Cardiology in Review最新文献

{"title":"Clinical Features of Cardiac Calcified Amorphous Tumor: A Narrative Review.","authors":"Yu Takahashi, Yusuke Inaba, Hiroshi Tsuchiya, Sachito Minegishi, Tetsuya Niino, Hidehito Endo, Hiroshi Kubota","doi":"10.1097/CRD.0000000000000714","DOIUrl":"10.1097/CRD.0000000000000714","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A cardiac calcified amorphous tumor (CAT) is a non-neoplastic cardiac mass composed of calcified nodules surrounded by amorphous fibrous tissue in a context of degeneration and chronic inflammation. Although CAT cases are increasingly reported, its clinical manifestation remains unclear. We aimed to conduct a narrative review of CAT and identify its clinical characteristics. We conducted a comprehensive literature search using PubMed, with the keyword \"Cardiac Calcified Amorphous Tumor\" to identify relevant articles. A total of 113 articles published between 1997 and 2022 were retrieved. The clinical features allowing for assess patient background, differences with and without end-stage renal disease (ESRD), symptom-related factors, risk factors for embolism caused by CAT, and features of CAT, such as shape, location, mobility, pathology, and treatment, were statistically analyzed in 106 criteria-matched cases. The mean patient age was 60.2 ± 18.6 years, with 45 men and 61 women. Of the data collected from 21 countries, 52 patients were from Japan. Mobile CAT was more common in the chronic renal failure group. Linear, club-shaped, and spindle-shaped CAT tended to be mobile and more common in the ESRD group as well as located in the mitral valve region. The shape, mobility, location, and underlying mechanism of CAT depended on the presence or absence of ESRD. The risk of embolism was considered high because mobile CAT was more common in the ESRD group, and CAT originated in the mitral valve region. Hence, early diagnosis based on periodic examination in patients with ESRD and aggressive surgical treatment are necessary.</p>","PeriodicalId":9549,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology in Review","volume":" ","pages":"408-415"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13440605/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140897426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bilateral Oophorectomy and Heart Failure Risk: Mechanisms, Evidence, and Clinical Implications.","authors":"Danya Z Jafri, Sandesh Bhattarai, Mariah Hassan, Vibha Sharma, William H Frishman, Wilbert S Aronow","doi":"10.1097/CRD.0000000000001457","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/CRD.0000000000001457","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Heart failure (HF), particularly heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), disproportionately affects women, yet female-specific and iatrogenic contributors to HF risk remain deeply underrecognized. Bilateral oophorectomy (BO) results in abrupt estrogen deprivation and has increasingly been associated with adverse cardiovascular outcomes, particularly when performed before natural menopause. This review examines the mechanistic and epidemiologic evidence linking BO to cardiovascular disease and HF, with particular attention to age at oophorectomy, estrogen deprivation, and the potential modifying role of estrogen replacement therapy (ERT). Growing evidence associates BO with increased cardiovascular morbidity, mortality, and HF risk, with the greatest risk observed among women undergoing premenopausal BO. Abrupt estrogen loss may contribute through endothelial dysfunction, increased vascular stiffness, adverse metabolic and inflammatory changes, neurohormonal activation, and myocardial remodeling-mechanisms that substantially overlap with HFpEF pathophysiology. ERT may mitigate some cardiovascular consequences of premature surgical menopause, although its effects appear dependent on age, timing of initiation, and route of administration. Recognition of BO as a female-specific cardiovascular risk factor may serve as a critical opportunity for earlier risk identification, targeted prevention, and individualized multidisciplinary care to reduce long-term cardiovascular and HF risk in women worldwide.</p>","PeriodicalId":9549,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology in Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148872947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors Determining the Need for Ultrafiltration in Cardiorenal Syndrome.","authors":"Muhammed Ali Coşkuner, Ayça İnci, Gökhan Köker, Üstün Yilmaz, Şakir Arslan","doi":"10.1097/CRD.0000000000000858","DOIUrl":"10.1097/CRD.0000000000000858","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigates the factors determining the need for ultrafiltration (UF) in patients with cardiorenal syndrome presenting with hypervolemia-related symptoms and signs. A total of 88 patients hospitalized for hypervolemia were treated according to current guidelines, with UF employed as a rescue therapy when diuretic treatment failed to achieve adequate decongestion. Data collected included medical history, laboratory findings, blood pressures, diuretic doses, spot urine sodium (measured 6 hours after diuretic therapy), response to diuretics, postdischarge creatinine levels, rehospitalization rates, and mortality rates. UF was required in 23.90% of patients due to insufficient response to diuretics, with a higher rate observed in men (34.10%) compared with women (13.64%). Patients needing UF had lower systolic blood pressure, higher initial serum creatinine levels, and elevated pro-B-type natriuretic peptide levels. Statistical analysis showed that an increase in initial creatinine levels raised the risk of requiring UF by 6.443 times, while a one-unit decrease in urine sodium increased the risk by 1.037 times. These findings suggest that male gender, high pro-B-type natriuretic peptide levels, low spot urine sodium, low systolic blood pressure, and high initial creatinine levels may predict the need for UF. Further research involving larger patient cohorts is necessary to refine these criteria and develop a risk score.