Bundesgesundheitsblatt, Gesundheitsforschung, Gesundheitsschutz最新文献

{"title":"[Digital information materials on dementia-an exploratory content analysis].","authors":"Dominik Daube, Doreen Reifegerste","doi":"10.1007/s00103-024-03893-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00103-024-03893-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>A diagnosis of dementia places a heavy burden on those affected and their families. Often, difficult decisions must be made. Ideally, people with a new dementia diagnosis make informed decisions together with family members. Digital informational materials can be an important low-threshold resource for making informed decisions. They should provide comprehensive information about dementia, including both primary prevention (risk factors for the onset of dementia) and later treatment options. They should also cover precautionary measures that can make future decisions easier (e.g., advance directives, power of attorney). However, there is currently no comprehensive overview of the various online resources for dementia-related information.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study explores digital informational materials on dementia for different target groups in the German-speaking area using an innovative systematic search strategy. It examines how these materials are structured in terms of risk factors, treatment options, and decision support. This methodological approach is new, so it is described and discussed in detail.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results show that most materials are intended for people with dementia and their families. Treatment measures are often discussed without explaining the risk factors they are meant to address. There is little focus on preventive measures that could support decision-making.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The unbalanced presentation could lead to certain measures being difficult to understand (for laypeople) or to misinterpretation of risk factors. Important implications are drawn from these findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":9562,"journal":{"name":"Bundesgesundheitsblatt, Gesundheitsforschung, Gesundheitsschutz","volume":" ","pages":"947-955"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11282147/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141161029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[ADAS and automation-a relevant contribution to maintaining mobility of older drivers?]","authors":"Wolfgang Fastenmeier","doi":"10.1007/s00103-024-03930-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00103-024-03930-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Driving is the most important and safest form of mobility for the majority of senior citizens. However, physical and mental performance gradually decline with age, which can lead to more problems, critical situations or even accidents. Vehicle technology innovations such as advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) have the potential to increase the road safety of older people and maintain their individual mobility for as long as possible.This overview article aims to identify ADAS that have the greatest potential to reduce the number of accidents involving older drivers. For this purpose, the accident and damage occurrence as well as the driving behaviour and compensation strategies of older people are examined in more detail. Suitable ADAS should compensate for typical driver errors, reduce information deficiencies and have a high level of acceptance. For older drivers, emergency braking, parking assistance, navigation, intersection assistance and distance speed control systems as well as systems for detecting blind spots and obstacles appear to be particularly suitable.Some of the disadvantages of ADAS are the lack of market penetration, acceptance problems and interface designs that have not yet been optimally adapted to the needs of older users. For older drivers in particular, it appears to be a priority to develop coherent and integrated solutions in the sense of cooperative assistance instead of pushing ahead with high and full automation with many system limits and exceptions, which can place high demands on attention, for example if the vehicle has to be taken over in a critical situation.</p>","PeriodicalId":9562,"journal":{"name":"Bundesgesundheitsblatt, Gesundheitsforschung, Gesundheitsschutz","volume":" ","pages":"931-938"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141589741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Influence of neurological diseases on mobility and ability to drive].","authors":"Günther Thayssen, Klaus Püschel","doi":"10.1007/s00103-024-03920-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00103-024-03920-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Neurology deals with organic diseases of the muscles, the peripheral nerves of the trunk and extremities, and the central nervous system (spinal cord, brain, stem, cerebellum, and cerebrum). Diseases that lead to dysfunction of these structures can cause both physical and cognitive