Cancer reports最新文献

{"title":"The Interplay of Chronic Stress and Cancer: Pathophysiology and Implications for Integrated Care","authors":"Joyeeta Talukdar,&nbsp; Megha,&nbsp;Hemant Choudhary,&nbsp;Sushma Bhatnagar,&nbsp;Anuja Pandit,&nbsp;Ashwani Kumar Mishra,&nbsp;Subhradip Karmakar,&nbsp;Pratap Sharan","doi":"10.1002/cnr2.70143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cnr2.70143","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Cancer-associated depression is a multifaceted condition that arises from the interplay of biological, psychological, and social factors in individuals diagnosed with cancer. Understanding this condition involves exploring how cancer and its treatments can precipitate depressive symptoms and the mechanisms behind this association. Chronic stress, inflammation, and immunological responses play a crucial role in the development of both cancer and depression. The objective of this review is to describe and synthesize information on the complex interactions between chronic stress, inflammation, immunological responses, and cancer development. Additionally, it aims to review existing evidence regarding mechanisms such as neurotransmitter imbalances, structural brain changes, and genetic predispositions as key contributors to depression in cancer patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Recent Findings</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A comprehensive literature search on Cancer-associated Depression was conducted in electronic databases, including APA PsycINFO, Medline, Google Scholar, Embase, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. The research focused on understanding the potential relationship between stress-induced depression and cancer by examining neurochemical, anatomical, immunological, genetic, and psychological changes. The findings revealed a compilation of both quantitative and qualitative studies on depression in cancer patients. Evidence suggested a potential link between cancer-induced stress and depression, with increased levels of proinflammatory cytokines (such as IL-6) and dysregulation of neurotransmitters, including serotonin, contributing to the onset of depression. Furthermore, studies indicated that antidepressants, along with psychological interventions, were effective in managing depression among cancer patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This narrative review provides insights into the importance of integrating oncology and mental health services to address the psychosocial needs of cancer patients. Future research should focus on the bidirectional interactions between stress and cancer, aiming to improve cancer care by incorporating mental health support. Addressing the mental health aspects of cancer treatment can significantly enhance patient outcomes and overall quality of life.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9440,"journal":{"name":"Cancer reports","volume":"8 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cnr2.70143","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144085209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Colorectal Cancer Risk Loci: Prognostic Factors for Clinical Outcomes? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","authors":"Chengmi Wu,&nbsp;Jingyi Zhou,&nbsp;Qian Wu,&nbsp;Shu Xu,&nbsp;Jie Jiang,&nbsp;Sha Li,&nbsp;Xuechen Chen","doi":"10.1002/cnr2.70230","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cnr2.70230","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Background&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) identified through genome-wide association studies (GWASs) on colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence are also shown as promising predictors of clinical outcomes in CRC patients. These genetic variants might help inform precision prognostic strategies by predicting disease progression, treatment response, and overall survival, thereby guiding more personalized treatment plans. However, conflicting evidence exists regarding their clinical relevance.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Aim&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;A systematic review and meta-analysis was performed to assess the potential of GWAS-identified SNPs in predicting CRC outcomes.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methods and Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;We conducted a comprehensive search of PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane databases up to 18 October 2024 for prospective studies that investigated the associations of CRC-related SNPs and polygenic risk scores (PRSs) built based on multiple SNPs with clinical outcomes. Quality of the included studies was assessed using the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale, and the heterogeneity was assessed by &lt;i&gt;I&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; index and Cochran's Q test. The final analysis included 22 studies with overall high quality and heterogeneity in several aspects (e.g., genetic models, ethnic background, and genetic signatures of CRC types). Among over 100 CRC risk-related loci, 12 SNPs were statistically associated with CRC clinical outcomes (mainly survival outcomes), which were replicated in multiple studies. Notably, rs9929218 and rs6983267, located in genes involved in processes of tumorigenesis, were linked to poor survival with hazard ratios (95% CIs) of 1.26 (1.12–1.42) under a recessive model and 1.33 (1.10–1.61) under an additive model, respectively, in the stratified analysis by genetic models. Besides, PRSs built based on survival-related SNPs were moderately associated with overall survival in CRC patients with hazard ratios exceeding 2.6 for each one-point increase in PRS.