Cardiology in Review最新文献_第10页

"Heart in a Box," a Novel Organ Care System for Heart Transplantation. “盒子里的心脏”，一种新的心脏移植器官护理系统。

IF 3.2 4区医学

Cardiology in Review Pub Date : 2026-08-26 DOI: 10.1097/CRD.0000000000001441

Mohammed Kallash, William H Frishman

{"title":"\"Heart in a Box,\" a Novel Organ Care System for Heart Transplantation.","authors":"Mohammed Kallash, William H Frishman","doi":"10.1097/CRD.0000000000001441","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/CRD.0000000000001441","url":null,"abstract":"As the global burden of heart failure continues to rise, heart transplantation-the only definitive therapy for heart failure-has become a major focus of clinical research aimed at increasing the availability of suitable donor allografts. Historically, heart transplantation has been limited to the availability of hearts obtained from donors after brain death within relatively short distances. The TransMedics Organ Care System (OCS) Heart is a novel technology that allows for portable extracorporeal nonischemic perfusion of the heart after the circulatory death of the donor. Often referred to as \"Heart in a Box,\" the OCS Heart is a potential major advancement in heart transplantation because of its ability to preserve the heart in a metabolically active state after the circulatory death of the donor, allowing for longer-distance transport compared to traditional cold storage methods. Numerous randomized controlled trials studying the efficacy of the OCS Heart technology from donors after circulatory death compared to traditional cold storage methods from donors after brain death demonstrated noninferiority. By allowing for preservation after circulatory death and for longer transport times, the OCS Heart can potentially significantly expand the donor pool and increase the number of heart transplants. The major limitations of its use include the expensive costs of operation, the increased level of training required for personnel, and the risk of technological malfunctions compared to traditional cold storage methods. Nevertheless, the OCS Heart is poised as a critical development in the field of heart transplantation, with an expectation that adoption rates for its use will increase in the coming years.","PeriodicalId":9549,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology in Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148825429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Machine Learning Models for Predicting Permanent Pacemaker Implantation After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement: A Scoping Review. 预测经导管主动脉瓣置换术后永久起搏器植入的机器学习模型：范围综述。

IF 3.2 4区医学

Cardiology in Review Pub Date : 2026-08-25 DOI: 10.1097/CRD.0000000000001428

Yazan Saleh, Muhammad Afridi, Michael Blackledge, Alexandra Phaneuf, Adham El Sherbini, Amr El-Wakeel, Mohammad El Diasty

{"title":"Machine Learning Models for Predicting Permanent Pacemaker Implantation After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement: A Scoping Review.","authors":"Yazan Saleh, Muhammad Afridi, Michael Blackledge, Alexandra Phaneuf, Adham El Sherbini, Amr El-Wakeel, Mohammad El Diasty","doi":"10.1097/CRD.0000000000001428","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/CRD.0000000000001428","url":null,"abstract":"Permanent pacemaker (PPM) implantation has been reported in up to 26% of patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). Machine learning (ML) models have increasingly been developed to predict the need for PPM after TAVR, offering the potential to improve preprocedural risk stratification and optimize perioperative management. We conducted a systematic literature search of MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Central, ClinicalTrials.gov, and Google Scholar to identify primary studies evaluating ML models for predicting PPM implantation following TAVR. Data extracted included study characteristics, ML methodologies, predictor variables, and model performance metrics. Seven studies comprising 4528 patients who underwent TAVR met the inclusion criteria. The evaluated TAVR devices included balloon-expandable, self-expandable, and mechanically expandable Lotus valves. The incidence of PPM implantation ranged from 14% to 41.7%. ML approaches included random forest, gradient boosting, neural networks, support vector machines, and logistic regression. Predictive performance varied across studies, with area under the receiver operating characteristic curve values ranging from 0.61 to 0.92. Frequently identified predictors of PPM implantation included prosthetic valve size, preprocedural right bundle branch block, atrioventricular block, leaflet calcification, larger left ventricular outflow tract diameter, prior aortic valve interventions, and use of self-expanding valves. Overall, ML models demonstrate promising predictive capability for identifying patients at risk of requiring PPM after TAVR, although model performance remains inconsistent across studies. Further external validation, standardization of model development, and prospective evaluation are needed before these tools can be confidently incorporated into routine clinical decision-making and risk stratification following TAVR.","PeriodicalId":9549,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology in Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148817537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Osimertinib-Associated Cardiotoxicity in EGFR-Mutant Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Mechanisms, Phenotypes, and Surveillance. 奥西替尼相关的egfr突变非小细胞肺癌的心脏毒性：机制、表型和监测。

