Cancer reports最新文献

{"title":"Diagnosis and Management of Invasive Pleomorphic Lobular Carcinoma of the Breast: A Case Report and Comprehensive Review of Current Literature","authors":"Xiaoyu Sun,&nbsp;Yanze Liu,&nbsp;Mei Wu,&nbsp;Jiaqi Liu","doi":"10.1002/cnr2.70285","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cnr2.70285","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Invasive pleomorphic lobular carcinoma (IPLC) is a rare and aggressive variant of invasive lobular breast cancer, characterized by its distinct histological features and potential for metastatic spread. This case report aims to highlight the diagnostic challenges of IPLC, particularly regarding its imaging and pathological characteristics, and to review the latest treatment protocols.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Case Presentation</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A 43-year-old female presented with a painless right breast mass that had persisted for 4 months. The breast ultrasound and mammography did not provide an accurate assessment, whereas MRI indicated multiple abnormal signals throughout the right breast, classified as BI-RADS 4c. Surgical intervention and subsequent pathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of multifocal invasive pleomorphic lobular carcinoma with lymph node metastasis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>IPLC presents diagnostic challenges due to its rare and aggressive nature, requiring a high degree of clinical suspicion. This case underscores the importance of comprehensive imaging and pathological assessment for the accurate diagnosis and treatment of IPLC. The standard treatment involves modified radical mastectomy, lymph node dissection, and postoperative chemotherapy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9440,"journal":{"name":"Cancer reports","volume":"8 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cnr2.70285","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144688025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Site-Specific Mutations on KRAS, NRAS, and BRAF Corelate With the Frequency of ctDNA in Colorectal Cancer","authors":"Fumihiro Yoshimura,&nbsp;Yoichiro Yoshida,&nbsp;Teppei Yamada,&nbsp;Keita Tanaka,&nbsp;Takaomi Hayashi,&nbsp;Hideki Shimaoka,&nbsp;Ryohei Sakamoto,&nbsp;Naoya Aisu,&nbsp;Gumpei Yoshimatsu,&nbsp;Suguru Hasegawa","doi":"10.1002/cnr2.70292","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cnr2.70292","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Early prediction of metastatic risk after tumor resection for colorectal cancer (CRC) is critical to improve treatment outcomes. Although circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) is an important biomarker in CRC patients, positivity is variable because cutoff values for each gene have not been clearly established. When examining the mutant allele frequency (MAF) of a gene, the cutoff value is the same for the same gene, even if the mutation sites are different. In this study, we examined the relationship between MAF and the genetic mutation site and factors that influence the prediction of recurrence by ctDNA.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study included 422 CRC patients who underwent surgery. ctDNA was sampled from blood samples of 102 CRC patients with <i>KRAS, NRAS</i>, and <i>BRAF</i> mutations and analyzed using the digital polymerase chain reaction system. Preoperative, postoperative day 1, postoperative day 7, and postoperative day 30 MAF were examined for each gene mutation site.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Kruskal–Wallis test revealed significant differences in MAF between mutated codon sites at all MAF assessment times (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). The MAF values of <i>KRAS</i> codon 146 at all time points were significantly higher than for the other mutation sites. Steel-Dwass tests revealed <i>KRAS</i> codon 146 had significantly higher MAF values than <i>KRAS</i> codons 12 and 13 on all blood collection dates. Similarly, <i>BRAF</i> codon 600 had significantly higher MAF values than <i>KRAS</i> codon 12 on all blood collection dates.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study revealed that MAF values differed significantly depending on the site of mutation, even for the same gene. These results suggest that MAF cutoff values may need to be established for each gene mutation site.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9440,"journal":{"name":"Cancer reports","volume":"8 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cnr2.70292","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144681302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Male Breast Cancer Complicated With Leukocytosis Resembling Leukemia Reaction After Chemotherapy: A Case Report","authors":"Yanze Liu,&nbsp;Jiaqi Liu","doi":"10.1002/cnr2.70280","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cnr2.70280","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Male breast cancer (MBC) accounts for less than 1% of all cancers in men, with invasive ductal carcinoma being the most common type. The chemotherapy regimens used for MBC are similar to those for female breast cancer. However, the incidence of chemotherapy-induced complications such as leukocytosis resembling leukemia reaction is not well documented in MBC. This case highlights a rare complication in an MBC patient, induced by prophylactic PEG-rhG-CSF following chemotherapy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Case Presentation</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A 51-year-old male with left breast invasive ductal carcinoma underwent modified radical mastectomy. Postoperative pathology revealed high-risk features, and the patient received 8 cycles of chemotherapy with the ddAC-T regimen, followed by PEG-rhG-CSF for febrile neutropenia prevention. After the fifth chemotherapy cycle, the patient developed leukocytosis resembling leukemia reaction, characterized by a white blood cell count exceeding 50 × 10⁹/L, along with intermittent fever up to 42.5°C. The condition was attributed to the PEG-rhG-CSF administration, and the patient was treated with NSAIDs and dexamethasone. Leukocytosis resolved after adjusting the PEG-rhG-CSF dose.