Cardiology in Review最新文献

{"title":"The Heart of Depression: A Review of New-Onset Depression Following Cardiac Surgery.","authors":"Orli Socransky, Zo Friedman, David Gutterman, Amihay Shinfeld, David Koren, Jordan Rimon, Dinesh Kumbhare, Hance Clarke, P Maxwell Slepian, Ronnie Lidor, Liza Grosman-Rimon","doi":"10.1097/CRD.0000000000001447","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/CRD.0000000000001447","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Depression is common after cardiac surgery, affecting roughly one-quarter of patients. This review examines postoperative depression in cardiac surgery patients, integrating clinical, psychological, and physiological perspectives to understand how depression develops after surgery. In this review, we discuss how preoperative vulnerability, surgical stress, and recovery-related factors contribute to pathophysiological changes, functional outcomes, and mortality risk. These factors identify patients at highest risk and may allow a personalized approach to postoperative care in the management of postoperative depression.</p>","PeriodicalId":9549,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology in Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148839417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Myocardial Fibrosis in Pediatric Heart Disease: Mechanisms, Imaging Biomarkers, Clinical Consequences, and Emerging Antifibrotic Therapies.","authors":"Usama Asghar, Samra Choudhry, Mahwish Jabeen, Khadija Mubashir, Ayrass Zia, Mehwish Sadique, Muhammad Jawad Wakil, Laiba Munawar","doi":"10.1097/CRD.0000000000001450","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/CRD.0000000000001450","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Myocardial fibrosis is increasingly recognized as a central determinant of adverse cardiac remodeling and long-term cardiovascular outcomes in children with congenital and acquired heart disease. Once considered an irreversible consequence of chronic myocardial injury, fibrosis is now understood to represent a dynamic biological process driven by persistent inflammation, neurohormonal activation, oxidative stress, and fibroblast-to-myofibroblast transformation. In pediatric populations, myocardial fibrosis develops across a wide spectrum of diseases including congenital heart disease, cardiomyopathies, myocarditis, pulmonary hypertension, and cancer therapy-related cardiotoxicity. Progressive accumulation of extracellular matrix disrupts myocardial architecture, impairs ventricular compliance, promotes electrical heterogeneity, and predisposes patients to ventricular dysfunction, arrhythmias, heart failure, and sudden cardiac death. Recent advances in cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging have revolutionized fibrosis assessment. Late gadolinium enhancement identifies focal replacement fibrosis, whereas native T1 mapping and extracellular volume quantification enable sensitive detection of diffuse interstitial fibrosis before overt ventricular dysfunction develops. Complementary echocardiographic techniques, circulating biomarkers, and emerging artificial intelligence-based imaging analyses further enhance early risk stratification. Although no pediatric-specific antifibrotic therapy currently exists, growing evidence suggests that modulation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, neprilysin inhibition, sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists, and novel anti-transforming growth factor-β strategies may attenuate myocardial remodeling in selected patients. This review summarizes contemporary mechanisms underlying pediatric myocardial fibrosis, highlights advances in imaging biomarkers, discusses clinical implications across major pediatric cardiovascular diseases, and explores emerging antifibrotic therapies that may redefine future management.</p>","PeriodicalId":9549,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology in Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148839394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adjunctive Corticosteroid Therapy in Kawasaki Disease: A Meta-Analysis and Trial Sequential Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.","authors":"Abbas Khan, Syed Wajihullah Shah, Sundus Huma, Rimsha Adnan, Muhammad Yahya, Abuzar Khan, Wara Adnan, Usama Habib, Ilsa Khan, Moeen Ikram, Muhammad Awais, Ubaid Ullah, Muhammad Hasnain Mankani, Amal Mahmood, Fahd Niaz Shaikh, Taimor Mohammed Khan, Syed Musa Mufarrih, Farid Ullah, Muhammad Aneeque Ijaz, Kashif Ullah, Mohammed Shaban, Mesrop Aleksanyan, Ayesha Zahid, Jibran Ikram, Aizaz Ali","doi":"10.1097/CRD.0000000000001443","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/CRD.0000000000001443","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Kawasaki disease is the leading cause of acquired heart disease in children, with coronary artery lesions (CALs) as its most serious complication. Although intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) is the standard first-line treatment, some patients develop IVIG resistance or persistent inflammation, increasing the risk of adverse outcomes. This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the efficacy and safety of adjunctive corticosteroid therapy in children with Kawasaki disease. PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane CENTRAL were searched through May 2026 for randomized controlled trials comparing IVIG plus corticosteroids with IVIG alone. Outcomes included CAL at approximately 4 weeks, need for additional IVIG therapy, duration of fever, and treatment-related adverse events. Six trials involving 3904 children were included. Compared with IVIG alone, adjunctive corticosteroid therapy significantly shortened fever duration and reduced the need for additional IVIG treatment. However, no significant differences were observed in the incidence of CAL or adverse events. Trial sequential analysis indicated that the available evidence for coronary outcomes remains insufficient, as the required information size has not yet been reached. These findings suggest that corticosteroids improve early clinical response and reduce treatment resistance in Kawasaki disease, but their role in preventing CALs remains uncertain and requires further large-scale randomized trials.