Cancer reports最新文献

{"title":"Immunophenotypic Profiling of Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia: Insights From a Large Cohort","authors":"Supattra Kankhaw,&nbsp;Weerapat Owattanapanich,&nbsp;Orathai Promsuwicha,&nbsp;Thanyakan Thong-ou,&nbsp;Theera Ruchutrakool,&nbsp;Archrob Khuhapinant,&nbsp;Karan Paisooksantivatana,&nbsp;Smith Kungwankiattichai","doi":"10.1002/cnr2.70198","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cnr2.70198","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is a highly aggressive disease that requires early initial therapy. Rapid diagnosis by flow cytometry remains the mainstay of initial diagnosis. However, the complexity of its immunochemistry has led to diagnostic uncertainty.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods and Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We comprehensively reviewed 2124 AML patients, with 170 classified as APL. In the univariate analysis, HLA-DR, CD34, CD56, CD11b, and CD11c were predominantly positive in the non-APL group compared to the APL group, while MPO and CD33 were significantly positive in the APL group. In the multivariate analysis, MPO was identified as a significantly higher positive marker in APL patients, while HLA-DR, CD34, and CD56 predicted non-APL patients. The typical immunophenotype of APL, including MPO+/HLA-DR-/CD34- and CD117+, provided a sensitivity of 51.4%, a specificity of 98.0%, a positive predictive value of 65.8%, and a negative predictive value of 96.5%. By utilizing the decision tree methodology, HLA-DR, MPO, and CD34 emerged as pivotal indicators for APL diagnosis within this model. Notably, HLA-DR took precedence, followed by MPO and CD34. Ultimately, a predictive equation for APL diagnosis was proposed to simplify the diagnosis of APL by flow cytometry using the positivity of HLA-DR, MPO, and CD34 as reference points.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study underscores the role of immunophenotyping as a rapid and complementary tool to molecular diagnostics, aiding in the preliminary identification of probable APL cases and facilitating timely initiation of therapy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9440,"journal":{"name":"Cancer reports","volume":"8 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cnr2.70198","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143849066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tailored Therapeutic Approach in a Patient With Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma With Meningeal Infiltration, Concurrent Classic Hodgkin Lymphoma, and Smoldering Multiple Myeloma: A Case Report","authors":"Giusy Ceparano,&nbsp;Daniele Lorenzini,&nbsp;Maurilio Ponzoni,&nbsp;Giorgia Levati,&nbsp;Davide Epifania,&nbsp;Vincenzo Marasco","doi":"10.1002/cnr2.70102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cnr2.70102","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Coexisting primary hematologic malignancies in untreated multiple myeloma (MM) are rare.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Case</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A 69-year-old man with smoldering multiple myeloma (sMM) presented with lymphadenopathies and an intracranial mass. He was diagnosed with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), classic Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL), and sMM. The patient received R-CHOP and R-ICE, followed by autologous stem cell transplantation, achieving complete remission of DLBCL and cHL, and very good partial remission of MM.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This case illustrates the complexity of managing multiple malignancies and the importance of a tailored therapeutic approach.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9440,"journal":{"name":"Cancer reports","volume":"8 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cnr2.70102","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143830979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predicting Prognosis and Immunotherapy Response in Glioblastoma (GBM) With a 5-Gene CAF-Risk Signature","authors":"Haifeng He,&nbsp;Min Yan,&nbsp;Ke Ye,&nbsp;Rui Shi,&nbsp;Luqing Tong,&nbsp;Shengxiang Zhang,&nbsp;Yu Zhu,&nbsp;Renya Zhan","doi":"10.1002/cnr2.70158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cnr2.70158","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Background&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF) represent significant constituents within the extracellular matrix (ECM) across a range of cancers. Nevertheless, there exists a scarcity of direct proof concerning the function of CAF in glioblastoma (GBM).&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Aims&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;This study endeavors to probe the participation of CAF in GBM by developing and validating a CAF-risk signature and exploring its correlation with immune infiltration and immunotherapy responsiveness.