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Conclusions&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Individual genetic variants and PRSs are predictive of CRC survival, and might serve as potential factors for risk stratification, which could help develop personalized treatment and surveillance strategies for CRC patients. However, the potential for false positives and the significant heterogeneity among studies that cannot be fully addressed in the current analysis due to limited data require a cautious interpretation of these findings. Large-scale studies are warranted to further explor","PeriodicalId":9440,"journal":{"name":"Cancer reports","volume":"8 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cnr2.70230","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144085210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of Health-Promoting Lifestyle Behaviors on Gut Microbiota in Survivors of Hematological Cancer: A Scoping Review","authors":"Elham Samami,&nbsp;Angela Starkweather,&nbsp;Debra Lynch Kelly,&nbsp;Debra Lyon","doi":"10.1002/cnr2.70224","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cnr2.70224","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Purpose</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This scoping review aims to explore the relationship between health-promoting lifestyle behaviors and gut microbiota in survivors of hematological cancers, including leukemia, lymphoma, and multiple myeloma. Given the rising incidence of these malignancies and the associated treatment challenges, understanding how lifestyle factors influence gut health may provide insights into improving survivorship outcomes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We conducted a comprehensive search across multiple databases, including PubMed/Medline, CINAHL, and Scopus, following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR). The search strategy incorporated MeSH terms related to hematological cancers, health-promoting lifestyle behaviors, and gut microbiota. Inclusion criteria focused on primary research studies published in English that reported gut microbiota results in survivors of hematological cancers. A total of 1717 papers were initially identified, with 16 studies meeting the inclusion criteria after screening for relevance.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The review identified a significant association between health-promoting lifestyle behaviors, such as physical activity, nutrition, and stress management, and the composition and diversity of gut microbiota in cancer survivors. The findings suggest that engaging in these behaviors may enhance gut health, potentially mitigating treatment-related symptoms and improving overall quality of life. Notably, the studies highlighted the importance of tailored interventions that consider individual patient needs and preferences.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This scoping review underscores the critical role of health-promoting lifestyle behaviors in influencing gut microbiota among survivors of hematological cancers. Future research should focus on longitudinal studies to establish causal relationships and explore the mechanisms underlying these associations. By promoting healthy lifestyle choices, healthcare providers can enhance survivorship care and improve health outcomes for this population.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9440,"journal":{"name":"Cancer reports","volume":"8 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cnr2.70224","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143944715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Systematic Review of Immune Cell Roles in Breast Cancer Immunotherapy","authors":"Rui Li,&nbsp;Wei Lv,&nbsp;Dong Liang Wang,&nbsp;Na Chen","doi":"10.1002/cnr2.70217","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cnr2.70217","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Breast cancer (BC) is the most prevalent malignancy among women and is associated with high mortality and significant clinical challenges. Although conventional treatments such as surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy have significantly improved patient survival, their efficacy remains limited by severe side effects and treatment resistance. In recent years, advances in immunotherapy have underscored the pivotal role of immune cells in treating BC.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Recent Findings</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This systematic review summarizes the current knowledge on the roles of immune cells within the BC tumor microenvironment (TME), including their phenotypes, functions, and implications for immunotherapy. Following PRISMA guidelines, 71 studies published between 2010 and 2024 were analyzed. The results indicate that immune cell populations—such as tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), natural killer (NK) cells, dendritic cells (DCs), and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs)—are integral to tumor progression and therapeutic response. However, their functional heterogeneity and plasticity remain key obstacles to the development of effective and personalized immunotherapeutic strategies.