Cardiology in Review最新文献_第2页

Potential Therapeutic Benefits of Glucagon-Like-Peptide-1 Agonists and Atrial Fibrillation. 胰高血糖素样肽-1激动剂和房颤的潜在治疗益处。

IF 2 4区医学

Cardiology in Review Pub Date : 2025-07-18 DOI: 10.1097/CRD.0000000000001003

Hall Zhang, Victoria Maksymiuk, William H Frishman, Wilbert S Aronow

引用次数: 0

Apolipoprotein A-I Infusions in Coronary Artery Disease: A Systematic Review. 载脂蛋白A- i输注在冠状动脉疾病中的应用：系统综述。

IF 2 4区医学

Cardiology in Review Pub Date : 2025-07-17 DOI: 10.1097/CRD.0000000000001002

Rimsha Ahmad, Syed Sadam Hussain, Saifullah Khan, Mahnoor Niaz, Mahesh Kumar, William Frishman, Wilbert S Aronow

引用次数: 0

Orally Inhaled Flecainide for Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation: Emerging Evidence and Therapeutic Potential in Cardioversion to Sinus Rhythm. 口服吸入氟氯胺治疗阵发性心房颤动：新证据和窦性心律转复的治疗潜力。

IF 2 4区医学

Cardiology in Review Pub Date : 2025-07-17 DOI: 10.1097/CRD.0000000000001000

Hadrian Hoang-Vu Tran, Audrey Thu, Anu Radha Twayana, Axel Fuertes, Marco Gonzalez, Marina Basta, Maggie James, Krutagni Adwait Mehta, William H Frishman, Wilbert S Aronow

{"title":"Orally Inhaled Flecainide for Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation: Emerging Evidence and Therapeutic Potential in Cardioversion to Sinus Rhythm.","authors":"Hadrian Hoang-Vu Tran, Audrey Thu, Anu Radha Twayana, Axel Fuertes, Marco Gonzalez, Marina Basta, Maggie James, Krutagni Adwait Mehta, William H Frishman, Wilbert S Aronow","doi":"10.1097/CRD.0000000000001000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/CRD.0000000000001000","url":null,"abstract":"Atrial fibrillation (AF) remains the most common sustained arrhythmia, with a growing need for rapid, effective, and patient-centered rhythm control strategies. Inhaled flecainide, a novel formulation of a well-established class individual consideration antiarrhythmic, offers an innovative approach by utilizing the pulmonary route to achieve rapid systemic absorption and therapeutic onset. This review examines the clinical efficacy, safety, and practical implications of inhaled flecainide for the treatment of recent-onset paroxysmal AF. Data from the RESTORE-1 trial and related studies suggest that inhaled flecainide enables conversion to sinus rhythm within 30 minutes at reduced dosages, with fewer systemic side effects compared to intravenous therapies. The most commonly reported adverse events-cough and oropharyngeal discomfort-were transient and nonserious. Despite promising early results, challenges such as delivery device variability, long-term pulmonary safety, and regulatory hurdles remain. Advances in nebulizer technology and drug formulation, including 2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin complexes, aim to improve dosing consistency and therapeutic outcomes. Larger, controlled trials are needed to confirm efficacy, define optimal dosing, and support broader clinical adoption. Inhaled flecainide holds strong potential for use in both clinical and outpatient settings, offering a faster, safer, and more accessible alternative for rhythm control in AF.","PeriodicalId":9549,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology in Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144648671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Coronary Sinus Reducer in Refractory Angina: A Targeted Approach to Microvascular Ischemia and Symptom Relief. 冠状窦减速器治疗难治性心绞痛：微血管缺血和症状缓解的靶向方法。

IF 2 4区医学

Cardiology in Review Pub Date : 2025-07-17 DOI: 10.1097/CRD.0000000000001001

Hadrian Hoang-Vu Tran, Audrey Thu, Anu Radha Twayana, Axel Fuertes, Marco Gonzalez, Marina Basta, Maggie James, Krutagni Adwait Mehta, William H Frishman, Wilbert S Aronow

