Romanian journal of ophthalmology最新文献

{"title":"Evaluating short-term corneal endothelial alterations post-intravitreal Anti-VEGF injections in treatment naïve eyes.","authors":"Anandsagar Kanna, Avadhesh Oli, Santosh Kumar, Bv Rao, Mohan S, Simran Dhami","doi":"10.22336/rjo.2025.34","DOIUrl":"10.22336/rjo.2025.34","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objective: </strong>The cornea is the outermost transparent layer of the eye. Various anatomical and physiological factors, such as a healthy functioning monolayer of corneal endothelial cells, play an essential role in maintaining corneal transparency. Conditions or events that cause endothelial loss beyond the threshold result in loss of corneal transparency. The present study aimed to evaluate the short-term effects of intravitreal anti-VEGF injections on the corneal endothelium using non-contact specular microscopy in patients undergoing anti-VEGF injections for various retinal diseases.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This prospective cohort study included 47 eyes of 47 treatment-naïve patients who received intravitreal anti-VEGF injections for various retinal diseases. Using a non-contact specular microscope, pre-injection parameters, including ECD, cell count, CV, and hexagonality, were compared with those on post-injection days 1, 1st week, 1st month, and 3rd month. A statistically significant result was defined as a \"p\" value of less than 0.05 using the appropriate test of significance.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Early morphological changes in endothelial cells were indicated by a significant increase in the mean value of the coefficient of variation of the area of endothelial cells in the first week (p < 0.001) and the first month (p < 0.027) of the post-injection period. However, at the follow-up examination 30 days later, no noticeable change in the patient's ECD, cell count, or hexagonal shape could be detected under the specular microscope.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>This prospective cohort study evaluated the effects of intravitreal anti-VEGF injections on corneal endothelial morphology in 47 treatment-naïve, non-diabetic patients with various retinal conditions. While endothelial cell count, density, and hexagonality remained stable, a transient increase in polymegathism was observed at both day 7- and one-month post-injection. No differences were found between phakic and pseudophakic eyes or between different anti-VEGF agents (Aflibercept vs. Ranibizumab).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Intravitreal anti-VEGF injections were found to induce morphological alterations in corneal endothelial cells during the first week and first month following injection, as evidenced by an increase in the coefficient of variation. However, these endothelial changes are subtle and do not typically translate into clinical concerns.</p>","PeriodicalId":94355,"journal":{"name":"Romanian journal of ophthalmology","volume":"69 2","pages":"212-218"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12277993/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144692892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Orbital venous lymphatic malformations: case series on minimally invasive treatment approach.","authors":"Ankita Ranjan, Apjit Kaur Chhabra, Manoj Kumar","doi":"10.22336/rjo.2025.45","DOIUrl":"10.22336/rjo.2025.45","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Orbital venous lymphatic malformations or lymphangiomas are choristomas of the orbit. Common in the pediatric population, the lesion is notorious for spreading into various anatomical spaces due to its infiltrative nature. Additionally, the vascular nature poses challenges to complete removal. Hemorrhages are not uncommon in the lesion, which may result in permanently compromised ocular function. Medical management involves injecting sclerosant into the cystic areas of the lesion, resulting in shrinkage and collapse, followed by total excision, which is the most suitable treatment option. The authors present a series of cases in which lymphangiomas have been completely excised using this minimal manipulative approach.</p>","PeriodicalId":94355,"journal":{"name":"Romanian journal of ophthalmology","volume":"69 2","pages":"280-286"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12277987/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144692950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Short-term effects of antiglaucomatous topical medication on the ocular surface in Wistar rats.","authors":"Cristina-Mihaela Anghel-Timaru, Daniela Adriana Iliescu, Leon Zăgrean","doi":"10.22336/rjo.2025.36","DOIUrl":"10.22336/rjo.2025.36","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Topical treatment remains the first-line therapeutic approach for glaucoma, primarily aimed at reducing intraocular pressure (IOP), which is currently the only modifiable risk factor for the disease. However, while topical medications are effective in lowering IOP, they are also