Canadian journal of ophthalmology. Journal canadien d'ophtalmologie最新文献

{"title":"Evaluation of a virtual reality-based perimetry device for visual field testing: comparison with the Humphrey visual field analyzer.","authors":"Khaldon Abbas, Michael Sibulo, Abdullah Al-Ani, Kyle Edzel D Advincula, Justine William T Duran, Julian Rafaello C Malabanan, Edward Ryan A Collantes, Jose Ma Martinez, Hannah de Guzman, Andrew Crichton","doi":"10.1016/j.jcjo.2026.05.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcjo.2026.05.009","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Visual field testing is essential for monitoring field defects, but traditional devices are bulky and resource intensive. This study evaluated the agreement and usability of the RetinaLogik RVF100 virtual reality perimetry device compared with the Humphrey visual field analyzer (HVF) among Filipino adults.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>A comparative cross-sectional study.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>Participants were Filipino adults presenting to 2 major eye centres in the Philippines from January to October 2024. A total of 46 participants (76 eyes) were included.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants were categorized as normal, glaucoma, or other diagnoses (e.g., optic neuritis, ocular hypertension). Both devices tested visual fields using the 30-2 grid, measuring mean deviation (MD), pattern standard deviation (PSD), fixation losses (FL), false positives (FP), false negatives, and test duration. Agreement was assessed using Bland-Altman analysis and Pearson correlation. Pointwise analyses with heatmap visualizations were also used. Usability was evaluated using a postexamination Likert-scale questionnaire.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>RVF100 demonstrated strong agreement with HVF (MD: r = 0.979, PSD: r = 0.837; p < .0001). The Bland-Altman analysis showed a mean difference in sensitivity of -1.06 decibels (dB) (95% CI: -4.2 to 2 dB). RVF100 had shorter test durations (5.41 vs 6.96 min; p < 0.001), fewer FL (1.79% vs 5.59%; p < 0.001), and slightly higher FP rates (3.44% vs 1.92%; p < 0.001). Usability results showed 90% preferred RVF100 over HVF for comfort (86.4%) and engagement (95.3%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>RVF100 is a comparable alternative to HVF, offering comparable accuracy with improved patient comfort. Further research is warranted to assess its efficacy in detecting early and advanced disease stages and in broader populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":9606,"journal":{"name":"Canadian journal of ophthalmology. Journal canadien d'ophtalmologie","volume":" ","pages":"1105-1114"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148194710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations of age-related macular degeneration and statin use: a cross-sectional analysis.","authors":"Abu Bakar Butt, Thuvaraha Jeyakumaran, Chris Zajner, Marko M Popovic, Peter J Kertes, Rajeev H Muni, Radha P Kohly","doi":"10.1016/j.jcjo.2026.05.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcjo.2026.05.012","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To examine the association between self-reported, age-related macular degeneration (AMD), statin use, and sociodemographic factors in a nationally representative sample of U.S. adults.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Cross-sectional study using 2023 National Health Interview Survey data.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Analyses were restricted to adults aged 50 years and older. The descriptive sample included 16,924 participants, and 7 566 participants with complete covariate data were included in the multivariable analysis. The primary outcome was self-reported AMD. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression models assessed associations between AMD, statin use, and sociodemographic and health-related variables using complex survey weighting.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The descriptive sample included 16,924 adults aged 50 years and older; 55.41% were female, and 73.52% were non-Hispanic White. In adjusted analysis, statin use was not significantly associated with self-reported AMD (OR: 0.88, 95% CI: 0.66-1.18; p = .401). Older age, female sex, unemployment, and fair self-reported health were associated with higher odds of self-reported AMD, whereas Hispanic ethnicity was associated with lower odds of self-reported AMD.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Statin use was not independently associated with self-reported AMD after adjustment. Self-reported AMD was associated with older age, female sex, unemployment, and fair self-reported health, and with lower odds among Hispanic participants.