problems. Therefore, neurological diseases can particularly impair personal mobility through both physical limitations and cognitive deficits. Many of the diseases show a significant increase in frequency with age.Physical impairments in mobility primarily manifest as gait disorders. These are found to a relevant extent in two-thirds of people older than 80 years of age and are a common cause of falls, often with considerable sequelae. Driving a car can have negative effects, for example, on reaction speed, braking power, and looking over the shoulder. Parkinson's disease as well as paralysis and sensory disorders in the context of polyneuropathies can be responsible for this.Driving a car is an obvious compensatory mechanism with respect to impaired walking ability. However, the cause of many diseases that affect the fitness to walk lies in the central nervous system, often in the area of the cerebrum. Consequently, cognitive deficits manifest themselves in addition to physical ones, which further restrict mobility through the loss of the fitness to drive. Neurological diseases typical of old age that limit mobility in this way include Parkinson's disease and circulatory disorders of the brain. In addition, epileptic seizures occur more frequently in old age as a symptom of other diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":9562,"journal":{"name":"Bundesgesundheitsblatt, Gesundheitsforschung, Gesundheitsschutz","volume":" ","pages":"890-895"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11281944/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141619311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mitteilungen des Arbeitskreises Blut des Bundesministeriums für Gesundheit : Monitoring von Erythrozytenkonzentraten.","authors":"","doi":"10.1007/s00103-024-03897-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00103-024-03897-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9562,"journal":{"name":"Bundesgesundheitsblatt, Gesundheitsforschung, Gesundheitsschutz","volume":"67 8","pages":"964-967"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141765534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[What importance does outpatient care have for mobility in rural areas? Results from a GPS study among persons aged 75 and older].","authors":"Christine Haeger, Sandra A Mümken, Robert P Spang, Max Brauer, Jan-Niklas Voigt-Antons, Paul Gellert","doi":"10.1007/s00103-024-03917-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00103-024-03917-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Out-of-home mobility, defined as active and passive movement through external environments, is a resource for autonomy, quality of life, and self-realization in older age. Various factors influence out-of-home mobility, primarily studied in urban settings. The study aims to examine associated factors in a study population aged 75 and above in rural areas.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Baseline data from the MOBILE trial involving 212 participants aged 75 and above and collected between June 2021 and October 2022 were analyzed. Out-of-home mobility was measured temporally as time out of home (TOH) and spatially as convex hull (CHull) using GPS over seven days. Mixed models considered outpatient care parameters as well as personal, social, and environmental factors along with covariates such as age and gender.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants in the MOBILE study (average age 81.5; SD: 4.1; 56.1% female) exhibited average out-of-home mobility of TOH: 319.3 min (SD: 196.3) and CHull: 41.3 (SD: 132.8). Significant associations were found for age (TOH: ß = -0.039, p < 0.001), social network (TOH: ß = 0.123, p < 0.001), living arrangement (CHull: ß = 0.689, p = 0.035), health literacy (CHull: ß = 0.077, p = 0.008), sidewalk quality (ß = 0.366, p = 0.003), green space ratio (TOH: ß = 0.005, p = 0.047), outpatient care utilization (TOH: ß = -0.637, p < 0.001, CHull: ß = 1.532; p = 0.025), and active driving (TOH: ß = -0.361, p = 0.004).</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Previously known multifactorial associations related to objectively measured out-of-home mobility in old age could be confirmed in rural areas. Novel and relevant for research and practice is the significant correlation between out-of-home mobility and outpatient care utilization.