Cancer reports最新文献

{"title":"Integrated Transcriptomic Analysis Identifies ENO3 as a Candidate Lactate Metabolism-Associated Biomarker in Colorectal Cancer Metastasis.","authors":"Jiahao Qian, Miaomiao Wang, Jiaqi Liu, Meiling Gao","doi":"10.1002/cnr2.70723","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cnr2.70723","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>Metastasis is the primary cause of mortality in colorectal cancer (CRC), a leading global malignancy. Although metabolic reprogramming is a hallmark of cancer, the stage-associated transcriptional features of metabolic pathways during CRC progression remain incompletely understood. This study aimed to characterize transcriptionally inferred metabolic heterogeneity during CRC progression and identify candidate molecular factors associated with metastasis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We performed an integrated transcriptomic analysis using TCGA and GEO datasets and compared metabolic pathway signatures across normal tissues, primary tumors, and metastatic lesions. An exploratory tumor lactate metabolism score (TLMS) was developed using Cox regression and LASSO analysis. Consensus clustering identified metabolic subtypes, and their associations with computationally estimated immune-cell signatures were assessed. The functional consequences of ENO3 loss were preliminarily evaluated using CRISPR/Cas9 knockout, cell proliferation assays, and an NSG tail-vein experimental lung colonization model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We observed a stage-associated reversal-like transcriptional pattern: primary tumors showed broad suppression of metabolic pathway signatures relative to normal tissues, whereas metastatic lesions showed reactivation of several signatures, including the pentose phosphate pathway. A six-gene lactate metabolism-related signature stratified patients into prognostic groups within the TCGA cohort. The high-risk group showed higher ssGSEA-inferred neutrophil abundance and enrichment of a neutrophil extracellular trap (NET)-associated transcriptional signature. ENO3 expression was associated with poor outcome, while ENO3 knockout reduced MC38 cell proliferation and experimental lung colonization in NSG mice.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>CRC progression is accompanied by stage-associated changes in transcriptomically inferred metabolic programs. TLMS and ENO3 represent exploratory candidate biomarkers that require independent clinical validation and further mechanistic investigation, particularly with respect to lactate metabolism and the tumor immune microenvironment.</p>","PeriodicalId":9440,"journal":{"name":"Cancer reports","volume":"9 10","pages":"e70723"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13655375/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149165334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Regulation of ER Stress-Associated Gene Expression by Lifeguard in Human Breast Cancer Cells","authors":"Inga Nebel,&nbsp;Sarah Strauß,&nbsp;Frederik Schlottmann,&nbsp;Lena Maria Herrmann,&nbsp;Peter M. Vogt,&nbsp;Vesna Bucan","doi":"10.1002/cnr2.70687","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cnr2.70687","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Despite significant advances in breast cancer therapy, resistance to apoptosis remains a major obstacle to successful treatment. Lifeguard (LFG), an antiapoptotic membrane protein, has been implicated in breast cancer progression; however, its role in endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-associated molecular responses and apoptosis-related gene regulation remains incompletely understood.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aimed to investigate molecular changes associated with LFG-targeted siRNA treatment and reduced LFG mRNA expression in human breast cancer cells.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods and Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The triple-negative breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 and the non-tumorigenic mammary epithelial cell line MCF10A were transfected with LFG-specific siRNA. LFG mRNA expression was analyzed by quantitative RT-PCR. Furthermore, ER stress- and apoptosis-related gene expression was examined using an RT² Profiler PCR Array, and intracellular calcium-associated fluorescence was assessed by fluorescence-based calcium imaging. LFG mRNA expression was markedly reduced following LFG-specific siRNA treatment in MDA-MB-231 cells, whereas a more moderate reduction was observed in MCF10A cells. LFG-targeted siRNA treatment was associated with altered intracellular calcium-associated fluorescence and differential expression of several ER stress- and apoptosis-related genes, including upregulation of CREB3L3, SREBF1, and INHBE, as well as downregulation of EDEM1, HSPA2, and RRM2.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>These findings demonstrate that LFG-targeted siRNA treatment and reduced LFG mRNA expression are associated with changes in intracellular calcium-related responses and ER stress- and apoptosis-associated gene expression, particularly in MDA-MB-231 cells. Further studies are required to determine the underlying mechanisms and establish the functional role of LFG in these cellular responses.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9440,"journal":{"name":"Cancer reports","volume":"9 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cnr2.70687","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149083950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Markers of Vulnerability for Bleeding in Men With Prostate Cancer and Antithrombotic Treatment.","authors":"Linda Björkhem-Bergman, Christel Hedman, Máté Szilcz, Gabriella Frisk","doi":"10.1002/cnr2.70720","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cnr2.70720","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Men with prostate cancer have a high risk for bleeding when treated with antithrombotics. The aim of this study was to investigate clinical markers for vulnerability for bleeding in these men the last year of life.