</p>","PeriodicalId":9606,"journal":{"name":"Canadian journal of ophthalmology. Journal canadien d'ophtalmologie","volume":" ","pages":"1272-1279"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148175583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vascular endothelial growth factor inhibitors outcomes in good vision eyes with neovascular age-related macular degeneration: Fight Retinal Blindness! SPAIN Report 4.","authors":"Laura Sánchez-Vela, Helena Brosa, Ruben Martin-Pinardel, Carolina Bernal-Morales, Alba Parrado-Carrillo, Aina Moll-Udina, Martín Puzo-Bayod, Gonzaga Garay-Aramburu, Carolina Arruabarrena, Laura Sararols-Ramsay, Pilar Calvo-Perez, Miguel Angel Zapata, Marta Garrido, Maximino Abraldes, José María Ruiz-Moreno, Laura Broc-Iturralde, Daniel Velázquez-Villoria, José Juan Escobar-Barranco, Roberto Gallego-Pinazo, Marta S Figueroa, Alfredo García-Layana, Marc Figueras-Roca, Mark C Gillies, Ricardo P Casaroli-Marano, Javier Zarranz-Ventura","doi":"10.1016/j.jcjo.2026.04.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcjo.2026.04.001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the visual outcomes in neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) eyes initiating anti-vascular endothelial growth factor treatment with baseline visual acuity (VA) ≥70 letters.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Multicentre, real-world, and national database study. Demographics, VA, number of injections, and patient visit data were collected using a validated online tool. Subgroup analysis included 2 nonoverlapping participant groups defined by baseline VA: Good vision eyes (GVE, \"70-100 letters\") and non-GVE (\"0-69 letters\") at 12, 24, and 36 months.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 3 138 eyes (2 520 patients) were included in the analysis, followed up for 12 (n = 2 426; 77.3%), 24 (n = 1 793; 57.1%), and 36 months (n = 1 167; 37.2%). GVE had significantly better 24-month final VA (71.0 ± 13.8 vs 52.3 ± 23.2; p < 0.001) than NGVE. Mean VA change (letters) at 12, 24, and 36 months of follow-up was significantly lower in the GVE -2.4 (-3.1, -1.6), -4.5 (-5.6, -3.5), and -7.8 (-9.4, -6.2) than in NGVE +6.7 (5.8, 7.6), +5.0 (3.8, 6.2), and +4.0 (2.5, 5.5) group, respectively. The number of injections and percentage of visits with active lesions were higher in GVE through 36 months.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The mean VA of GVE tends to drop, but it is still much higher than NGVE eyes at 12, 24, and 36 months. Early detection and prompt treatment are key and should be considered in treatment access policies, regulatory frameworks, and clinical guidelines, as defining a threshold to start treatment may have a clear impact on final visual function, patient autonomy and legal blindness rates in nAMD patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":9606,"journal":{"name":"Canadian journal of ophthalmology. Journal canadien d'ophtalmologie","volume":" ","pages":"1215-1225"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147873459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-resolution OCT and dual-channel autofluorescence uncover structural features in PRPH2-associated retinal dystrophy.","authors":"Alberto Quarta, Saghar Bagheri, Rouzbeh Abbasgholizadeh, Ceren Soylu, Shinichiro Chujo, Jianfeng Huang, Sweetha Bindu Velaga, Muneeswar G Nittala, Giulia Corradetti, Srinivas R Sadda","doi":"10.1016/j.jcjo.2026.04.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcjo.2026.04.013","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9606,"journal":{"name":"Canadian journal of ophthalmology. Journal canadien d'ophtalmologie","volume":" ","pages":"1320-1324"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147947227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is ophthalmology a pain-free career? A systematic review and meta-analysis of musculoskeletal pain among ophthalmologists.","authors":"Harrison Watt, Ali Salimi, Mohammad Karam, Maya Alik, Abdelrahman Abu Osba, Syed Ahmad, Rishi Gupta, Hady Saheb","doi":"10.1016/j.jcjo.2026.05.021","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcjo.2026.05.021","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To estimate the pooled prevalence, anatomical distribution, and occupational impact of work-related musculoskeletal (MSK) pain among ophthalmologists, and to identify modifiable ergonomic risk factors.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>A systematic review and meta-analysis of published data. The protocol was preregistered (PROSPERO CRD42023422368) and reported in accordance with PRISMA.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>The participants were 6691 ophthalmologists from 21 studies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Electronic databases (MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane, and PubMed) were searched for peer-reviewed quantitative studies reporting MSK pain prevalence in ophthalmologists. Pooled estimates with 95% CI were calculated using random-effects models; heterogeneity was quantified using I².