Revista espanola de quimioterapia : publicacion oficial de la Sociedad Espanola de Quimioterapia最新文献

{"title":"[Pharmacokinetic monitoring of linezolid: <i>Enterococcus faecium</i> infection in a kidney transplant recipient on hemodialysis and concomitant rifampicin therapy].","authors":"Nuria López-Pay, Aarón Puplá, María Dolores Bellés-Medall, Ignacio Pérez-Catalán, Celia Roig-Marti, María González-Bisquert, Paula Herrera-Doce-Varas, Daniel Cruz-Pastoriza, Raúl Ferrando-Piqueres","doi":"10.37201/req/201.2026","DOIUrl":"10.37201/req/201.2026","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":94198,"journal":{"name":"Revista espanola de quimioterapia : publicacion oficial de la Sociedad Espanola de Quimioterapia","volume":" ","pages":"464-467"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13633499/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149077181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rapid antifungal susceptibility testing from positive blood cultures using direct gradient diffusion: a prospective study.","authors":"Lucía Gómez-Barral, Diego González-Polo, Blanca Burgoa-Rubido, Juan Luis Muñoz-Bellido, Josué Pendones-Ulerio","doi":"10.37201/req/196.2026","DOIUrl":"10.37201/req/196.2026","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the agreement between direct gradient diffusion (DGD), performed directly from positive blood culture bottles, and the Sensititre™ YeastOne™ (SYO) method for antifungal susceptibility testing in <i>Candida</i> spp.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A prospective observational study including blood cultures positive for yeasts between June and October 2024 was conducted. DGD (ETEST^®) was performed directly from blood culture broth and compared with SYO. The antifungal agents evaluated were anidulafungin, micafungin, caspofungin, fluconazole, voriconazole, and amphotericin B. Categorical agreement (CA) and essential agreement (EA) were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 32 <i>Candida</i> isolates were included. Overall CA was 90%, whereas EA was 60.6%. CA was 100% for amphotericin B, 92.5% for azoles, and 86% for echinocandins. No very major errors were observed. However, all <i>Candida parapsilosis</i> isolates showed major errors for anidulafungin, appearing resistant by DGD and susceptible by SYO. All DGD results were interpretable after 24 hours.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>DGD performed directly from positive blood culture bottles provides early antifungal susceptibility results with high CA and markedly reduced turnaround time. However, caution is required when interpreting anidulafungin resistance in C. <i>parapsilosis</i>. This approach may serve as an adjunctive tool for early optimization of antifungal therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":94198,"journal":{"name":"Revista espanola de quimioterapia : publicacion oficial de la Sociedad Espanola de Quimioterapia","volume":" ","pages":"451-455"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13633497/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149077239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Ulceroglandular tularemia: a case review].","authors":"Marta Cano-Pérez, Belén Burgos-Vico, Mónica de Frutos-Serna, José M Eiros-Bouza","doi":"10.37201/req/226.2026","DOIUrl":"10.37201/req/226.2026","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":94198,"journal":{"name":"Revista espanola de quimioterapia : publicacion oficial de la Sociedad Espanola de Quimioterapia","volume":" ","pages":"473-475"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13633492/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149019079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antimicrobial susceptibility concordance between colonising and bloodstream ESBL and carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales in allogeneic stem cell transplant recipients: a 10-year retrospective cohort study.","authors":"Patricio Favier, Pedro Suárez-Urquiza, Juan Frasquet-Artés, Amparo Valentín-Martín, Javier Pemán-García, Jaime Sanz, María Dolores Gómez-Ruiz, Eva M González-Barberá","doi":"10.37201/req/220.2026","DOIUrl":"10.37201/req/220.2026","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Surveillance cultures for multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria are increasingly used to guide empirical therapy in allo-HSCT recipients, yet whether the antimicrobial susceptibility profile of the colonising isolate reliably predicts that of the infecting strain remains poorly characterised. The aim of the study was to evaluate antimicrobial susceptibility concordance between colonising and bloodstream extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Enterobacterales (ESBL-E) and carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) isolates in allo-HSCT patients, assess surveillance culture performance as BSI predictors, and examine whether concordance varies by timing.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Retrospective cohort of 872 adult allo-HSCT recipients (2015-2024). Weekly rectal and oropharyngeal surveillance cultures were performed to detect ESBL-E and CRE. Categorical agreement between surveillance and bloodstream isolates was evaluated using the earliest and most recent surveillance cultures as reference. Factors associated with concordance were analysed using logistic regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 338 colonised patients, 47 developed BSI by the same organism. Rectal cultures showed high sensitivity (CRE 74.1%, ESBL-E 69.0%) with negative predictive value≥95%; oropharyngeal cultures were independently associated with CRE BSI. Full concordance was 33.3% with the earliest isolate and 53.3% with the most recent; specific β-lactam concordance improved from 36.7% to 70.0% (p<0.01). Each additional 7 days between the most recent surveillance culture and BSI onset independently reduced the odds of β-lactam concordance by approximately 15% (aOR 0.85 [0.74-0.98], p<0.05). ESBL-E phenotype was the dominant predictor of overall concordance (aOR 6.23 [1.1-34.1], p<0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The most recent surveillance isolate substantially outperforms the earliest as an empirical reference. The predictive value of surveillance culture antibiograms is time-dependent and mechanism-specific and should be interpreted accordingly.