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a retrospective study on deceased patients with advanced prostate cancer admitted to specialized palliative care and treated with antithrombotics the last year of life. Relative risk (RR) was calculated with log-binomial models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 100 men with end-stage prostate cancer, 64 men were treated with antithrombotics. Twenty-four of these (37.5%) suffered from bleeding during the last year of life. Clinical markers associated with an increased vulnerability for bleeding were need of blood transfusion, RR 3.15 (95% CI: 1.34-7.39); low thrombocyte count, RR 2.41 (95% CI: 1.39-4.16); and deep venous thrombosis treatment, RR 2.44 (95% CI: 1.21-4.94). Age, type of antithrombotic, use of steroids, or NSAID were not risk factors. In 50%, antithrombotic treatment continued during the last week in life.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Antithrombotic treatment the last year of life is associated with a high risk of bleeding in men with prostate cancer. Clinical markers associated with increased vulnerability for bleeding are low thrombocyte count and need of transfusions.</p>","PeriodicalId":9440,"journal":{"name":"Cancer reports","volume":"9 10","pages":"e70720"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13659391/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149165450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"GPR68 Inhibition Induces Ferroptosis in Atypical Teratoid Rhabdoid Tumors.","authors":"Leif R Neitzel, Charles C Hong","doi":"10.1002/cnr2.70719","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cnr2.70719","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumors (ATRTs) are aggressive pediatric CNS malignancies with < 30% 5-year survival despite multimodal therapy. No prior studies have explored ferroptosis induction in ATRT.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>To determine whether GPR68 inhibition by ogremorphin (OGM) induces ATF4-dependent ferroptosis in ATRT cell lines and whether SLC7A11 blockade (erastin, ERA) confers similar sensitivity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>CHLA-02-ATRT and CHLA-06-ATRT cell lines were treated with OGM or ERA. Viability (CellTiter-Glo), GSH levels (GSH-Glo), lipid peroxidation (BODIPY 581/591 C11), and gene expression (qRT-PCR: ATF4, HMOX1, SLC7A11, TFRC) were assessed. Genetic validation used GPR68/ATF4 shRNA, overexpression, and an ATF4 luciferase reporter.</p><p><strong>Statistics: </strong>Student's t-test with Bonferroni correction (R 4.4.0).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both cell lines were sensitive to OGM- and ERA-induced ferroptosis, with CHLA-02-ATRT significantly more responsive to OGM than ERA. OGM/ERA depleted GSH, increased lipid peroxidation, and upregulated ATF4, HMOX1, and SLC7A11 mRNA expression. OGM induced TFRC in both cell lines; high-dose ERA upregulated TFRC in CHLA-02-ATRT only. GPR68 knockdown reduced viability, while overexpression or Ogerin increased proliferation. OGM activated ATF4 transcription, and ATF4 overexpression decreased cell survival. ATF4 knockdown rescued OGM-treated cells.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>GPR68 inhibition triggers ATF4-dependent ferroptosis in ATRT. SLC7A11 blockade by ERA paralleled the effects of ferroptosis by OGM. These data establish a novel therapeutic strategy with strong translational potential.</p>","PeriodicalId":9440,"journal":{"name":"Cancer reports","volume":"9 10","pages":"e70719"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13675351/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149206545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to \"Multi-Omics Integration Identifies a Five-Gene Metabolic Signature With Experimental Validation in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma\".","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/cnr2.70724","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cnr2.70724","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9440,"journal":{"name":"Cancer reports","volume":"9 10","pages":"e70724"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149220000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Growth and Trends in Cancer-Induced Cachexia Research: A Bibliometric and AI-Guided Visualization Analysis","authors":"Thomas M. O'Connell,&nbsp;Radhika Gedela,&nbsp;Fabrizio Pin","doi":"10.1002/cnr2.70690","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cnr2.70690","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Background&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Over the past several decades, advances in basic and clinical research have increasingly established cancer-induced cachexia as a distinct pathophysiological syndrome that warrants targeted therapeutic approaches alongside conventional anticancer treatments. Despite its high prevalence and substantial impact on morbidity, mortality, and quality of life, the condition remains underrecognized and inadequately managed in clinical practice. Correspondingly, scientific activity in the field has expanded rapidly, spanning molecular mechanisms, clinical characterization, and emerging interventional strategies.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;This bibliometric analysis aims to provide a comprehensive, quantitative overview of evolving research in cancer-induced cachexia over the past 25 years. We conducted a bibliometric analysis of cancer cachexia research published between 2001 and 2025 using the Web of Science Core Collection. A total of 5775 English-language primary research articles were retrieved using the search terms “cancer AND cachexia,” and including papers in English of the types articles, letters, and proceedings papers. Data were analyzed using the &lt;i&gt;Bibliometrix&lt;/i&gt; R package and its web interface, BiblioShiny, to assess publication trends, author productivity, collaboration networks, and keyword co-occurrence. Additional visualizations were generated using the R programming language and AI-guided analyses to explore trends and bursts in the evolution of cachexia research.