Polish journal of radiology最新文献

{"title":"Coexistence of brain arteriovenous malformations and intracranial aneurysms: analysis of associated factors.","authors":"Aleksandra Saganek, Joanna Ożga, Julia Jurga, Jerzy Krzeszowiak, Katarzyna Jankowska, Monika Ostrogórska, Paweł Brzegowy, Andrzej Urbanik","doi":"10.5114/pjr/218435","DOIUrl":"10.5114/pjr/218435","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To determine whether the characteristics of brain arteriovenous malformations (BAVMs) are associated with the coexistence of intracranial aneurysms (IAs).</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The analysis included imaging data of 89 patients who were diagnosed with the BAVM through digital subtraction angiography. Morphological characteristics of BAVMs and aneurysms, arterial supply and venous drainage of the BAVM, and the presence of intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) were retrospectively evaluated. A comparative analysis of the characteristics of the BAVMs was performed between the group with BAVMs alone and the group with BAVMs with aneurysms. The assessment of BAVMs was based on the Spetzler-Martin scale, while the classification of IAs was based on BAVM vascularity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>BAVMs associated with IAs (<i>n</i> = 28), compared to BAVMs alone (<i>n</i> = 61), showed no significant differences in BAVM nidus size (27.32 vs. 26.10 mm) or number of arterial supply sources (64.29% vs. 54.10% for a single source). BAVM patients with aneurysms experienced significantly more ICH (57.14% vs. 34.43%; <i>p</i> < 0.05). A total of 42 IAs with an average size of 4.92 mm were described, of which 42.86% were multiple. Flow-related aneurysms were the most common type (<i>n</i> = 26, 61.90%). The type of aneurysm had no statistically significant effect on the incidence of bleeding.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The coexistence of BAVMs and IAs was observed in 31.46% of patients in this study. The presence of IAs, regardless of their type, increased the risk of intracerebral bleeding in patients with BAVM.</p>","PeriodicalId":94174,"journal":{"name":"Polish journal of radiology","volume":"91 ","pages":"e412-e420"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13670101/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149217667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The \"yin-yang\" sign in an inguinal lymphatic malformation: a diagnostic pitfall induced by the Valsalva maneuver.","authors":"Umur Anil Pehlivan, Gurcan Erbay","doi":"10.5114/pjr/219934","DOIUrl":"10.5114/pjr/219934","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":94174,"journal":{"name":"Polish journal of radiology","volume":"91 ","pages":"e410-e411"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13670105/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149217797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Abbreviated MRI protocol in breast cancer diagnosis: comparison with the full diagnostic protocol.","authors":"Jiameng Si, Qian Xu, Xu He, Fukun Shi, Yihao Yan, Junjie Shu, Zhichao Feng, Lan Zhang","doi":"10.5114/pjr/222561","DOIUrl":"10.5114/pjr/222561","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Full diagnostic protocol breast magnetic resonance imaging (FDP-MRI) provides good sensitivity but is constrained by long acquisition times and high costs. Abbreviated magnetic resonance imaging (AMRI) protocols have been proposed to overcome these limitations. This study aimed to develop and validate AMRI protocols and evaluate their diagnostic performance against FDP-MRI in breast cancer diagnosis.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>This retrospective study included 220 women (mean age, 51.4 ± 11.3 years) with ultrasonography-detected lesions, who underwent FDP-MRI from September 2021 to September 2024. Three AMRI protocols were derived: non-contrast (NC)-AMRI: T2-weighted imaging + diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI); dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE)-AMRI A: first post-contrast subtracted (FAST) + maximum-intensity projection (MIP); and DCE-AMRI B: FAST + MIP + DWI. Two radiologists, blinded to pathology, independently interpreted all protocols and classified lesions using the Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (category ≥ 4 considered positive). Diagnostic performance was compared using Cochran's Q with post-hoc McNemar tests. Receiver operating characteristic curve and areas under the curve (AUCs) were analysed by DeLong's test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Acquisition times differed significantly between the protocols (FDP-MRI: 16 min 5 s; NC-AMRI: 4 min 20 s; DCE-AMRI A: 2 min 41 s; DCE-AMRI B: 6 min 35 s; all <i>p</i> < 0.001). DCE-AMRI A showed the highest sensitivity (85.26%) but the lowest specificity (74.49%). DCE-AMRI B achieved balanced performance with a sensitivity of 83.60% (95% confidence interval, CI: 75.82-89.69) and specificity of 85.71% (95% CI: 77.19-91.96), which was comparable to FDP-MRI (84.42% and 90.81%, respectively; all <i>p</i> > 0.05). DCE-AMRI B and FDP-MRI showed equivalent AUCs (0.847 vs. 0.876; <i>p</i> = 0.085).