</p>","PeriodicalId":94198,"journal":{"name":"Revista espanola de quimioterapia : publicacion oficial de la Sociedad Espanola de Quimioterapia","volume":" ","pages":"427-438"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13633500/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149019112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Appropriateness of antibiotic selection at emergency department discharge and risk of 30-day adverse events in patients with acute exacerbation of COPD.","authors":"Raúl Perales-Muñoz, Raúl Alonso-Avilés, Sara Gayoso-Martín, Sara Aida Vinat-Prado, Luis Martín-Rodríguez, Luis Pérez-Ordoño, Antonio Caballero-Bermejo, José Pérez-Hopkins, Esther Gargallo-García, Cristian Vale-Varela, Iago Aldao-Argüelles, Armando Antiqueira-Pérez, Pablo Matías-Soler, Juan González-Del-Castillo","doi":"10.37201/req/247.2026","DOIUrl":"10.37201/req/247.2026","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To describe antibiotic prescribing patterns in acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) managed in emergency departments (EDs), assess the appropriateness of antibiotic selection according to Spanish guideline recommendations, and analyse its association with 30-day clinical outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Analysis derived from the multicentre retrospective EPOC-URG CAM registry (19 EDs in the Community of Madrid, 2022-2024), which included episodes of AECOPD. Antibiotic appropriateness was defined a priori according to national guideline recommendations. The primary outcome was the occurrence of an adverse event within 30 days, defined as recurrence of the exacerbation, ED revisit, hospitalisation, or death. The primary analysis was restricted to patients discharged directly from the ED with oral antibiotic treatment. Relative risks (RRs) were estimated using Poisson regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 4,136 episodes were analysed (mean age 74.5 ± 11.1 years; 68.3% male; 45.8% with a Charlson index ≥3). In the ED, 2,626 patients (63.5%) received antibiotics, with levofloxacin being the most frequently prescribed agent both in the ED (32.6%) and at discharge (39.3%). Patients' clinical profiles were very similar regardless of the antibiotic class prescribed at discharge. Of the 1,736 (42%) patients discharged directly from the ED, 987 (56.9%) received antibiotic treatment, and the prescription was considered inappropriate in 158 (16.0%). The incidence of 30-day adverse events was higher among patients receiving inappropriate antibiotic treatment (20.9% vs 13.3%; p=0.019). In the multivariable analysis, appropriate antibiotic treatment was the only modifiable factor independently associated with a lower risk of an adverse event (adjusted RR 0.59; 95% CI 0.41-0.85; p=0.004), whereas previous exacerbations (adjusted RR 1.80; 95% CI 1.15-2.83; p=0.010) and moderate exacerbation (adjusted RR 1.52; 95% CI 1.10-2.11; p=0.012) were associated with a higher risk.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Antibiotic prescribing for AECOPD managed in the ED was characterised by a predominance of fluoroquinolones and limited individualisation according to patients' clinical profiles. Among patients discharged directly from the ED, antibiotic selection in accordance with national recommendations was independently associated with a reduced risk of a 30-day adverse event.</p>","PeriodicalId":94198,"journal":{"name":"Revista espanola de quimioterapia : publicacion oficial de la Sociedad Espanola de Quimioterapia","volume":" ","pages":"439-450"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13633494/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149019129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficay of cefiderocol as salvage therapy in tricuspid endocarditis due to multidrug-resistant <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> during end-stage renal disease.","authors":"Antonio Mastroianni, Sonia Greco","doi":"10.37201/req/207.2026","DOIUrl":"10.37201/req/207.2026","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":94198,"journal":{"name":"Revista espanola de quimioterapia : publicacion oficial de la Sociedad Espanola de Quimioterapia","volume":" ","pages":"468-472"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13633493/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149019131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The PRECISE framework: a structured approach to antibiogram interpretation for antimicrobial optimization at the bedside.","authors":"Claudio Pérez-Oliva, Andrés Giglio, Marcio Borges-Sa","doi":"10.37201/req/235.2026","DOIUrl":"10.37201/req/235.2026","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Antimicrobial resistance claimed an estimated 4.95 million lives in 2019. When clinicians prescribe empiric therapy that follows guidelines, mortality drops by roughly a third; when they de-escalate on the basis of culture results, it drops by more than half. Yet the document that should drive both decisions, the antibiogram, is often read superficially or misinterpreted, particularly by physicians without infectious-disease training. Existing stewardship frameworks address prescribing principles, timing, or ecological impact, but none walks the clinician step by step through an individual susceptibility report and out the other side with a treatment plan. PRECISE is a seven-step mnemonic designed for that purpose. Each letter corresponds to a clinical action: Pathogen assessment, Resistance phenotype interpretation, Evaluate MIC, Curtail spectrum, Individualize PK/PD, Switch route, and Endpoint optimization. Three clinical vignettes (including one in which the steps deliberately collide) illustrate how the framework operates in practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":94198,"journal":{"name":"Revista espanola de quimioterapia : publicacion oficial de la Sociedad Espanola de Quimioterapia","volume":" ","pages":"398-408"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13633490/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148907860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Development and integration of ASP assessment tools for bacteraemia and infections caused by multidrug-resistant microorganisms in paediatrics].","authors":"Marta Echávarri-de-Miguel, Pablo Ciudad-Gutiérrez, Beatriz Leal-Pino, Belén Riva-de-la-Hoz, Aida Sánchez-García, Marta Taida García-Ascaso, Margarita Cuervas-Mons Vendrell","doi":"10.37201/req/189.2026","DOIUrl":"10.37201/req/189.2026","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Antimicrobial resistance is a major global public health challenge with particular implications in pediatrics. Antimicrobial stewardship programs (ASPs) require structured tools to assess prescribing quality, especially in complex clinical scenarios such as bloodstream infections and multidrug-resistant organism infections. The aim of this study was to design and implement a structured support program for managing these infections in a pediatric hospital, including an evaluation tool, a standard operating procedure, and its integration into the electronic health record.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The program was developed in 2025 within the ASP team of a tertiary pediatric hospital. Two evaluation tools were designed based on the AFinf methodology of the Spanish Society of Hospital Pharmacy and quality indicators reported in the literature. A standard operating procedure was developed in accordance with the PROA certification standards, and the tools were integrated into the hospital's electronic prescribing system.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Two structured evaluation tools were obtained (23 items for bloodstream infections and 21 for multidrug-resistant organisms), organized across four dimensions: patient identification, diagnostic adequacy, antimicrobial treatment adequacy, and ASP intervention. A multidisciplinary care pathway was formalized, and electronic integration was completed, enabling systematic data analysis.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The program represents a feasible strategy aligned with current ASP certification standards, with the added value of being specifically designed for the pediatric population, a setting where dedicated and validated tools remain a pressing need.</p>","PeriodicalId":94198,"journal":{"name":"Revista espanola de quimioterapia : publicacion oficial de la Sociedad Espanola de Quimioterapia","volume":" ","pages":"417-426"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13633495/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148709148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Pulmonary disease caused by <i>Mycobacterium szulgai</i>: a case report and literature review].","authors":"Ana Román-de-la-Torre, Raquel Marcos-Rodríguez, Alberto Badillo-Carrasco, Ana Belén Abreu-García, Javier Rodríguez-Granger","doi":"10.37201/req/191.2026","DOIUrl":"10.37201/req/191.2026","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":94198,"journal":{"name":"Revista espanola de quimioterapia : publicacion oficial de la Sociedad Espanola de Quimioterapia","volume":" ","pages":"456-463"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13633491/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148907823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hantavirus infection: global overview and current situation in Spain.","authors":"Emilio Bouza, Ana Sánchez Fructuoso, Ana Villegas, Jorge Alvar","doi":"10.37201/req/213.2026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37201/req/213.2026","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hantaviruses are rodent-borne zoonotic RNA viruses with a worldwide distribution and the capacity to cause severe human disease. More than 40 hantavirus species have been identified, of which over 20 are known to be pathogenic to humans. Old World hantaviruses are classically associated with Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome (HFRS), whereas New World hantaviruses predominantly cause Hantavirus Cardiopulmonary Syndrome (HCPS), a condition characterized by rapid progression to respiratory failure, shock, and substantial mortality. Human infection is usually acquired through the inhalation of aerosols contaminated with excreta from infected reservoir animals, primarily rodents, although person-to-person transmission has been demonstrated for the Andes virus. This review summarizes current knowledge on hantavirus biology, reservoirs, transmission, epidemiology, clinical manifestations, laboratory diagnosis, treatment, prognosis, and prevention, with particular emphasis on the situation in Spain. Worldwide, hantavirus infections remain underdiagnosed because many cases are asymptomatic or present with nonspecific clinical manifestations. Diagnosis relies mainly on serological and molecular methods. No universally effective antiviral therapy is currently available for hantavirus disease, and management remains largely supportive, with intensive care and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation playing a crucial role in severe cases. Evidence accumulated over the last three decades confirms the circulation of hantaviruses in Spain, both in animal reservoirs and in humans. Although clinically recognized disease remains uncommon, serological and ecological studies demonstrate that these infections are present in the country. Continued surveillance, improved diagnostic awareness, and the development of effective preventive and therapeutic strategies remain important public health priorities.</p>","PeriodicalId":94198,"journal":{"name":"Revista espanola de quimioterapia : publicacion oficial de la Sociedad Espanola de Quimioterapia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148537598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}