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Cancer cachexia publications increased at an annual rate of 6.7%, exceeding the overall growth rate of scientific literature. In terms of number of papers and citation indices, the Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle is the dominant journal in the field. Research is characterized by high levels of international collaboration, though research networks remain geographically clustered. Keywords were analyzed using co-occurrence networks to reveal specific connections and clusters of research topics. Trend analyses of keywords showed the progression of research in the areas of metabolism and the role of inflammatory mediators. Burst analysis revealed research “hotspots” over the last 25 years including studies of specific interventions such as immunotherapy, gastrointestinal cancers, and metabolic dysregulation.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Conclusions&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Cancer cachexia research has expanded significantly over the past two decades but remains limited in scale and ","PeriodicalId":9440,"journal":{"name":"Cancer reports","volume":"9 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cnr2.70690","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149083946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low-Dose Nivolumab in Various Cancers: A Real-World Exploratory Analysis in Resource-Constrained Settings.","authors":"Subhas Pandit, Simit Sapkota, Abish Adhikari, Jeebana Bhandari, Sunil Shrestha, Rajani Jha, Gerim Prasai, Anjani Kr Jha","doi":"10.1002/cnr2.70713","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cnr2.70713","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), including nivolumab, have significantly improved cancer care. However, due to high costs, there is a significant financial barrier to their widespread access. Emerging evidence shows biological plausibility as well as efficacy of low-dose nivolumab across different cancers.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>This exploratory study aims to investigate the clinical outcomes of low-dose nivolumab in cancer treatment to explore the potential to improve its access by reducing costs, especially in resource-limited settings.</p><p><strong>Methods and results: </strong>Data on patients with various malignancies treated with fixed 20 or 40 mg of nivolumab every 3 weeks were retrospectively analyzed. Response to the treatment, including the best objective response rate, best disease control rate, and adverse events, was reported. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to determine progression-free survival and overall survival. The patient cohort of 31 patients with various tumors received a median of 9 cycles (range, 2-20) of low-dose nivolumab therapy for 5.7 months (range, 0.7-17.1). Median follow-up was 8.6 months (95% CI, 7.1-12.9). Disease control was achieved in 21/31 (67.7%) patients, with the best objective response rate of 51.6%. The median progression-free survival was 8.8 months (95% CI, 6.6-not reached) and overall survival was 14.8 months (95% CI, 11.1-not reached). At the end of the study period, 3/31 patients had a radiologic complete response, 9/31 had a partial response, 4/31 had stable disease, and 6/31 had progressive disease, and 3/31 were not evaluable; 6 patients died during this period. The responses achieved were sustainable for a median of 4 months (range, 0.8-8.2). Only 5 patients developed adverse events of grade 2 or 3.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Low-dose nivolumab shows preliminary efficacy in resource-constrained settings. Further research should explore optimal dosing and scheduling for low-dose immunotherapy and evaluate its efficacy and safety through larger, homogeneous studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":9440,"journal":{"name":"Cancer reports","volume":"9 10","pages":"e70713"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149223358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metastatic Lung Adenocarcinoma to the Uterus Mimicking a Primary Uterine Malignancy: A Case Report.","authors":"Pengpeng Sun, Yue Wang","doi":"10.1002/cnr2.70706","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cnr2.70706","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Lung adenocarcinoma is the most prevalent subtype of non-small cell lung cancer and exhibits a high tendency for distant metastasis. However, uterine metastasis with synchronous multiorgan involvement is extremely rare and prone to misdiagnosis due to atypical clinical presentations. To date, fewer than 20 cases of lung adenocarcinoma metastasizing to the uterus have been documented globally, most of which present with typical gynecological symptoms, making our atypical case highly educational and complementary to existing clinical data.</p><p><strong>Case: </strong>Herein, we describe a 77-year-old postmenopausal female patient who initially presented with lumbago and dizziness without typical pulmonary or gynecological symptoms, with an ECOG performance status of 1. Imaging studies raised suspicion of a primary uterine malignancy, but pathological biopsy, immunohistochemistry, and genomic testing ultimately confirmed advanced lung adenocarcinoma with multiorgan metastases (uterus, lung, liver, bone). Molecular analysis identified an EGFR exon 21 p.L858R mutation, and the patient received palliative local radiotherapy combined with osimertinib targeted therapy. During treatment, the patient developed mild radiation-induced fatigue and slight myelosuppression, which were fully relieved after symptomatic supportive care, with no severe unexpected adverse events observed.