Cardiology in Review最新文献_第10页

Salt Sensitivity of Blood Pressure and the Role of the Immune System in Hypertension. 血压对盐的敏感性和免疫系统在高血压中的作用。

IF 2 4区医学

Cardiology in Review Pub Date : 2024-12-16 DOI: 10.1097/CRD.0000000000000834

Jackeline Flores, Camilo Pena, Kenneth Nugent

{"title":"Salt Sensitivity of Blood Pressure and the Role of the Immune System in Hypertension.","authors":"Jackeline Flores, Camilo Pena, Kenneth Nugent","doi":"10.1097/CRD.0000000000000834","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/CRD.0000000000000834","url":null,"abstract":"Salt-sensitive blood pressure is a clinical phenotype defined as exaggerated blood pressure responses to salt loading and salt depletion. This characteristic occurs in 25% of the general population and 50% of patients with hypertension and contributes to the pathogenesis of hypertension in some patients. Hypertension is associated with chronic inflammatory responses and has immune cell accumulation in several hypertensive target organs, including the brain, kidneys, heart, blood vessels, and the perivascular adipose tissue, and these cellular responses likely exacerbate hypertension. The different factors implicated in the pathogenesis of salt-sensitive hypertension include renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system dysfunction, aldosterone-dependent and aldosterone-independent mineralocorticoid receptor signaling, and the sympathetic nervous system dysfunction. Experimental studies have shown an important role of both innate and adaptive immune cells, especially lymphocytes, in angiotensin II-induced hypertension. The epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) allows entry of sodium into dendritic cells, and this leads to a sequence of events, including the production of reactive oxygen species, which activates the NLRP3 inflammasome and contributes to salt-sensitive hypertension through the amiloride-sensitive ENaC and isolevuglandin-adduct formation. This review summarizes the general aspects of salt sensitivity, focuses on the immunological/inflammatory factors involved in its development, considers general changes in microvasculature, and discusses management.","PeriodicalId":9549,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology in Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142827520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cardiovascular Effect of Drugs Used to Treat Alzheimer's Disease. 治疗阿尔茨海默病的药物对心血管的影响

IF 2 4区医学

Cardiology in Review Pub Date : 2024-12-12 DOI: 10.1097/CRD.0000000000000831

Shirley Eng, Esewi Aifuwa, William H Frishman, Wilbert S Aronow

{"title":"Cardiovascular Effect of Drugs Used to Treat Alzheimer's Disease.","authors":"Shirley Eng, Esewi Aifuwa, William H Frishman, Wilbert S Aronow","doi":"10.1097/CRD.0000000000000831","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/CRD.0000000000000831","url":null,"abstract":"This review examines the cardiovascular effects of the mainstay drugs used to treat Alzheimer's disease (AD), namely cholinesterase inhibitors (ChEIs) and memantine. ChEIs represent the current first-line treatment for AD. Memantine is typically reserved for moderate to severe AD. Conventionally, ChEIs are thought to increase vagal tone, resulting in an increased risk of cardiac side effects such as bradycardia. However, emerging evidence suggests that ChEIs may offer a protective role on overall cardiovascular mortality in patients with dementia. Similarly, memantine, which is an N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist, has demonstrated cardioprotective properties in animal studies, raising the question of its clinical applications. Recently, aducanumab and lecanemab, antiamyloid-β monoclonal antibodies that aim to slow the progression of disease, have been Food and Drug Administration-approved for the treatment of AD. This review explores the current evidence regarding potential cardiovascular risks and protective effects of ChEIs and memantine in the treatment of AD, as well as the cardiovascular effects of aducanumab and lecanemab.","PeriodicalId":9549,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology in Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142811982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Efficacy and Safety of Endovascular Treatment on Large Vessel Occlusion of Intracranial Atherosclerosis Versus Embolism: A Meta-Analysis. 血管内治疗颅内动脉粥样硬化大血管闭塞与栓塞的疗效和安全性：荟萃分析。