</p><p><strong>Main outcome measures: </strong>Prevalence of overall and site-specific MSK pain; effects on workload and productivity; prevalence of treatment or mitigation strategies.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The pooled prevalence of any MSK pain was 70% (95% CI: 65%-75%; I² = 92%); neck (41%; 95% CI: 35%-47%; I² = 95%), lower back (36%; 95% CI: 32%-39%; I² = 87%), and shoulder pain (28%; 95% CI: 22%-35%; I² = 91%) were most common. Pain led to workload modification in up to 44% and contributed to reduced clinical volume, sick leave, or contemplation of early retirement. Forty-six percent (95% CI: 22%-71%) pursued no treatment; 39% (95% CI: 30%-49%) used medical therapy; and 29% (95% CI: 20%-41%) sought physiotherapy. Heterogeneity was high across studies, reflecting differing case definitions and self-reported measures.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>MSK pain affects most ophthalmologists, particularly in the cervical and lumbar regions and frequently alters practice patterns. These findings underscore the need for early ergonomic training, structured micro-breaks, and workspace redesign. Prospective intervention trials are required to establish causality and quantify benefit.</p>","PeriodicalId":9606,"journal":{"name":"Canadian journal of ophthalmology. Journal canadien d'ophtalmologie","volume":" ","pages":"1132-1143"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148283129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Superficial primary corneal melanoma.","authors":"Francesc March de Ribot, Joshua Huang, Anna March de Ribot, David Pelayes, Jaime Martinez","doi":"10.1016/j.jcjo.2026.05.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcjo.2026.05.005","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9606,"journal":{"name":"Canadian journal of ophthalmology. Journal canadien d'ophtalmologie","volume":" ","pages":"1317-1320"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148161994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Small drops, big impact: implementing an eye drop bottle recycling program in a glaucoma clinic.","authors":"Rahul Moorjani, Marianne Edwards","doi":"10.1016/j.jcjo.2026.05.016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcjo.2026.05.016","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9606,"journal":{"name":"Canadian journal of ophthalmology. Journal canadien d'ophtalmologie","volume":" ","pages":"1296-1297"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148239044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinicopathological analysis of actinic keratosis affecting the eyelid.","authors":"Carolina R N M Santos, Aidan Cheema, Rodrigo Nakanami, Jacqueline Coblentz, Emily Marcotte, Miguel N Burnier","doi":"10.1016/j.jcjo.2026.05.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcjo.2026.05.011","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Actinic Keratosis (AK) is a precancerous lesion related to radiation exposure, leading to malignant transformation (MT). This study aims to assess the epidemiological, clinical and histopathological features of AK in the eyelid to allow early diagnosis and treatment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The McGill University Ocular Pathology & Translational Research Laboratory studied 200 biopsied lesions from 192 patients with a final diagnosis of AK amidst 1993 and 2023. Out of the total, 16 patients and 17 lesions were excluded due to insufficient data about the lesion's location. Samples from 176 patients (183 lesions) were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age of diagnosis for eyelid AK (EAK) was 73 years old. The co-occurrence of AK and squamous neoplasia within the same specimen was 18.6% for EAK. The typical histopathological variant was the more prevalent representing 53% of all EAK lesions. The most common lesion site in the eyelid was the lower eyelid, constituting for 52.2%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>To the best of our knowledge, this is the largest series of patients with EAK. This study emphasizes the importance of early excision with safety margins as a primary choice of treatment due to the risk of co-occurrence of AK and squamous neoplasia.</p>","PeriodicalId":9606,"journal":{"name":"Canadian journal of ophthalmology. Journal canadien d'ophtalmologie","volume":" ","pages":"1073-1078"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148175656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Age-related macular degeneration associated with glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist use: a systematic review.","authors":"Salem Abu Al-Burak, Azhar Suleiman, Vitaliy Voznyy, Mouad Elganga, Chris Zajner, Verena Juncal, Thomas G Sheidow, Monali S Malvankar-Mehta","doi":"10.1016/j.jcjo.2026.05.