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Further research is needed to clarify the mechanisms governing immune cell behavior within the BC TME and to advance precision immunotherapy. Such insights will lay the foundation for individualized treatment approaches, ultimately improving patient outcomes and quality of life (QoL).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9440,"journal":{"name":"Cancer reports","volume":"8 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cnr2.70217","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143939131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quercetin Induces Apoptosis Through Downregulating P4HA2 and Inhibiting the PI3K/Akt/mTOR Axis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells: An In Vitro Study","authors":"Junli Zhang,&nbsp;Jiayi Guo,&nbsp;Ying Qian,&nbsp;Lianchen Yu,&nbsp;Junrao Ma,&nbsp;Biao Gu,&nbsp;Weichun Tang,&nbsp;Yi Li,&nbsp;Hongwei Li,&nbsp;Wenjuan Wu","doi":"10.1002/cnr2.70220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cnr2.70220","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Quercetin is a natural product with multiple activities, which possesses a promising antitumor effect on malignancies. The involvement of proline 4-hydroxylase II (P4HA2) in collagen synthesis is crucial in the growth of tumor cells. Apoptosis is a programmed cell death requisite for the stability of the intracellular environment. However, the relationship between quercetin and cell apoptosis, as well as the impact of P4HA2 in this connection, has not yet been specified in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The present study used HCC cells to investigate how quercetin regulates P4HA2 and influences cell proliferation and apoptosis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods and Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The outcomes reveal that quercetin can impede the viability and growth of HCC cells and generate cell apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner. Additionally, quercetin prompts downregulation of P4HA2, leading to cell apoptosis in HCC cells, and knocking down P4HA2 can enhance this effect. Furthermore, we pretreated HCC cells with inhibitors (Z-VAD-FMK, LY294002) or activators (740Y-P) and found that the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway was occupied with quercetin-induced cell apoptosis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This investigation reveals that quercetin compels apoptosis in HCC cells by diminishing P4HA2 and restraining the PI3K/Akt/mTOR axis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9440,"journal":{"name":"Cancer reports","volume":"8 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cnr2.70220","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143930446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coexisting Lung Cancer and Pulmonary Tuberculosis: A Comprehensive Review From Incidence to Management","authors":"Wendi Zhou,&nbsp;Hongxu Lu,&nbsp;Jiamin Lin,&nbsp;Jialou Zhu,&nbsp;Jizhen Liang,&nbsp;Yalin Xie,&nbsp;Jinxing Hu,&nbsp;Ning Su","doi":"10.1002/cnr2.70213","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cnr2.70213","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Globally, infections account for 10% of new cancer cases, and cancer can compromise the immune system, increasing the risk of infections. With advances in cancer treatment, widespread use of immunotherapy, and prolonged survival of cancer patients, the coexistence of tuberculosis (TB) and cancer is becoming increasingly common in clinical settings.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This review aims to explore the interaction between tuberculosis (TB) and tumors, particularly lung cancer (LC), and to identify appropriate clinical management approaches.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>LC patients with a history of TB have higher adjusted risk ratios for both all-cause and cancer-specific 3-year mortality compared to those without a history of TB. TB may elevate the risk of developing tumors through mechanisms such as chronic inflammation, altered immune responses, and DNA damage. Conversely, cancer patients, whether due to the disease itself or immune dysfunction caused by anti-tumor treatments, may be more susceptible to TB. The coexistence of TB and tumors presents significant challenges in clinical management, making the development of treatment strategies and quality-of-life improvements crucial.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>There is a close relationship between TB and cancer, with TB potentially serving as a risk factor for cancer, and cancer influencing susceptibility to TB. Effective clinical management is essential to enhance treatment strategies and improve the quality of life for patients with both TB and cancer.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9440,"journal":{"name":"Cancer reports","volume":"8 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cnr2.70213","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143930447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hormone Receptor-Dependent Correlations Between Angiopoietins and VEGF-C in Primary Breast Cancer: Insights Into Lymphangiogenic Biomarkers","authors":"Vahid Montazeri,&nbsp;Parisa Varshosaz,&nbsp;Ashraf Fakhrjou,&nbsp;Saeed Pirouzpanah","doi":"10.1002/cnr2.70101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cnr2.70101","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Background&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Biomarkers of angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis have been explored in cancer prognostic models; however, their potential role in assessing local tumor invasiveness remains poorly understood.