IF 3.2 4区医学

Cardiology in Review Pub Date : 2026-08-24 DOI: 10.1097/CRD.0000000000001437

Sooraj Srirangadhamu Gopu, Abul Hasan Shadali Abdul Khader, Siddharth Pravin Agrawal, Salman Ayub Jajja, Anjali Pareshbhai Patel, William H Frishman, Wilbert S Aronow

{"title":"Osimertinib-Associated Cardiotoxicity in EGFR-Mutant Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Mechanisms, Phenotypes, and Surveillance.","authors":"Sooraj Srirangadhamu Gopu, Abul Hasan Shadali Abdul Khader, Siddharth Pravin Agrawal, Salman Ayub Jajja, Anjali Pareshbhai Patel, William H Frishman, Wilbert S Aronow","doi":"10.1097/CRD.0000000000001437","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/CRD.0000000000001437","url":null,"abstract":"Osimertinib, a third-generation EGFR-TKI, is now the standard first-line treatment for EGFR-mutant non-small cell lung cancer and is increasingly given in the adjuvant setting for up to 3 years and in combination with chemotherapy. As exposure has lengthened and shifted toward curative-intent settings, its cardiac effects have acquired greater clinical weight, because patients may remain on therapy for years and survive long enough for cardiovascular outcomes to matter. This review argues that the dominant cardiac phenotype, a decline in left ventricular ejection fraction, with or without clinical heart failure, is best understood as an often reversible functional cardiomyopathy rather than structural myocardial injury. The neuregulin-1/ErbB signaling axis, which maintains adult cardiomyocyte function and whose disruption by trastuzumab causes a comparable reversible dysfunction, provides the lens for this interpretation, and off-target inhibition of ErbB2/ErbB4 has been proposed as a mechanism for osimertinib cardiotoxicity. That account is incomplete: the EGFR-TKIs that inhibit HER2 most potently do not carry the largest clinical signal, and a recently described GATA4-MYLK3-MYL2 contractile pathway offers an alternative, not clearly ErbB-dependent, mechanism. The proximal cause, therefore, remains unresolved, but across the available evidence, the dominant phenotype appears functional, contractile, and often reversible.","PeriodicalId":9549,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology in Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148812000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cardiovascular Effects of Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa). Kratom （Mitragyna speciosa）的心血管作用。

IF 3.2 4区医学

Cardiology in Review Pub Date : 2026-08-24 DOI: 10.1097/CRD.0000000000001438

Christopher Wu, Sebastian Gastelum, Jonathan Al-Fakhoury, Nathaniel Bowes, Karam Khamashta, John Crupi, William H Frishman, Wilbert S Aronow

{"title":"Cardiovascular Effects of Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa).","authors":"Christopher Wu, Sebastian Gastelum, Jonathan Al-Fakhoury, Nathaniel Bowes, Karam Khamashta, John Crupi, William H Frishman, Wilbert S Aronow","doi":"10.1097/CRD.0000000000001438","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/CRD.0000000000001438","url":null,"abstract":"Mitragyna speciosa (kratom) is an increasingly used product marketed for pain relief, mood enhancement, stimulation, and self-management of opioid withdrawal. Its principal alkaloids, mitragynine and 7-hydroxymitragynine, interact with μ-opioid, adrenergic, serotonergic, and dopaminergic receptors and may also influence cardiac ion channels and autonomic regulation. Experimental studies demonstrate inhibition of the human ether-à-go-go-related gene potassium channel, delayed ventricular repolarization, and potential effects on sodium and G-protein-coupled inwardly rectifying potassium channels. Clinically reported cardiovascular manifestations include tachycardia, hypertension, QTc prolongation, Brugada-pattern electrocardiographic abnormalities, ventricular arrhythmias, cardiac arrest, and possible myocardial or vascular injury. Kratom may also interact with cardiovascular medications through inhibition of cytochrome P450 enzymes and drug transporters, potentially altering exposure to β-blockers, antiarrhythmics, calcium-channel blockers, anticoagulants, and digoxin. Although preliminary studies have suggested possible anti-inflammatory, metabolic, antioxidant, and opioid-substitution benefits, these findings remain largely preclinical or observational. Interpretation of the available literature is limited by heterogeneous product composition, polysubstance exposure, inconsistent dosing, and reliance on case reports, toxicologic surveillance, and pharmacovigilance data. Greater clinical awareness and prospective research using standardized kratom preparations are needed to clarify its cardiovascular risks, potential benefits, and clinically relevant drug interactions.","PeriodicalId":9549,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology in Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148811979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Pediatric Hyperlipidemia Guidelines: A Comprehensive Review of Screening, Diagnosis, and Management. 儿童高脂血症指南：筛查、诊断和治疗的综合综述。