IF 2 4区医学

Cardiology in Review Pub Date : 2024-12-11 DOI: 10.1097/CRD.0000000000000830

FenFei Zeng, QiHong Pan, XuTao Wang, Zhen Wang, JiaYan Ni

{"title":"The Efficacy and Safety of Endovascular Treatment on Large Vessel Occlusion of Intracranial Atherosclerosis Versus Embolism: A Meta-Analysis.","authors":"FenFei Zeng, QiHong Pan, XuTao Wang, Zhen Wang, JiaYan Ni","doi":"10.1097/CRD.0000000000000830","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/CRD.0000000000000830","url":null,"abstract":"This study is to assess the efficacy and safety of endovascular treatment for acute ischemic stroke resulting from intracranial atherosclerosis-large vessel occlusion (ICAS-LVO) in comparison to embolic-large vessel occlusion (embolic-LVO). We undertook an extensive search of databases including PubMed, Embase, The Cochrane Library, Wanfang Data, and China National Knowledge Internet using a combination of free-text terms and mesh terms as part of our search strategy. Literature screening and data retrieval were conducted following predefined inclusion/exclusion criteria. The search timeframe was limited to studies published until August 2021. All statistical evaluations were carried out by Review Manager 5.3. This meta-analysis comprised a total of 2748 patients across 14 studies. Our results demonstrate a significantly lower rate of systematic intracranial hemorrhage in ICAS-LVO compared with embolic-LVO following endovascular therapy. Moreover, the rates of rescue therapy and stent implantation were significantly lower in ICAS-LVO versus embolic-LVO. However, the 2 groups had a similar recanalization rate, favorable outcome, and mortality rates at 90 days post endovascular treatment. Patients with ICAS-LVO exhibit a lower incidence of systematic intracranial hemorrhage after treatment compared with those with embolic-LVO. Furthermore, ICAS-LVO patients did not demonstrate a unique risk profile regarding recanalization, favorable outcomes (at 90 days), and mortality (at 90 days), resulting in comparable outcomes to embolic-LVO. However, a higher proportion of stent implantation and rescue therapy was observed in ICAS-LVO patients, highlighting the need for further investigation into the standardization of endovascular management for ICAS-LVO.","PeriodicalId":9549,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology in Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142805827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Effects of Metformin on Weight Loss, Cardiovascular Health, and Longevity. 二甲双胍对减肥、心血管健康和长寿的影响。

IF 2 4区医学

Cardiology in Review Pub Date : 2024-12-11 DOI: 10.1097/CRD.0000000000000832

Ashwin A Pillai, Lara Melo, William H Frishman, Wilbert S Aronow

{"title":"The Effects of Metformin on Weight Loss, Cardiovascular Health, and Longevity.","authors":"Ashwin A Pillai, Lara Melo, William H Frishman, Wilbert S Aronow","doi":"10.1097/CRD.0000000000000832","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/CRD.0000000000000832","url":null,"abstract":"Metformin, a biguanide derived from Galega officinalis, was first synthesized by Werner and Bell in 1922. Metformin was approved for the treatment of diabetes by the US Food and Drug Administration in 1994. It has since become the most widely used oral antidiabetic agent. The exact mechanisms by which metformin exerts its clinical effects remain the subject of ongoing research. Metformin interacts with multiple molecular pathways, and the downstream effects of which affect weight, cardiovascular health, and longevity. Metformin reduces hunger by mitigating insulin resistance in the hypothalamic pro-opiomelanocortin neurons. It enhances satiety by stimulating the enteral release of glucagon-like peptide 1. It also induces favorable changes to enteric microbiota, enhancing metabolism. These effects cumulatively contribute to metformin-induced weight loss. Metformin use has shown associations with improved cardiovascular outcomes including reduced all-cause mortality, lower rates of myocardial infarctions, and improved heart failure outcomes. Many of these actions are mediated through the direct activation of adenosine monophosphate-activated kinase (AMPK), which, in turn, enhances cellular energy production and endothelial nitric oxide synthase-mediated vascular relaxation. It antagonizes proinflammatory cytokines, reducing cardiac fibrosis and remodeling. The metformin-AMPK pathway may also explain the potential utility of metformin in mitigating aging. Acting through AMPK, it inhibits the mammalian target of rapamycin, leading to increased autophagy and cell growth. The metformin-AMPK-sirtuin pathway may also contribute to longevity. In this review, we will discuss the use of metformin in weight loss, cardiovascular health, and longevity, highlighting the historic background, molecular mechanisms, and current evidence.","PeriodicalId":9549,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology in Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142805825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Self-Expandable Versus Balloon-Expandable Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement for Treatment of Patients With Small Aortic Annulus: An Updated Meta-Analysis of Reconstructed Individual Patient Data. 经导管自行扩张与球囊扩张主动脉瓣置换术治疗小主动脉环患者：重建个体患者数据的最新meta分析

