and permanent teeth was assessed through the International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS). For the primary dentition (T1 and T2), the participants were categorised according to caries severity in the first two assessments into children with (i) no caries, (ii) only initial caries lesions (ICDAS scores 1 and 2), (iii) at least one moderate lesion (ICDAS scores 3 and 4), and (iv) extensive caries lesions (ICDAS scores 5 and 6). We also created a dichotomous variable considering only extensive lesions. Demographic and socio-economic data were also collected. For the permanent dentition (T3 and T4), the participants were re-evaluated for extensive caries lesions after 7 and 10 years of follow-up. The outcome variables were the number of decayed, extracted, and filled surfaces of permanent teeth and the occurrence of any extensive lesion (caries incidence) after 10 years. Associations were evaluated through negative binomial and Poisson regression analyses, respectively. Incidence rate ratios (IRRs) and relative risks, along with 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs), were derived.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At the baseline, 639 children were included, and 429 were reassessed after 10 years (67.2% retention rate). Children with only initial or moderate caries lesions did not have a higher risk of caries in permanent teeth. By contrast, children with extensive caries lesions were more likely to develop caries in the permanent dentition than children without caries (IRR, 95% CI = 2.90, 1.98-4.23). This higher risk was more clearly demonstrated when the caries experience was used as a dichotomous variable (IRR, 95% CI = 4.02, 2.38-6.78).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Children with only initial caries lesions do not have a higher risk of developing dental caries in the permanent dentition by adolescence.</p>","PeriodicalId":9620,"journal":{"name":"Caries Research","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144118972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dental Practitioners' Thresholds for Restorative Intervention in Carious Lesions: A Survey-Based Systematic Review Update.","authors":"Heather J Lundbeck, Vinay Pitchika, Paul Wilson, Daniela P Raggio, Jennifer Galloway, Waraf Al-Yaseen, Arindam Dutta, Rhiannon Jones, Shannu Bhatia, Glesni Guest-Rowlands, Kathryn Rowles, Falk Schwendicke, Nicola Innes","doi":"10.1159/000546194","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000546194","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Despite evidence supporting the clinical and cost-effectiveness of minimally invasive dentistry (MID), its adoption by the dental profession has been slow. A systematic review in 2016 found the majority of dentists intervene invasively earlier than necessary. The aim was to update this review of the assessment of dental practitioners' thresholds for providing restorative treatment for carious lesions given changes in evidence, teaching, and guidelines since 2016. The primary outcome was dental practitioners' restorative thresholds (the extent of the lesion when they would decide to intervene restoratively). Secondary outcomes were changes over time, caries risk, regional differences, and primary/permanent dentition.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This updated review replicated the methodology for the initial review, following the PRISMA 2020 guidelines (PROSPERO; CRD42023431906). Embase, MEDLINE (via PubMed), and Web of Science databases were searched (2016-2023) for observational studies reporting on dental clinicians' thresholds for restorative interventions in adults and children without language, time, or quality restrictions. Screening, data extraction, and risk of bias assessment (Modified Newcastle-Ottawa Scale) were carried out independently and in duplicate. Meta-analyses were performed using a random-effects model. No funding sought.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, 47 publications (30 from original publication and 17 from updated search) met the inclusion criteria and 65 datasets were included in the meta-analyses: 19 for occlusal lesions (16 pre-2016 and 3 post-2016; n = 11,946) and 46 for proximal lesions (38 pre-2016 and 8 post 2016; n = 20,428). The meta-analyses found that for occlusal lesions confined to enamel, there were fewer practitioners intervening invasively: 5% (95% confidence interval [CI]; 1-20%) post-2016, compared with 15% (95% CI; 9-23%) pre-2016. The opposite was found for proximal lesions with increased intervention levels, 27% (95% CI; 18-40%) for lesions confined to enamel post-2016, compared with 19% (95% CI; 12-29%) pre-2016, and for lesions extending up to the enamel-dentine junction 61% (95% CI; 36-81%) post-2016, compared with 39% (95% CI; 29-51%) pre-2016. There was variance between regions but too few studies to draw conclusions on individual regions.