{"title":"Coronary Sinus Reducer in Refractory Angina: A Targeted Approach to Microvascular Ischemia and Symptom Relief.","authors":"Hadrian Hoang-Vu Tran, Audrey Thu, Anu Radha Twayana, Axel Fuertes, Marco Gonzalez, Marina Basta, Maggie James, Krutagni Adwait Mehta, William H Frishman, Wilbert S Aronow","doi":"10.1097/CRD.0000000000001001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/CRD.0000000000001001","url":null,"abstract":"Refractory angina remains a therapeutic challenge in patients with advanced coronary artery disease who are not amenable to further revascularization and remain symptomatic despite optimal medical therapy. The coronary sinus reducer (CSR) is a novel, device-based therapy that aims to alleviate angina by increasing coronary sinus pressure and redistributing blood flow toward ischemic myocardial territories, particularly in the subendocardial region. This article reviews current evidence on the comparative effectiveness of CSR relative to established pharmacologic and interventional therapies, with a focus on its potential role in patients with microvascular versus macrovascular ischemia. Data from randomized trials and real-world registries demonstrate significant symptomatic improvement and favorable safety outcomes in the majority of CSR-treated patients, though nonresponder rates remain between 15% and 30%. Emerging evidence suggests CSR may be particularly effective in patients with microvascular dysfunction, such as those with angina and no obstructive coronary artery disease. However, long-term efficacy, ideal patient selection criteria, and mechanistic underpinnings remain areas of ongoing investigation. Current and upcoming trials such as COSIRA-II (CSR for Treatment of RA) and REMEDY-PILOT (Reducing microvascular dysfunction in patients with angina, ischaemia, and unobstructed coronary arteries- a pilot study) aim to address these uncertainties. CSR represents a promising addition to the therapeutic landscape for refractory angina, particularly in complex or no-option cases, pending further clinical validation.","PeriodicalId":9549,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology in Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144648670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Significance of Premature Atrial Contractions in the Normal Heart. 正常心脏心房过早收缩的意义。

IF 2 4区医学

Cardiology in Review Pub Date : 2025-07-11 DOI: 10.1097/CRD.0000000000000986

Amit Raizada, Manish A Parikh, William H Frishman, Stephen J Peterson

引用次数: 0

Hypercholesterolemia of Cholestasis. 胆汁淤积症的高胆固醇血症。

IF 2 4区医学

Cardiology in Review Pub Date : 2025-07-11 DOI: 10.1097/CRD.0000000000000994

Maxwell Charlat, Elona Poltiyelova, Jesse Silverman, Aaron Lit, William H Frishman, Edward Lebovics

{"title":"Hypercholesterolemia of Cholestasis.","authors":"Maxwell Charlat, Elona Poltiyelova, Jesse Silverman, Aaron Lit, William H Frishman, Edward Lebovics","doi":"10.1097/CRD.0000000000000994","DOIUrl":"10.1097/CRD.0000000000000994","url":null,"abstract":"Cholesterol is a lipid of widespread physiologic and pathologic importance, whose homeostasis is tightly regulated through multiple mechanisms, including transport via low-density lipoprotein. Elevated serum low-density lipoprotein strongly correlates with the development of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Cholestatic liver diseases, such as primary biliary cholangitis (PBC), are associated with impaired cholesterol homeostasis. The pathophysiology of hypercholesterolemia of PBC involves defective hepatocyte cholesterol clearance, downregulation of bile synthesis, and increased cholesterogenesis. Lipoprotein X is a highly specific biomarker for cholestasis and, in rare cases, contributes to serum total cholesterol levels >1000 mg/dL. The extent of hypercholesterolemia in PBC is associated with worse liver-related outcomes; nevertheless, patients with PBC do not have increased risk for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Cardiovascular risk stratification of patients with PBC is most accurately achieved by direct measurement of apolipoprotein B, the protein component of pro-atherosclerotic lipoproteins involved in cholesterol transport. First and second line therapies for the treatment of hypercholesterolemia in cholestatic liver disease are statins and proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 inhibitors, respectively. Apolipoprotein B level should be rechecked periodically to measure therapeutic response.","PeriodicalId":9549,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology in Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144607445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Efficacy and Safety of Mechanical Thrombectomy in Acute Ischemic Stroke Secondary to Infective Endocarditis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. 机械取栓治疗感染性心内膜炎继发急性缺血性卒中的疗效和安全性：一项系统综述和荟萃分析。

IF 2 4区医学

Cardiology in Review Pub Date : 2025-07-10 DOI: 10.1097/CRD.0000000000000996

Sangharsha Thapa, Sangam Shah, Madhur Bhattarai, Sajjad Ahmed Khan, Rachana Mehta, Sanjit Sah, Laxman Wagle, Swati Chand, Fawaz-Al Mufti, William H Frishman, Wilbert S Aronow