IF 2 4区医学

Cardiology in Review Pub Date : 2024-12-04 DOI: 10.1097/CRD.0000000000000818

Basma Badrawy Khalefa, Mazen Negmeldin Aly Yassin, Ahmed R Gonnah, Mohamed Hamouda Elkasaby, Mohammed Tarek Hasan, Obieda Altobaishat, Abdallah Bani-Salame, Mohamed Abdalla Rashed, Mohamed Ahmed Mansour, Hussam Al Hennawi, David Hesketh Roberts

{"title":"Self-Expandable Versus Balloon-Expandable Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement for Treatment of Patients With Small Aortic Annulus: An Updated Meta-Analysis of Reconstructed Individual Patient Data.","authors":"Basma Badrawy Khalefa, Mazen Negmeldin Aly Yassin, Ahmed R Gonnah, Mohamed Hamouda Elkasaby, Mohammed Tarek Hasan, Obieda Altobaishat, Abdallah Bani-Salame, Mohamed Abdalla Rashed, Mohamed Ahmed Mansour, Hussam Al Hennawi, David Hesketh Roberts","doi":"10.1097/CRD.0000000000000818","DOIUrl":"10.1097/CRD.0000000000000818","url":null,"abstract":"Transcatheter aortic valve replacement has emerged as an effective alternative to surgery in selected patients with aortic stenosis. It needs to be made clear which type of valve has better results in patients with small aortic annulus. We searched PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science, following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement. A total of 27 articles were included, including 10,378 patients [5989 in balloon-expanding valve (BEV) and 4389 in the self-expanding valve (SEV) groups] with small aortic annulus. Our meta-analysis demonstrated no significant difference between SEVs and BEVs for 1-year all-cause mortality. There was a statistically significant increased risk of permanent pacemaker implantation (PPI) within 30 days and ischemic stroke at 1 year with SEVs [risk ratio (RR) = 1.69, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.18-2.42, P < 0.01, and RR = 1.83, 95% CI = 1.03-3.26, P = 0.04, respectively]. Our meta-analysis showed that SEVs are favored over BEVs in terms of 1-year change from baseline in effective orifice area (mean difference = 0.45, 95% CI = 0.19-0.71, P < 0.01). Moreover, after 1-year follow-up, severe patient-prosthesis mismatch was significantly lower in the SEV group (RR = 0.24, 95% CI = 0.11-0.53, P < 0.01). In conclusion, SEVs were associated with better echocardiographic outcomes from baseline. Patients with SEVs were more likely to develop stroke and require PPI but were less likely to have patient-prosthesis mismatch. The benefit of a larger effective aortic valve area with SEVs has to be balanced against higher PPI and stroke rates.","PeriodicalId":9549,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology in Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142766544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cardiovascular Disease in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease: Current Understanding, Preventative Strategies, and Future Directions. 慢性肾脏疾病患者的心血管疾病：目前的认识、预防策略和未来的方向。

IF 2 4区医学

Cardiology in Review Pub Date : 2024-12-04 DOI: 10.1097/CRD.0000000000000746

Robert Naami, Drew M Miller, Sanjana Datla, Mahboob Rahman, Sadeer Al-Kindi, Ian J Neeland

{"title":"Cardiovascular Disease in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease: Current Understanding, Preventative Strategies, and Future Directions.","authors":"Robert Naami, Drew M Miller, Sanjana Datla, Mahboob Rahman, Sadeer Al-Kindi, Ian J Neeland","doi":"10.1097/CRD.0000000000000746","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/CRD.0000000000000746","url":null,"abstract":"Chronic kidney disease (CKD) presents a significant burden on global health, with cardiovascular disease (CVD) being a leading cause of mortality in this population. Despite advancements in pharmacotherapies, preventing CVD in CKD patients remains challenging due to the intricate interplay of traditional risk factors and novel pathophysiological processes. This review aims to elucidate the current understanding of CVD prevention in CKD, encompassing epidemiology, risk factors, diagnostic considerations, and pharmacological therapeutic strategies. CKD patients exhibit a unique cardiovascular risk profile characterized by traditional risk factors such as hypertension and dyslipidemia, as well as CKD-specific factors including albuminuria, vascular calcification, and valvulopathies. The utility of coronary artery calcium scoring in risk stratification and the efficacy of aspirin, lipid-lowering agents, glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists, sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors, and nonsteroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists in CVD prevention are discussed. Despite promising findings, challenges such as lack of specific guidelines and data gaps persist, highlighting the need for multidisciplinary efforts to address the CVD burden in the CKD population effectively. Further research is warranted to optimize preventative strategies and improve outcomes in this high-risk population.","PeriodicalId":9549,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology in Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142766542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Unlocking the Heart's Guardian: Exploring Melatonin's Impact on the Cardiovascular System. 解锁心脏守护者：探索褪黑素对心血管系统的影响。