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>There was a suggestion of less invasive treatment of occlusal lesions over time; however, this was not evident for proximal lesions.</p>","PeriodicalId":9620,"journal":{"name":"Caries Research","volume":" ","pages":"1-15"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12180769/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143964084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Split-Spectrum Optical Attenuation Coefficient Method for Caries Detection.","authors":"Jian Liu, Linghui Kong, Han Su, Yao Yu, Zhenhe Ma","doi":"10.1159/000546320","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000546320","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Caries lesions that are difficult to detect through visual inspection pose risks to dental health. To address this, we propose a detection method using the split-spectrum optical attenuation coefficient (OAC), capitalizing on the wavelength-dependent properties of carious dental structures.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The complete OCT spectrum is divided into four spectral segments, each independently reconstructed and analyzed for OAC. OAC values are then compared across segments to differentiate between healthy and carious tissue. Experiments were conducted on ex vivo human teeth, with carious areas marked by dental professionals. The accuracy of the proposed method was evaluated and compared with the full-spectrum OAC method.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>For healthy enamel, OAC values ranged from 0.2 to 0.4 mm-1, remaining consistent across spectral bands. In carious enamel, OAC increased significantly (0.5-2.5 mm-1), with a 60% rise in short-wave versus long-wave OAC. Healthy dentin showed OAC values from 0.3 to 0.7 mm-1, whereas carious dentin reached 0.8-1.2 mm-1, with a 50% increase in short-wave OAC compared to long wave. The average false-positive rate of the method proposed in this paper is 0.9%, significantly lower than the 1.8% of the traditional OAC method (t test, n = 16, p = 0.013). The average false-negative rates of both methods are around 1%, with no significant difference.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Findings indicate that the split-spectrum OAC method can effectively identify caries lesions, with higher accuracy and specificity compared to the traditional OAC method.</p>","PeriodicalId":9620,"journal":{"name":"Caries Research","volume":" ","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143954751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Early Life Income and Sugars Intake on Child Oral Health: Marginal Structural Modelling Using a Birth Cohort Study.","authors":"Diep H Ha, Lucinda Bell, Gemma Devenish-Coleman, Sam Leary, Jane A Scott, William Murray Thomson, Andrew John Spencer, David J Manton, Loc G Do","doi":"10.1159/000546215","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000546215","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Determinants of oral health are formed early and influenced by variations in socioeconomic status (SES). It is unclear whether early life SES influences child oral health directly or indirectly through determinants such as intake of free sugars. This study applied the marginal structural modelling approach to household income at birth and free sugar intake to investigate pathways those determinants influence child oral health.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used data collected in SMILE, a population-based birth cohort study of Australian mother/newborn dyads, who have been followed-up prospectively since birth with questionnaires and clinical assessment. Area- and individual-level factors collected at childbirth were background confounders. Household income at childbirth (low/medium/high) and free sugar intake at age 2 years (low/medium/high) were used as primary exposure and mediator to investigate pathways through which SES at childbirth influences oral health. By applying the causal inference approach and using marginal structural modelling, we estimated the controlled direct effect of household income and the direct effect and mediating effect of intake of free sugars on dental caries experience. We developed a causal directed acyclic graph to guide the analysis. The baseline confounders were balanced using a stabilised inverse probabilities of treatment weight, mimicking randomisation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Low household income at childbirth was associated with 1.65 (95% confidence intervals [CI]: 1.01, 3.02) times higher accumulated dental caries experience by age 5 years than in children born to high-income households. High intake of free sugars had strong direct effects on both the prevalence (1.55 [95% CI: 1.03, 2.32]) and cumulative experience (2.64 [95% CI: 1.36, 5.15]) of dental caries by age 5 years. Proportions of effects of income were mediated by intake of free sugars.