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This case illustrates the atypical metastatic pattern of lung adenocarcinoma, underscores the pivotal role of pathological and immunohistochemical examinations in differentiating primary from metastatic tumors, and offers a reference for managing diagnostically challenging cases. Early and accurate diagnosis coupled with genomic-guided personalized therapy is critical for enhancing quality of life and prognosis in patients with advanced lung cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":9440,"journal":{"name":"Cancer reports","volume":"9 10","pages":"e70706"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13654651/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149164512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validation of the Amharic Version of the Full and Short Form of the Trust in Oncologist Scale Among Cervical Cancer Patient.","authors":"Sosina W Tilahun, Adiam Nega, Lealem Wagaw, Marij A Hillen, Adamu Addissie","doi":"10.1002/cnr2.70718","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cnr2.70718","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The Trust in Oncologist Scale (TiOS) is a tool used to measure cancer patients' self-reported trust in their oncologists. It has been validated in Dutch, English, Japanese, and Italian.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>This study aims to validate the Amharic version of the tool and develop its short form.</p><p><strong>Methods and results: </strong>A cross-sectional study design was employed among 197 cervical cancer patients at a tertiary teaching hospital in Ethiopia (February to April 2025). Internal consistency, convergent validity, and the structural validity of both the full scale and short form of the Amharic TiOS were tested. The Amharic TiOS mean score was 69.95 (±9.41, range 34-90), with a mean score of 3.89 (±0.52). Neither the four-factor nor the one-factor models fit the full scale. A unidimensional five-item solution emerged with two possible item sets: (1, 6, 15, 14, and 18) and (1, 3, 15, 14, and 18). To preserve content validity, the second set was selected. This five-item scale yielded a mean score of 4.01 (±0.57), strong internal consistency (α = 0.88), and significant correlations with time since diagnosis (r = 0.20, p < 0.05), perceived levels of shared decision-making (r = 0.38, p < 0.001), and health literacy (r = -0.32, p < 0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Unlike the full Amharic scale, the short form demonstrated acceptable psychometric properties and can be used to assess trust in both clinical practice and research settings among cervical cancer patients in Ethiopia.</p>","PeriodicalId":9440,"journal":{"name":"Cancer reports","volume":"9 10","pages":"e70718"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13658844/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149167280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New Primary and Secondary Prevention Measures for Cutaneous Melanoma: A Systematic Review","authors":"Maria Palau–del–Valle,&nbsp;Elena Bendala–Tufanisco,&nbsp;María Amparo López–Ruiz","doi":"10.1002/cnr2.70698","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cnr2.70698","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Background&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Cutaneous melanoma is the deadliest type of skin cancer, with increasing incidence and mortality rates. Therefore, primary and secondary prevention are of utmost importance.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Claims&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;The objective is to evaluate new recent evidence on primary and secondary prevention strategies for cutaneous melanoma.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Search of PubMed, Web of Science and EBSCOhost databases retrieved studies from February 2020 to January 2026, on prevention at both primary and secondary levels and that followed the PICO criteria selection process in the PRISMA method for a systematic review. Different assessment tools were used to evaluate methodological quality.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;A total of 404 citations were analysed, of which 24 studies met the inclusion criteria: 3 addressed primary prevention and 21 secondary prevention. Primary prevention found a possible chemopreventive agent and the possibility of a genetic control of the mechanisms of nevi fluctuation in life associated with height. The secondary prevention studies evaluated population-based screening strategies and emerging diagnostic tools, artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted tools included, and found a new wearable microneedle biosensor for in situ tyrosinase activity detection as a new approach for early cutaneous melanoma detection. It is clearly a limited primary prevention publication that shows poor new evidence for conclusions.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Conclusions&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Two new primary prevention approaches were identified, but both require further research before clinical implementation: aspirin as a potential chemoprotective agent and a possible genetic association between height and age-related nevus regression. Both require further study. Emerging diagnostic technologies, including AI-assisted tools and wearable biosensors for in situ tyrosinase detection, demonstrated high sensitivity but variable specificity, requiring further validation before routine clinical use. Population-based screening, patient education and risk-stratified surveillance improved early melanoma detection, particularly among high-risk populations. Most studies achieved moderate to high methodological quality, but diagnostic accuracy studies revealed some issues showing that require relevant improvements in diagnostic accuracy and standardization. The use of biomarkers is a promisi","PeriodicalId":9440,"journal":{"name":"Cancer reports","volume":"9 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cnr2.70698","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149083949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}