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methods and Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;To fulfill these objectives, mRNA expression profiles of GBM samples and their corresponding clinical data were retrieved from two databases. First, stromal CAF-associated genes were identified by weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). This method constructs co-expression networks and pinpoints gene modules with similar expression patterns to detect relevant genes. Subsequently, a CAF-risk signature was established via univariate and LASSO Cox regression analyses. Thereafter, gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) and single-sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) were carried out to investigate the underlying molecular mechanisms. The immune status was evaluated with several R packages, and the Tumor Immune Dysfunction and Exclusion (TIDE) algorithm was utilized to assess the response to immunotherapy. Validation was performed using single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA) datasets, the Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia (CCLE), and the Human Protein Atlas (HPA). Eventually, a 5-gene (ITGA5, MMP14, FN1, COL5A1, and COL6A1) prognostic CAF model was constructed. Notably, immune infiltration analysis demonstrated a significant correlation between Treg, Macrophage, and CAF risk scores. Moreover, TIDE analysis suggested a decreased responsiveness to immunotherapy in high CAF-risk patients. In addition, GSEA showed significant enrichment of the transforming growth factor alpha (TGF-α), inflammatory response, and epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) pathways in this subgroup. Finally, the validation through scRNA, CCLE, and HPA datasets confirmed these findings.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Conclusion&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;The 5-gene CAF-risk signature exhibited accurate prognostic predictions and efficiently evaluated clinical immunotherapy responses among GBM patients. These results offer robust evidence regarding the implication of CAF in GBM and underscore the potential clinical value of personalized anti-CAF therapies in conjunction with immunotherapy.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/secti","PeriodicalId":9440,"journal":{"name":"Cancer reports","volume":"8 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cnr2.70158","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143827022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification and Characterization of Differentially Expressed MicroRNAs in Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia","authors":"Lingmin Song,&nbsp;Xue Wang,&nbsp;Gang Wang,&nbsp;Liwei Zheng,&nbsp;Zhansong Zhou","doi":"10.1002/cnr2.70178","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cnr2.70178","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The primary aim of this research is to identify and describe the distinct patterns of microRNAs (miRNAs) that are unusually expressed in benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) tissues compared to normal prostatic tissues.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The investigation began with the collection of three samples each from normal prostatic and BPH tissues. These samples underwent miRNA microarray analysis using the Agilent platform. Following the preliminary screening, a larger sample set, comprising five normal prostatic tissues and 36 BPH tissues, was subjected to qRT-PCR to confirm the differential expression of the miRNAs initially identified.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The microarray analysis revealed that only miR-126-3p and miR-4672 exhibited an expression profile marked by both a fold change &gt; 1.5 and <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05, indicating significant downregulation in BPH tissues. MiR-145-3p and miR-143-3p also showed downregulation with fold changes greater than 1.5; however, these changes did not reach statistical significance as their p-values were above 0.05. Further attempts to validate these findings through qRT-PCR did not confirm any notable dysregulation among the four miRNAs studied; the variations in their expression levels between normal and BPH tissues did not achieve statistical significance, with p-values exceeding 0.1. From the data accrued, it can be inferred that the roles of miR-4672, miR-126-3p, miR-145-3p, and miR-143-3p in BPH development continue to be an unresolved mystery, and the need for further investigation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This preliminary investigation establishes a foundation for subsequent studies aimed at elucidating the regulatory mechanisms underlying BPH. However, these results highlight the need for further investigation employing a more extensive sample size and comprehensive clinical data to elucidate their potential roles in the pathogenesis of BPH.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9440,"journal":{"name":"Cancer reports","volume":"8 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cnr2.70178","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143826893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perceptions and Attitudes Toward Utilizing a Non-Invasive Biomarker for Colorectal Cancer Screening: A Qualitative Study","authors":"Choi Ying Chu,&nbsp;Junjie Huang,&nbsp;Jamie Jie Mei Liew,&nbsp;Apurva Sawhney,&nbsp;Xianjing Liu,&nbsp;Chaoying Zhong,&nbsp;Jianli Lin,&nbsp;Junjie Hang,&nbsp;Claire Chenwen Zhong,&nbsp;Jinqiu Yuan,&nbsp;Martin C. S. Wong","doi":"10.1002/cnr2.70140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cnr2.70140","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Colorectal cancer (CRC) screening, effective for early detection of CRC, was recently implemented by the Hong Kong government using the quantitative Fecal Immunochemical Test (FIT). However, consistently low participation rates and heavy reliance on colonoscopy for CRC screening has created a substantial burden on the healthcare system.