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Leukocytosis resembling leukemia reaction induced by PEG-rhG-CSF post-chemotherapy is a rare complication, particularly in MBC patients. This case underscores the importance of careful monitoring and differential diagnosis to avoid misdiagnosis and unnecessary interventions. Personalized treatment strategies and dose adjustments for PEG-rhG-CSF are crucial in managing this rare reaction, emphasizing the need for awareness and individualized care in MBC patients undergoing chemotherapy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9440,"journal":{"name":"Cancer reports","volume":"8 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cnr2.70280","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144673063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emerging Trends in Neoadjuvant Immunotherapy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Focus on Liver Transplant Candidates","authors":"Dongdong Yu,&nbsp;Hao Chen,&nbsp;Lidong Wang","doi":"10.1002/cnr2.70244","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cnr2.70244","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Immunotherapy has emerged as a promising neoadjuvant strategy for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), with growing evidence supporting its role in tumor downstaging and enabling radical resection. Liver transplantation remains a curative option for HCC, and the integration of neoadjuvant immunotherapy prior to transplantation holds potential to improve staging outcomes and reduce postoperative recurrence. However, this approach necessitates careful evaluation of transplant-related immunological risks, particularly the risk of allograft rejection.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Recent Findings</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Recent clinical trials have provided key data on the efficacy and safety of pre-transplant immunotherapy. These studies highlight the importance of patient selection and risk management strategies to optimize treatment outcomes. Novel immunotherapeutic approaches are being explored, with a focus on identifying patients most likely to benefit from neoadjuvant therapy prior to liver transplantation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This review synthesizes emerging trends in the use of neoadjuvant immunotherapy for HCC patients undergoing liver transplantation. While immunotherapy shows promise in enhancing staging success and reducing recurrence, careful consideration of immunological risks and patient-specific factors is essential. Future research should continue to evaluate the long-term benefits and safety of this approach, as well as refine strategies for patient selection and risk mitigation. The integration of immunotherapy into pre-transplant care may represent a transformative advancement in the treatment of HCC, provided these challenges are addressed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9440,"journal":{"name":"Cancer reports","volume":"8 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cnr2.70244","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144657736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Primary Mediastinal Germ Cell Tumor With Bone Marrow Infiltration: A Case Report and Literature Review","authors":"Patricia Rioja,&nbsp;Guillermo Valencia,&nbsp;Zaida Morante,&nbsp;Renier Cruz,&nbsp;Tatiana Vidaurre,&nbsp;Silvia Neciosup","doi":"10.1002/cnr2.70282","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cnr2.70282","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Bone marrow infiltration is a rare presentation in patients with extragonadal germinal cell tumors (EGGCTs). We report a case of primary mediastinal germ cell tumor presenting with bone marrow metastases.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Case Presentation</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A 28-year-old male patient was admitted to Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Neoplásicas with superior vena cava syndrome and a mediastinal mass accompanied by positive blood tumor markers for germinal cell tumor (GCT). In addition, he exhibited anemia and thrombocytopenia; therefore, bone marrow aspiration and biopsy were done and showed metastatic GCT cells. The patient started standard chemotherapy (bleomycin-etoposide-cisplatin) for 2 cycles; there was a reduction of serum tumor markers; however, the patient subsequently developed febrile neutropenia and severe pneumonia, resulting in death.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This case demonstrates an uncommon presentation of EGGCT with bone marrow metastases. Early detection of this presentation will help to reduce the tumor burden and the mortality associated with it.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9440,"journal":{"name":"Cancer reports","volume":"8 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cnr2.70282","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144657655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Progression of IgM Monoclonal Gammopathy of Renal Significance (MGRS) to Symptomatic Waldenström Macroglobulinemia: A Case Report","authors":"Kenichi Ito,&nbsp;Hiroaki Shimoyamada,&nbsp;Kazuhiko Hirano,&nbsp;Naohiro Sekiguchi","doi":"10.1002/cnr2.70281","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cnr2.70281","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Monoclonal gammopathy of renal significance (MGRS) is characterized as renal impairment caused by monoclonal protein but does not fulfill the criteria for specific hematologic malignancies. Most MGRS cases involve IgG, IgA, or light chains, but IgM-MGRS remains poorly understood.