associated with a range of adverse effects. This study evaluated the short-term side effects of various topical glaucoma medications in Wistar rats with experimentally induced intraocular hypertension. A glaucoma model was established using saline solution and viscoelastic pre-filled syringes, followed by the application of different topical anti-glaucomatous agents to assess both efficacy and potential side effects. Five groups of Wistar rats were utilized: four groups received other treatments, while the fifth group served as a control, with no therapy administered. The rats were monitored for 21 days following the induction of elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) and the commencement of treatment. Preliminary results suggested that the number of drops administered per day might have a more significant impact on the outcomes than the presence or absence of preservatives in the eye drops.</p>","PeriodicalId":94355,"journal":{"name":"Romanian journal of ophthalmology","volume":"69 2","pages":"228-234"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12277985/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144692954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influencer Marketing in Ophthalmology.","authors":"Consuela-Mădălina Gheorghe","doi":"10.22336/rjo.2025.24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22336/rjo.2025.24","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":94355,"journal":{"name":"Romanian journal of ophthalmology","volume":"69 2","pages":"145-146"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12277980/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144692897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Olfactory Groove Meningioma Compressing the Optic Chiasm and Optic Nerve: Improvement of Visual Functions by Surgical Intervention.","authors":"Sevgi Tongal, Ismail Uyanik, Fatma Poslu Karademir, Ihsan Cakir, Asli Inal","doi":"10.22336/rjo.2025.39","DOIUrl":"10.22336/rjo.2025.39","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Olfactory groove meningiomas (OGMs) are rare but serious tumours that can cause visual loss. Surgical treatment of such meningiomas is critical for the recovery of visual functions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this case report, a 62-year-old patient presented to our clinic with sudden visual loss in the right eye and underwent ophthalmological examination. Visual field (VF), retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) thickness test, and contrast-enhanced cranial and orbital magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were performed. The patient was diagnosed with OGM compressing the optic chiasm and nerve, and was operated on by the neurosurgery department. Post-operative examinations were repeated, and the patient was followed up regularly.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Evaluations revealed a significant improvement in the patient's visual functions, including visual acuity and visual field (VF). Postoperative RNFL-thickness tests showed minimum variation. Early surgical treatment of OGMs compressing the optic chiasm and the optic nerve resulted in significant improvements in visual acuity and visual field (VF).</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>This case demonstrates that early surgical intervention in olfactory groove meningiomas can result in substantial improvements in visual acuity and visual fields, regardless of the initial severity of visual impairment. Even in cases with profoundly reduced vision, significant functional recovery is possible following timely decompression. Preoperative preservation of retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness may serve as a favorable prognostic indicator for postoperative visual outcomes. The integration of MRI, VF, and OCT findings provides a comprehensive framework for diagnosis, treatment planning, and follow-up.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>According to the literature, surgical intervention is efficacious in improving visual functions and emphasizes the importance of early surgical treatment for such cases.</p>","PeriodicalId":94355,"journal":{"name":"Romanian journal of ophthalmology","volume":"69 2","pages":"247-253"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12277992/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144692948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pseudo Foster-Kennedy Syndrome in an amblyopic patient: a case report.","authors":"Cristina Ariadna Nicula, Oana Suluțiu","doi":"10.22336/rjo.2025.38","DOIUrl":"10.22336/rjo.2025.38","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pseudo-Foster-Kennedy syndrome presents with optic disc swelling in one eye and optic atrophy in the other eye. It differs from the true Foster-Kennedy syndrome due to the absence of an intracranial mass. One of the most common causes of pseudo-Foster-Kennedy syndrome is sequential bilateral NAION. We present the case of a male patient who came to the emergency room in our clinic complaining of sudden vision loss in his right eye, headache, and hearing loss. The patient also had a diagnosis of high amblyopia in his left eye, where we also discovered an optic atrophy. We established the positive diagnosis of pseudo-Foster-Kennedy syndrome after a thorough anamnesis, ophthalmologic examination, and multiple investigations.