Cardiology in Review最新文献

{"title":"Landiolol (Rapiblyk), A Newly Approved, Ultra-Short Acting Intravenous β1-Adrenoreceptor Blocker for the Treatment of Supraventricular Arrhythmias.","authors":"William H Frishman, Joshua Amir, Rebekah Rosman","doi":"10.1097/CRD.0000000000000995","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/CRD.0000000000000995","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In 2025, the Food and Drug Administration approved landiolol (Rapiblyk), an intravenous β1-adrenoreceptor blocker for the rapid and short-term reduction of the ventricular rate in adult patients with supraventricular tachycardia, which includes those patients with atrial fibrillation and flutter. Other intravenous β-blockers approved for the same indication include esmolol (Brevibloc) and generics, and propranolol generics. Intravenous metoprolol (generic) is used off-label. Other rate-reducing treatments include intravenous nondihydropyridine calcium channel blockers such as diltiazem and verapamil. Etripamil is also being evaluated as a parenteral intranasal formulation for arrhythmia management. The clinical effectiveness, pharmacokinetic properties, and side effect profile of landiolol are reviewed in this article. At this juncture, the effectiveness of the drug in reducing the heart rate in patients with supraventricular arrhythmias, including atrial fibrillation and flutter, has been demonstrated to be as effective as generic β-blockers and calcium channel blockers.</p>","PeriodicalId":9549,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology in Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144590544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can Renal Denervation Augment Rhythm Control in Atrial Fibrillation?","authors":"Azka Naeem, Vartika Singh, Mohammad Hamza, Shehroze Tabassum, Yousef Alsmairat, Abdul Rasheed Bahar, Sultana Jahan, Jawad Basit, Mohammad Hazique, Sivaram Neppala, Yasar Sattar, Kamala P Tamirisa, M Chadi Alraies","doi":"10.1097/CRD.0000000000000983","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/CRD.0000000000000983","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Despite its efficacy, pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) is limited by suboptimal long-term outcomes. This meta-analysis evaluates renal denervation (RDN) combined with PVI on eliminating atrial fibrillation (AF) and reducing disease burden. A systematic search of MEDLINE, Embase, and Clinicaltrials.gov identified 8 randomized controlled trials comparing RDN + PVI vs PVI alone in AF. Primary outcomes included AF recurrence, freedom from AF, and antiarrhythmic discontinuation. Data analysis was performed using Comprehensive R Archive Network software to calculate pooled effect sizes. A meta-bin module and the Mantel-Haenszel random-effects model were used to compute the pooled relative risk (RR). There was no statistically significant difference in AF recurrence between the 2 groups (RR, 0.75, 95%; P = 0.1212). Discontinuation of antiarrhythmics (RR, 1.85, 95%; P = 0.0864) and freedom from AF (RR, 1.25, 95%; P = 0.2235) did not show a statistically significant difference. However, there was a significant reduction in arrhythmia burden (standard mean difference, -1.17, 95%; P = 0.0271), major adverse cardiac events (RR, 0.33, 95%; P = 0.0029), and left atrial diameter (standard mean difference, -3.22, 95%; P = 0.0372) in the RDN + PVI group. There were no statistically significant differences in all-cause mortality, change in left ventricular ejection fraction, reinitiation of antiarrhythmics, risk of bleeding, stroke, or access site complications between the 2 cohorts. RDN plus PVI did not show a significant advantage in reducing AF recurrence, achieving freedom from AF, facilitating discontinuation of antiarrhythmics, or lowering all-cause mortality. However, it was associated with a significant reduction in arrhythmia burden, major adverse cardiac events, and left atrial diameter.</p>","PeriodicalId":9549,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology in Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144574884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evolving Trends and Health Disparities in Peripheral Artery Disease in the United States (1999-2024).","authors":"Abdullah Naveed Muhammad, Sivaram Neppala, Muhammad Omer Rehan, Ahila Ali, Hamza Naveed, Rabia Iqbal, Bazil Azeem, Rahul Chikatimalla, Sowjanya Kapaganti, Mushood Ahmed, Hamza Shuja, Himaja Dutt Chigurupati, Yasir Sattar, Jamal S Rana","doi":"10.1097/CRD.0000000000000992","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/CRD.0000000000000992","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is a common progressive atherosclerotic condition that significantly affects morbidity and mortality in the United States. However, data on PAD-related mortality trends are limited. This study investigates contemporary mortality trends across various sociodemographic and regional factor groups. CDC-WONDER (1999-2024) data were analyzed to assess PAD-related mortality in patients aged ≥25. Using the Joinpoint regression analysis, we calculated age-adjusted mortality rates (AAMR) per 100,000 patients and average annual percentage changes (AAPCs) to analyze the mortality trends. PAD accounted for 793,773 deaths between 1999 and 2024. The AAMRs decreased from 18.0 in 1999 to 13.0 in 2024 (AAPC: -1.37). The most significant decline occurred from 1999 to 2010 [annual percent change (APC): -3.46] and 2021 to 2024 (APC: -3.96). However, there was a concerning rise from 2018 to 