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study examined the feasibility, acceptability, and satisfaction of utilizing the novel non-invasive biomarker test Colotect for early detection of CRC.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods and Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In-depth, qualitative telephone interviews were conducted with 16 participants (≥ 50 years old) who were eligible for the government CRC screening program. Participants were recruited via community health centres in Hong Kong between July and August 2022. The Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) was used to prepare the interview guide exploring the perceptions, attitudes, and barriers to using Colotect. The data collected was categorized into eight themes corresponding to the CFIR interventional characteristics domain, including intervention sources, evidence strength &amp; quality, relative advantage, adaptability, complexity, design quality and packaging, and cost.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Overall, participants reflected positive attitudes and perceptions toward Colotect use, along with identifying difficulties associated with its use. Modifications to test kits were proposed corresponding to the issues identified. In summary, this study demonstrated the feasibility and acceptability of using Colotect in CRC screening program. Future studies should examine the applicability, acceptability, efficiency, and cost-effectiveness of the test in real-world settings.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9440,"journal":{"name":"Cancer reports","volume":"8 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cnr2.70140","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143818421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"APOBEC3B Does Not Promote Tumor Progression in Tp53 Hemizygous Mice","authors":"Yoshihito Horisawa,&nbsp;Tadahiko Matsumoto,&nbsp;June Takeda,&nbsp;Yusuke Tashiro,&nbsp;Ryosuke Nomura,&nbsp;Suguru Takeuchi,&nbsp;Yugo Kawai,&nbsp;Yasuhiro Kazuma,&nbsp;Yoshinobu Konishi,&nbsp;Hiroyuki Yamazaki,&nbsp;Hiroyuki Matsui,&nbsp;Kotaro Shirakawa,&nbsp;Akifumi Takaori-Kondo","doi":"10.1002/cnr2.70189","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cnr2.70189","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>DNA cytosine deaminase APOBEC3B (A3B) is one of the endogenous sources of somatic mutations in many types of human cancers and is associated with tumor progression rather than tumorigenesis. However, it remains uncertain whether APOBEC3B-induced mutations accelerate tumor progression or not. In this paper, we established a mouse model with A3B overexpression and investigated whether the introduction of A3B overexpression accelerates tumor development in <i>Tp53</i> hemizygous mice.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We established A3B transgenic mouse by microinjection and selected the mouse which has only one A3B transgene by genomic qPCR and southern blotting using the probe against the transgene. A3B expression was validated by qPCR, immunoblotting, immunohistochemistry and <i>in vitro</i> CDA assays using lysates of this transgenic mouse liver, spleen and bone marrow. We interbreed this transgenic mouse model with CAG-Cre and <i>Tp53</i> knockout mice and observed differences in tumor progression and survival between <i>Tp53</i> hemizygous mice and <i>Tp53</i> homozygous mice irrespective of A3B expression. Finally, comprehensive genomic mutation analysis was done using the developed tumors.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We established A3B transgenic mouse which has only one transgene. A3B expression and its CDA activity were confirmed in liver cells and tumor tissues of mice overexpressing A3B. <i>Tp53</i> hemizygous mice developed osteosarcomas, spindle and pleomorphic sarcomas, and squamous cell carcinomas, however we did not observe any difference in tumor development between the mice with or without A3B expression. The tumor with A3B expression has more high-VAF mutations than the one without A3B, but these mutations are not APOBEC signature.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We developed a Cre inducible A3B transgenic mouse model bearing single copy of <i>A3B</i> gene. Although the introduction of A3B overexpression did not accelerate tumor development in <i>Tp53</i> hemizygous mice, our mouse model with A3B overexpression is well-validated and useful for further research.