Bundesgesundheitsblatt, Gesundheitsforschung, Gesundheitsschutz最新文献_第2页

[Trends of antibiotic use and resistance in livestock from 2014 to 2024 using the example of fattening turkeys and broiler chickens as well as the effects on humans]. [2014年至2024年牲畜抗生素使用和耐药性趋势（以育肥火鸡和肉鸡为例）以及对人类的影响]。

IF 1.5 4区医学

Bundesgesundheitsblatt, Gesundheitsforschung, Gesundheitsschutz Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-04-02 DOI: 10.1007/s00103-026-04227-5

Matthias Flor, Bernd-Alois Tenhagen

{"title":"[Trends of antibiotic use and resistance in livestock from 2014 to 2024 using the example of fattening turkeys and broiler chickens as well as the effects on humans].","authors":"Matthias Flor, Bernd-Alois Tenhagen","doi":"10.1007/s00103-026-04227-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00103-026-04227-5","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: In livestock, antibiotics are often used to treat groups of animals, such as poultry. With the 16th amendment of the Medicinal Products Act, the antibiotic minimization concept was introduced in Germany in 2014. As a result, treatment frequencies were reduced in many animal populations. The aim of this study is to present the development of antibiotic use and resistance in the populations of fattening turkeys and broiler chickens as well as the effects on the resistance situation in human medicine.Methods: The treatment frequencies in fattening turkeys and broiler chickens for 2014-2024 were compared with data from zoonosis monitoring, namely the resistance rates of Escherichia (E.) coli, Campylobacter (C.) coli, and C. jejuni against antibiotics, and contextualized in relation to the human resistance situation based on Joint Interagency Antimicrobial Consumption and Resistance Analysis (JIACRA) work.Results: The treatment frequency decreased from 60.9 to 45.6 days (-26%) in fattening turkeys but increased from 41.5 to 45.9 days (+11%) in broiler chickens. The use of critically important antibiotics has been greatly reduced in both populations. In fattening turkeys, the resistance rates of E. coli decreased significantly, whereas in broiler chickens, some increases were observed. Resistance of C. jejuni to ciprofloxacin increased despite reduced antibiotic use. The JIACRA reports show that the development of resistance in E. coli from animals and humans is associated with the use of antibiotics in the respective population, whereas in Campylobacter there is a direct relationship between animal and human resistance rates.Discussion: The results illustrate the need for targeted measures to further reduce the use of antibiotics and point to complex dynamics in resistance development.","PeriodicalId":9562,"journal":{"name":"Bundesgesundheitsblatt, Gesundheitsforschung, Gesundheitsschutz","volume":" ","pages":"528-536"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13132966/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147590277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[Modulation of the gut microbiome for the eradication of multidrug-resistant pathogens: current approaches and perspectives]. [调节肠道微生物群以根除多药耐药病原体：当前的方法和观点]。

IF 1.5 4区医学

Bundesgesundheitsblatt, Gesundheitsforschung, Gesundheitsschutz Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-04-07 DOI: 10.1007/s00103-026-04229-3

Tobias Weirauch, Maria J G T Vehreschild

{"title":"[Modulation of the gut microbiome for the eradication of multidrug-resistant pathogens: current approaches and perspectives].","authors":"Tobias Weirauch, Maria J G T Vehreschild","doi":"10.1007/s00103-026-04229-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00103-026-04229-3","url":null,"abstract":"The global rise in antibiotic resistance represents one of the greatest threats facing modern medicine. Colonization of the gastrointestinal tract with multidrug-resistant organisms is considered a critical risk factor for nosocomial infections across various patient populations. In this context, targeted decolonization strategies are moving into the focus of clinical research. For a long time, non-absorbable antibiotics were considered a promising approach for local eradication; however, the evidence generated on this question does not suggest sufficient clinical efficacy of this approach. Alternative strategies, such as fecal microbiota transplantation, have shown encouraging results in case reports and small-scale studies for the decolonization of multidrug-resistant organisms. Live biotherapeutic products and certain probiotics are also being explored as potential options for microbiome modulation and reduction of antimicrobial resistance. However, the current evidence base remains heterogeneous, and robust randomized controlled trials are largely lacking. This article aims to provide an overview on the current understanding of gastrointestinal colonization with multidrug-resistant organisms and to discuss the clinical relevance of non-absorbable antibiotics as well as the potential role of microbiome-based therapies in the context of the global antibiotic resistance crisis.","PeriodicalId":9562,"journal":{"name":"Bundesgesundheitsblatt, Gesundheitsforschung, Gesundheitsschutz","volume":" ","pages":"590-596"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13133220/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147626875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[Pharmacokinetic and metabolic considerations of antibiotic usage in children and the elderly]. [儿童和老年人抗生素使用的药代动力学和代谢因素]。

IF 1.5 4区医学

Bundesgesundheitsblatt, Gesundheitsforschung, Gesundheitsschutz Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-04-13 DOI: 10.1007/s00103-026-04233-7