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Aims&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;This study aimed to evaluate the correlations of angiogenic biomarkers, specifically the angiopoietin (ANG)-Tie system and vascular endothelial growth factor-C (VEGF-C), with lymphangiogenesis and the related histopathological characteristics in Iranian women with breast cancer.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methods and Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;In this consecutive case series (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 149) from the Breast Cancer Risk and Lifestyle (BCRL) study, plasma levels of pro-angiogenic factors, including VEGF-C, ANGs, and Tie-2, were assessed using ELISA. Clinicopathological data were collected, excluding stage IV cases to focus on patients with localized disease. Axillary lymph node metastasis (ANLM), and vascular invasion (VI) were common in the study population, occurring in 61.5% and 77.6% of cases, respectively (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.01). Estrogen receptor-positive (ER&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;) tumors were observed in 89.1% of ANLM&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; participants, while human epidermal growth factor receptor-2-positive (HER-2&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;) tumors were identified in 22.8% of patients with ALNM. Plasma levels of ANG-1 (&lt;i&gt;r&lt;/i&gt; = 0.19) and VEGF-C (&lt;i&gt;r&lt;/i&gt; = 0.29) were positively correlated with the ALNM ratio (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.05). Multivariate analysis in patients with grade II tumors revealed significant inverse correlations between VEGF-C and angiogenic biomarkers, including ANG-2 (&lt;i&gt;β&lt;/i&gt; = −0.25), the ANG-2/Tie-2 ratio (&lt;i&gt;β&lt;/i&gt; = −0.28), and the (ANG-1 + ANG-2)/Tie-2 ratio (&lt;i&gt;β&lt;/i&gt; = −0.29) (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.05). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis indicated that ANG-2 could effectively assess ALNM status, with an optimal cutoff of 3.39 pg/mL, identifying ALNM in 66.0% of patients with low VEGF-C levels (95% CI: 0.54–0.78), increasing to 68.0% when combined with ANG-1 as the ANGs/Tie-2 ratio (95% CI: 0.56–0.80). In ER&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; tumors, high plasma ANG-2 levels were observed (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.05). Significantly higher levels of the (ANG-1 + ANG-2)/VEGF-C ratio were noted in patients with VI+ (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.05). Findings descriptively highlighted ER&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; status as a common characteristic in VI&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; and ALNM&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; tumors. In HER-2&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; patients, both ANG-1 and the (ANG-1 + ANG-2)/Tie-2 ratio showed inverse correlations with VEGF-C, while in ER&lt;sup&gt;−&lt;/sup&gt; breast cancer patients, ANG-2 was inversely correlated with VEGF-C.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":9440,"journal":{"name":"Cancer reports","volume":"8 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cnr2.70101","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143930410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Clinical Safety and Efficacy of Cytarabine and Daunorubicin Liposome (CPX-351) in Acute Myeloid Leukemia Patients: A Systematic Review","authors":"Abdulwahab M. Alzahrani,&nbsp;Mohammed A. Alnuhait,&nbsp;Tariq Alqahtani","doi":"10.1002/cnr2.70199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cnr2.70199","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is an aggressive blood cancer with a poor prognosis when treated using conventional chemotherapy. CPX-351, a liposomal formulation of cytarabine and daunorubicin, has demonstrated potential as a novel therapeutic strategy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This systematic review aims to evaluate the clinical safety and efficacy of CPX-351 compared to standard induction chemotherapy in patients with AML.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A systematic literature search was conducted using Web of Science, PubMed, Google Scholar, Ovid MEDLINE, and the Cochrane Library from 2011 to 2023. Overall, 14 clinical trials with more than 800 AML patients were included. Data on adverse events, survival outcomes, and response rates were extracted and analyzed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>CPX-351 exhibited an adverse event profile that was comparable to that of conventional chemotherapy. It resulted in complete remission rates of 18%–41% in relapsed/refractory AML patients. For newly diagnosed individuals, CPX-351 led to complete remission rates of 41%–58%, surpassing the 14%–40% associated with standard chemotherapy. Additionally, it extended overall survival by 3.6–5.7 months, with significant advantages noted in high-risk cytogenetics and secondary AML cases.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This review presents strong evidence supporting CPX-351 as a therapeutic alternative with superior efficacy and comparable safety to standard chemotherapy across diverse AML populations. This represents a breakthrough in therapy, with demonstrated efficacy in AML cases.