{"title":"Efficacy and Safety of Mechanical Thrombectomy in Acute Ischemic Stroke Secondary to Infective Endocarditis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Sangharsha Thapa, Sangam Shah, Madhur Bhattarai, Sajjad Ahmed Khan, Rachana Mehta, Sanjit Sah, Laxman Wagle, Swati Chand, Fawaz-Al Mufti, William H Frishman, Wilbert S Aronow","doi":"10.1097/CRD.0000000000000996","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/CRD.0000000000000996","url":null,"abstract":"Acute ischemic stroke caused by infective endocarditis (IE) represents a critical and complex clinical scenario, often resulting from septic emboli leading to large vessel occlusion. While mechanical thrombectomy (MT) has become standard therapy for acute ischemic stroke in the general population, its role in the context of IE remains controversial due to heightened concerns regarding hemorrhagic transformation and procedural safety. To better understand the outcomes of MT in this high-risk population, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis comparing MT in patients with IE-related stroke to those with non-IE stroke etiologies. Three studies comprising a total of 132 patients with IE-related stroke and 381 patients with non-IE stroke were analyzed. Our results demonstrate that patients with IE-related stroke undergoing MT had significantly lower odds of successful recanalization and favorable functional outcomes, and a markedly higher risk of all-cause mortality. Specifically, successful recanalization was achieved less frequently [odds ratio (OR), 0.50; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.29-0.84], and the rate of favorable outcomes (modified Rankin Scale 0-2) was lower (risk ratio, 0.63; 95% CI, 0.40-0.99). Mortality was significantly increased in the IE group (OR, 2.09; 95% CI, 1.11-3.92). These findings suggest that while MT may still offer a potential benefit in select cases, its overall outcomes in IE-related stroke are less favorable compared with other stroke etiologies. Caution is warranted when considering MT in this setting, and further prospective studies are needed to guide clinical decision-making.","PeriodicalId":9549,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology in Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144599529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Landiolol (Rapiblyk), A Newly Approved, Ultra-Short Acting Intravenous β1-Adrenoreceptor Blocker for the Treatment of Supraventricular Arrhythmias. Landiolol (Rapiblyk)，一种新批准的超短效静脉注射β1-肾上腺素受体阻滞剂，用于治疗室上性心律失常。

IF 2 4区医学

Cardiology in Review Pub Date : 2025-07-09 DOI: 10.1097/CRD.0000000000000995

William H Frishman, Joshua Amir, Rebekah Rosman

{"title":"Landiolol (Rapiblyk), A Newly Approved, Ultra-Short Acting Intravenous β1-Adrenoreceptor Blocker for the Treatment of Supraventricular Arrhythmias.","authors":"William H Frishman, Joshua Amir, Rebekah Rosman","doi":"10.1097/CRD.0000000000000995","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/CRD.0000000000000995","url":null,"abstract":"In 2025, the Food and Drug Administration approved landiolol (Rapiblyk), an intravenous β1-adrenoreceptor blocker for the rapid and short-term reduction of the ventricular rate in adult patients with supraventricular tachycardia, which includes those patients with atrial fibrillation and flutter. Other intravenous β-blockers approved for the same indication include esmolol (Brevibloc) and generics, and propranolol generics. Intravenous metoprolol (generic) is used off-label. Other rate-reducing treatments include intravenous nondihydropyridine calcium channel blockers such as diltiazem and verapamil. Etripamil is also being evaluated as a parenteral intranasal formulation for arrhythmia management. The clinical effectiveness, pharmacokinetic properties, and side effect profile of landiolol are reviewed in this article. At this juncture, the effectiveness of the drug in reducing the heart rate in patients with supraventricular arrhythmias, including atrial fibrillation and flutter, has been demonstrated to be as effective as generic β-blockers and calcium channel blockers.","PeriodicalId":9549,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology in Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144590544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Can Renal Denervation Augment Rhythm Control in Atrial Fibrillation? 肾去神经能增强心房颤动的心律控制吗？

IF 2 4区医学

Cardiology in Review Pub Date : 2025-07-07 DOI: 10.1097/CRD.0000000000000983

Azka Naeem, Vartika Singh, Mohammad Hamza, Shehroze Tabassum, Yousef Alsmairat, Abdul Rasheed Bahar, Sultana Jahan, Jawad Basit, Mohammad Hazique, Sivaram Neppala, Yasar Sattar, Kamala P Tamirisa, M Chadi Alraies

