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Artificial Intelligence in Predicting Sudden Cardiac Death. 人工智能在心脏性猝死预测中的应用
IF 2.3 4区 医学
Cardiology in Review Pub Date : 2025-07-31 DOI: 10.1097/CRD.0000000000001014
Hadrian Hoang-Vu Tran, Audrey Thu, Anu Radha Twayana, Axel Fuertes, Marco Gonzalez, Maggie James, Marina Basta, Krutagni Adwait Mehta, William H Frishman, Wilbert S Aronow
{"title":"Artificial Intelligence in Predicting Sudden Cardiac Death.","authors":"Hadrian Hoang-Vu Tran, Audrey Thu, Anu Radha Twayana, Axel Fuertes, Marco Gonzalez, Maggie James, Marina Basta, Krutagni Adwait Mehta, William H Frishman, Wilbert S Aronow","doi":"10.1097/CRD.0000000000001014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/CRD.0000000000001014","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sudden cardiac death (SCD) remains a significant global health challenge, with existing risk stratification tools such as left ventricular ejection fraction demonstrating limited predictive accuracy. Recent advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) have enabled the development of novel predictive models capable of integrating high-dimensional clinical, electrocardiographic, imaging, genetic, and wearable device data. This review examines the performance of various AI architectures-particularly convolutional neural networks and multimodal ensemble models-in improving SCD prediction and risk stratification. Evidence suggests that AI algorithms trained on sinus rhythm electrocardiograms can detect subclinical features associated with future arrhythmias, while the integration of additional data modalities further enhances predictive precision. Importantly, dynamic AI models that incorporate continuous data inputs have demonstrated potential in both long-term risk assessment and real-time arrhythmia detection. Despite these promising developments, widespread clinical adoption faces challenges related to validation, interpretability, and integration into existing healthcare systems. Addressing these issues through multidisciplinary collaboration and rigorous evaluation will be crucial for realizing the clinical utility of AI in SCD prevention.</p>","PeriodicalId":9549,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology in Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144752507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Pregnancy and Ischemic Heart Disease: A Review of Risks and Therapeutic Approaches. 妊娠与缺血性心脏病：风险和治疗方法综述
IF 2.3 4区 医学
Cardiology in Review Pub Date : 2025-07-30 DOI: 10.1097/CRD.0000000000001013
Ellen N Huhulea, Lillian Huang, Esewi Aifuwa, William H Frishman, Wilbert S Aronow
{"title":"Pregnancy and Ischemic Heart Disease: A Review of Risks and Therapeutic Approaches.","authors":"Ellen N Huhulea, Lillian Huang, Esewi Aifuwa, William H Frishman, Wilbert S Aronow","doi":"10.1097/CRD.0000000000001013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/CRD.0000000000001013","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ischemic heart disease (IHD) in pregnancy presents significant risks to both mother and fetus, especially as cardiovascular risk factors become more prevalent in women of reproductive age. This literature review examines the epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical impact, and multidisciplinary management of IHD during pregnancy. Maternal complications include acute coronary syndrome, heart failure, and arrhythmias, with fetal risks such as preterm birth, intrauterine growth restriction, and neonatal death. Physiological and hematologic adaptations of pregnancy exacerbate ischemic risk, particularly in women with underlying atherosclerosis. Evidence-based pharmacologic and interventional strategies are discussed, alongside delivery planning and postpartum care. A coordinated, multidisciplinary approach remains essential to improving outcomes in this high-risk population.</p>","PeriodicalId":9549,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology in Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144741292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Electrophysiologic Ablation of Ventricular Tachyarrhythmias. 室性快速性心律失常的电生理消融。
IF 2.3 4区 医学
Cardiology in Review Pub Date : 2025-07-30 DOI: 10.1097/CRD.0000000000001015
Izage Kianifar Aguilar, Hernan Arias-Ruiz, Sabaa Alnsour, William H Frishman, Wilbert S Aronow