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The DCE-AMRI B protocol represents a time-efficient alternative to FDP-MRI, particularly suitable for women with limited tolerance to prolonged prone positioning, offering improved clinical accessibility and workflow efficiency without compromising diagnostic performance.</p>","PeriodicalId":94174,"journal":{"name":"Polish journal of radiology","volume":"91 ","pages":"e396-e409"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13670107/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149217732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CT-derived radiological markers for predicting severity and ICU admission in acute pulmonary embolism.","authors":"Yaşar İncekara, İbrahim Meral, Ömer Acat","doi":"10.5114/pjr/225890","DOIUrl":"10.5114/pjr/225890","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Acute pulmonary embolism (APE) is a potentially life-threatening condition requiring rapid risk stratification. Although computed tomography (CT) pulmonary angiography is the diagnostic gold standard, the prognostic value of CT-derived radiological markers remains incompletely defined.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>This retrospective study included 91 patients with APE. CT-derived radiological parameters - including the Qanadli obstruction index (QI), Mastora score, right ventricle/left ventricle (RV/LV) ratio, and RV wall thickness - were evaluated together with clinical severity scores (Pulmonary Embolism Severity Index [PESI], and its simplified version [sPESI]) and laboratory markers. Associations with disease severity and intensive care unit (ICU) admission were assessed using correlation and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the patients, 52.7% were female and 27.5% required ICU admission. PESI, sPESI, QI, Mastora score, and RV/LV ratio were significantly higher in ICU-admitted patients (all <i>p</i> < 0.01). QI correlated significantly with PESI (<i>r</i> = 0.433), disease severity (<i>r</i> = 0.565), D-dimer (<i>r</i> = 0.510), and troponin levels (<i>r</i> = 0.536) (all <i>p</i> < 0.001). The Mastora score showed similar significant associations with clinical severity indices, RV/LV ratio, and laboratory markers. ROC analysis demonstrated that PESI had the highest predictive accuracy for ICU admission (area under the curve, AUC = 0.849), followed by RV/LV ratio (AUC = 0.838), sPESI (AUC = 0.791), and both QI and Mastora score (AUC = 0.782). Platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, systemic immune-inflammation index, and RV wall thickness were not significant predictors.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>CT-derived obstruction indices and RV/LV ratio provide clinically meaningful prognostic information for ICU requirement in APE, particularly when integrated with established clinical severity scores.</p>","PeriodicalId":94174,"journal":{"name":"Polish journal of radiology","volume":"91 ","pages":"e387-e395"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13670106/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149217695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Endovascular therapy for acute non-terminal internal carotid artery occlusions.","authors":"Milena Miszczuk, Christoph Riegler, Christian H Nolte, Georg Bohner, Eberhard Siebert","doi":"10.5114/pjr/219237","DOIUrl":"10.5114/pjr/219237","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Acute stroke from non-terminal internal carotid artery (non-T ICA) occlusions presents with variable symptoms. Although collaterals influence stroke severity, their role in non-T ICA occlusions remains unclear. This study evaluated the safety and efficacy of endovascular therapy (EVT) for isolated non-T ICA occlusions and examined the impact of collateral status.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Patients treated with EVT for acute isolated non-T ICA occlusion between August 2015 and February 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. Demographic, clinical, imaging, and interventional data were collected. Regression models assessed associations between collateral status and clinical outcomes, symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH), and in-hospital mortality.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fifty-eight patients were included. Median Alberta Stroke Program Early Computed Tomography Score (ASPECTS) and National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) were 10 (interquartile range [IQR] 8-10) and 13 (IQR 7-18). Successful (modified Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction [mTICI] 2b-3) and complete (mTICI 3) reperfusion was achieved in 91% and 85%, respectively. sICH occurred in 5%, and in-hospital mortality was 21%. Excluding patients with pre-stroke disability, 42% achieved modified Rankin Scale (mRS) ≤ 2 at discharge. Good collaterals were associated with higher ASPECTS at discharge (9 vs. 7, <i>p</i> = 0.035) and numerically lower mortality (17% vs. 28%). Complete reperfusion (mTICI 3) was associated with favorable outcomes, with 100% reaching mRS ≤ 2 and ≤ 3 at discharge and 90 days, compared to poorer outcomes after incomplete reperfusion (mTICI 2b/c). Stroke etiology showed no association with collateral status.