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Case</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We present a 74-year-old woman with IgM-κ monoclonal proteinuria who initially declined further evaluation. Later, anemia was identified, and a systemic work-up revealed monoclonal immunoglobulin deposition disease in the kidney and symptomatic Waldenström macroglobulinemia. Treatment with a Bruton's tyrosine kinase inhibitor, namely tirabrutinib, rapidly resolved both proteinuria and anemia.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This case highlights the importance of early renal biopsy and prompt intervention in suspected IgM-MGRS.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9440,"journal":{"name":"Cancer reports","volume":"8 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cnr2.70281","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144657691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Relationship Between Serum ApoB, HER2, and Myocardial Ischemia Risk in Breast Cancer Patients","authors":"Yeyan Lei,&nbsp;Dongmei Li,&nbsp;Shuang Bai,&nbsp;Xing Zeng,&nbsp;Rongyuan Yang,&nbsp;Qing Liu","doi":"10.1002/cnr2.70075","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cnr2.70075","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The risk factors and clinical prediction of cardiovascular comorbidities in patients with breast cancer have not been fully clarified.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This retrospective case–control study was designed to investigate the factors affecting myocardial ischemia occurrence in breast cancer patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods and Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 194 cases (144 breast cancer and 50 benign breast tumor patients) were included. Univariate and multivariable Cox regression found that ApoB, age, and HER2 were significant factors responsible for the myocardial ischemia occurrence in breast cancer patients. By comparing the significance of ApoB in breast cancer patients versus benign breast tumor patients, it was observed that ApoB and HER2 were crucial predictors of myocardial ischemia in breast cancer patients compared to those with benign breast tumors. These factors were utilized to construct the clinical prediction model, achieving a combined area under the curve (AUC) of 0.583. The decision curve analysis (DCA) indicated that the model-predicted population, within a threshold ranging from 0.35 to 0.70, would experience a therapeutically clinical net benefit. Kaplan–Meier plot indicated that ApoB^high and HER2⁺ categories were high-risk populations for myocardial ischemia in breast cancer patients, although there was no significant difference between ApoB^low and ApoB^high subgroups for the 3-year disease-free survival.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We demonstrated that ApoB and HER2 were potential factors in predicting the myocardial ischemia occurrence in breast cancer patients. This study will help provide clinical evidence for the early prediction of cardiovascular comorbidities in breast cancer patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9440,"journal":{"name":"Cancer reports","volume":"8 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cnr2.70075","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144647083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lung Cancer Management: Revolutionizing Patient Outcomes Through Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence","authors":"Taghi Riahi,&nbsp;Bahareh Shateri-Amiri,&nbsp;Amirhossein Hajialiasgary Najafabadi,&nbsp;Sina Garazhian,&nbsp;Hanieh Radkhah,&nbsp;Diar Zooravar,&nbsp;Sahar Mansouri,&nbsp;Roya Aghazadeh,&nbsp;Mohammadreza Bordbar,&nbsp;Shirin Raiszadeh","doi":"10.1002/cnr2.70240","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cnr2.70240","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Lung cancer remains a leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, with early detection critical for improving prognosis. Traditional machine learning (ML) models have shown limited generalizability in clinical settings. This study proposes a deep learning-based approach using transfer learning to accurately segment lung tumor regions from CT scans and classify images as cancerous or noncancerous, aiming to overcome the limitations of conventional ML models.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We developed a two-stage model utilizing a ResNet50 backbone within a U-Net architecture for lesion segmentation, followed by a multi-layer perceptron (MLP) for binary classification. The model was trained on publicly available CT scan datasets and evaluated on an independent clinical dataset from Hazrat Rasool Hospital, Iran. Training employed binary cross-entropy and Dice loss functions. Data augmentation, dropout, and regularization were used to enhance model generalizability and prevent overfitting.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The model achieved 94% accuracy on the real-world clinical test set. Evaluation metrics, including <i>F</i>1 score, Matthews correlation coefficient (MCC), Cohen's kappa, and Dice index, confirmed the model's robustness and diagnostic reliability. In comparison, traditional ML models performed poorly on external test data despite high training accuracy, highlighting a significant generalization gap.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This research presents a reliable deep learning framework for lung cancer detection that outperforms traditional ML approaches on external validation. The results demonstrate its potential for clinical deployment. Future work will focus on prospective validation, interpretability techniques, and integration into hospital workflows to support real-time decision making and regulatory compliance.