{"title":"Can Renal Denervation Augment Rhythm Control in Atrial Fibrillation?","authors":"Azka Naeem, Vartika Singh, Mohammad Hamza, Shehroze Tabassum, Yousef Alsmairat, Abdul Rasheed Bahar, Sultana Jahan, Jawad Basit, Mohammad Hazique, Sivaram Neppala, Yasar Sattar, Kamala P Tamirisa, M Chadi Alraies","doi":"10.1097/CRD.0000000000000983","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/CRD.0000000000000983","url":null,"abstract":"Despite its efficacy, pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) is limited by suboptimal long-term outcomes. This meta-analysis evaluates renal denervation (RDN) combined with PVI on eliminating atrial fibrillation (AF) and reducing disease burden. A systematic search of MEDLINE, Embase, and Clinicaltrials.gov identified 8 randomized controlled trials comparing RDN + PVI vs PVI alone in AF. Primary outcomes included AF recurrence, freedom from AF, and antiarrhythmic discontinuation. Data analysis was performed using Comprehensive R Archive Network software to calculate pooled effect sizes. A meta-bin module and the Mantel-Haenszel random-effects model were used to compute the pooled relative risk (RR). There was no statistically significant difference in AF recurrence between the 2 groups (RR, 0.75, 95%; P = 0.1212). Discontinuation of antiarrhythmics (RR, 1.85, 95%; P = 0.0864) and freedom from AF (RR, 1.25, 95%; P = 0.2235) did not show a statistically significant difference. However, there was a significant reduction in arrhythmia burden (standard mean difference, -1.17, 95%; P = 0.0271), major adverse cardiac events (RR, 0.33, 95%; P = 0.0029), and left atrial diameter (standard mean difference, -3.22, 95%; P = 0.0372) in the RDN + PVI group. There were no statistically significant differences in all-cause mortality, change in left ventricular ejection fraction, reinitiation of antiarrhythmics, risk of bleeding, stroke, or access site complications between the 2 cohorts. RDN plus PVI did not show a significant advantage in reducing AF recurrence, achieving freedom from AF, facilitating discontinuation of antiarrhythmics, or lowering all-cause mortality. However, it was associated with a significant reduction in arrhythmia burden, major adverse cardiac events, and left atrial diameter.","PeriodicalId":9549,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology in Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144574884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evolving Trends and Health Disparities in Peripheral Artery Disease in the United States (1999-2024). 美国外周动脉疾病的发展趋势和健康差异（1999-2024）。

IF 2 4区医学

Cardiology in Review Pub Date : 2025-07-07 DOI: 10.1097/CRD.0000000000000992

Abdullah Naveed Muhammad, Sivaram Neppala, Muhammad Omer Rehan, Ahila Ali, Hamza Naveed, Rabia Iqbal, Bazil Azeem, Rahul Chikatimalla, Sowjanya Kapaganti, Mushood Ahmed, Hamza Shuja, Himaja Dutt Chigurupati, Yasir Sattar, Jamal S Rana

{"title":"Evolving Trends and Health Disparities in Peripheral Artery Disease in the United States (1999-2024).","authors":"Abdullah Naveed Muhammad, Sivaram Neppala, Muhammad Omer Rehan, Ahila Ali, Hamza Naveed, Rabia Iqbal, Bazil Azeem, Rahul Chikatimalla, Sowjanya Kapaganti, Mushood Ahmed, Hamza Shuja, Himaja Dutt Chigurupati, Yasir Sattar, Jamal S Rana","doi":"10.1097/CRD.0000000000000992","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/CRD.0000000000000992","url":null,"abstract":"Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is a common progressive atherosclerotic condition that significantly affects morbidity and mortality in the United States. However, data on PAD-related mortality trends are limited. This study investigates contemporary mortality trends across various sociodemographic and regional factor groups. CDC-WONDER (1999-2024) data were analyzed to assess PAD-related mortality in patients aged ≥25. Using the Joinpoint regression analysis, we calculated age-adjusted mortality rates (AAMR) per 100,000 patients and average annual percentage changes (AAPCs) to analyze the mortality trends. PAD accounted for 793,773 deaths between 1999 and 2024. The AAMRs decreased from 18.0 in 1999 to 13.0 in 2024 (AAPC: -1.37). The most significant decline occurred from 1999 to 2010 [annual percent change (APC): -3.46] and 2021 to 2024 (APC: -3.96). However, there was a concerning rise from 2018 to 2021 (APC: 5.42), possibly due to the pandemic, all with P < 0.01. Disparities are evident, as men have higher AAMRs than women (16.8 vs. 11.4), and non-Hispanic (NH) Black individuals are at the highest risk (AAMR: 28.8), followed by NH Whites (AAMR: 13.6). Regionally, West Virginia reports the highest AAMR at 18.5, in contrast to Utah's lowest rate of 7.1. Moreover, rural areas exhibited higher AAMRs than urban settings (15.2 vs. 13.2). In the United States, mortality trends among patients with PAD have significantly declined; however, from 2018 to 2021, these trends experienced a reversal, likely influenced by the COVID-19 pandemic. Enhancing healthcare access and implementing targeted interventions can mitigate these disparities and improve patient outcomes.","PeriodicalId":9549,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology in Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144574885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0