2021 (APC: 5.42), possibly due to the pandemic, all with P < 0.01. Disparities are evident, as men have higher AAMRs than women (16.8 vs. 11.4), and non-Hispanic (NH) Black individuals are at the highest risk (AAMR: 28.8), followed by NH Whites (AAMR: 13.6). Regionally, West Virginia reports the highest AAMR at 18.5, in contrast to Utah's lowest rate of 7.1. Moreover, rural areas exhibited higher AAMRs than urban settings (15.2 vs. 13.2). In the United States, mortality trends among patients with PAD have significantly declined; however, from 2018 to 2021, these trends experienced a reversal, likely influenced by the COVID-19 pandemic. Enhancing healthcare access and implementing targeted interventions can mitigate these disparities and improve patient outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":9549,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology in Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144574885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Visceral Adiposity and Cardiometabolic Risk: Clinical Insights and Assessment.","authors":"Sahana Shetty, Renuka Suvarna, Saptarshi Bhattacharya, Kavita Seetharaman","doi":"10.1097/CRD.0000000000000984","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/CRD.0000000000000984","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>With obesity assuming pandemic proportion, cardiometabolic diseases are also increasing across the globe. Obesity defined as excess and dysfunctional adipose tissue that is detrimental to health, is very heterogeneous with many subtypes based on the distribution of body fat. These subtypes vary in their risk of cardiometabolic diseases. The adipose tissue comprises of visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and subcutaneous adipose tissue, which differ not only in their anatomical location but also in their cellular composition, molecular structure, physiological function, and pathological consequences. VAT is a metabolically active component with several physiological functions and pathophysiological links to cardiometabolic diseases. VAT has unique adipocytes with various paracrine and endocrine functions. It not only stores lipids but also contributes significantly to energy homeostasis. Sexual dimorphism in relation to VAT and cardiometabolic health has been described. VAT is metabolically active, with higher insulin resistance and increased sensitivity to lipolysis. Excess accumulation of VAT termed visceral obesity, leads to the secretion of adipocytokines, ectopic fat storage, and an alteration in the immune landscape of the VAT, resulting in the clustering of the cardiometabolic risk factors. Visceral obesity is correlated with cardiometabolic diseases and higher mortality. Many epidemiological studies have shown the link between visceral adiposity and cardiometabolic diseases such as diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, cerebrovascular disease, heart failure, and unexpected cardiac death. Obesity phenotypes describing body composition and adipose density distribution are better at defining the cardiometabolic risk profile. Several imaging modalities with advancements in technology, such as dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, computed tomography, MRI, and Bioimpedance, have explored the link between visceral fat and cardiometabolic risk. Calorie restriction, structured exercise, pharmacotherapy, and metabolic surgeries have shown beneficial effects in reducing VAT. Preferential VAT loss has been shown to have a favorable effect on cardiometabolic diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":9549,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology in Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144574887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Publication Race: The Battle for Residency in a Competitive Landscape.","authors":"Fawaz Al-Mufti, Hazem S Ghaith, Ariel Sacknovitz, Mohammed Bassam Nawaiseh, Mohamed Elfil, Hamed Zarei, Zaid R Najdawi, Abdulrahman Al-Bazaz, Eris Spirollari, Ankita Jain, Stephan A Mayer, Chirag D Gandhi","doi":"10.1097/CRD.0000000000000978","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/CRD.0000000000000978","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Research plays a significant role in the residency match, particularly after the United States Medical Licensing Examination Step 1 changed from a score-based exam to pass/fail scoring. This study shows the impact of research on the match between 2009 and 2024, categorized by specialties and residency competitiveness. Residency specialties were categorized according to competitiveness (high, medium, and low), according to the Association of American Medical Colleges. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, paired-samples t-test, two-way repeated measures analysis of variance, and post hoc pairwise comparisons with Bonferroni correction to examine differences in research experiences and outputs across specialties. The total number of US senior applicants increased from 14,697 in 2009 to 18,801 in 2024, with US-matched applicants rising from 13,453 to 16,891. The overall match rate did not significantly change. Research experiences and outputs significantly increased, with the mean number of research experiences rising 180% (2.44-4.38; P < 0.001) and publications 365% (3.82-13.98; P < 0.001). Analysis of variance showed that highly competitive specialties had the largest increases in both research experiences, 195% (3.03-5.92; P < 0.001) and publications, 405% (5.46-22.14; P < 0.001). Our study showed that research has become increasingly essential to the match, particularly in highly competitive specialties. Our findings illustrate the key priorities in residency applications and demonstrate the expanding importance of research within the match.