</p>","PeriodicalId":9549,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology in Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148839419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transcatheter Atrial Shunting in Patients With Heart Failure: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Nikolaos Pyrpyris, Kyriakos Dimitriadis, Eirini Beneki, Eirini Dris, Panagiotis Iliakis, Angelos Papanikolaou, Dimitrios Klettas, Alexios Antonopoulos, Dimitrios Farmakis, Konstantinos Aznaouridis, Vasileios Kamperidis, Konstantina Aggeli, Konstantinos Tsioufis","doi":"10.1097/CRD.0000000000001444","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/CRD.0000000000001444","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Despite improvements in heart failure (HF) management, there is still a significant residual risk for adverse events in both trial and real-world settings. Transcatheter atrial shunting is a novel intervention aiming to restore normal hemodynamics and thus improve outcomes. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to evaluate its effect on functional, hemodynamic, and clinical outcomes. A systematic search was performed in 3 databases. Following study selection, a meta-analysis was performed. For continuous outcomes, the mean difference (MD) from baseline, along with the 95% confidence interval (95% CI), and, for dichotomous outcomes, the risk ratio (RR) and the respective 95% CI were calculated. A total of 12 studies and 1521 patients were included in the analysis. At a mean follow-up of 11.5 months, the 6-minute walking distance (MD: 39.29; 95% CI, 18.96-59.63) and the Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire score (MD: 19.71; 95% CI, 12.82-26.60) significantly increased. Atrial shunting significantly reduced resting (MD: -2.90; 95% CI, -4.10 to -1.70) and peak exercise pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (MD: -3.20; 95% CI, -5.14 to -1.26), while the mean right atrial pressure significantly increased (MD: 1.33; 95% CI, 0.73-1.92). No significant effect was found in all-cause mortality (RR: 1.27; 95% CI, 0.82-1.99), major adverse cardiovascular events (RR: 1.27; 95% CI, 0.36-4.45), or HF hospitalization (RR: 1.27; 95% CI, 0.36-4.45). In HF patients, atrial shunting provides significant improvement in exercise capacity, quality of life, and hemodynamics. The absence of clinical benefit necessitates further randomized studies focusing on specific phenotypes in order to optimize patient selection and prove clinical effect.</p>","PeriodicalId":9549,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology in Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148839429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Safety and Efficacy of Biodegradable and Durable Polymer Drug-Eluting Stents in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Updated Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Hamdia Gul Aslam, Hamza Sajid, Sarah Azhar, Eesha Zainab, Muhammad Sameer Khalid, Hamza Yousuf Ibrahim","doi":"10.1097/CRD.0000000000001439","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/CRD.0000000000001439","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Biodegradable-polymer drug-eluting stents (BP-DES) were designed to limit the chronic vessel inflammation and delayed healing linked to durable-polymer stents (DP-DES), but whether this translates into a real safety or efficacy advantage in acute coronary syndrome (ACS), a population with heightened thrombotic risk, remains unclear, especially over longer follow-up. We searched PubMed, Cochrane, and ClinicalTrials.gov through September 2025 for randomized controlled trials comparing BP-DES and second-generation DP-DES in ACS patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention. A random-effects model was used to pool risk ratios (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs), with major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) as the primary outcome. Ten RCTs (11 publications; 10,130 patients; follow-up 6 months to 5 years) met inclusion criteria. MACE did not differ significantly between groups (RR 0.93, 95% CI 0.70-1.24). No significant differences were found for target vessel or lesion revascularization, target lesion failure, all-cause or cardiac death, target-vessel myocardial infarction, stent thrombosis, or stroke, with low-to-no heterogeneity across most endpoints. In ACS patients undergoing PCI, BP-DES and contemporary DP-DES demonstrate comparable long-term safety and efficacy across all major outcomes. The theoretical benefit of polymer biodegradability does not appear to translate into measurable clinical advantage, likely because modern biocompatible durable-polymer platforms have already addressed the inflammatory mechanisms BP-DES were designed to overcome. Both stent types remain suitable options for revascularization in this high-risk population, and larger, platform-specific trials with extended follow-up are warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":9549,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology in Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148839405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patent