{"title":"Electrophysiologic Ablation of Ventricular Tachyarrhythmias.","authors":"Izage Kianifar Aguilar, Hernan Arias-Ruiz, Sabaa Alnsour, William H Frishman, Wilbert S Aronow","doi":"10.1097/CRD.0000000000001015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/CRD.0000000000001015","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ventricular tachyarrhythmias (VT) are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with structural heart disease. Catheter ablation has emerged as a pivotal therapeutic strategy for managing these arrhythmias, particularly in patients who are refractory to medical therapy. This literature review aims to synthesize current knowledge on the electrophysiologic mechanisms underlying VT, the efficacy and safety of catheter ablation techniques, and the long-term outcomes associated with these interventions. We will also discuss the evolving role of advanced mapping technologies and the integration of ablation strategies in the management of VT.</p>","PeriodicalId":9549,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology in Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144741290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Malignant Pericardial Disease. 恶性心包病。
IF 2.3 4区 医学
Cardiology in Review Pub Date : 2025-07-30 DOI: 10.1097/CRD.0000000000001019
Omar A Seyam, William H Frishman, Wilbert S Aronow
{"title":"Malignant Pericardial Disease.","authors":"Omar A Seyam, William H Frishman, Wilbert S Aronow","doi":"10.1097/CRD.0000000000001019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/CRD.0000000000001019","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pericardial involvement in cancer can present with various clinical manifestations, including constrictive pericarditis, pericardial tamponade, or chronic pericardial effusions. Since the incidence of malignant pericardial illness is more widespread than is generally understood, a strong index of suspicion is required to identify its many characteristics. Therefore, in this article, we review the etiology, mechanism, clinical presentation, and their management.</p>","PeriodicalId":9549,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology in Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144741291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Anticoagulation in Atrial Fibrillation and Dementia. 房颤和痴呆的抗凝治疗。
IF 2.3 4区 医学
Cardiology in Review Pub Date : 2025-07-30 DOI: 10.1097/CRD.0000000000001011
Jonah Rocheeld, Josef Kusayev, William H Frishman, Wilbert S Aronow
{"title":"Anticoagulation in Atrial Fibrillation and Dementia.","authors":"Jonah Rocheeld, Josef Kusayev, William H Frishman, Wilbert S Aronow","doi":"10.1097/CRD.0000000000001011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/CRD.0000000000001011","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The co-occurrence of atrial fibrillation (AF) and dementia is increasingly common in aging populations. Anticoagulants reduce the risk of thromboembolic events associated with AF, but they introduce an increased risk of severe bleeding, adherence concerns, and questionable net benefit in the very elderly. This narrative review evaluates the existing literature on anticoagulation in the subset of patients with AF and dementia and aims to clarify clinical guidance on managing AF alongside bleeding risk concerns. Observational cohort studies, meta-analyses, and registry data were analyzed. Multiple large cohort studies support anticoagulation in patients with mild-to-moderate dementia. Advanced dementia populations show more mixed outcomes, though most studies still find neutral to modestly beneficial mortality effects. Direct oral anticoagulants may be preferable to warfarin due to ease of use and lower risk of intracranial hemorrhage. Notably, existing randomized controlled trials on the effects of anticoagulation in AF do not include dementia subgroups. In conclusion, anticoagulation appears to offer a net mortality benefit in patients with AF and early-stage dementia, but its use in very elderly patients with advanced dementia requires cautious, individualized consideration of patient goals and risk/benefit profile. Further research, including RCTs with dementia subgroups and quality-of-life endpoints, is urgently needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":9549,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology in Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144741289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Supersaturated Oxygen Therapy in Acute Myocardial Infarction: Mechanisms, Efficacy, and Future Direction. 急性心肌梗死的过饱和氧治疗：机制、疗效和未来方向。
IF 2 4区 医学
Cardiology in Review Pub Date : 2025-07-25 DOI: 10.1097/CRD.0000000000000997
Uttam Kalluri, William Frishman