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9440,"journal":{"name":"Cancer reports","volume":"8 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cnr2.70240","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144647101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Penile Cancer Distant Metastasis or Primary Lung Cancer? Using Focused Genomic Profiling of Tumor and Germline Mutations With Next-Generation Sequencing for Clinical Decision-Making","authors":"Christian A. Moen,&nbsp;Ida M. Nordanger,&nbsp;Ása Karlsdóttir,&nbsp;Alfred Honoré,&nbsp;Patrick Juliebø-Jones,&nbsp;Siri M. Blomberg,&nbsp;Torjan M. Haslerud,&nbsp;Christina Aamelfot,&nbsp;Pirjo-Riitta Salminen,&nbsp;Christian Beisland,&nbsp;Hildegunn H. Vetti,&nbsp;Daniela E. Costea,&nbsp;Ellen Berget","doi":"10.1002/cnr2.70278","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cnr2.70278","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The presence of a distant metastasis in penile squamous cell carcinoma (PSCC) is associated with a very poor prognosis. When isolated distant tumors are detected in patients with known PSCC, it is therefore important to accurately determine whether such lesions represent penile cancer metastasis or indeed a new primary cancer. This distinction can have a significant influence on both patient prognostication as well as recommended treatment regimens.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Cases</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this case series, we present three patients surgically treated for inguinal node-positive PSCC. Two of the patients developed isolated lesions in the right hilar lymph nodes within 14 months after surgery, and one patient had a concurrent lesion in the right upper lobe at the time of diagnosis. None of the standard radiological or histopathological examinations could truly identify the origin of these lesions. Moreover, neither could biomarker analysis with p16^INK4a and human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA status. However, focused genomic profiling of both penile and thoracic tumor tissue with next generation sequencing (NGS) technology identified specific mutations in the <i>TP53</i> gene (2 cases) and a potentially actionable mutation in the <i>ERBB2</i> gene (1 case) that additionally could aid in distinguishing possible primary lung SCC from metastatic PSCC. No germline mutations were detected.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Focused NGS analysis of tumor tissue can provide molecular insights that may help clarify the possible origin of thoracic tumors in patients with PSCC. The results may support clinical decision-making and also be used for prognostication and patient counseling.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9440,"journal":{"name":"Cancer reports","volume":"8 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cnr2.70278","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144635076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlation Between Pathological and MRI Radiological Tumor Responses to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Non-Luminal Breast Cancer: A Single Institution Experience","authors":"Wesal M. Eldehna,&nbsp;Fawzy Elbarbry,&nbsp;Abdul Hameed Hassan,&nbsp;Rafat Abu Shakra,&nbsp;Ahmed Elaryan,&nbsp;Ola Mousa Abdelfattah Elnady,&nbsp;Elshaimaa Mohamed Mohamed","doi":"10.1002/cnr2.70275","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cnr2.70275","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) is the standard treatment for patients with locally advanced breast cancer. In recent years, it has also been used for early-stage triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive (HER2⁺) breast cancers.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our hypothesis asserts a correlation between breast radiological and pathological response post-NACT in non-luminal breast cancer patients. We also aimed to determine the predictive value of MRI in predicting response in these patients. Radiologist agreement upon radiological MRI response is also highlighted in the current study.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A retrospective study to evaluate MRI's accuracy for assessing tumor response to NACT in early and locally advanced non-metastatic breast cancer patients in comparison with pathological assessments. We enrolled cases that were treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy between December 2019 and November 2023.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Dynamic MRI's sensitivity to detect tumor response is 86.4%, its specificity is 96.8%, and its accuracy is 92.4%, with a significant <i>p</i>-value. So, the high correlation between measurements of residual disease detected by MRI and those detected by pathological assessment supports the use of MRI for imaging assessment during NACT. The two radiologists involved in our study were in good agreement in their assessment of radiological response (Kappa: 0.801, sensitivity: 85.7%, specificity: 93.8%, and accuracy: 90.6%).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The accuracy of imaging assessment by breast MRI during NACT is validated by the greater correlation between measurements of residual disease on MRI and pathology, establishing its role as the most precise imaging modality. We strongly advocate for the dependable role of MRI in monitoring breast lesions during neoadjuvant therapy, especially in non-luminal breast cancer cases, regardless of whether they present as mass or non-mass enhancement patterns.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9440,"journal":{"name":"Cancer reports","volume":"8 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cnr2.70275","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144615392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}