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>EVT for isolated non-T ICA occlusions is technically effective and appears to be reasonably safe, although clinical outcomes remain modest. Collateral quality was associated with imaging outcomes, while complete reperfusion after distal embolization was associated with better clinical recovery. Collateral assessment and careful management of distal emboli may aid treatment decision-making. The clinical effectiveness of EVT in this setting requires confirmation in controlled trials.</p>","PeriodicalId":94174,"journal":{"name":"Polish journal of radiology","volume":"91 ","pages":"e377-e386"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13670103/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149217658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Shear wave elastography and diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging for oral carcinoma and benign lesions with a focus on buccal, sublingual, and submandibular spaces.","authors":"Masanori Takada, Shuji Toya, Ichiro Ogura","doi":"10.5114/pjr/218634","DOIUrl":"10.5114/pjr/218634","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The aim of this study was to research shear wave elastography (SWE) and diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DWI) for oral carcinoma and benign lesions in buccal, sublingual, and submandibular spaces.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Eighteen patients with lesions in buccal, sublingual, and submandibular spaces were evaluated using SWE and DWI. Maximum shear elastic modulus data were analysed using a SWE software. Mean apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values were analysed using ADC maps with DWI. The shear elastic modulus and ADC value for oral carcinoma and benign lesions were compared using the Mann-Whitney <i>U</i> test. The relationship between shear elastic modulus and ADC value was assessed by Pearson's correlation coefficient.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The shear elastic modulus of the oral carcinoma (116.6 kPa) was higher than those of the benign lesions (47.0 kPa). The ADC value of oral carcinoma (1.14 × 10^-3 mm²s^-1) was lower than those of benign lesions (1.62 × 10^-3 mm²s^-1). The ADC value was significantly correlated with shear elastic modulus (Y = -88.8X + 207.2, <i>R</i> ² = 0.408, <i>p</i> = 0.004).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The SWE and ADC with DWI can be useful in the quantitative evaluation of oral carcinoma and benign lesions.</p>","PeriodicalId":94174,"journal":{"name":"Polish journal of radiology","volume":"91 ","pages":"e371-e376"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13670104/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149217718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MRI-based nomograms in rectal cancer: beyond lymph node metastasis prediction.","authors":"Rıza Deryol","doi":"10.5114/pjr/221635","DOIUrl":"10.5114/pjr/221635","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":94174,"journal":{"name":"Polish journal of radiology","volume":"91 ","pages":"e369-e370"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13670102/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149217746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Utility of signal enhancement ratio on DCE-MRI for detection of residual breast cancer following surgery or neoadjuvant chemotherapy - a pilot study.","authors":"Allen Johnson, Radha Sarawagi, Rajesh Malik","doi":"10.5114/pjr/217535","DOIUrl":"10.5114/pjr/217535","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Accurate detection of residual disease following breast-conserving surgery or neoadjuvant chemotherapy is essential for appropriate treatment planning in breast cancer. This retrospective pilot study aimed to evaluate the utility of the signal enhancement ratio (SER), a quantitative parameter derived from dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI), in detecting residual malignancy.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Fourteen women who underwent 3T bilateral breast DCE-MRI at a tertiary care centre in central India were included. SER maps were generated using voxel-wise calculations, and regions of interest were placed on areas of maximum enhancement. Residual disease was confirmed histologically in 4 patients and excluded in 10 patients (8 by histopathology, 2 by long-term follow-up).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Median SER was significantly higher in residual disease (136.2) compared to non-residual cases (44.0, <i>p</i> < 0.05). Morphological features showed high sensitivity (100%) but low specificity (50%). An SER cut-off of 90 improved specificity to 90% without loss of sensitivity.