{"title":"Supersaturated Oxygen Therapy in Acute Myocardial Infarction: Mechanisms, Efficacy, and Future Direction.","authors":"Uttam Kalluri, William Frishman","doi":"10.1097/CRD.0000000000000997","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/CRD.0000000000000997","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Supersaturated oxygen (SSO2) therapy is a treatment modality that is gaining further attention and consideration for patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). SSO2 therapy is meant to be utilized as an adjuvant therapy with primary percutaneous coronary intervention to treat CAD. Animal models, particularly swine models, have been invaluable in demonstrating the potential benefits SSO2 therapy holds for treating CAD and myocardial infarction. Some trials have also demonstrated the benefit SSO2 therapy offers for patients with anterior ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. One serious consideration while using SSO2 therapy is the potential for free radical production, which can further damage already compromised tissue. Although free radical production can stymie tissue healing, various pharmacological therapies can attenuate their effects, making SSO2 therapy with percutaneous coronary intervention a treatment modality that deserves serious consideration for further investigation and utility in clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":9549,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology in Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144706420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Impact of Continuous Positive Airway Pressure on Cardiovascular Health in Patients With Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. 持续气道正压对阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停患者心血管健康的影响：一项系统综述和荟萃分析
IF 2 4区 医学
Cardiology in Review Pub Date : 2025-07-22 DOI: 10.1097/CRD.0000000000001004
Syed Sarmad Javaid, Muhammad Adil Obaid, Tooba Noor, Musaddiq Kaleem, Areej Shakil, Shajee Ul Haque, Numra Abbasi, Emaan Saeed, Sadia Manan, Khadija Alam, Owais Gul, Fatima Anwer
{"title":"Impact of Continuous Positive Airway Pressure on Cardiovascular Health in Patients With Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Syed Sarmad Javaid, Muhammad Adil Obaid, Tooba Noor, Musaddiq Kaleem, Areej Shakil, Shajee Ul Haque, Numra Abbasi, Emaan Saeed, Sadia Manan, Khadija Alam, Owais Gul, Fatima Anwer","doi":"10.1097/CRD.0000000000001004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/CRD.0000000000001004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a growing health concern affecting nearly 1 billion people worldwide. Untreated OSA heightens the risk of cardiovascular (CV) complications. This meta-analysis aims to evaluate the effectiveness of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) in preventing adverse CV outcomes as compared with placebo or standard care in OSA patient Google Scholar, PubMed and Scopus databases were systematically searched from inception until March 2023. The outcomes of interest were major adverse CV events (MACE), all-cause mortality, CV mortality, stroke, unstable angina, new-onset atrial fibrillation (AF), myocardial infarction (MI), and hospitalization for heart failure (HF). A total of 9 361 participants from 9 randomized controlled trials and 6 observational studies were included in the analysis. Our meta-analysis reports that CPAP significantly reduces the risk of MACE [risk ratio (RR) = 0.69, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.54-0.89] and CV mortality (RR = 0.53, 95% CI: 0.30-0.91) as compared with placebo or standard care in OSA patients. However, CPAP therapy did not show significant effects on specific CV conditions; unstable angina (RR = 1.20, 95% CI: 0.67-2.15), acute MI (RR = 0.95, 95% CI: 0.73-1.24), new-onset AF (RR = 0.89, 95% CI: 0.50-1.58), hospitalization for HF (RR = 0.83, 95% CI: 0.60-1.15), and stroke (RR = 0.89, 95% CI: 0.70-1.14). CPAP therapy significantly improves the MACE and CV mortality as compared with placebo or standard care in patients with OSA. However, no significant association was seen between CPAP and other CV outcomes, including unstable angina, MI, AF, HF hospitalization, and stroke.</p>","PeriodicalId":9549,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology in Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144688940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Targeting Corin and Furin in Hypertension and Heart Failure: A New Therapeutic Frontier in Cardiovascular Therapeutics. 靶向科林和福林治疗高血压和心力衰竭：心血管治疗的新前沿。
IF 2 4区 医学
Cardiology in Review Pub Date : 2025-07-18 DOI: 10.1097/CRD.0000000000000999
Hadrian Hoang-Vu Tran, Audrey Thu, Anu Radha Twayana, Axel Fuertes, Marco Gonzalez, Maggie James, Krutagni Adwait Mehta, Marina Basta, William H Frishman, Wilbert S Aronow