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Socioeconomic variations at birth and immediate determinants such as intake of sugars, directly and indirectly, influence oral health. Timely and appropriate addressing of those variations may limit inequity in oral health.</p>","PeriodicalId":9620,"journal":{"name":"Caries Research","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12148313/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143980608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cavity Management Effectiveness and Feasibility of Silver Diamine Fluoride Solution and Sodium Fluoride Varnish in Children: One-Year Follow-Up Non-Inferiority Randomised Controlled Trial.","authors":"Stefania Martignon, Margarita Usuga-Vacca, Andrea Cortes, Sofía Jácome-Liévano, Natalia Fortich-Mesa, Emilia María Ochoa, Roquelina Pianeta, Vivi Hoyos-Hoyos, Edgar O Beltrán","doi":"10.1159/000544953","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000544953","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The prevalence of caries experience among 5-year-old children in Colombia remains high (62%). The National Health System supports the use of NaF varnish (FV) from age one. Considering the inclusion of SDF solution (SDF) by the WHO and the FDI to control caries burden by 2030, the aim of this non-inferiority randomised controlled trial (RCT) was to compare after 1 year the effectiveness and feasibility of biannual applications of SDF or FV for the control of cavities in young children from Bogotá and Cartagena, Colombia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This non-inferiority RCT included seven hundred fifty-two 3- to 4-year-old medically healthy children from Bogotá and Cartagena. Participants in each city were randomised to receive either SDF (38%) or FV (5%) biannually.</p><p><strong>Primary outcome: </strong>cavity (d) prevention effect.</p><p><strong>Secondary outcomes: </strong>active cavity (active d) arresting effect, feasibility (study adherence, received treatment fidelity), dental care parental satisfaction/acceptance, child procedure behaviour and pain, and adverse effects. Data were analysed using t tests, χ2 tests, and generalised estimating equation (0.05 statistical significance).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 611 children (75.1%) completed the 1-year follow-up. At baseline, overall prevalence of caries experience (dmf) was of 32% (prevalence of d: 27%), increasing to over 75% when including initial and moderate caries lesions (assessed without air-drying, Epi) (ICDAS-merged Epi dmf). Corresponding mean number of tooth surfaces with ICDAS-merged Epi dmf was >5.9, of which cavities/d >1.1. Most reported a high daily intake of free sugars (FV: 82.8%; SDF: 79.9%), and use of fluoridated toothpaste was not generalised (FV: 60.3%; SDF: 57.8%). After 1 year, mean number of new cavity tooth surfaces showed no inferiority for SDF versus FV (FV: 0.61 ± 1.86; SDF: 0.40 ± 1.13, p = 0.22). Arresting active cavities was achieved in 49.4% (FV) and 72.2% (SDF) of children (p > 0.05). Feasibility was high: study adherence (FV: 76.1%; SDF: 74.0%); received treatment fidelity (FV: 92.9%; SDF: 91.4%) (p > 0.05). Most parents were satisfied-very satisfied (FV: 93.2%; SDF: 96.0%) (p > 0.05). Only one case of adverse effects appeared after the first fluoride application (SDF) and resolved uneventfully.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>After 1 year, a biannual application of SDF versus FV was not inferior in preventing new cavities, with high feasibility in community settings. This study supports the use of these fluoride therapies for young children in similar socio-economic contexts, recommending increasing fluoridated toothpaste affordability and including behaviour change strategies to improve oral health practices.</p>","PeriodicalId":9620,"journal":{"name":"Caries Research","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143965173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of stepwise or selective in comparison to non-selective caries removal in managing deep caries in vital permanent teeth: A systematic review with trial sequential, pairwise and network meta-analyses.","authors":"Shaqayeq Ramezanzade, Lars Bjørndal, Haoran Chen, Aylin Baysan","doi":"10.1159/000545052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000545052","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of this systematic review was to assess the available evidence related to the effectiveness of stepwise (SW) or selective excavation (SE) when compared to non-selective caries excavation (NSE) for the management of permanent teeth with deep carious lesions without signs of irreversible pulpitis. This systematic review was conducted according to Cochrane guidelines. Literature search was performed using several databases including English language only. Pairwise and network meta-analysis (NMA) was conducted. 