Nils-Olaf Hübner

{"title":"[Pharmacokinetic and metabolic considerations of antibiotic usage in children and the elderly].","authors":"Nils-Olaf Hübner","doi":"10.1007/s00103-026-04233-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00103-026-04233-7","url":null,"abstract":"The efficacy of antimicrobial therapies depends on achieving a pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic target. Therefore, correct dosing is crucial for the efficacy and safety of antimicrobial therapies. This article provides an overview of the pharmacological considerations of antimicrobial therapy in older adults and children. These groups, in particular, face an increased risk of improper dosage, as standardized dosing regimens are generally based on studies in middle-aged adults and may not adequately reflect individuals with different pharmacokinetics (absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion; PK) and pharmacodynamics (interaction with the pathogen and therapeutic effect; PD). However, incorrect dosing increases the likelihood of treatment failure, the development of antimicrobial resistance, and side effects.In older adults, absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination of the anti-infective agent can be affected by reduced absorption, changes in body composition, reduced liver and kidney function, and polypharmacy. In children, relevant aspects are age-related differences in organ maturation, enzyme activity, and glomerular filtration rate. These factors can impair treatment success and can lead to subtherapeutic doses, thus fostering selection of resistant microorganisms.For older adults and children, individualized dose adjustments that take into account their pharmacokinetic specifics are therefore necessary. In addition, thorough patient education and support are essential to ensure efficacy, safety, and adherence as well as to prevent the spread of resistance.","PeriodicalId":9562,"journal":{"name":"Bundesgesundheitsblatt, Gesundheitsforschung, Gesundheitsschutz","volume":" ","pages":"567-573"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13133199/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147670467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Erratum zu: Wirkungen der Beteiligung und Partizipation von Bürger:innen in Erkenntnisprozessen der integrierten kommunalen Gesundheitsförderung. Ein systematischer Scoping-Review. 社区参与和社区参与：社区参与和社区参与。系统范围回顾。

IF 1.5 4区医学

Bundesgesundheitsblatt, Gesundheitsforschung, Gesundheitsschutz Pub Date : 2026-05-01 DOI: 10.1007/s00103-026-04206-w

Susanne Hartung, Stefanie Houwaart, Ursula von Rüden, Ina Schaefer

引用次数: 0

Richtwerte für α-Pinen in der Innenraumluft : Mitteilung des Ausschusses für Innenraumrichtwerte (AIR). 室内空气中α-松的指示值：室内空气指示值委员会（AIR）。

IF 1.5 4区医学

Bundesgesundheitsblatt, Gesundheitsforschung, Gesundheitsschutz Pub Date : 2026-05-01 DOI: 10.1007/s00103-026-04217-7

引用次数: 0

Addendum zum HBM-I-Wert von Bisphenol A (BPA) : Stellungnahme der Kommission „Human-Biomonitoring“ des Umweltbundesamtes. 双酚A （BPA）的HBM I值附录：德国联邦环境署人类生物监测委员会的意见。

IF 1.5 4区医学

Bundesgesundheitsblatt, Gesundheitsforschung, Gesundheitsschutz Pub Date : 2026-05-01 DOI: 10.1007/s00103-026-04218-6

引用次数: 0

[Antibiotic use: psychological factors influencing perceptions and behavior of physicians and patients]. [抗生素使用：影响医生和患者认知和行为的心理因素]。

IF 1.5 4区医学

Bundesgesundheitsblatt, Gesundheitsforschung, Gesundheitsschutz Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-04-01 DOI: 10.1007/s00103-026-04225-7

Robert Böhm, Rian Gross, Lars Korn, Alina Schneider, Elisabeth D C Sievert, Cornelia Betsch

{"title":"[Antibiotic use: psychological factors influencing perceptions and behavior of physicians and patients].","authors":"Robert Böhm, Rian Gross, Lars Korn, Alina Schneider, Elisabeth D C Sievert, Cornelia Betsch","doi":"10.1007/s00103-026-04225-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00103-026-04225-7","url":null,"abstract":"Antibiotic resistance threatens the effectiveness of standard therapies. The dynamics of antibiotic resistance are substantially affected by inappropriate antibiotic use. Therefore, this article places humans at the center of efforts to reduce inappropriate antibiotic use, with a focus both on ambulatory and stationary care. We analyze psychological factors that contribute to inappropriate antibiotic prescribing by physicians and to inappropriate use by patients.Drawing on a narrative review, we identify the following physician-side determinants: (i) knowledge and problem awareness, (ii) diagnostic and prognostic uncertainty, (iii) processes related to judgment and decision-making, (iv) social norms and team structures, and (v) relationships with patients. On the patient side, we identify (i) knowledge and problem awareness, (ii) processes related to judgment and decision-making, and (iii) dealing with diagnostic and prognostic uncertainty.For each factor, we present evidence-based measures that can positively influence both appropriate prescribing and use. Systematically integrating these approaches into antibiotic stewardship initiatives can help improve prescribing and consumption practices.","PeriodicalId":9562,"journal":{"name":"Bundesgesundheitsblatt, Gesundheitsforschung, Gesundheitsschutz","volume":" ","pages":"574-581"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13132941/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147590266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[Antibiotics and phages: effects of combined therapy on susceptibility and resistance of bacterial pathogens]. [抗生素与噬菌体：联合治疗对细菌病原菌的敏感性和耐药性的影响]。