{"title":"Targeting Corin and Furin in Hypertension and Heart Failure: A New Therapeutic Frontier in Cardiovascular Therapeutics.","authors":"Hadrian Hoang-Vu Tran, Audrey Thu, Anu Radha Twayana, Axel Fuertes, Marco Gonzalez, Maggie James, Krutagni Adwait Mehta, Marina Basta, William H Frishman, Wilbert S Aronow","doi":"10.1097/CRD.0000000000000999","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/CRD.0000000000000999","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Corin and furin are protetic enzymes central to the activation of natriuretic peptides (NPs), which regulate cardiovascular homeostasis. Recent insights suggest that disruptions in the Corin-Furin axis-via genetic polymorphisms, aberrant post-translational modifications, or disease-associated downregulation-contribute to the pathogenesis of hypertension, heart failure, and myocardial fibrosis. This study examines current challenges in enzymatic stability, pharmacodynamics, and delivery of corin- and furin-based therapies, emphasizing translational barriers and the need for precision medicine. We review preclinical models demonstrating the therapeutic promise of recombinant corin and furin inhibitors, as well as the limitations posed by species-specificity, short half-lives, and incomplete pharmacogenomic data. Multiomics platforms and systems biology approaches are highlighted as essential tools for identifying actionable targets, guiding patient stratification, and integrating corin genotyping into clinical care. Emerging strategies include engineered proteases, small-molecule modulators, and RNA-based interventions aimed at restoring proteolytic balance and enhancing NP signaling. While clinical application remains nascent, these findings underscore the therapeutic potential of targeting local NP-processing mechanisms. A comprehensive understanding of corin and furin function, regulation, and interactomes is critical for developing personalized interventions in cardiovascular disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":9549,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology in Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144658522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Potential Therapeutic Benefits of Glucagon-Like-Peptide-1 Agonists and Atrial Fibrillation. 胰高血糖素样肽-1激动剂和房颤的潜在治疗益处。
IF 2 4区 医学
Cardiology in Review Pub Date : 2025-07-18 DOI: 10.1097/CRD.0000000000001003
Hall Zhang, Victoria Maksymiuk, William H Frishman, Wilbert S Aronow
{"title":"Potential Therapeutic Benefits of Glucagon-Like-Peptide-1 Agonists and Atrial Fibrillation.","authors":"Hall Zhang, Victoria Maksymiuk, William H Frishman, Wilbert S Aronow","doi":"10.1097/CRD.0000000000001003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/CRD.0000000000001003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) agonists, originally developed as a treatment for type 2 diabetes, have been increasingly shown to demonstrate benefits for patients within the realm of cardiovascular disease, such as patients with obesity and congestive heart failure. As rates of patients with these conditions climb, the prevalence of atrial fibrillation, one of the world's most common arrhythmias, has also increased. The goal of this literature review is to examine what, if any, links GLP-1 agonists may have in preventing or treating atrial fibrillation. To date, a number of meta-analyses have been conducted studying potential relationships between GLP-1 agonists and atrial fibrillation, but there has yet to be a randomized controlled trial fully exploring GLP-1's effects on atrial fibrillation.</p>","PeriodicalId":9549,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology in Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144658521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Apolipoprotein A-I Infusions in Coronary Artery Disease: A Systematic Review. 载脂蛋白A- i输注在冠状动脉疾病中的应用：系统综述。
IF 2 4区 医学
Cardiology in Review Pub Date : 2025-07-17 DOI: 10.1097/CRD.0000000000001002
Rimsha Ahmad, Syed Sadam Hussain, Saifullah Khan, Mahnoor Niaz, Mahesh Kumar, William Frishman, Wilbert S Aronow
{"title":"Apolipoprotein A-I Infusions in Coronary Artery Disease: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Rimsha Ahmad, Syed Sadam Hussain, Saifullah Khan, Mahnoor Niaz, Mahesh Kumar, William Frishman, Wilbert S Aronow","doi":"10.1097/CRD.0000000000001002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/CRD.0000000000001002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the leading cause of death globally. Apolipoprotein A-1 (apoA-1), the primary protein component of high-density lipoprotein (HDL), facilitates reverse cholesterol transport and has emerged as a potential therapeutic target. While pharmacologic efforts to raise HDL-C levels have failed to reduce cardiovascular events, focus has shifted to HDL functionality, particularly cholesterol efflux capacity (CEC). ApoA-1 infusions have demonstrated antiatherogenic effects in preclinical models and early human trials by enhancing CEC and promoting cholesterol clearance. This review summarizes the rationale and evolving clinical trial landscape investigating apoA-1 infusions as a novel therapy for CAD prevention and treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":9549,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology in Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144648669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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