19 out of 819 studies were included. The outcomes assessed were dental pulp exposure and the measure 'success' defined as tooth not having complications after a follow-up (i.e., without dental pulp exposure following treatment, no dental pulp complications after treatment, no periapical lesion, no severe/unbearable pain, no restoration failure or tooth extraction). The Risk of Bias analysis revealed that more than 50% of the studies had high risk of bias. In addition, the GRADE assessment for the outcomes showed that most of the evidence was low and very low quality. Based on the results of the NMA, SW had the highest success rate (RR: 1.11, 95% CI: 1.00-1.23, with NSE as the reference), followed by SE (RR: 1.06, 95% CI: 0.97-1.16, with NSE as the reference). However, the difference was not statistically significant. In most cases, SE was the treatment of choice in relation to carious lesion depths with the threshold of >2/3 of the dentine thickness and SW was advocated only in cooperative patients due to the two-step procedures. However, within the limitations of this review, the effect of remaining carious dentine could not be assessed with respect to the success rate for each intervention. Therefore, long-term well organized multi-centre randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are still required to provide concrete evidence.</p>","PeriodicalId":9620,"journal":{"name":"Caries Research","volume":" ","pages":"1-52"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143794689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of a Sugar-Sweetened Beverages Tax on Caries in Italy: A Modelling Study.","authors":"Demetrio Lamloum, Marco Dettori, Maria Grazia Cagetti, Antonella Arghittu, Paolo Castiglia, Guglielmo Campus","doi":"10.1159/000545300","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000545300","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Despite efforts to reduce sugar consumption, Italy continues to experience high levels of caries, particularly among 12-year-old children. The introduction of a sugar tax is one strategy that gained traction as a mean of curbing excessive sugar intake. This study aimed to assess the potential impact of a sugar tax on reducing caries prevalence through the analysis of two scenarios: a hypothetical implementation of the tax in 2008 (Scen1), compared against actual 2017 data, and a projection of the effects of the planned 2025 tax extending to 2034 (Scen2).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The evaluation utilizes a Markov model to evaluate the health and economic outcomes of a 20% ad valorem tax on sugar-sweetened beverages. Outcomes included the caries experience, as DMFT index and QALYs (Quality-Adjusted Life Year/s), direct dental costs, and indirect costs as forgone earnings due to care, assuming a 100% pass-through to consumers. A 3% annual discount rate was applied to all costs. Sub-analysis also included geographical macro-areas of Italy (North-West, North-East, Centre, South, Islands), based on main socioeconomic determinants. A probabilistic sensitivity analysis, involving a Monte Carlo simulation with 1,000 iterations, was conducted to assess the robustness of the model, generating estimates of mean values and 95% uncertainty intervals.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In Scen1, the simulation suggested that a 20% ad valorem tax would have resulted in a 0.05 reduction of the DMFT, yielded a cost saving of EUR 18.5 million, and EUR 24,520 per QALY gained. The projected 2025-2034 implementation estimated to decrease the DMFT by 0.07, save EUR 38.6 million, and EUR 31,933 per QALY gained. Significant benefits were observed in southern Italy, an area with higher caries rates and lower dental care utilization, where the impact was pronounced in both scenarios.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Integrating a sugar tax into a broader public health strategy can significantly reduce caries and healthcare costs, especially in disadvantaged settings. These findings highlight the need for policymakers to pair sugar taxes with additional preventive measures for optimal public health outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":9620,"journal":{"name":"Caries Research","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12060820/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143763184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mediation Effect of Dental Caries in the Relationship between Parental Locus of Control and Oral Health-Related Quality of Life.","authors":"Sharon Hui Xuan Tan, Ankur Singh, Kok Hian Tan, Johan Gunnar Eriksson, Chin-Ying Stephen Hsu","doi":"10.1159/000545620","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000545620","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The study aimed to assess the direct and indirect effect of parental locus of control (LoC) on child oral health-related quality of life.