Bulletin of the World Health Organization最新文献

{"title":"Insurance companies, climate and health justice.","authors":"Hiroaki Matsuura, Takefumi Ueno","doi":"10.2471/BLT.25.294116","DOIUrl":"10.2471/BLT.25.294116","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9465,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the World Health Organization","volume":"104 3","pages":"200-202"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12947137/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147324692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Public health round-up.","authors":"","doi":"10.2471/BLT.26.010326","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2471/BLT.26.010326","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9465,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the World Health Organization","volume":"104 3","pages":"141-142"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12947222/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147324726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alejandro Daly: bridging the gap between climate and health.","authors":"","doi":"10.2471/BLT.26.030326","DOIUrl":"10.2471/BLT.26.030326","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Alejandro Daly speaks with Gary Humphreys about raising awareness of air quality, engaging young people in the climate and health conversation, and addressing the ethical dimensions of climate research.</p>","PeriodicalId":9465,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the World Health Organization","volume":"104 3","pages":"143-144"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12947230/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147324738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An ethical basis for research into health and climate change.","authors":"Katharine Wright, Katherine Littler","doi":"10.2471/BLT.26.295838","DOIUrl":"10.2471/BLT.26.295838","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9465,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the World Health Organization","volume":"104 3","pages":"138-138A"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12947211/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147324753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Participatory research and community engagement in climate and health research.","authors":"Yasna Palmeiro-Silva, Admire Nyamwanza, Anh Ngoc Vu","doi":"10.2471/BLT.25.294164","DOIUrl":"10.2471/BLT.25.294164","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9465,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the World Health Organization","volume":"104 3","pages":"206-208"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12947197/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147324765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Flood preparedness and public health policy, Greece.","authors":"Varvara A Mouchtouri, Zacharoula Bogogiannidou, Ioanna Voulgaridi, Maria Kyritsi, Sotirios Vasileiadis, Athanasios G Lianos, Christos Kontos, Vasileios Nakoulas, Efthymia Petinaki, Kassiani Mellou, Kassiani Gkolfinopoulou, Theologia Sideroglou, Danai Pervanidou, Antonios Michaelakis, Eleni Patsoula, Annita Vakali, George Koliopoulos, Nikos T Papadopoulos, John Vontas, Georgia D Mandilara, Maria Tseroni, Dimitrios Paraskevis, Kyriaki Tryfinopoulou, Ioanna Spiliopoulou, Georgios Dougas, Eva Aggelouli, Dionysia Mintza, Fani Miskaki, Lemonia Anagnostopoulos, Fani Kalala, Matthaios Speletas, Dimitrios Hatzigeorgiou, Eirini Agapidaki, Christos Hadjichristodoulou","doi":"10.2471/BLT.25.293793","DOIUrl":"10.2471/BLT.25.293793","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Floods are among the most frequent and complex climate-related hazards, affecting health and health systems through infectious disease risks, water and chemical contamination, and disruption of essential services. Examining how international guidance reflects the operational realities of flood response, and how it supports countries in practice, is essential. While each event is unique, sharing experiences can strengthen preparedness and resilience. This paper draws lessons from an assessment of the response measures used during the 2023 floods in Greece. The coordination team rapidly adapted existing structures for infectious disease surveillance, vaccination and water quality monitoring to an emergency response of exceptional scale. To track flood-related diseases, the coordination team reconfigured syndromic surveillance tools initially designed for refugee camps, and compared proportional morbidity with baseline data to provide early warnings. The team also implemented multiplex polymerase chain reaction diagnostics and mobile vaccination campaigns targeting high-risk groups. Risk communication and community outreach combined repurposed materials with new flood-specific guidance. While there were no outbreaks of gastroenteritis, respiratory infections or mosquito-borne diseases, 45 leptospirosis cases and one fatal non-toxigenic <i>Vibrio cholerae</i> infection highlighted the need for sustained vigilance. The lessons learnt indicate that preparedness relies on flexible adaptation of existing systems, cross-governmental coordination and active community engagement. Gaps in global and regional guidance, especially regarding laboratory diagnosis, safe water restoration and chemical safety monitoring, complicate field decision-making. Strengthening international frameworks, embedding flood preparedness within climate adaptation strategies and applying One Health approaches are therefore critical to ensure health system resilience as flood events become increasingly frequent and severe.</p>","PeriodicalId":9465,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the World Health Organization","volume":"104 3","pages":"175-183"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12947193/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147324759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tuberculosis notifications among children and young adolescents, 2008-2019 compared to 2020-2023, Brazil.","authors":"Antônio Candido Paiva Figueiredo Dos Santos, Daniele Maria Pelissari, Marcos Otávio Brum-Antunes, Luiz Henrique Arroyo, Eduardo de Souza Alves, Renato T Stein, Leonardo Araújo Pinto, Fernanda Dockhorn, Costa, Frederico Friedrich, Marcelo Comerlato Scotta","doi":"10.2471/BLT.25.293446","DOIUrl":"10.2471/BLT.25.293446","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on tuberculosis-related notifications and mortality in Brazilian children and young adolescents aged 0-14 years.