IF 2 4区医学

Cardiology in Review Pub Date : 2024-12-03 DOI: 10.1097/CRD.0000000000000822

Aimen Said, Darshini Shah, Priyanshi Shah, Bhupinder Singh, Fnu Anamika, Kanishk Aggarwal, Aachal Gupta, Rohit Jain

{"title":"Unlocking the Heart's Guardian: Exploring Melatonin's Impact on the Cardiovascular System.","authors":"Aimen Said, Darshini Shah, Priyanshi Shah, Bhupinder Singh, Fnu Anamika, Kanishk Aggarwal, Aachal Gupta, Rohit Jain","doi":"10.1097/CRD.0000000000000822","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/CRD.0000000000000822","url":null,"abstract":"Melatonin has become a popular choice for managing insomnia and sleep-related issues due to its effectiveness in promoting sleep and its minimal risk of side effects. This has led many individuals to opt for over-the-counter melatonin as an alternative to traditional sleep medications. Recent research indicates that melatonin not only aids in addressing sleep problems but also enhances muscle recovery and performance, thereby improving daytime functioning, particularly among athletes. In the United States, the prevalence of melatonin supplement usage has risen significantly from 0.08% in 2005-2006 to 0.28% in 2017-2018. Individuals with conditions such as heart failure, hypertension, coronary heart disease, and cardiovascular risk factors like diabetes and obesity typically exhibit lower levels of melatonin in their blood at night. This deficiency increases the likelihood of experiencing adverse cardiac events. Studies have highlighted melatonin's role not only in regulating sleep but also in safeguarding against cardiovascular diseases by influencing various cardiovascular functions. In summary, the increasing utilization of melatonin underscores its recognized efficacy in mitigating sleep disturbances, with emerging evidence suggesting potential benefits for cardiovascular health. As ongoing research explores additional therapeutic avenues, the multifaceted impact of melatonin emphasizes its significance in promoting overall well-being.","PeriodicalId":9549,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology in Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142766545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Leukocytosis as a Risk Factor for Coronary Artery Disease: Pathophysiology and Epidemiology. 白细胞增多是冠状动脉疾病的危险因素：病理生理学和流行病学。

IF 2 4区医学

Cardiology in Review Pub Date : 2024-12-03 DOI: 10.1097/CRD.0000000000000824

Toka Amin, Muhammad Haseeb Ul Rasool, Bike Ilyada Ozkan, Gowri Swaminathan, Faateh Rauf, Santino Patrizi, Arshia Sethi, William H Frishman, Wilbert S Aronow, Mahmoud Samy Ahmed

{"title":"Leukocytosis as a Risk Factor for Coronary Artery Disease: Pathophysiology and Epidemiology.","authors":"Toka Amin, Muhammad Haseeb Ul Rasool, Bike Ilyada Ozkan, Gowri Swaminathan, Faateh Rauf, Santino Patrizi, Arshia Sethi, William H Frishman, Wilbert S Aronow, Mahmoud Samy Ahmed","doi":"10.1097/CRD.0000000000000824","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/CRD.0000000000000824","url":null,"abstract":"Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a significant health concern characterized by reduced blood flow to the heart muscle, primarily due to the buildup of atherosclerotic plaques in the coronary arteries. This process begins with endothelial injury, leading to a cascade of biological responses contributing to plaque formation. Endothelial injury attracts the migration of monocytes which differentiate into macrophages upon uptake of oxidized low-density lipoproteins, changing into lipid-laden macrophage or \"foam cells.\" The process of plaque formation is influenced by many factors which have been studied extensively in literature such as smoking, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus. Chronic inflammatory illnesses are often associated with a high prevalence of coronary artery syndromes, prompting the evaluation of markers of inflammation such as white blood cell count and inflammatory markers as independent risk factors for CAD. White blood cells play a remarkable role in the pathophysiology of disease formation and progression. The article below aims to discuss the pathophysiology and epidemiology of leukocytosis as a risk factor for CAD.","PeriodicalId":9549,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology in Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142766543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Meta-Analysis on the Racial Disparity of Outcomes Following Alcohol Septal Ablation in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy. 肥厚型心肌病酒精隔膜消融术后种族间疗效差异的 Meta 分析。