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>As part of the Growing Up in Singapore towards Healthy Outcomes (GUSTO) multicenter longitudinal cohort study, sociodemographic characteristics of parents and their children were obtained at recruitment. Oral health status and dental caries outcomes were assessed at the 5th year post-natal visit and administered alongside the LoC questionnaire. Intraoral examinations were carried out by 3 trained calibrated dental professionals using the modified International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS-II) criteria. At the 6-year post-natal visit, the Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (ECOHIS) was administered to mothers to assess the oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) of their child. Statistical analysis of the direct effects of parental LoC on OHRQoL and the causal mediation effects of dental caries were carried out using the potential outcomes approach with 1,000 simulations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 312 parent-child dyads were included in this prospective cohort study. At the 5th year post-natal visit, the median decayed, missing, and filled surfaces (dmfs) was 2 (IQR 0-5), while the median LoC was 47 (IQR 43-50). The total effect of parental LoC on ECOHIS was -2.05 (95% CI: -4.03 to -0.08), of which the direct effect through dmfs was -1.45 (95% CI: -3.41 to 0.47). The percentage of the total effect of parental LoC on ECOHIS that was mediated by the presence of dental caries was 29.5% for dmfs, including incipient caries (ICDAS 1-6). The proportion mediated was lower if only active decayed surfaces were considered (23.7%) and higher if only cavitated lesions (ICDAS 3-6) (30.1%) were considered.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The effect of parental LoC on child OHRQoL was mediated in part through the development of dental caries.</p>","PeriodicalId":9620,"journal":{"name":"Caries Research","volume":" ","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12068828/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143751350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"To Seal or Restore Occlusal Caries in Permanent Molar Teeth, 11-Year RCT.","authors":"Azam Bakhshandeh, Vibeke Qvist","doi":"10.1159/000544980","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000544980","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Sealing of occlusal dentin caries has shown promise in studies, but long-term outcomes remain inconclusive. This RCT aimed to investigate the potential of postponing restorative interventions of manifest occlusal caries by sealing.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>After randomization (ratio 2:1), 341 resin sealings and 152 composite restorations in 493 patients (6-17 years) were performed by 66 dentists in nine Danish municipalities. All lesions were predesignated to require restorative treatment by the treating dentists. The treatments were controlled annually both clinically and radiographically. The primary objectives, assessed at different observation intervals, were to analyze the survival of sealing until replacement by restoration, the survival of sealing and restoration until retreatment, caries progression beneath sealing and restoration, and the longevity of repaired versus unrepaired sealing until replacement by restoration. The secondary objectives identified factors influencing survival of sealings and restorations. χ2/Kaplan-Meier/Cox-regression tests were used for statistical analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After 11 years, dropout rate was 10%, and 22% of sealings were repaired/renewed. 58% of sealings and 81% of restorations remained sealed/restored until completion due to age 18 or primary caries. Additionally, 33% of sealings were replaced by restorations, and 12% of restorations were repaired/replaced (p values <0.001). No endodontics were performed. The mean annual failure rates were 4-7% for sealings and 1% for restorations. The survival of sealings was affected by various predictor variables across the outcomes and observation intervals. The survival rate of repaired/renewed sealings was comparable to that of new sealings (p = 0.96).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This long-term study provided a comprehensive overview regarding reasons and time for retreatments of occlusal sealings and restorations. The results indicate that sealing is an effective treatment for occlusal enamel and dentin caries.</p>","PeriodicalId":9620,"journal":{"name":"Caries Research","volume":" ","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143656160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}