</p>","PeriodicalId":9562,"journal":{"name":"Bundesgesundheitsblatt, Gesundheitsforschung, Gesundheitsschutz","volume":" ","pages":"921-930"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11281988/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141490996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bewertung der PFAS-20 aus der Trinkwasserverordnung : Empfehlung des Umweltbundesamtes nach Anhörung der Trinkwasserkommission.","authors":"","doi":"10.1007/s00103-024-03929-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00103-024-03929-y","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9562,"journal":{"name":"Bundesgesundheitsblatt, Gesundheitsforschung, Gesundheitsschutz","volume":"67 8","pages":"975-979"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141765557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of fatalities due to COVID-19 and other nonexternal causes during the first five pandemic waves : Results from multiple cause of death statistics in Bavaria.","authors":"Andrea Buschner, Katharina Katz, Andreas Beyerlein","doi":"10.1007/s00103-024-03914-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00103-024-03914-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Older age is a risk factor for a fatal course of SARS-CoV‑2 infection, possibly due to comorbidities whose exact role in this context, however, is not yet well understood. In this paper, the characteristics and comorbidities of persons who had died of COVID-19 in Bavaria by July 2022 are shown and compared with the characteristics of other fatalities during the pandemic.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Based on data from multiple cause of death statistics, odds ratios for dying from COVID-19 (compared to dying from other nonexternal causes of death) were calculated by using logistic regression models, stratified by age, sex, and pandemic waves.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In Bavaria, a total of 24,479 persons (6.5% of all deaths) officially died from COVID-19 between March 2020 and July 2022. In addition to increasing age and male sex, preexisting diseases and comorbidities such as obesity, degenerative diseases of the nervous system, dementia, renal insufficiency, chronic lower respiratory diseases, and diabetes mellitus were significantly associated with COVID-19-related deaths. Dementia was mainly associated with increased COVID-19 mortality during the first and second waves, while obesity was strongly associated during the fourth wave.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The frequency of specific comorbidities in COVID-19 deaths varied over the course of the pandemic. This suggests that wave-specific results also need to be interpreted against the background of circulating virus variants, changing immunisation levels, and nonpharmaceutical interventions in place at the time.</p>","PeriodicalId":9562,"journal":{"name":"Bundesgesundheitsblatt, Gesundheitsforschung, Gesundheitsschutz","volume":" ","pages":"939-946"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11282133/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141619313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Rehabilitation success after psychosomatic rehabilitation as a function of psychotherapy dose].","authors":"Kirsten Rotter, Bernhard Koch, Alexandra Lambrecht, Axel Kobelt-Pönicke","doi":"10.1007/s00103-024-03898-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00103-024-03898-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Increasing the effectiveness of psychosomatic rehabilitation by prolonging the treatment is a subject of controversial debate. The number of sessions over time defines the dosage in psychotherapy. While the dose-response model assumes an optimal therapy dose, the good-enough level model assumes a correlation of the rate of change with the total sessions. A randomized control group study was conducted to investigate the extent to which an adaptive therapy concept with a two-week intensive phase and early intervention could increase rehabilitation success.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A total of 494 rehabilitants between the ages of 21 and 64 (47% women) who completed a classical or an integrative psychosomatic rehabilitation at the Rehazentrum Oberharz between 2020 and 2022 were analysed. Rehabilitation success was mapped by the Reliable Change Index of individual symptom reduction (depression severity or psychological and somatoform disorders) and as a socio-medical parameter (physician's assessment of potential work ability (WA) after two weeks). Two-factorial ANOVAs and hierarchical binary logistic regressions were calculated, and sick leave before rehabilitation was statistically controlled.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Dosage showed no effect on symptom reduction (p = 0.29) and potential WA after two weeks (p = 0.90). However, when stratified by disease severity, there was a mean effect of dosage (p = 0.05) and twice the probability of WA after two weeks (odds 2.13; p = 0.01) for those with mild disease at the start of measure (p = 0.05).