IF 3.2 4区医学

Cardiology in Review Pub Date : 2026-08-21 DOI: 10.1097/CRD.0000000000001433

Nhi D Nguyen, Tzvi Fishkin, Amgad N Makaryus, William H Frishman, Wilbert S Aronow

{"title":"Pediatric Hyperlipidemia Guidelines: A Comprehensive Review of Screening, Diagnosis, and Management.","authors":"Nhi D Nguyen, Tzvi Fishkin, Amgad N Makaryus, William H Frishman, Wilbert S Aronow","doi":"10.1097/CRD.0000000000001433","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/CRD.0000000000001433","url":null,"abstract":"Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease originates in childhood, and cumulative exposure to low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) is a major determinant of lifetime cardiovascular risk. Multiple professional societies have published guidelines for lipid screening, diagnosis, and management in pediatric populations; yet important differences exist among these recommendations. Our objective is to review and compare major pediatric dyslipidemia guidelines and identify areas of consensus, disagreement, and remaining evidence gaps. A narrative review was conducted to compare recommendations from major professional society guidelines on lipid screening, diagnostic criteria, lifestyle management, pharmacologic therapy, and management of hypertriglyceridemia. Across guidelines, there is broad agreement that lifestyle modification is first-line therapy and that statins are safe and effective for children with familial hypercholesterolemia. Key differences exist around universal screening, the age and LDL-C thresholds for statin initiation, LDL-C treatment targets, and the role of genetic testing. More recent guideline updates support earlier identification and treatment of pediatric dyslipidemia, particularly in children with familial hypercholesterolemia. Pediatric dyslipidemia guidelines are evolving toward earlier detection and more intensive management of lipid disorders in children. However, important evidence gaps remain, including limited long-term cardiovascular outcome data following childhood lipid-lowering therapy, insufficient pediatric evidence for newer lipid-lowering agents, and persistent disparities in access to screening.","PeriodicalId":9549,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology in Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148788796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Informed Consent as Innovation: Redesigning Consent in the Age of AI and Immersive Medicine. 作为创新的知情同意：在人工智能和沉浸式医学时代重新设计同意。

IF 3.2 4区医学

Cardiology in Review Pub Date : 2026-08-21 DOI: 10.1097/CRD.0000000000001440

Chase Goldberg, Tobias Whitford, Galal Elsayed, William Frishman, Mill Etienne

引用次数: 0

Updates on Imaging Modalities for the Diagnosis of Aortic Stenosis. 主动脉瓣狭窄影像学诊断的最新进展。

IF 3.2 4区医学

Cardiology in Review Pub Date : 2026-08-20 DOI: 10.1097/CRD.0000000000001435

Hadi Itani, Mohamad B Moumneh, Ahmed Zayed, Arun Gajan Pradeep, Mohammad Ennab, Bahy Abofrekha, Omar Khaya, Jonathan Spagnola, William H Frishman, Wilbert S Aronow