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted an ecological study using interrupted time series analysis with data from DATASUS, a nationwide open-access database of the Brazilian health ministry. We compared the notification rates of overall active tuberculosis, laboratory-confirmed tuberculosis, miliary and meningeal tuberculosis and tuberculosis-related deaths between the pre-pandemic (January 2008 to February 2020) and post-pandemic (January 2022 to December 2023) periods.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>Between 2008 and 2023, 43 216 tuberculosis notifications were recorded among children and young adolescents. The average annual notification rate per 100 000 population rose from 5.75 pre-pandemic to 8.37 post-pandemic, a 45.6% increase. Children younger than 1 year consistently had the highest rates. Laboratory-confirmed tuberculosis notifications totalled 12 557, with rates increasing from 1.55 per 100 000 pre-pandemic to 3.01 per 100 000 post-pandemic (94.2% increase). The average annual notification rate for miliary and meningeal tuberculosis increased from 0.22 to 0.29 per 100 000 (31.8%), and for tuberculosis-related deaths from 0.09 to 0.14 per 100 000 (55.6%). In 2023, laboratory-confirmed tuberculosis and miliary and meningeal forms had the highest rates (3.37 and 0.33 per 100 000, respectively), while deaths were the second highest on record (0.15 per 100 000).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>COVID-19 disruptions to tuberculosis services led to increased tuberculosis notification rates among Brazilian children and adolescents after the pandemic, due to higher transmission following a period of underdiagnosis. This setback hinders progress towards the End TB Strategy goals.</p>","PeriodicalId":9465,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the World Health Organization","volume":"104 3","pages":"145-154"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12947215/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147324680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Justice and responsibility in climate change adaptation research.","authors":"Kyle Ferguson, Caesar Alimsinya Atuire, Sonali Shukla McDermid, Rajesh Vedanthan","doi":"10.2471/BLT.25.294163","DOIUrl":"10.2471/BLT.25.294163","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We address an ethical challenge in climate change adaptation and global health research. The challenge stems from two pairs of intuitions about justice and responsibility in climate change and health. One pair assigns responsibility for adaptation research to high-income countries given their historical emissions, disproportionate share of resources and capacity to intervene. The other pair assigns responsibility to low- and middle-income countries given their agency, right to self-determination, local authority and legitimacy, and disproportionate burden of climate and health risks. The intuitions create conflicting views: obligation and assistance pull in one direction, and agency and authority pull in another. To resolve the tension, we distinguish two forms of responsibility: (i) adaptation-enabling responsibilities; and (ii) adaptation-enacting responsibilities. The resulting division of labour reflects different forms of justice and aligns with the principle of subsidiarity's core elements, namely: non-abandonment, non-absorption, and cooperation and coordination. We thus propose a framework that ascribes adaptation-enabling responsibilities to high-income countries, including adaptation financing, capacity-building and other forms of support; and adaptation-enacting responsibilities to low- and middle-income countries, including priority-setting in local adaptation research, and creation and implementation of their adaptation plans and policies. Our framework also suggests a third form of responsibility: shared adaptation responsibilities, which are jointly assigned to high-income countries, low- and middle-income countries and agents at multiple levels within them. We conclude that genuine collaboration in adaptation research, where high-income countries enable without dominating and low- and middle-income countries act without being abandoned, will be essential for just and effective adaptation to climate change.</p>","PeriodicalId":9465,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the World Health Organization","volume":"104 3","pages":"184-193"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12947229/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147324728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Policy options on a sustainable path for clinical trials.","authors":"Gabrielle Samuel","doi":"10.2471/BLT.26.295840","DOIUrl":"10.2471/BLT.26.295840","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9465,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the World Health Organization","volume":"104 3","pages":"139-139A"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12947179/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147324741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantification and reduction of the health sector's environmental impact.","authors":"Rachel Lisa King, Petra Mariaria, Anais Mennecier, Nicolas Nagot, Rosalind Parkes-Ratanshi","doi":"10.2471/BLT.25.294153","DOIUrl":"10.2471/BLT.25.294153","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9465,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the World Health Organization","volume":"104 3","pages":"203-205"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12947154/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147324731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}