Ductus Arteriosus.","authors":"Rithvik Swamynathan, Lucas Dolan, William H Frishman, Wilbert S Aronow","doi":"10.1097/CRD.0000000000001456","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/CRD.0000000000001456","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is a common congenital heart defect. PDA disproportionately affects low-birth-weight infants, resulting in an incidence of 21% among preterm births as compared to 0.05% in the general population. The ductus arteriosus remains patent in the fetus, allowing maternal blood to directly enter fetal systemic circulation, bypassing the fetal lungs. This is mediated through the mechanisms of nitric oxide and prostaglandins. At birth, increased partial pressure and decreased prostaglandin levels facilitate functional closure of the ductus arteriosus. Further migration of contractile smooth muscle cells and tissue remodeling results in fibrosis and anatomical closure of the ductus. Underdevelopment of contractile smooth muscle cells, the intimal layer in blood vessels, and vasa vasorum have been theorized as the mechanisms behind PDA in preterm-birth neonates. PDA creates a left-to-right shunt, sending oxygenated blood from the aorta to the lungs via the pulmonary artery, often manifesting with symptoms of pulmonary hypertension and edema. As the symptoms progress, the shunt is often reversed, resulting in cyanosis in a condition known as Eisenmenger syndrome. While most affected patients present with distinguishing clinical findings, many also remain asymptomatic, and the defect goes undetected for years.</p>","PeriodicalId":9549,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology in Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148839427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prognostic Value of Strain Imaging Measurements in Patients with Non-ischemic Cardiomyopathy: A Scoping Review.","authors":"Dina Mohammed, Humza Saeed, Abdallah Rayyan, Samia Sulaiman, Hassan Kawtharany, Mohammed Al-Sadawi","doi":"10.1097/CRD.0000000000001410","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/CRD.0000000000001410","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nonischemic cardiomyopathy (NICM) carries significant morbidity and mortality. While left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) remains central to risk stratification, it may not fully capture the extent of myocardial impairment, and strain imaging can provide independent prognostic information beyond LVEF alone. Myocardial strain imaging may provide additional prognostic value, but its role in NICM remains incompletely defined. This scoping review, conducted per PRISMA-ScR guidelines, searched PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library from inception through October 25, 2025, to identify studies evaluating myocardial strain parameters, specifically left ventricular global longitudinal strain (LVGLS), left ventricular global circumferential strain, left ventricular global radial strain, and right ventricular global longitudinal strain, in adult NICM populations using speckle-tracking echocardiography or cardiac magnetic resonance feature tracking. Data were extracted by 2 independent reviewers and synthesized descriptively. From 1356 records, 36 studies (7903 patients) were included, with follow-up ranging from 9 months to 7.8 years. LVGLS was the most frequently assessed parameter. Across 21 studies evaluating major adverse cardiovascular events, worse baseline strain values were consistently associated with increased risk (hazard ratios 1.06-2.70 per unit decrease in strain magnitude). Two studies reported significant associations with ventricular arrhythmias, and 4 showed that more favorable baseline strain predicted a higher likelihood of left ventricular reverse remodeling. Strain parameters, particularly LVGLS, remained independently associated with outcomes in 34 of 36 studies after multivariable adjustment, often providing incremental value beyond LVEF and late gadolinium enhancement. These findings support strain imaging, especially LVGLS, as an adjunct to conventional risk stratification in diverse NICM populations. Standardized, multicenter prospective studies are needed to establish its role in clinical decision-making.</p>","PeriodicalId":9549,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology in Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148825391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coronary Microvascular Disease in Heart Failure With Preserved Systolic Function: Pathogenic Mechanisms and Therapeutic Options-A Narrative Review.","authors":"Shijun Li","doi":"10.1097/CRD.0000000000001442","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/CRD.0000000000001442","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction accounts for approximately half of all heart failure cases globally and is associated with substantial morbidity and mortality. Coronary microvascular disease has emerged as a critical and highly prevalent comorbidity in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, affecting up to 75% of patients in the absence of obstructive epicardial coronary artery disease. Coronary microvascular disease is characterized by impaired vasodilation or enhanced vasoconstriction of the coronary microcirculation through both endothelial-dependent and endothelial-independent mechanisms. This review synthesizes contemporary evidence on the epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnostic approaches, prognostic implications, and therapeutic strategies for coronary microvascular disease in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. The pathophysiological overlap between these two conditions is substantial, involving shared inflammatory pathways, oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction, microvascular rarefaction, and mitochondrial impairment. Although a direct causal relationship remains to be definitively established, coronary microvascular disease-heart failure with preserved ejection fraction is increasingly recognized as a distinct endotype with unique therapeutic implications. Emerging evidence supports the role of lifestyle interventions, guideline-directed medical therapy, sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors, and novel investigational approaches in targeting the microvasculature to improve outcomes in this patient population.