{"title":"Updates on Imaging Modalities for the Diagnosis of Aortic Stenosis.","authors":"Hadi Itani, Mohamad B Moumneh, Ahmed Zayed, Arun Gajan Pradeep, Mohammad Ennab, Bahy Abofrekha, Omar Khaya, Jonathan Spagnola, William H Frishman, Wilbert S Aronow","doi":"10.1097/CRD.0000000000001435","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/CRD.0000000000001435","url":null,"abstract":"Aortic stenosis (AS) is the most common degenerative valvular disease in elderly patients and is linked to high morbidity and mortality. Accurate diagnosis and risk stratification are critical for effective management. Transthoracic echocardiography is the standard diagnostic tool, but its reliance on flow-dependent parameters can lead to inconsistent grading, especially in low-flow, low-gradient, or normal-flow, low-gradient AS. Advanced echocardiographic methods, such as 3D imaging, stress echocardiography, and Doppler indices, such as the mean gradient-to-effective orifice area ratio, improve the evaluation of AS severity and assist in clinical decision-making. Computed tomography provides a flow-independent evaluation of AS. It uses noncontrast calcium scoring with sex-specific thresholds, along with contrast-enhanced angiography, for detailed anatomical assessment. These modalities are essential for procedural planning, particularly for transcatheter aortic valve replacement. Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) provides additional prognostic information. It quantifies myocardial remodeling and fibrosis, which are associated with outcomes and recovery potential. Emerging technologies are expanding diagnostic capabilities in AS. Examples include 18F-sodium fluoride positron emission tomography for detecting microcalcification, artificial intelligence-based ECG and echocardiography for early diagnosis, and 4D flow CMR. Integration of echocardiography, computed tomography, CMR, and emerging positron emission tomography and artificial intelligence-based approaches can help address diagnostic uncertainty. This integration helps refine AS subtype classification and inform individualized intervention strategies.","PeriodicalId":9549,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology in Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148788823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Pacemakers in Pediatric Patients. 儿科患者的心脏起搏器。

IF 3.2 4区医学

Cardiology in Review Pub Date : 2026-08-17 DOI: 10.1097/CRD.0000000000001429

Margot Richards, Lauren Tetelbaun, William H Frishman

引用次数: 0

Pompe Disease: From a Cardiovascular Lens. 庞贝病：从心血管透镜。

IF 3.2 4区医学

Cardiology in Review Pub Date : 2026-08-14 DOI: 10.1097/CRD.0000000000001432

Abdullah Ali, Dinushan Thirumavalavan, John Nicholas Catanzaro, Tzvi Fishkin, Amgad N Makaryus, William H Frishman, Wilbert S Aronow

引用次数: 0

Complete Revascularization Versus Culprit-Only Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Non-ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction With Multivessel Disease: A Nationwide Propensity Score-Matched Analysis. 非st段抬高型心肌梗死合并多血管疾病患者的完全血运重建术与单纯经皮冠状动脉介入治疗：一项全国性倾向评分匹配分析

IF 3.2 4区医学

Cardiology in Review Pub Date : 2026-08-14 DOI: 10.1097/CRD.0000000000001431

Mohamed Hamouda Elkasaby, Alaa Ayyadhah Alanazi, William H Frishman, Wilbert S Aronow

{"title":"Complete Revascularization Versus Culprit-Only Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Non-ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction With Multivessel Disease: A Nationwide Propensity Score-Matched Analysis.","authors":"Mohamed Hamouda Elkasaby, Alaa Ayyadhah Alanazi, William H Frishman, Wilbert S Aronow","doi":"10.1097/CRD.0000000000001431","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/CRD.0000000000001431","url":null,"abstract":"We used the National Inpatient Sample from 2016 to 2022 to compare complete revascularization with culprit-only percutaneous coronary intervention in adults hospitalized with non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction and multivessel disease. Hospitalizations complicated by cardiogenic shock, cardiac arrest, coronary artery bypass grafting, or mechanical circulatory support were excluded. Complete revascularization was defined as intervention on at least 2 native coronary territories during the index admission. We performed 1:1 propensity score matching on 52 covariates. The primary outcome was in-hospital major bleeding. Among 713,844 weighted hospitalizations (142,769 unweighted), 27.5% underwent complete revascularization. Matching yielded 37,048 well-balanced pairs (all standardized mean differences <0.01). Complete revascularization was associated with more major bleeding (12.22% vs 10.52%; odds ratio 1.18; 95% confidence interval, 1.13-1.24; P < 0.001), whereas in-hospital mortality was similar (1.01% vs 0.98%; P = 0.684). Major adverse cardiovascular events trended lower (14.61% vs 15.10%; P = 0.062), driven by less recurrent myocardial infarction (P = 0.034). Complete revascularization was also associated with a longer stay (3 vs 2 days) and higher cost ($127,536 vs $91,771; both P < 0.001). The excess bleeding was consistent across 17 subgroups and greatest in patients younger than 65 years (P for interaction < 0.001).","PeriodicalId":9549,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology in Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148758172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0