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>SER mapping may enhance diagnostic accuracy in post-treatment breast MRI, supporting its use as a quantitative adjunct.</p>","PeriodicalId":94174,"journal":{"name":"Polish journal of radiology","volume":"91 ","pages":"e361-e368"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13551575/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148914996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Radiomics analysis of parotid gland tumors using DWI and DCE-MRI: comparison of multiple machine learning models for differential diagnosis.","authors":"Longfeng Yang, Abuduxukuer Aili, Yu Wang, Zhuoheng Yan, Kunjie Zeng, Riyu Han, Xiaohui Duan","doi":"10.5114/pjr/218633","DOIUrl":"10.5114/pjr/218633","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To develop and validate the value of different radiomics models based on diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) images for preoperative discrimination of parotid gland tumors (PGTs).</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>A total of 158 patients with pathologically confirmed PGTs (123 benign and 35 malignant PGTs) were divided into training (<i>n</i> = 110) and test (<i>n</i> = 48) cohorts. A total of 963 radiomics features were extracted from DWI and DCE-MRI images. After dimensionality reduction and feature selection, three radiomics models based on DWI, DCE-MRI, and DWI + DCE-MRI were constructed by several machine learning algorithms. The optimal radiomics model was selected using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. The performance of the models was evaluated using ROC curve and area under the curve (AUC) analysis, and decision curve analysis (DCA) was conducted to estimate the clinical values.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Logistic regression (LR) was selected as the optimal classifier for distinguishing benign and malignant PGTs. The radiomics model based on DWI + DCE-MRI achieved the highest AUC values in the training and test cohorts (AUC = 0.915 and 0.861), outperforming the DCE-only model (AUC = 0.903 and 0.847) and the DWI-only model (AUC = 0.839 and 0.769). The DCA based on the DWI + DCE-MRI radiomics model demonstrated high clinical usefulness.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Radiomics is a useful tool for distinguishing malignant from benign PGTs. The radiomics predictive model that combines DWI and DCE-MRI yielded outstanding performance for improving clinical decision-making regarding the treatment of PGTs.</p>","PeriodicalId":94174,"journal":{"name":"Polish journal of radiology","volume":"91 ","pages":"e351-e360"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13551577/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148914959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Safety and diagnostic accuracy of image-guided transthoracic core needle biopsy in pediatric patients.","authors":"Ozgur Karabiyik, Nevzat Herdem, Muhammed Musa Onem, Emre Capar, Sibel Seckin Pehlivan, Guven Kahriman","doi":"10.5114/pjr/217646","DOIUrl":"10.5114/pjr/217646","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Image-guided transthoracic core needle biopsy (CNB) is a minimally invasive method widely used for diagnosing thoracic lesions. While its effectiveness and safety are well established in adults, data on its performance in pediatric populations are limited, necessitating further evaluation. This study aimed to assess the efficacy, diagnostic performance, and safety of image-guided transthoracic CNB in children with thoracic lesions.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>A retrospective study was conducted on 40 pediatric patients who underwent image-guided transthoracic CNB between May 2011 and January 2025. Biopsies were performed under ultrasound (US) or computed tomography (CT) guidance, depending on lesion location. Demographics, lesion characteristics, imaging modality, histopathology, and complications were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Technical success was 100%. Diagnostic accuracy was 95%, with a sensitivity of 95.2%, specificity of 100%, PPV of 100%, and NPV of 94.7%. CT was used for central intraparenchymal lung lesions (<i>n</i> = 11); US was used for mediastinal (<i>n</i> = 8), pleural (<i>n</i> = 9), and peripheral lung lesions (<i>n</i> = 12). Pneumothorax occurred in 18.2% (2/11) of CT-guided cases and 6.9% (2/29) of US-guided cases. One chest tube was required (3.4%). Pulmonary hemorrhage occurred in one CT-guided case (9.1%). There was no statistically significant difference in complication rates between the CT-guided and US-guided biopsy groups (<i>p</i> = 0.300).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Image-guided transthoracic CNB is a safe and reliable diagnostic technique for thoracic lesions in pediatric patients, offering high diagnostic accuracy with low complication rates.</p>","PeriodicalId":94174,"journal":{"name":"Polish journal of radiology","volume":"91 ","pages":"e343-e350"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13551576/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148914987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}