</p>","PeriodicalId":94355,"journal":{"name":"Romanian journal of ophthalmology","volume":"69 2","pages":"243-246"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12278001/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144692952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of matrix metalloproteinases in the modulation of aqueous humor in glaucoma patients.","authors":"Cerbulescu Teodor, Barac Ileana Ramona, Boruga Ovidiu, Sălăvăţ Mădălina Casiana, Leuştean Laurenţiu, Duncă Ştefan Daciana, Calancea Andrei, Barac Andreea Diana","doi":"10.22336/rjo.2025.33","DOIUrl":"10.22336/rjo.2025.33","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Matrix metalloproteinases are crucial proteolytic enzymes involved in the degradation and remodeling of the extracellular matrix within the ocular structures. Their expression and activity significantly influence aqueous humor dynamics and intraocular pressure in patients with glaucoma. Elevated intraocular pressure, a significant risk factor for glaucoma, is often associated with disturbed aqueous humor outflow. This review summarizes current findings on the role of matrix metalloproteinases in modulating aqueous humor and their potential as therapeutic targets in the treatment of glaucoma.</p>","PeriodicalId":94355,"journal":{"name":"Romanian journal of ophthalmology","volume":"69 2","pages":"208-211"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12277996/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144692958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transepithelial photorefractive keratectomy - an analysis of the solutions offered by the industry nowadays.","authors":"Daiana-Andreea Margarit, Mihnea Munteanu, Horia Tudor Stanca","doi":"10.22336/rjo.2025.26","DOIUrl":"10.22336/rjo.2025.26","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To review and compare the current commercial solutions for transepithelial photorefractive keratectomy (TransPRK) offered by leading excimer laser manufacturers-SCHWIND eye-tech-solutions (AMARIS with SmartPulse), Alcon (WaveLight EX500), and Bausch + Lomb Technolas (TENEO 317), with a focus on technology, treatment protocols, and clinical outcomes.</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>TransPRK, a no-touch surface ablation technique, eliminates mechanical or alcohol-based epithelial removal by using the excimer laser to ablate both epithelium and stromal tissue in a single step. This approach offers advantages, including lower epithelial trauma, reduced risk of infection, and faster epithelial healing. Industry innovation has significantly improved TransPRK outcomes through refined epithelial mapping, high-speed ablation, and advanced eye-tracking systems.All three platforms-SCHWIND AMARIS, WaveLight EX500, and Technolas TENEO-offer effective TransPRK capabilities, each with distinctive advantages. SCHWIND currently leads in terms of surface quality and early visual recovery due to SmartPulse Technology. WaveLight EX500 provides high-speed ablation and robust platform integration, while Technolas TENEO offers customizable epithelial profiles and a user-friendly interface.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In summary, modern TransPRK systems provide safe, effective, and increasingly customizable options for correcting myopia and astigmatism. The choice between platforms depends on a range of factors, including surgical goals, patient profile, available technology, and the surgeon's familiarity with the system. As laser platforms continue to evolve, further innovations in epithelial mapping, real-time ablation control, and surface smoothing may continue to enhance the outcomes and expand the indications for TransPRK.</p>","PeriodicalId":94355,"journal":{"name":"Romanian journal of ophthalmology","volume":"69 2","pages":"158-163"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12277988/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144692959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neurological and neurosurgical conditions presenting first with ophthalmological clinical features: A case series.","authors":"Anchal Tripathi, Ashish Pandey, Radhika Gupta, Amul Gupta, Nitin Vichare, Faiz Ahmad","doi":"10.22336/rjo.2025.41","DOIUrl":"10.22336/rjo.2025.41","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>We report four unique neurological cases that initially presented with ophthalmological manifestations.