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcjo.2026.05.010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) are increasingly prescribed for diabetes, obesity, and cardiovascular risk reduction. However, their ocular safety profile, particularly regarding age-related macular degeneration (AMD), remains uncertain. This systematic review evaluates the association between GLP-1 RA use and the incidence or progression of AMD including both nonexudative and neovascular subtypes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic review was conducted in accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines and registered with PROSPERO (CRD420251183938). MEDLINE, Embase, CENTRAL, Web of Science, and PubMed were searched from inception through 2025 for observational studies and randomized trials evaluating AMD outcomes among adults exposed to GLP-1 RAs. Comparators included nonuse, placebo, or alternative metabolic therapies. Risk of bias was assessed using Risk of Bias in Non-Randomized Studies of Interventions and certainty of evidence using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation framework. Due to heterogeneity of outcome definitions, results were synthesized qualitatively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eight observational studies encompassing 91 408 to 600 816 participants were included. GLP-1 RA use was associated with a reduced incidence of nonexudative AMD across diabetic and nondiabetic populations, with relative risk reductions varying substantially by population, comparator, and follow-up duration. Findings for neovascular AMD were heterogeneous: most studies reported neutral or protective associations, whereas one population-based cohort of older adults with diabetes observed an increased risk (adjusted hazard ratio 2.21, 95% CI 1.65-2.96), with low absolute event rates. Overall risk of bias was moderate to high, and certainty of evidence for all outcomes was very low.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Current evidence does not demonstrate a consistent increase in AMD risk associated with GLP-1 RA therapy and may be associated with a lower incidence of nonexudative AMD, although the certainty of evidence is very low and noncausal explanations cannot be excluded. Prospective studies with standardized endpoints are needed to clarify causal relationships.</p>","PeriodicalId":9606,"journal":{"name":"Canadian journal of ophthalmology. Journal canadien d'ophtalmologie","volume":" ","pages":"1253-1261"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148161974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A common surgery for an uncommon problem: vitrectomy with membrane peeling in myopic traction maculopathy.","authors":"Wai-Yan Lam, Athithan Ambikkumar, Qing Li, Nicholas S K Fung, Angie H C Fong, Amin Kherani, Wai-Ching Lam","doi":"10.1016/j.jcjo.2026.04.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcjo.2026.04.002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate vitrectomy with membrane peeling across the spectrum of myopic traction maculopathy (MTM) and identify prognostic factors for anatomical and functional success.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients with MTM who underwent vitrectomy and membrane peeling between 2018 and 2023 were included. Percentage reduction in mean foveal thickness (MFT) was used as a marker of anatomical outcome, and visual acuity was the primary outcome. The secondary outcomes were factors associated with anatomical success and visual acuity (VA) improvement.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Ninety-four eyes from 84 patients were included. For myopic foveoschisis-only (37 eyes), the anatomical success rate was 95% with a mean of an 8-letter gain. For isolated macular detachment (without macular holes) (15 eyes), 93% achieved retinal reattachment with a mean of a 3.5-line gain. Isolated macular holes (22 eyes) achieved macular hole closure in 73% of cases with a mean of a 7-letter gain. Macular hole retinal detachment (20 eyes) achieved retinal reattachment in 80% of cases and simultaneous macular hole closure in 20%, with a mean of 3-letter gain. Higher preoperative MFT (p < 0.001) and more advanced perpendicular staging (p < 0.001) were associated with greater % MFT reduction. Better preoperative VA (p < 0.001), less advanced tangential staging (p = 0.016), and preoperative phakic status (p = 0.004) were predictive of better postoperative VA. For myopic foveschisis-only, the use of long-acting gas was associated with a postoperative VA that was 3 lines worse (p = 0.04).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Vitrectomy with membrane peeling is effective in the management of MTM, especially for myopic foveoschisis-only and isolated macular detachment. Less advanced tangential stages and better preoperative VA are predictive of better postoperative VA.</p>","PeriodicalId":9606,"journal":{"name":"Canadian journal of ophthalmology. Journal canadien d'ophtalmologie","volume":" ","pages":"1226-1232"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147834108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}