IF 2 4区医学

Cardiology in Review Pub Date : 2024-11-27 DOI: 10.1097/CRD.0000000000000829

Hritvik Jain, Muhammad Daoud Tariq, Sonia Hurjkaliani, Mushood Ahmed, Raheel Ahmed, Jyoti Jain, Ramez M Odat, Irfan Ullah, Rozi Khan

{"title":"Meta-Analysis on the Racial Disparity of Outcomes Following Alcohol Septal Ablation in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy.","authors":"Hritvik Jain, Muhammad Daoud Tariq, Sonia Hurjkaliani, Mushood Ahmed, Raheel Ahmed, Jyoti Jain, Ramez M Odat, Irfan Ullah, Rozi Khan","doi":"10.1097/CRD.0000000000000829","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/CRD.0000000000000829","url":null,"abstract":"Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a prevalent cardiac condition that often leads to heart failure, exertional syncope, and sudden cardiac death. Despite the availability of various treatments for HCM, such as septal reduction therapy through surgical septal myectomy or alcohol septal ablation (ASA), disparities in access to care and treatment outcomes persist, particularly among marginalized racial and ethnic groups. These disparities underscore the importance of understanding the influence of race, ethnicity, and regional factors on the management and outcomes of HCM, necessitating a closer examination of whether access to ASA and its associated benefits is equitably distributed across diverse populations. A comprehensive literature search was conducted on various electronic databases aimed to identify studies evaluating the odds of undergoing ASA in HCM in racial subgroups and outcomes like all-cause mortality and stroke. Three studies were included in this meta-analysis with a total sample size of 24,939 HCM patients. Adjusted odds ratio (OR) or pooled risk ratios (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using a random-effects model. Blacks were significantly less likely to undergo ASA for HCM (OR, 0.64; 95% CI, 0.57-0.72; P < 0.01) as compared to white patients; however, no differences in all-cause mortality (RR, 0.97; 95% CI, 0.54-1.75) and stroke (RR, 1.29; 95% CI, 0.76-2.18) were noted. In conclusion, this meta-analysis highlights a significant association between race and the likelihood of undergoing ASA among patients with HCM, with minority racial groups potentially facing barriers to accessing this advanced treatment.","PeriodicalId":9549,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology in Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142726277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Managing Dyslipidemia in Children: Current Approaches and the Potential of Artificial Intelligence. 管理儿童血脂异常：目前的方法和人工智能的潜力。

IF 2 4区医学

Cardiology in Review Pub Date : 2024-11-27 DOI: 10.1097/CRD.0000000000000816

Abdullah, Amna Zaheer, Humza Saeed, Muhammad Khubaib Arshad, Zabeehullah, Uswa Iftikhar, Areesha Abid, Muhammad Hamza Khan, Alina Sami Khan, Anum Akbar

{"title":"Managing Dyslipidemia in Children: Current Approaches and the Potential of Artificial Intelligence.","authors":"Abdullah, Amna Zaheer, Humza Saeed, Muhammad Khubaib Arshad, Zabeehullah, Uswa Iftikhar, Areesha Abid, Muhammad Hamza Khan, Alina Sami Khan, Anum Akbar","doi":"10.1097/CRD.0000000000000816","DOIUrl":"10.1097/CRD.0000000000000816","url":null,"abstract":"Dyslipidemia is abnormal lipid and lipoprotein levels in the blood, influenced mainly by genetics, lifestyle, and environmental factors. The management of lipid levels in children involves early screening, nonpharmacological interventions such as lifestyle modifications and dietary changes, nutraceuticals, and pharmacological treatments, including drug therapy. However, the prevalence of dyslipidemia in the pediatric population is increasing, particularly among obese children, which is a significant risk factor for cardiovascular complications. This narrative review analyzes current literature on the management of dyslipidemia in children and explores the potential of artificial intelligence (AI) to improve screening, diagnosis, and treatment outcomes. A comprehensive literature search was conducted using Google Scholar and PubMed databases, focusing primarily on the application of AI in managing dyslipidemia. AI has been beneficial in managing lipid disorders, including lipid profile analysis, obesity assessments, and familial hypercholesterolemia screening. Deep learning models, machine learning algorithms, and artificial neural networks have improved diagnostic accuracy and treatment efficacy. While most studies are done in the adult population, the promising results suggest further exploring AI management of dyslipidemia in children.","PeriodicalId":9549,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology in Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142726276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0