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9440,"journal":{"name":"Cancer reports","volume":"8 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cnr2.70199","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143926132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Clonal Trajectory of Liver and Lung Metastases in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma","authors":"Ofer N. Gofrit,&nbsp;Ben Gofrit,&nbsp;Aron Popovtzer,&nbsp;Jacob Sosna,&nbsp;S. Nahum Goldberg","doi":"10.1002/cnr2.70228","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cnr2.70228","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Metastatic spread can follow either the linear route-dissemination of fully malignant cells from the primary tumor, or the parallel route-dissemination of immature tumor cells and independent maturation to metastases in target organs. The linear/parallel ratio (LPR) is a model that uses metastases diameter comparisons to decipher dissemination route. LPR of +1 suggests pure linear and −1 pure parallel spread.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To examine the metastases trajectory in pancreatic duct adenocarcinoma (PDAC).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods and Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 133 patients with PDAC, including 97 patients (72.9%) with synchronous and 36 (27.1%) with metachronous metastases with a total of 1054 lung and 2898 liver metastases, were evaluated. We found that metastatic spread to both liver and lungs is almost exclusively via the linear route (lungs median LPR + 1, interquartile range [IQR] 0.97,1. Liver median LPR + 0.98, IQR 0.83,1). Calculated from the primary diagnosis, overall survival (OS) of patients with metachronous metastases was significantly better compared to patients with synchronous disease (14 months, IQR 10,26, vs. 7 months, IQR 6,9, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001). However, calculated from the time of metastases diagnosis, OS of both groups was similar (4 months, IQR 3,8, vs. 7 months, IQR 6,9, <i>p</i> = 0.235).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>These two observations suggest that metastatic spread of PDAC is almost exclusively via the linear route, that is, directly from the primary tumor. Therefore, liver or lung metastases are already present in most patients with PDAC at the time of initial diagnosis. This suggests that local treatment in patients with seemingly localized disease does not decrease their risk of developing metastases and that systemic treatment must follow.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9440,"journal":{"name":"Cancer reports","volume":"8 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cnr2.70228","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143925810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Association Between Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Gastrointestinal Adenocarcinoma: Is This a New Syndrome in Patients With Cirrhosis? A Case Series","authors":"Fabrizio Bronte,&nbsp;Fabio D'Amato,&nbsp;Maria Rosa Barcellona,&nbsp;Giuseppe Bronte,&nbsp;Giuseppe Malizia,&nbsp;Salvatore Ialuna,&nbsp;Giorgio Fusco,&nbsp;Francesco Verderame,&nbsp;Enrico Bronte,&nbsp;Maria Grazia Bavetta","doi":"10.1002/cnr2.70182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cnr2.70182","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This case series aimed to explore the occurrence of synchronous hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and gastrointestinal adenocarcinoma in cirrhotic patients and to propose a potential common pathogenic mechanism.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Cases</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We reviewed the available literature and retrospectively analyzed seven cases of cirrhotic patients with synchronous HCC and gastrointestinal adenocarcinoma (colon or gastric) identified in our center between March 2020 and June 2023. All patients underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy, abdominal ultrasound, computed tomography (CT) scan, and histological confirmation through biopsy or surgery.</p>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The mean age of the patients was 77.3 years (range 76–83), with five males and two females. Five patients had liver cirrhosis, and two had chronic hepatitis (one with HCV, one with MASLD). HCC was confirmed in all patients, with elevated alpha-fetoprotein levels (mean: 737.6 ng/mL). Colon adenocarcinoma was found in five patients, and gastric adenocarcinoma in one patient. Genetic and microsatellite instability analyses were performed in selected cases, revealing high microsatellite instability in one patient. We suggest that the Wnt/APC/β-catenin pathway might play a key role in the pathogenesis of both HCC and gastrointestinal malignancies.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Synchronous HCC and gastrointestinal adenocarcinoma may be increasingly identified due to prolonged survival in cirrhotic patients. Alterations in the Wnt/APC/β-catenin pathway could represent a shared pathogenic mechanism. Regular surveillance through ultrasound and endoscopy is essential for early diagnosis in this high-risk population. Future research is needed to confirm these findings and explore targeted treatments.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9440,"journal":{"name":"Cancer reports","volume":"8 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cnr2.70182","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143926133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}