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9440,"journal":{"name":"Cancer reports","volume":"8 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cnr2.70189","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143818420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"BRCA2-Related Hereditary Cancer Syndrome-Associated Small Bowel Adenocarcinoma With Multiple BRCA2 Mutations: A Case Report and Review of the Literature","authors":"Francesca Antoci,&nbsp;Tommaso Colella,&nbsp;Elena Biletta,&nbsp;Erica Travaglino,&nbsp;Giuseppe De Lisi,&nbsp;Erica Quaquarini,&nbsp;Giovanni Arpa,&nbsp;Alberto Maria Pisacane,&nbsp;Myriam Katja Paris,&nbsp;Salvatore Corallo,&nbsp;Antonio Di Sabatino,&nbsp;Francesco Leone,&nbsp;Alessandro Vanoli","doi":"10.1002/cnr2.70200","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cnr2.70200","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Small bowel adenocarcinomas (SBAs) are rare and aggressive cancers. About one-fifth of SBA patients have predisposing conditions; among them, there are also genetic tumor syndromes, including Lynch syndrome, familial adenomatous polyposis, and Peutz-Jeghers syndrome. Although <i>BRCA2</i> mutations, both somatic and germline, have been recently described in SBAs, direct evidence of <i>BRCA2</i> inactivation in SBA tumor tissue of patients with <i>BRCA2</i>-related hereditary cancer syndrome is still very limited.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Case Presentation</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Herein, we described a case of a 51-year-old woman with a history of breast cancer who developed an adenocarcinoma of the duodeno-jejunal flexure causing persistent vomiting. After clinical staging, the patient underwent surgical resection, and histologic examination of the specimen confirmed a poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma infiltrating the visceral peritoneum and showing lymph node metastases (stage III, pT4N1). Two years later, the SBA relapsed, and next generation sequencing was performed in matched tumor and normal tissues. In addition to <i>KRAS</i> and <i>TP53</i> mutations in the tumor, both somatic and germline <i>BRCA2</i> mutations were identified, indicating biallelic <i>BRCA2</i> alterations.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p><i>BRCA2</i>-associated hereditary tumor syndrome could have an etio-pathogenetic role in SBA development; thus, we suggest that this syndrome should be considered in patients with an SBA diagnosis below the age of 50 years, especially when a personal or family history of breast cancer is present.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9440,"journal":{"name":"Cancer reports","volume":"8 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cnr2.70200","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143809670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association Between Triglyceride-Glucose Index and Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","authors":"Diar Zooravar,&nbsp;Hanieh Radkhah,&nbsp;Bahareh Shateri Amiri,&nbsp;Pedram Soltani","doi":"10.1002/cnr2.70194","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cnr2.70194","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Background and Aims&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;The triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index, a surrogate marker for insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome, has been implicated in breast cancer (BC) risk. However, its predictive value remains controversial. This systematic review and meta-analysis assessed the association between the TyG index and BC risk, its role in differentiating malignant from benign breast lesions, and its potential prognostic significance.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;A comprehensive search of PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, and Google Scholar was conducted up to January 2025. Studies were included if they met the following criteria: (1) assessed the TyG index about BC risk, progression, or prognosis; (2) included a comparator group (healthy individuals, benign breast lesion patients, or internal controls); (3) reported effect sizes (odds ratio [OR] or hazard ratio [HR]) with 95% confidence intervals (CI); and (4) provided sufficient statistical data on the TyG index. Excluded studies included in vitro or animal research, reviews, case reports, and those lacking relevant quantitative data. Effect sizes were pooled using a random-effects model; heterogeneity was assessed via &lt;i&gt;I&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; statistics, and sensitivity analyses were performed. A restricted cubic spline model evaluated dose–response relationships.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Thirteen studies, including retrospective, case–control, cohort, and cross-sectional designs, were analyzed. Case–control and cross-sectional studies revealed a significant association between a higher TyG index and increased BC risk (OR: 1.87, 95% CI: 1.45–2.41, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.01). However, cohort studies did not confirm this relationship (HR: 1.04, 95% CI: 0.97–1.11, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.23). The TyG index effectively differentiated malignant from benign breast lesions (WMD: 0.23, 95% CI: 0.18–0.27, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.01) with a pooled AUC of 0.64. Dose–response analysis suggested a non-linear relationship between the TyG index and BC risk (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001).