IF 1.5 4区医学

Bundesgesundheitsblatt, Gesundheitsforschung, Gesundheitsschutz Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-04-13 DOI: 10.1007/s00103-026-04232-8

Peter Heisig, Anke Heisig

{"title":"[Antibiotics and phages: effects of combined therapy on susceptibility and resistance of bacterial pathogens].","authors":"Peter Heisig, Anke Heisig","doi":"10.1007/s00103-026-04232-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00103-026-04232-8","url":null,"abstract":"The increasing use of antibiotics both in human therapy and for non-therapeutic applications with simultaneous reduction in antibiotic drug development have led to a world-wide rise in antibiotic resistance. Before the age of antibiotics, bacteriophages (phages) were already used initially in France and Georgia and later in the USA and Russia. Today, phages are increasingly being used to treat infections caused by antibiotic-resistant bacteria either alone or in combination with antibiotics.Combining phages with antibiotics reduces the likelihood of simultaneous resistance development against both agents. In contrast to chemically defined antibiotics, phages have the ability to adapt to resistant host cells through genetic mechanisms. However, bacterial mutants that confer antibiotic resistance could simultaneously limit the effectiveness of phages. To avoid such effects, detailed knowledge of the mechanism of action and resistance of the antibiotic as well as the replication strategy of the phage is required. For the individual steps in the replication cycle of the lytic phages, the possible effects on resistance to the corresponding phages are analyzed for host cell factors associated with antibiotic resistance. Based on selected combinations, it becomes evident that resistance to one component is often accompanied by increased sensitivity to the other, which significantly reduces the likelihood of simultaneous resistance to both. Particularly efficient appear to be synergistic combinations, such as those consisting of an antibiotic and endolysin, a bactericidal phage enzyme.","PeriodicalId":9562,"journal":{"name":"Bundesgesundheitsblatt, Gesundheitsforschung, Gesundheitsschutz","volume":" ","pages":"582-589"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13132894/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147670525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[Antibiotic resistance-a never-ending story?] 抗生素耐药性——一个永无止境的故事？］

IF 1.5 4区医学

Bundesgesundheitsblatt, Gesundheitsforschung, Gesundheitsschutz Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-04-30 DOI: 10.1007/s00103-026-04235-5

Sebastian Günther, Peter Heisig

引用次数: 0

[Molecular mechanisms underlying the development and spread of antibiotic resistance]. [抗生素耐药性发展和传播的分子机制]。

IF 1.5 4区医学

Bundesgesundheitsblatt, Gesundheitsforschung, Gesundheitsschutz Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-04-09 DOI: 10.1007/s00103-026-04231-9

Anke Heisig, Peter Heisig

{"title":"[Molecular mechanisms underlying the development and spread of antibiotic resistance].","authors":"Anke Heisig, Peter Heisig","doi":"10.1007/s00103-026-04231-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00103-026-04231-9","url":null,"abstract":"Antibiotics are characterized by their selective toxicity against bacterial pathogens. Due to the high genetic flexibility of bacteria, which includes mutations in their own genes as well as the uptake of foreign genes from other species, pathogens can rapidly adapt, for example, by altering molecular target structures. This article provides an overview of the molecular basis of important, clinically relevant mechanisms of resistance to antibiotics and describes the ways for transfer of the genes involved.The emergence of antibiotic-resistant mutants can be essentially explained by three fundamental molecular mechanisms: (1) alteration of the binding site for an antibiotic, (2) reduction of the antibiotic concentration at the binding site, and (3) enzymatic modification of the antibiotic. Depending on the molecular structure of the antibiotic, its interaction with the target structure, and the genetic makeup of the respective pathogen, numerous variations of these three mechanisms exist.To select an appropriate therapy in the presence of antibiotic resistance, the knowledge of the underlying resistance mechanism, the timely identification of the responsible pathogen and its susceptibility to alternative antibiotics are necessary. A fundamental disadvantage of chemically defined antibiotics is their inability to structurally adapt to conditions altered by the acquisition of resistance. In addition to reducing selective pressure and maintaining hygienic standards, the use of bacteriophages represents a promising alternative. As \"biological agents,\" phages can adapt to phage-resistant bacterial mutants during therapy through genetic changes.","PeriodicalId":9562,"journal":{"name":"Bundesgesundheitsblatt, Gesundheitsforschung, Gesundheitsschutz","volume":" ","pages":"512-520"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13132922/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147637990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0