Cardiology in Review最新文献

{"title":"Exploring the Intersection of Dementia and Myocardial Infarction: Vascular Perspectives.","authors":"Anjali Goyal, Adrianus Ekelmans, William Frishman","doi":"10.1097/CRD.0000000000000718","DOIUrl":"10.1097/CRD.0000000000000718","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Emerging evidence underscores the relationship between myocardial infarction and dementia, implicating a profound influence on patient health. The bidirectional relationship between myocardial infarction and dementia is highlighted by pathophysiological changes in vasculature function, lifestyle factors, and environmental influences. Our literature review aims to explore the complex relationship between these 2 pathologies and highlight the pathways by which they mutually influence each other.</p>","PeriodicalId":9549,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology in Review","volume":" ","pages":"503-507"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141075552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nanotechnology: The Future for Diagnostic and Therapeutic Intervention in Cardiovascular Diseases is Here.","authors":"Jude Elsaygh, Anas Zaher, Manish A Parikh, William H Frishman, Stephen J Peterson","doi":"10.1097/CRD.0000000000000727","DOIUrl":"10.1097/CRD.0000000000000727","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>With advances in technology and medicine over the last 3 decades, cardiovascular medicine has evolved tremendously. Nanotechnology provides a promising future in personalized precision medicine. In this review, we delve into the current and prospective applications of nanotechnology and nanoparticles in cardiology. Nanotechnology has allowed for point-of-care testing such as high-sensitivity troponins, as well as more precise cardiac imaging. This review is focused on 3 diseases within cardiology: coronary artery disease, heart failure, and valvular heart disease. The use of nanoparticles in coronary stents has shown success in preventing in-stent thrombosis, as well as using nanosized drug delivery medications to prevent neointimal proliferation in a way that spares systemic toxicity. In addition, by using nanoparticles as drug delivery systems, nanotechnology can be utilized in the delivery of goal-directed medical therapy in heart failure patients. It has also been shown to improve cell therapy in this patient population by helping in cell retention of grafts. Finally, the use of nanoparticles in the manufacturing of bioprosthetic valves provides a promising future for the longevity and success of cardiac valve repair and replacement.</p>","PeriodicalId":9549,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology in Review","volume":" ","pages":"515-522"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13629646/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141174879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cardiovascular Disease and Dementia: Exploring Intersections, Risks, and Therapeutic Challenges.","authors":"Lillian Huang, Juliet Meir, William H Frishman, Wilbert S Aronow","doi":"10.1097/CRD.0000000000000730","DOIUrl":"10.1097/CRD.0000000000000730","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This review examines the complex bidirectional relationship between cardiovascular disease and various dementia subtypes, including Alzheimer's disease, vascular dementia, Lewy body dementia, and frontotemporal dementia. Traditional cardiovascular risk factors such as hypertension, coronary artery disease, arrhythmia, and diabetes mellitus are strongly linked to the development of dementia. Emerging evidence indicates that cognitive decline can exacerbate cardiovascular risks through heightened inflammatory responses and compromised autonomic regulation. Additionally, this review explores trials that investigate the impact of cardiovascular medications, such as antihypertensive and statin therapies, on cognitive outcomes, as well as studies examining how dementia treatments like anticholinesterases affect cardiovascular health. This review emphasizes the importance of early identification of at-risk individuals, integrated care approaches, and lifestyle interventions aimed at reducing both cardiovascular disease and dementia risk, ultimately aiming to enhance patient outcomes and quality of life.</p>","PeriodicalId":9549,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology in Review","volume":" ","pages":"483-487"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141086904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring Acute Kidney Injury Following Aortic Dissection: A Comprehensive Review of Machine Learning Models for Predicting Risk, Management Strategies, Complications, and Racial and Gender Disparities.","authors":"Aman Goyal, Samia Aziz Sulaiman, Vidhi Pancholi, Laveeza Fatima, Shreyas Yakkali, Apoorva Doshi, Sonia Hurjkaliani, Hritvik Jain, Rozi Khan, Amir Humza Sohail","doi":"10.1097/CRD.0000000000000717","DOIUrl":"10.1097/CRD.0000000000000717","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Both types of aortic dissection (AD), Stanford type A and type B, can result in complications such as acute kidney injury (AKI) and aortic rupture. Renal complications in AD arise from compromised renal perfusion affecting the renal arteries. Understanding the intricate connection between AD and AKI is crucial for navigating the complexities of tailored treatment and formulating specific management plans. Concerning