</p>","PeriodicalId":9549,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology in Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148825400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"\"Heart in a Box,\" a Novel Organ Care System for Heart Transplantation.","authors":"Mohammed Kallash, William H Frishman","doi":"10.1097/CRD.0000000000001441","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/CRD.0000000000001441","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>As the global burden of heart failure continues to rise, heart transplantation-the only definitive therapy for heart failure-has become a major focus of clinical research aimed at increasing the availability of suitable donor allografts. Historically, heart transplantation has been limited to the availability of hearts obtained from donors after brain death within relatively short distances. The TransMedics Organ Care System (OCS) Heart is a novel technology that allows for portable extracorporeal nonischemic perfusion of the heart after the circulatory death of the donor. Often referred to as \"Heart in a Box,\" the OCS Heart is a potential major advancement in heart transplantation because of its ability to preserve the heart in a metabolically active state after the circulatory death of the donor, allowing for longer-distance transport compared to traditional cold storage methods. Numerous randomized controlled trials studying the efficacy of the OCS Heart technology from donors after circulatory death compared to traditional cold storage methods from donors after brain death demonstrated noninferiority. By allowing for preservation after circulatory death and for longer transport times, the OCS Heart can potentially significantly expand the donor pool and increase the number of heart transplants. The major limitations of its use include the expensive costs of operation, the increased level of training required for personnel, and the risk of technological malfunctions compared to traditional cold storage methods. Nevertheless, the OCS Heart is poised as a critical development in the field of heart transplantation, with an expectation that adoption rates for its use will increase in the coming years.</p>","PeriodicalId":9549,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology in Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148825429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Machine Learning Models for Predicting Permanent Pacemaker Implantation After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement: A Scoping Review.","authors":"Yazan Saleh, Muhammad Afridi, Michael Blackledge, Alexandra Phaneuf, Adham El Sherbini, Amr El-Wakeel, Mohammad El Diasty","doi":"10.1097/CRD.0000000000001428","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/CRD.0000000000001428","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Permanent pacemaker (PPM) implantation has been reported in up to 26% of patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). Machine learning (ML) models have increasingly been developed to predict the need for PPM after TAVR, offering the potential to improve preprocedural risk stratification and optimize perioperative management. We conducted a systematic literature search of MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Central, ClinicalTrials.gov, and Google Scholar to identify primary studies evaluating ML models for predicting PPM implantation following TAVR. Data extracted included study characteristics, ML methodologies, predictor variables, and model performance metrics. Seven studies comprising 4528 patients who underwent TAVR met the inclusion criteria. The evaluated TAVR devices included balloon-expandable, self-expandable, and mechanically expandable Lotus valves. The incidence of PPM implantation ranged from 14% to 41.7%. ML approaches included random forest, gradient boosting, neural networks, support vector machines, and logistic regression. Predictive performance varied across studies, with area under the receiver operating characteristic curve values ranging from 0.61 to 0.92. Frequently identified predictors of PPM implantation included prosthetic valve size, preprocedural right bundle branch block, atrioventricular block, leaflet calcification, larger left ventricular outflow tract diameter, prior aortic valve interventions, and use of self-expanding valves. Overall, ML models demonstrate promising predictive capability for identifying patients at risk of requiring PPM after TAVR, although model performance remains inconsistent across studies. Further external validation, standardization of model development, and prospective evaluation are needed before these tools can be confidently incorporated into routine clinical decision-making and risk stratification following TAVR.</p>","PeriodicalId":9549,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology in Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148817537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}