&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Conclusion&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;While the TyG index may not strongly predict BC onset, it reflects metabolic alterations linked to cancer progression. Its ability to distinguish benign from malignant lesions highlights its clinical utility. Future studies should standardize TyG index thresholds and validate their prognostic value through longitudinal research.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Trial Registration&lt;/h","PeriodicalId":9440,"journal":{"name":"Cancer reports","volume":"8 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cnr2.70194","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143793662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An up-To-Date Review of Elesclomol and Its Nano-Formulations in Cancer Therapy","authors":"Qi Wang,&nbsp;Feng Li,&nbsp;Amit K. Tiwari,&nbsp;R. Jayachandra Babu","doi":"10.1002/cnr2.70193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cnr2.70193","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Elesclomol (ES) is a promising anticancer compound that exerts its effects through multiple mechanisms. It acts as a copper (Cu(II)) ionophore, forming an ES–Cu complex within cancer cells and inducing a novel form of cell death called cuproptosis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To provide an up-to-date review on elesclomol and its nano-formulations with a particular focus on cancer therapy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Sources</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Literature was collected by manually searching in Pubmed, and Google Scholar, clinicaltrials.gov through March 2025.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Content</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This review provides an overview of the discovery and development of the ES molecule, including its physicochemical properties. New insights into the intracellular interactions of ES with copper and the mechanisms of copper transportation are then explained. The recent clinical outcomes of ES in cancer therapy, both as a monotherapy and in combination with paclitaxel or carboplatin, are summarized. While the initial clinical trials showed promise, more studies are focusing on the preclinical investigations of the ES–Cu complex. Nanomedicine-based formulations have emerged as a strategy to enhance the intracellular delivery of ES as well as its therapeutic effects, with several ES–Cu nanomedicines currently under development. The recent nanoparticle delivery strategies of ES are discussed. This comprehensive review provides an up-to-date overview of the recent advancements in ES study, including its novel mechanism of action, clinical progress, and the potential of nanomedicine-based approaches to improve its therapeutic efficacy in cancer treatment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9440,"journal":{"name":"Cancer reports","volume":"8 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cnr2.70193","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143793661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Practical Landscape of Cytokine-Targeted miRNAs to Enhance NK Cell Function in Cancer Immunotherapy: A Bioinformatic Analysis","authors":"Arefeh Zabeti Touchaei,&nbsp;Sogand Vahidi,&nbsp;Ali Akbar Samadani","doi":"10.1002/cnr2.70192","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cnr2.70192","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Suppression within the tumor microenvironment (TME) hampered natural killer (NK) cells and their role in cancer immunotherapy. This study explores how interleukin (IL) signaling (IL-12A, IL-12B, IL-15, IL-18) and interferon gamma (IFNG or IFN-γ) interact with microRNAs to regulate NK cell function in cancer.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We identify the targeted microRNAs (miRNAs) for these genes and the key pathways influencing various cancers through comprehensive analyses, including protein–protein interaction networks, protein co-expression, miRNA targeting prediction, homology, mRNA-miRNA regulatory networks, gene set enrichment, and signaling pathway analysis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our analysis revealed a significant association between genes encoding interleukins and IFNG with NK cell infiltration across various cancers. Additionally, we identified several miRNAs (hsa-miR-590-3p, hsa-miR-340-5p, hsa-miR-495-3p, hsa-miR-5692a, hsa-miR-130a-3p) that potentially regulate NK cell function by targeting these genes. These miRNAs participate in critical pathways essential for NK cell function. Notably, our findings suggest a key role for mRNA-miRNA co-regulation in suppressing NK cells within the tumor microenvironment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study highlights the potential of targeting these identified miRNAs as a strategy to enhance NK cell function and improve the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9440,"journal":{"name":"Cancer reports","volume":"8 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cnr2.70192","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143786919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}