machine learning models, in patients with type A aortic dissection, factors such as decreased platelet count on admission, increased D-dimer level, longer cardiopulmonary bypass duration, elevated white blood cell levels, the need for blood transfusion, longer aortic clamp time, extended surgery duration, advanced age, and an elevated body mass index were positively associated with the development of AKI. For the risk of AKI after type B aortic dissection, elevated Nt-pro brain natriuretic peptide, prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time, elevated admission systolic blood pressure, and a higher contrast agent requirement during operative repair were found to predict the risk. Male gender was associated with a higher risk of AKI, and nonwhite race was linked to a higher risk of AKI, a greater likelihood of requiring more urgent procedures, and lower levels of insurance coverage. The treatment of AKI following AD requires a multifaceted approach. Identifying and addressing the underlying cause, such as low blood pressure, renal artery involvement, or medication-induced injury, is crucial for effective management and preventing further kidney damage. Maintaining proper fluid balance is essential for improving renal perfusion, but careful monitoring is necessary to avoid complications. The evolving landscape of research, particularly in biomarkers and AI programs, reveals a promising role in predicting the risk for and managing AKI post-AD.</p>","PeriodicalId":9549,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology in Review","volume":" ","pages":"470-475"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141086905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Efficacy and Safety of Endovascular Treatment on Large Vessel Occlusion of Intracranial Atherosclerosis Versus Embolism: A Meta-Analysis.","authors":"FenFei Zeng, QiHong Pan, XuTao Wang, Zhen Wang, JiaYan Ni","doi":"10.1097/CRD.0000000000000830","DOIUrl":"10.1097/CRD.0000000000000830","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study is to assess the efficacy and safety of endovascular treatment for acute ischemic stroke resulting from intracranial atherosclerosis-large vessel occlusion (ICAS-LVO) in comparison to embolic-large vessel occlusion (embolic-LVO). We undertook an extensive search of databases including PubMed, Embase, The Cochrane Library, Wanfang Data, and China National Knowledge Internet using a combination of free-text terms and mesh terms as part of our search strategy. Literature screening and data retrieval were conducted following predefined inclusion/exclusion criteria. The search timeframe was limited to studies published until August 2021. All statistical evaluations were carried out by Review Manager 5.3. This meta-analysis comprised a total of 2748 patients across 14 studies. Our results demonstrate a significantly lower rate of systematic intracranial hemorrhage in ICAS-LVO compared with embolic-LVO following endovascular therapy. Moreover, the rates of rescue therapy and stent implantation were significantly lower in ICAS-LVO versus embolic-LVO. However, the 2 groups had a similar recanalization rate, favorable outcome, and mortality rates at 90 days post endovascular treatment. Patients with ICAS-LVO exhibit a lower incidence of systematic intracranial hemorrhage after treatment compared with those with embolic-LVO. Furthermore, ICAS-LVO patients did not demonstrate a unique risk profile regarding recanalization, favorable outcomes (at 90 days), and mortality (at 90 days), resulting in comparable outcomes to embolic-LVO. However, a higher proportion of stent implantation and rescue therapy was observed in ICAS-LVO patients, highlighting the need for further investigation into the standardization of endovascular management for ICAS-LVO.</p>","PeriodicalId":9549,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology in Review","volume":" ","pages":"527-534"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142805827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diastolic Dysfunction and Atrial Fibrillation: Recognition, Interplay, and Management.","authors":"Somar Hadid, Mahmoud El Hajj, Bana Hadid, Zoya Siddiqui, Andy Wang, William H Frishman, Wilbert S Aronow","doi":"10.1097/CRD.0000000000000724","DOIUrl":"10.1097/CRD.0000000000000724","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Diastolic dysfunction occurs when the left ventricle loses its ability to relax normally, impairing ventricular filling during diastole. This most commonly occurs as a pathological sequela of left ventricular hypertrophy and remodeling due to chronic hypertension and/or age-related sclerotic changes of the aortic valve. This can subsequently deteriorate to diastolic heart failure or heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. There is a substantive interplay between atrial fibrillation and diastolic dysfunction, as atrial fibrillation can cause, exacerbate, or be a direct result of diastolic dysfunction and vice versa. In this review, we first independently define diastolic heart failure and atrial fibrillation while discussing the diagnostic guidelines, which encompass various modalities such as medical history, electrocardiography, echocardiography, and laboratory tests. We subsequently examine their interplay and pathophysiological links drawing on recent evidence in the literature. Finally, we discuss management approaches, including pharmacological interventions targeting rate and rhythm control, diuretics, and addressing comorbidities.