</p><p><strong>Case series: </strong>In the first case, a 36-year-old man came in with a left-sided headache and isolated third nerve palsy. Detailed investigations led to the discovery of a supraclinoid internal carotid artery aneurysm, necessitating prompt neurosurgical intervention. The second case featured a 74-year-old man with complete drooping of his right eyelid. The diagnosis of complete third nerve palsy led to further tests, which uncovered multiple myeloma. The third case involved a 19-year-old girl who had persistent double vision and bilateral ptosis. A collaborative effort between ophthalmologists and neurologists revealed Miller Fisher syndrome, which was successfully treated with intravenous immunoglobulins. Lastly, the fourth case described an 8-year-old girl who presented with optic neuritis. A thorough ophthalmological evaluation led to the diagnosis of Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder, enabling early treatment and significant improvement.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>These cases highlight the crucial role of ophthalmologists in identifying severe systemic and neurological conditions through subtle ocular signs. Each diagnosis-from aneurysms to autoimmune and malignant disorders-was made possible by vigilant ophthalmic evaluation and timely interdisciplinary collaboration. These examples reinforce that the eye often provides the first clue to an underlying disease, and that early recognition by ophthalmologists can be critical to effective, and sometimes lifesaving, intervention.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These cases collectively emphasize the critical importance of detailed ocular evaluation in the early detection and management of a wide range of neurological and systemic conditions, highlighting how ocular symptoms can often be the first indication of more serious underlying health issues.</p>","PeriodicalId":94355,"journal":{"name":"Romanian journal of ophthalmology","volume":"69 2","pages":"259-266"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12277984/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144692946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the Role of Statins as an Adjunctive Anti-VEGF Therapy for Clinically Significant Macular Edema (CSME) in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.","authors":"Ashish Markan, Aniruddha Agarwal, Deeksha Katoch, Sanjay Bhadada, Vishali Gupta, Reema Bansal","doi":"10.22336/rjo.2025.35","DOIUrl":"10.22336/rjo.2025.35","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of statin therapy as an adjunctive treatment to anti-VEGF therapy in type 2 diabetic patients with non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) and clinically significant macular edema (CSME).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>In this prospective, randomized interventional study, patients were randomized into two groups: Group A received low-dose atorvastatin (10-20 mg), and Group B received high-dose atorvastatin (30-40 mg). All participants also received three loading doses of intravitreal ranibizumab (0.5 mg) at monthly intervals, followed by pro re nata treatment over a six-month period. Primary outcomes included the number of anti-VEGF injections required, best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), and central macular thickness (CMT). Serum VEGF levels were measured at baseline and six months.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean number of injections over six months was 3.4, with no significant difference between Group A (3.55) and Group B (3.33) (p = 0.24). Group A demonstrated substantial improvement in BCVA at both 3 and 6 months, accompanied by a notable reduction in CMT. In contrast, Group B's BCVA improvement was only significant at 3 months, with less consistent CMT reduction at 6 months. Serum VEGF levels decreased in Group A but increased in Group B, though these changes were not statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The findings suggest that low-dose atorvastatin, when used in conjunction with anti-VEGF therapy, may provide superior functional and anatomical outcomes in patients with CSME compared to high-dose statin therapy. The observed reduction in central macular thickness and improvement in visual acuity indicate a potential adjunctive benefit of statins, likely due to their pleiotropic effects, including anti-inflammatory and anti-angiogenic properties. Although the number of injections required was similar between the groups, the better response in the low-dose group highlights the need for further investigation into the dose-dependent effects of statins in managing diabetic macular edema.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Low-dose atorvastatin (10-20 mg) as an adjunct to anti-VEGF therapy resulted in better functional and anatomical outcomes in diabetic patients with CSME compared to high-dose atorvastatin. These findings suggest potential additional benefits of low-dose statins in managing patients with chronic subdural hematoma (CSME).</p>","PeriodicalId":94355,"journal":{"name":"Romanian journal of ophthalmology","volume":"69 2","pages":"219-227"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12277995/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144692889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}