</p>","PeriodicalId":9549,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology in Review","volume":" ","pages":"451-456"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145888487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Revolutionizing Cardiovascular Frontiers: A Dive Into Cutting-Edge Innovations in Coronary Stent Technology.","authors":"Alice Valeria Wiyono, Azizah Puspitasari Ardinal","doi":"10.1097/CRD.0000000000000705","DOIUrl":"10.1097/CRD.0000000000000705","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Plain balloon angioplasty was the initial method used to enlarge the intracoronary lumen size. However, it was linked to acute coronary closure due to early vessel recoil. This led to the invention of coronary stents, which offer mechanical support to open and maintain the vascular lumen. Nevertheless, the metallic scaffold introduced other issues, such as thrombosis and restenosis caused by neointimal proliferation. To address these concerns, polymers were employed to cover the scaffold, acting as drug reservoirs and regulators for controlled drug release. The use of polymers prevents direct contact between blood and metallic scaffolds. Drugs within the stent were incorporated to inhibit proliferation and expedite endothelialization in the healing process. Despite these advancements, adverse effects still arise due to the inflammatory reaction caused by the polymer material. Consequently, resorbable polymers and scaffolds were later discovered, but they have limitations and are not universally applicable. Various scaffold designs, thicknesses, materials, polymer components, and drugs have their own advantages and complications. Each stent generation has been designed to address the shortcomings of the preceding generation, yet new challenges continue to emerge. Conflicting data regarding the long-term safety and efficacy of coronary stents, especially in the extended follow-up, further complicates the assessment.</p>","PeriodicalId":9549,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology in Review","volume":" ","pages":"397-407"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13440557/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140849893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"One-Year Outcomes of Myval Versus Contemporary Transcatheter Heart Valves in Severe Aortic Stenosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Faisal A Al-Harbi, Ahmad Khalaf Alanazi, Norah Abdullah Algoblan, Sayer Samawi Aldhafeeri, Layan Bader Alrashoodi, Mohammed Ahmad Alamer, Ola Fozan Alquraishi, Alhanouf Abdalmahsn Alresaini, Norah Mohammed Almutiq, Mohammad Saad Aljibreen, Lamis Faisal Alwabili, Naser Kolko","doi":"10.1097/CRD.0000000000001459","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/CRD.0000000000001459","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Myval and Myval Octacor transcatheter heart valves (THVs) are newer-generation balloon-expandable devices for transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) in severe aortic stenosis (AS), but comprehensive synthesis of 1-year outcomes incorporating recent randomized data remains limited. We searched PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, and CENTRAL through June 2026 for randomized controlled trials and propensity-matched or adjusted observational studies comparing Myval/Myval Octacor with contemporary THVs in adults undergoing transfemoral TAVI for severe symptomatic AS. The primary outcome was 1-year all-cause mortality; secondary outcomes included cardiovascular death, stroke, new permanent pacemaker implantation (PPI), mean transvalvular gradient, effective orifice area, and moderate-to-severe aortic regurgitation. Random-effects meta-analyses generated pooled risk ratios (RRs) and mean differences with 95% confidence intervals. Five studies (2 randomized trials, 3 propensity-matched/adjusted cohorts; 2327 patients: 1107 Myval, 1220 contemporary THV recipients) were included. At 1 year, Myval showed comparable outcomes to contemporary THVs for all-cause mortality (RR 0.89, 0.66-1.21), cardiovascular death (RR 0.92, 0.55-1.55), and stroke (RR 1.41, 0.91-2.18), with similar new PPI rates (RR 0.82, 0.47-1.42). Among randomized trials, Myval had lower mean transvalvular gradients (MD -1.28 mm Hg, -1.73 to -0.82) and larger effective orifice area (mean difference +0.15 cm2, 0.09-0.20) than SAPIEN, with no significant difference in moderate-to-severe aortic regurgitation (RR 1.28, 0.19-8.71). Myval demonstrated comparable all-cause mortality, cardiovascular death, stroke, and PPI rates to contemporary THVs at 1 year, along with favorable hemodynamics versus SAPIEN, supporting Myval as an effective contemporary TAVI platform; longer-term