</p>","PeriodicalId":9549,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology in Review","volume":" ","pages":"508-512"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141080886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bloodless Cardiac Surgery in Jehovah's Witness: A Comprehensive Review.","authors":"Darshil Kumar Maheta, William H Frishman, Wilbert S Aronow","doi":"10.1097/CRD.0000000000000725","DOIUrl":"10.1097/CRD.0000000000000725","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This article explores the major challenges and specialized strategies involved in managing cardiovascular surgery patients who are Jehovah's Witnesses and refuse blood transfusions due to their religious beliefs. It delves into preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative approaches aimed at minimizing blood loss and optimizing patient outcomes while respecting their autonomy. Preoperative measures focus on correcting anemia and coagulopathy through targeted interventions, such as iron supplementation and erythropoietin therapy, and meticulous screening for bleeding disorders. Intraoperative techniques include the use of vasoconstrictors, hemostatic agents, and innovative blood conservation methods like acute normovolemic hemodilution and cell salvage. Postoperative care emphasizes infection control, hemostasis, and judicious monitoring to prevent anemia and facilitate recovery. Through a multidisciplinary approach and adherence to evidence-based practices, healthcare providers can effectively meet the needs of Jehovah's Witness patients, ensuring safe and successful cardiovascular surgery outcomes without the use of blood transfusions.</p>","PeriodicalId":9549,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology in Review","volume":" ","pages":"523-526"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140956577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sudden Cardiac Death Risk Stratification in Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction.","authors":"Xu Huang, Yangjie Li, Honglu Zheng, Ying Xu","doi":"10.1097/CRD.0000000000000728","DOIUrl":"10.1097/CRD.0000000000000728","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) poses a significant clinical challenge, with sudden cardiac death (SCD) emerging as one of the leading causes of mortality. Despite advancements in cardiovascular medicine, predicting and preventing SCD in HFpEF remains complex due to multifactorial pathophysiological mechanisms and patient heterogeneity. Unlike heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, where impaired contractility and ventricular remodeling predominate, HFpEF pathophysiology involves heavy burden of comorbidities such as hypertension, obesity, and diabetes. Diverse mechanisms, including diastolic dysfunction, microvascular abnormalities, and inflammation, also contribute to distinct disease and SCD risk profiles. Various parameters such as clinical factors and electrocardiogram features have been proposed in SCD risk assessment. Advanced imaging modalities and biomarkers offer promise in risk prediction, yet comprehensive risk stratification models specific to HFpEF ar0e lacking. This review offers recent evidence on SCD risk factors and discusses current therapeutic strategies aimed at reducing SCD risk in HFpEF.</p>","PeriodicalId":9549,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology in Review","volume":" ","pages":"566-574"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141174881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Considerations Regarding Management of Heart Failure in Older Adults.","authors":"Kannayiram Alagiakrishnan, Darren Mah, Wilbert S Aronow, Phillip H Lam, William H Frishman, Ali Ahmed, Prakash Deedwania","doi":"10.1097/CRD.0000000000000677","DOIUrl":"10.1097/CRD.0000000000000677","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Understanding noncardiovascular comorbidities and geriatric syndromes in elderly patients with heart failure (HF) is important as the average age of the population increases. Healthcare professionals need to consider these complex dynamics when managing older adults with HF, especially those older than 80. A number of small studies have described associations between HF and major geriatric domains. With information on patients' cognitive, functional decline, and ability to adhere to therapy, physicians can plan for individualized treatment goals and recommendations for these patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":9549,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology in Review","volume":" ","pages":"535-540"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139989416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Robert Gross MD and the Birth of Pediatric Heart Surgery.","authors":"Matthew Krell, George L Hines","doi":"10.1097/CRD.0000000000000731","DOIUrl":"10.1097/CRD.0000000000000731","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Robert Gross performed the first repair of a patent ductus arteriosus in 1938. His life and career were dedicated to the advancement of vascular, cardiac, pediatric surgery, and the unrelenting care of his patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":9549,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology in Review","volume":" ","pages":"513-514"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141247585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}