</p>","PeriodicalId":9549,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology in Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144574886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pompe Disease: Current State and Future Treatments.","authors":"Margot Richards, William H Frishman","doi":"10.1097/CRD.0000000000000980","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/CRD.0000000000000980","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pompe disease is an autosomal recessive genetic disease caused by a mutation in the acid α-glucosidase (GAA) gene, which results in dysfunction of the GAA and a buildup of glycogen in lysosomes. Recently, new research has found additional causes of the disease pathology, such as the role of autophagy. Currently, the standard of care is enzyme replacement therapy (ERT). ERT has been proven to increase survival in Pompe disease as well as improve pulmonary and motor tests compared to no treatment. However, some patients do not see improvement from these treatments, and the life expectancy and quality of life of patients with Pompe disease remain low. New research focuses on gene therapy with an adeno-associated virus-mediated α-glucosidase vector (rAAV1-hGAA or rAAV1-CMV-hGAA). Gene therapy has the potential to provide longer-term treatment for patients with Pompe disease. Patients commonly experience side effects from the procedure such as pneumothorax, capnothorax, pericardial effusion, pleural effusion, lung contusion, etc. In phase I/II trials, the gene therapy has been found to be safe, result in sustained GAA levels, and have some improvements in pulmonary function. Many clinical trials are currently ongoing.</p>","PeriodicalId":9549,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology in Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144539081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of Conduction System Pacing in Heart Failure: Current Evidence and Future Directions.","authors":"Hadrian Hoang-Vu Tran, Audrey Thu, Anu Radha Twayana, Axel Fuertes, Marco Gonzalez, Marina Basta, Ashwini Mahadevaiah, Krutagni Adwait Mehta, Damien Islek, Maggie James, William H Frishman, Wilbert S Aronow","doi":"10.1097/CRD.0000000000000993","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/CRD.0000000000000993","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Conduction system pacing (CSP), including His bundle pacing and left bundle branch area pacing, offers a promising approach to treating heart failure (HF) with conduction system disease. This review examines the evidence supporting CSP as an alternative to traditional biventricular pacing in improving outcomes for HF patients. Studies were reviewed focusing on CSP's clinical efficacy in patients with left bundle branch block (LBBB) and those who are nonresponders to cardiac resynchronization therapy. Findings suggest that CSP enhances electrical and mechanical synchronization, improving left ventricular ejection fraction, reducing QRS duration, and leading to better clinical outcomes, including decreased HF-related hospitalizations and reduced all-cause mortality. Despite these benefits, technical challenges such as lead placement and device-related complications remain. The review concludes that CSP may offer significant advantages over conventional cardiac resynchronization therapy, particularly in patients with persistent conduction delays or myocardial scar. However, larger randomized controlled trials are needed to validate the long-term efficacy and safety of CSP across diverse patient populations. Future advancements in pacing technologies and personalized treatment strategies are expected to further refine CSP's role in HF management.</p>","PeriodicalId":9549,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology in Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144539082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating Outcomes of Pediatric Stroke due to Extracranial Arterial Dissection: A Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study of 11,000 Patients.","authors":"Ankita Jain, Helen Ng, Galadu Subah, Michael Fortunato, Eris Spirollari, Ariel Sacknovitz, Alis J Dicpinigaitis, Fawaz Al-Mufti, Rolla Nuoman","doi":"10.1097/CRD.0000000000000927","DOIUrl":"10.1097/CRD.0000000000000927","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Extracranial arterial dissection (EAD) involving the carotid and vertebral arteries poses a significant risk for acute ischemic stroke (AIS) in children and often presents challenges in diagnosis. The investigation of outcomes and interventions in pediatric AIS secondary to EAD remains significantly underexplored. This retrospective cohort study examines the clinical outcomes of pediatric patients experiencing EAD. The National Inpatient Sample was queried from 2015 to 2019 for pediatric patients aged 0-18 years with a primary diagnosis of AIS, using International Classification of Disease 10th Edition diagnostic codes. Demographic characteristics, comorbidities, acute stroke indices, inpatient complications, and interventions were compared. Outcome measures included length of stay, discharge disposition, and inpatient mortality. Of a total of 11,945 patients diagnosed with AIS, 285 (2.4%) had stroke secondary to EAD. Pediatric patients