studies are needed to confirm durability and clinical outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":9549,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology in Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148863609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence in Arrhythmias and Electrophysiology.","authors":"Muhammad Umer Riaz Gondal, Hassan Atta Mehdi, Raja Ram Khenhrani, Neha Kumari, Muhammad Faizan Ali, Sooraj Kumar, Maria Faraz, Jahanzeb Malik","doi":"10.1097/CRD.0000000000000715","DOIUrl":"10.1097/CRD.0000000000000715","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Machine learning (ML), a subset of artificial intelligence (AI) centered on machines learning from extensive datasets, stands at the forefront of a technological revolution shaping various facets of society. Cardiovascular medicine has emerged as a key domain for ML applications, with considerable efforts to integrate these innovations into routine clinical practice. Within cardiac electrophysiology, ML applications, especially in the automated interpretation of electrocardiograms, have garnered substantial attention in existing literature. However, less recognized are the diverse applications of ML in cardiac electrophysiology and arrhythmias, spanning basic science research on arrhythmia mechanisms, both experimental and computational, as well as contributions to enhanced techniques for mapping cardiac electrical function and translational research related to arrhythmia management. This comprehensive review delves into various ML applications within the scope of this journal, organized into 3 parts. The first section provides a fundamental understanding of general ML principles and methodologies, serving as a foundational resource for readers interested in exploring ML applications in arrhythmia research. The second part offers an in-depth review of studies in arrhythmia and electrophysiology that leverage ML methodologies, showcasing the broad potential of ML approaches. Each subject is thoroughly outlined, accompanied by a review of notable ML research advancements. Finally, the review delves into the primary challenges and future perspectives surrounding ML-driven cardiac electrophysiology and arrhythmias research.</p>","PeriodicalId":9549,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology in Review","volume":" ","pages":"385-396"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140956578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Supersaturated Oxygen Therapy for Wound Healing: A Comprehensive Review.","authors":"Saumya Tawakley, Malathi Kalluri, Uttam Kalluri, William H Frishman","doi":"10.1097/CRD.0000000000001454","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/CRD.0000000000001454","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chronic wounds are a major source of patient morbidity and healthcare expenditure, with impaired tissue oxygenation recognized as a notable obstacle to successful repair. Supersaturated oxygen (SSO2) therapies have gained increasing traction as adjunctive treatments to improve the local wound environment and support the healing process. This review examines the current research and applications of SSO2 therapy in wound healing, including its proposed biological effects, methods of administration, clinical outcomes, and safety considerations. Current research suggests that oxygen-enriched therapies may support tissue regeneration through multiple mechanisms, including the promotion of vascularization, support of extracellular matrix formation, optimization of cellular energy production, and modulation of host inflammatory and antimicrobial processes. Clinical studies have also reported improved outcomes in chronic wounds, particularly diabetic foot ulcers, with additional positive findings in venous leg ulcers, pressure ulcers, and select postoperative wounds. Although limitations remain regarding ideal patient selection and long-term financial impacts, current data support SSO2 therapy as a promising adjunctive therapy within comprehensive wound management.</p>","PeriodicalId":9549,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology in Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148863577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dronedarone Versus Amiodarone for Preventing Atrial Fibrillation Recurrence After Catheter Ablation: A GRADE-Assessed Meta-Analysis of Reconstructed Time-to-Event Data With Trial Sequential Analysis.","authors":"Ahmed Emara, Ahmed Mansour, Belal Mohamed Hamed, Ahmed Elbataa, Ahmed Adel Abdel Azim, Mohamed Hamouda Elkasaby, Ameer Awashra, Abdalhakim Shubietah, Ali Bin Abdul Jabbar, Anan Abu Rmilah, Giuseppe Andò, Islam Y Elgendy, William H Frishman, Wilbert S Aronow","doi":"10.1097/CRD.0000000000001452","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/CRD.0000000000001452","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Atrial fibrillation (AF) recurrence remains a major challenge after catheter ablation, and whether dronedarone or amiodarone should be preferred during the post-ablation blanking period is unresolved. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis comparing these 2 agents after AF catheter ablation. Five single-center Chinese studies (1 open-label randomized trial and 4 retrospective cohorts) enrolling 996 patients (507 dronedarone and 489 amiodarone) were included. In reconstructed individual patient data from 4 studies, AF recurrence did not differ between dronedarone and amiodarone (hazard ratio [HR] 1.06; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.75-1.50; P = 0.746), confirmed by a 30-day landmark analysis (HR 1.08; 95% CI, 0.75-1.56; P = 0.690), by study-level pooling of HRs (HR 1.06; 95% CI, 0.74-1.52; I2 = 0%), and by restricted mean survival time analysis. Recurrence also did not differ during the blanking period (risk ratio [RR] 1.09; 95% CI, 0.85-1.40) or over long-term follow-up (RR 1.17; 95% CI, 0.89-1.55). Dronedarone was associated with lower risks of QTc-interval prolongation (RR 0.39; 95% CI, 0.19-0.80) and thyroid dysfunction (RR 0.37; 95% CI, 0.24-0.57) but higher risks of gastrointestinal (RR 7.72; 95% CI, 2.10-28.37) and dermatologic (RR 4.20; 95% CI, 1.06-16.53) adverse events. Dronedarone and amiodarone appear equally effective at preventing AF recurrence after catheter ablation but differ in safety, so selection should be individualized according to patient-specific tolerability and toxicity risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":9549,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology in Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148873014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cardiorenal Syndrome in Cardiogenic Shock: Contemporary Pathophysiology, Hemodynamic Principles, and Emerging Therapeutic Strategies.","authors":"Chirag Mehta, Zola Wilkerson, Sarah Bhanushali, Jaydev Dave, Sunit Chhetri, Heena Asnani, Hall Zhang, Victoria Maksymiuk, Bahaa Salama, William H Frishman, Wilbert S Aronow","doi":"10.1097/CRD.0000000000001455","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/CRD.0000000000001455","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cardiorenal syndrome (CRS) represents a complex bidirectional interaction between the heart and kidneys whereby acute or chronic failure of one organ precipitates dysfunction in the other. CRS occurring in the setting of cardiogenic shock (CS), or CRS-CS, remains one of the most severe manifestations, contributing substantially to morbidity and mortality. Historically, CRS-CS was attributed to renal hypoperfusion from reduced cardiac output. Contemporary evidence suggests that venous congestion and right ventricular dysfunction play equally important roles in the development of acute kidney injury and resultant CRS-CS. Advanced hemodynamic monitoring has further refined our understanding of this dynamic interplay. This review discusses the epidemiology, pathophysiology, hemodynamic determinants, diagnosis, and contemporary management of CRS-CS, emphasizing the importance of forward flow, venous congestion, and right ventricular performance when evaluating renal dysfunction.</p>","PeriodicalId":9549,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology in Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148863582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Cardiovascular Risk: Mechanisms, Clinical Evidence, and Prevention Strategies.","authors":"Madeline Moore, Rahim Hirani, Samy Khessib, Amala P Chirumamilla, William H Frishman, Mill Etienne","doi":"10.1097/CRD.0000000000001453","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/CRD.0000000000001453","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) affects an estimated 11-13% of reproductive-age women worldwide and is increasingly recognized as a condition with significant cardiometabolic abnormalities, beyond its reproductive manifestations. This focused narrative review synthesizes contemporary evidence on the mechanistic, subclinical, and clinical links between PCOS and cardiovascular disease. We examine how hyperandrogenism may contribute to insulin resistance and related abnormalities, including dyslipidemia, hypertension, metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease, and endothelial dysfunction, which collectively may increase atherosclerotic risk. Chronic low-grade inflammation and sympathetic overactivation are identified as additional, body mass index-independent amplifiers of this risk. Subclinical markers of vascular dysfunction, including increased carotid intima-media thickness, elevated coronary artery calcium, and elevated biomarkers such as asymmetric dimethylarginine and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, are consistently elevated in women with PCOS relative to controls. A 2024 meta-analysis of over 300,000 women with PCOS demonstrates pooled odds ratios of 2.50 for myocardial infarction and 1.71 for stroke. Importantly, cardiovascular risk is not limited to women with elevated body mass index; lean women with PCOS carry a substantial and underappreciated metabolic burden. Current risk stratification tools inadequately account for PCOS, and cardiology guidelines have not yet formally designated PCOS as an atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk-enhancing condition. We review guideline-based cardiovascular risk assessment and interventions that improve cardiometabolic risk factors, including lifestyle modification, metformin, statins, and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists. Lastly, we identify priority areas for future research in this underserved population.</p>","PeriodicalId":9549,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology in Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148863612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}