</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>In the early stages of an affective disorder, early and intensified intervention can counteract the chronification of mental disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":9562,"journal":{"name":"Bundesgesundheitsblatt, Gesundheitsforschung, Gesundheitsschutz","volume":" ","pages":"824-832"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141075554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Psychotherapeutic consultation at work: associations between company size and psychosomatic health].","authors":"Nicole R Hander, Julia Krohn, Fiona Kohl, Meike Heming, Yesim Erim, Regina Herold, Christoph Kröger, Marieke Hansmann, Volker Köllner, Sophia Chrysanthou, Uta Wegewitz, Ute B Schröder, Manuel Feißt, Kristin Herrmann, Eva Rothermund","doi":"10.1007/s00103-024-03904-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00103-024-03904-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The utilization of psychotherapeutic consultation at work (PT-A) has so far been investigated in large enterprises (LEs). These differ structurally from small(est) and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Differences in the user profiles of a PT‑A with regard to psychosomatic health, work-related self-efficacy, and work ability depending on company size have hardly been investigated. This study also examined differences in the employees' perception of the psychosocial safety climate (PSC) in the company, which represents management's efforts to promote mental health.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>As part of the Early Intervention in the Workplace intervention study called \"friaa\", employees from LEs and SMEs interested in a PT‑A were surveyed throughout Germany from September 2021 to January 2023. Using t‑ and χ²-tests, differences between employees in LEs (n = 439) and SMEs (n = 109) were examined with regard to the ICD-10 F diagnostic code (\"International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems\"; mental and behavioral disorders), depression (PHQ-9), anxiety (GAD-2), level of functioning (GAF), somatic symptom burden (SSS-8), health (VR-12), ability to work (WAI), self-efficacy (SOSES), and psychosocial safety climate (PSC-4). The association between these variables and especially the PSC‑4 were investigated using correlation analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both groups showed similar levels of stress. From the employees' perspective, psychosocial issues were addressed significantly more frequently in LEs than in SMEs with a medium effect size. The study provided initial indications that in LEs there were positive correlations of the PSC‑4 with SOSES and WAI and negative ones with PHQ‑9 and SSS‑8.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The comparable psychological strain on employees in LEs and SMEs points to the need for behavioral and structural preventive measures regardless of the company size. Mainly in SMEs, organizational communication of psychosocial health should be given greater priority.</p>","PeriodicalId":9562,"journal":{"name":"Bundesgesundheitsblatt, Gesundheitsforschung, Gesundheitsschutz","volume":" ","pages":"772-782"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11230955/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141417956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Mental health in the workplace - What role do socioeconomic-, gender-, and migration-related inequalities play?]","authors":"Regina Herold, Manuel Feißt, Eva Morawa, Sinja Hondong, Eva Rothermund, Tamara Waldmann, Meike Heming, Jeannette Weber, Nicole R Hander, Nadine Mulfinger, Christoph Kröger, Yesim Erim","doi":"10.1007/s00103-024-03902-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00103-024-03902-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Risk factors for mental health can be found in socio-economic-, gender- and migration-specific inequalities. These factors and the extent of depression, anxiety, and somatization among employees were examined in the present study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>As part of the Early Intervention in the Workplace Study (friaa), mentally burdened employees at five locations in Germany were surveyed on socio-demographic-, work-, migration-, and health-related content. Regression analyses were used to examine the relationship between these factors and depression (Patient-Health-Questionnaire-9, PHQ-9), anxiety (Generalized Anxiety Disorder-2, GAD-2), and somatization (Somatic Symptom Scale-8, SSS-8) in the entire sample and in people with migration background (MB). For the latter, acculturation (Frankfurt Acculturation Scale, FRACC) and the perception of burden in terms of demands of immigration (Demands of Immigration Scale, DIS) were also taken into account.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>On average, the 550 employees (12% with MB) showed clinically relevant depression (M = 13.0, SD = 5.1) (PHQ-9 ≥ 10), anxiety (M = 3.5, SD = 1.7) (GAD ≥ 3) and somatization (M = 13.0, SD = 5.8) (SSS-8 ≥ 12). Female gender was associated with higher anxiety and somatization. Older age and night shift work were associated with higher somatization.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The results confirm the high level of mental burden among this sample of employees in Germany. In order to maintain their mental health, support measures should be offered, especially for vulnerable groups such as women, older employees, and night shift workers.</p>","PeriodicalId":9562,"journal":{"name":"Bundesgesundheitsblatt, Gesundheitsforschung, Gesundheitsschutz","volume":" ","pages":"783-795"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11230977/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141426371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}