with EAD-AIS were less likely to have hypertension ( P = 0.007), pneumonia ( P = 0.033), acute kidney injury ( P = 0.024), tracheostomy ( P = 0.007), and mechanical ventilation ( P = 0.003), compared with pediatric patients with strokes due to other etiologies. These patients were also more likely to be adolescents (13-18 years old) and to undergo endovascular thrombectomy and extracranial carotid or vertebral artery stenting ( P < 0.001). In a cohort matched for demographics and severity, EAD-AIS patients had a shorter length of stay ( P < 0.001) and decreased likelihood of in-patient mortality ( P < 0.001), but no significant difference in the likelihood of routine discharge home ( P = 0.054). Identification of potential risk factors for EAD in pediatric patients may help physicians optimize care and prevention strategies for pediatric patients at risk for EAD.</p>","PeriodicalId":9549,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology in Review","volume":" ","pages":"302-305"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143967035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transthyretin Amyloid Cardiomyopathy: A Review of Approved Pharmacotherapies.","authors":"Mohammed Kallash, William H Frishman","doi":"10.1097/CRD.0000000000000985","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/CRD.0000000000000985","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Transthyretin (TTR) amyloidosis (ATTR) occurs due to misfolding and aggregation of TTR protein in numerous organs and tissues, resulting in various clinical presentations including cardiomyopathy and polyneuropathy. The pathophysiology of ATTR cardiomyopathy is characterized by TTR deposition in the interstitial space between cardiac myocytes, contributing to microvascular dysfunction and cardiac myocyte injury and necrosis. As the misfolded TTR protein accumulates in cardiac tissue, it results in impaired diastolic function, progressive ventricular wall thickening, and impaired longitudinal systolic function. Understanding the pathophysiology of ATTR cardiomyopathy has allowed for the development of pharmacotherapies that target the disease process, including the identification of a stabilizing TTR gene mutation, threonine119methionine (T119M), that confers resistance towards amyloidogenesis. In 2019, the Food and Drug Administration approved tafamidis for the treatment of ATTR cardiomyopathy due to its ability to stabilize the TTR tetramer and prevent dissociation into monomers that subsequently cause amyloidosis. In 2024, acoramidis was approved for ATTR cardiomyopathy as a novel TTR stabilizer structurally designed to mimic the stabilizing effects of the T119M mutation by binding selectively and with high affinity to TTR, preventing the dissociation of TTR tetramer into monomers and aggregation into amyloid fibrils. In 2025, vutrisiran, a small interfering ribonucleic acid that cleaves TTR messenger RNA and decreases the production of TTR protein, was approved for use in ATTR cardiomyopathy. In their clinical trials, these approved therapies demonstrated significant mortality and morbidity benefits in patients with ATTR cardiomyopathy, including a decrease in cardiovascular events, hospitalizations, and functional status.</p>","PeriodicalId":9549,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology in Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144539083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Direct Oral Anticoagulants: An Overview of Indications, Pharmacokinetics, Comorbidities, and Perioperative Management.","authors":"Errol Moras, Kruti Gandhi, Mohammad Khan, Adlyn Moras, James Choi, William H Frishman, Wilbert S Aronow","doi":"10.1097/CRD.0000000000000618","DOIUrl":"10.1097/CRD.0000000000000618","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) have catalyzed a significant paradigm shift in the landscape of anticoagulant therapy, emerging as pivotal agents for the prevention of stroke in atrial fibrillation and venous thromboembolism. Although the absolute advantages of DOACs over vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) may appear modest, clinical guidelines advocate for their preference across various indications, attributing this endorsement to their ease of administration and heightened safety. DOACs find application in preventing and treating diverse cardiovascular conditions. With the progressive expansion of DOAC utility, clinicians encounter intricate decisions concerning the selection of appropriate agents, determination of optimal treatment duration, and utilization within specialized patient subgroups. Extensive evidence has substantiated the noninferiority or superiority of DOACs compared with VKAs in both prophylaxis and treatment of thromboembolic events. Notably, routine monitoring to evaluate treatment efficacy is not mandated for DOACs; however, they exhibit interactions with co-administered drugs and exert influence on functional coagulation assessments. This review aims to synthesize existing literature, encompassing the delineation of appropriate clinical indications, tailored employment in patients with specific concurrent conditions, needs in monitoring parameters, seamless transitions during shifts between anticoagulant regimens, and a glimpse into forthcoming perspectives in this evolving field.</p>","PeriodicalId":9549,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology in Review","volume":" ","pages":"312-318"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41100724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}