Photobiomodulation, photomedicine, and laser surgery最新文献

{"title":"Women with Genitourinary Syndrome of Menopause Treated with Vaginal Estriol, Microablative Fractional CO₂ Laser and Microablative Fractional Radiofrequency: A Randomized Pilot Study.","authors":"Carla Dias de Oliveira, Ana Maria Homem de Mello Bianchi, Madalena Leonor Pereira Campos, Maria Cristina Caceres Nogueira, Marair Gracio Ferreira Sartori, Neila Maria de Góis Speck","doi":"10.1089/photob.2023.0113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/photob.2023.0113","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Objective:</i></b> This pilot study intended to assess the feasibility of a large-scale randomized clinical trial designed to analyze the effectiveness of microablative fractional CO₂ laser (CO₂L) and microablative fractional radiofrequency (RF) compared with vaginal estriol (VE) as treatments for women with moderate-to-severe Genitourinary Syndrome of Menopause (GSM). <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Participants were randomized into VE, CO₂L, or RF groups. In the VE group, women were required to use vaginal estriol cream for 14 days and then twice a week for 4 months. In the CO₂L and RF groups, three energy therapies were administered at monthly intervals. Visual Analog Scale (VAS) for GSM symptoms, Female Sexual Function Index (FSF-I), Vaginal Health Index (VHI), and Nugent Score (NS) were analyzed before and 120 days after the beginning of the treatments. Pain scores were verified after each CO₂L and RF session. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Thirty-four participants completed the study: 11 in the VE group, 11 in the CO₂L group, and 12 in the RF group. No unexpected or serious adverse events were observed. We also verified that GSM symptoms, sexual function, and VHI significantly improved (<i>p</i> < 0.05) with no difference among the groups. NS did not show statistically significant difference before and after the treatments. Pain during RF application was associated with higher scores. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> The study is feasible and does not seem to have safety implications. Preliminary results suggest that CO₂L and RF are good alternatives to VE for ameliorating clinical symptoms, FSF-I, and VHI in patients with GSM. Clinical Trial Registration number: NCT04045379.</p>","PeriodicalId":94169,"journal":{"name":"Photobiomodulation, photomedicine, and laser surgery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138816102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preconditioning with Photobiomodulation as an Effective Method in Preventing Chemotherapy-Induced Oral Mucositis: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Marwa Khalil, Omar Hamadah, Maher Saifo","doi":"10.1089/photob.2023.0075","DOIUrl":"10.1089/photob.2023.0075","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Background:</i></b> Given the suffering experienced by cancer patients, effective solutions must be found to prevent the most painful and debilitating side effects of anticancer treatment. The use of photobiomodulation (PBM) with specific parameters has been proposed to prevent oral mucositis in adults undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation as well as in head and neck cancer patients receiving radiotherapy alone without chemotherapy. No recommendations were possible for patients undergoing chemotherapy alone. This systematic review aims to analyze the effectiveness of preconditioning by PBM in preventing chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> This study was performed in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses, PRISMA, Checklist and registered at the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO). We searched and identified articles of the subsequent bibliographic databases: PubMed and Cochrane. Revised Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for randomized trials (RoB 2.0) was used to assess the risk of bias of studies included in this review. <b><i>Results:</i></b> There were only six clinical trials examining the efficacy of PBM therapy in the primary prevention of chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis. All of the studies used lasers, except for one study that compared lasers with light-emitting diodes. The wavelength ranges from 630 to 830 nm. Irradiation parameters varied among the included studies. All studies showed good results for the use of PBM in the prevention of oral mucositis except for one study that found no benefit for the laser application. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> PBM has been shown to be effective in preventing oral mucositis when applied to healthy tissues. Finding the optimal protocol has been difficult due to the variability between studies, and therefore, further well-designed, controlled, blinded studies are recommended to precisely determine irradiation parameters and the number of sessions. This review has been registered at the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) under number CRD42023397771.</p>","PeriodicalId":94169,"journal":{"name":"Photobiomodulation, photomedicine, and laser surgery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136400901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Management of Oral Lesions in Chikungunya Virus Disease Using Photobiomodulation Therapy: A Therapy Worth Exploring.","authors":"Breno Amaral Rocha, Polianne Alves Mendes, Giovanna Ribeiro Souto, Paulo Eduardo Alencar Souza, Soraya de Mattos Camargo Grossmann, Martinho Campolina Rebello Horta","doi":"10.1089/photob.2023.0126","DOIUrl":"10.1089/photob.2023.0126","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":94169,"journal":{"name":"Photobiomodulation, photomedicine, and laser surgery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136400900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and Application of Prototype System Based on Light-Emitting Diode Arrays (660 nm) with a Top Hat Beam Profile in Order to Optimize Photobiomodulation Protocols for Treatment of Radiation-Induced Oral Mucositis in Rats.","authors":"Alaba Tolulope Agbele, Ahmad Reza Dehpour, Razieh Mohammad Jafari, Seyed Rabi Mehdi Mahdavi, Arash Elyassi, Mojtaba Seydi, Mahmood Bagheri, Moein Ala, Babak Arji Roudsari, Marjaneh Hejazi","doi":"10.1089/photob.2023.0021","DOIUrl":"10.1089/photob.2023.0021","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Background:</i></b> Oral mucositis (OM) is a common adverse effect of radiation to the head and neck. Recent research has shown that extra oral photobiomodulation (EO-PBM) reduces the severity of OM. However, appropriate EO-PBM therapy parameters for OM severity reduction have not been documented. <b><i>Objective:</i></b> This work aims to optimize EO-PBM radiation parameters for lowering the severity of radiation-induced OM in rats by establishing a photobiomodulation (PBM) treatment system based on light-emitting diode arrays with top-hat beam profile. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> The 36 rats are separated into 2 control groups and 4 groups receiving PBM treatment. The PBM groups are exposed to irradiance between 4 and 24 J/cm² at 660 nm. The cheek pouch mucosa is removed after scarification for biochemical and histological examination. Student's <i>t</i>-test, and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey's Multiple were applied to compare the statistical significance of differences between control groups and PBM treatment groups. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Statistical analysis reveals that PBM irradiation at 12 J/cm² (200 sec) with a flatness of 0.8 and a diameter of 3 cm substantially decreased the level of inflammatory cytokines compared with the positive control group. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Our results indicate that the designed treatment PBM system is capable of delivering the optical parameters necessary for therapeutic treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":94169,"journal":{"name":"Photobiomodulation, photomedicine, and laser surgery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"61567092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermographic Changes During Soft Tissue Incisions with Diode Infrared Lasers.","authors":"G Ed Roibu, Jamie Wu, Wei Hou, Rafael Delgado-Ruiz, Georgios E Romanos","doi":"10.1089/photob.2023.0033","DOIUrl":"10.1089/photob.2023.0033","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Objective:</i></b> This study aimed to demonstrate temperature changes and heat transfer patterns in soft tissues when using infrared (IR) diode lasers, utilizing thermographic techniques. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Bovine tongue slices (5 mm thick) were placed between two glass slides at 11 cm from a thermographic camera. Twenty-two centimeter-long incisions were made along the soft tissue parallel to the camera capture field. Incisions were performed using the 970 and 980 nm lasers (continuous wave, 2-watt, 320 μm-thick glass initiated, and noninitiated fiber tips, 30-sec irradiation). The maximum temperature changes in ^oC (ΔT) and the vertical and lateral heat transfer (in mm) were recorded for 30 sec, using the thermographic images captured using the IR camera. The ΔT and the amount of lateral and vertical heat distribution were measured in 10-sec intervals for a 30-sec irradiation period. A repeated analysis of variance (ANOVA) (<i>p</i> < 0.05) statistical test was used to analyze the statistical differences between the average ΔT and heat transfer patterns between the initiated and noninitiated lasers. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The maximum ΔT for the 970 nm diode laser with initiated tips at the 30-sec mark was 17.81 ± 11.48, while the maximum ΔT for the 980 nm diode laser with initiated tips was 13.24 ± 6.90 (<i>p</i> = 0.041). Statistically significant differences between the vertical and horizontal heat transfer patterns were noted between the initiated and noninitiated diode lasers. The 980 nm diode laser with initiated tips proved to have statistically significant greater vertical and lateral heat transfer when compared to the 970 nm diode laser. The 970 nm diode laser with noninitiated tips proved to have a statistically significant higher heat distribution when compared to the 980 nm laser with noninitiated tips. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Different near-IR lasers present differences in lateral heat and tissue penetration, using initiated or noninitiated fibers, and due to these differences, power settings and irradiation period must be considered to avoid risks due to overheating.</p>","PeriodicalId":94169,"journal":{"name":"Photobiomodulation, photomedicine, and laser surgery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71416422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison Between Optimal Pulsed Technology and Meibomian Gland Massage Treatment for Contact Lens-Related Meibomian Gland Dysfunction.","authors":"Bin Zhang, Tao Yao, Wei He","doi":"10.1089/photob.2023.0054","DOIUrl":"10.1089/photob.2023.0054","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Objective:</i></b> The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of optimal pulsed technology (OPT) and meibomian gland massage (MGM) in alleviating the signs and symptoms of contact lens-related meibomian gland dysfunction (CL-MGD). <b><i>Methods:</i></b> This prospective, randomized, controlled study included 90 patients (180 eyes) diagnosed with CL-MGD and were assigned to the OPT group (<i>n</i> = 60 eyes), MGM group (<i>n</i> = 60 eyes), and control group (<i>n</i> = 60 eyes). All participants were examined at baseline (D0), day 21 (D21), and day 42 (D42) for the ocular surface disease index (OSDI), noninvasive tear break-up time (NITBUT), noninvasive tear meniscus height (NITMH), meibomian gland score (MGS), meibomian gland score (MGYSS), best-corrected visual acuity, and intraocular pressure. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The OSDI scores and NITBUT improved after treatment in all the three groups. The OSDI scores in OPT and MGM groups were significantly lower compared with that in the control group at D21 and further decreased at D42. The NITBUT in OPT and MGM groups increased compared with the control group at D21 and further increased at D42, and the NITBUT in OPT group increased compared with the MGM group at D21 and D42. The MGYSS both improved after treatment in the OPT and MGM groups, The MGYSS in OPT and MGM groups decreased compared with the control group at D21 and further decreased at D42, and the MGYSS in the OPT group decreased compared with the MGM group at D21 and D42. The NITMH and MGS had no differences after treatment. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Results imply that OPT or MGM treatment can be safely used to relieve symptoms of CL-MGD. In addition, OPT treatment was found to be more effective in improving the general stability of the tear-film in CL-MGD.</p>","PeriodicalId":94169,"journal":{"name":"Photobiomodulation, photomedicine, and laser surgery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136400899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of Laser Treatment in Adhesive Bonding of Liners to Polymethyl Methacrylate Denture Resins: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Mai M Alhamdan","doi":"10.1089/photob.2023.0066","DOIUrl":"10.1089/photob.2023.0066","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Objective:</i></b> This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the influence of laser treatment on adhesive bonding of liners to polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) denture base resins. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> The focused question was: \"Does the application of laser treatment (Intervention) influence the adhesive bonding strength (Outcome) of liners to PMMA denture base resins (Population) as compared with untreated or unconditioned surfaces (Control)?\" <i>In vitro</i> and clinical reports as well as reports on influence of laser treatments on bonding strength of liners to PMMA denture resins in comparison with untreated surfaces were included. Reports without any control group[s], without any application of laser[s] for PMMA denture bases that did not utilize PMMA denture bases, and not evaluate bond strength of PMMA denture base resins were excluded. An electronic search was conducted on PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. Meta-analyses were performed for calculating the standard mean difference (SMD) with a 95% confidence interval (95% CI). <b><i>Results:</i></b> Nine of the 12 included studies found that laser irradiation treatment produced significant surface texture alterations of the PMMA denture base and improved the adhesion between the PMMA denture base and soft lining. According to the meta-analysis, tensile bond strength showed an SMD of -2.49% (95% CI: -3.89 to -1.08; <i>p</i> = 0.0005), suggesting a statistically significant difference between the control and test groups (i.e., favoring laser-treated samples than untreated samples). Regarding shear bond strength scores, the outcomes showed an SMD of -2.24% (95% CI: -3.79 to -0.69; <i>p</i> = 0.005), suggesting a statistically significant difference between the control and test groups (i.e., favoring laser-treated samples than untreated samples). <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Despite the high heterogeneity among the included studies, it can be concluded that laser treatment might improve the bonding strengths of liners to PMMA denture base resins as compared with untreated surfaces. To validate the aforementioned conclusions, further verification is required through the implementation of well-designed randomized controlled trials with large sample sizes.</p>","PeriodicalId":94169,"journal":{"name":"Photobiomodulation, photomedicine, and laser surgery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71430635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Photobiomodulation Therapy on Hard Tissue Healing in Rat Tooth Extraction Sockets.","authors":"Jian Song, Peng-Jie Hao, Da-Peng Xu, Wen-Juan Zhou, Jiang Shang","doi":"10.1089/photob.2023.0082","DOIUrl":"10.1089/photob.2023.0082","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Objective:</i></b> To investigate the effects of photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) on hard tissue healing in rat maxillary first molar extraction sockets. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> A total of 20 male Wistar rats were used in the study. The right extraction sockets were irradiated with a Ga-Al-As laser (500 mW, 980 nm) for 51.7 J/cm² every 24 h for 7 days, while the left sockets served as controls. Rats were sacrificed on days 3, 7, 14, and 28 after tooth extraction, and microcomputed tomography (CT) analysis, histopathological evaluation, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were conducted at different time points. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Micro-CT analysis showed that the percentage of bone volume/tissue volume (TV) and bone mineral density were significantly higher in the experimental group compared to the control group on day 28 (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Histopathological evaluation revealed that PBMT promoted new bone formation and accelerated bone remodeling. ELISA demonstrated a significant increase in alkaline phosphatase expression in the laser sides on days 7 and 14 (<i>p</i> < 0.05). <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> One application postextraction followed by seven consecutive daily applications of PBMT can effectively promote hard tissue healing in rat maxillary first molar extraction sockets.</p>","PeriodicalId":94169,"journal":{"name":"Photobiomodulation, photomedicine, and laser surgery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71430636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Management of Cancer Therapy-Induced Oral Mucositis Using Photobiomodulation Therapy: An Overview of Systematic Reviews.","authors":"Matheus Vieira Nascimento,&nbsp;Fabio Wildson Gurgel Costa,&nbsp;Osias Vieira de Oliveira Filho,&nbsp;Paulo Goberlânio de Barros Silva,&nbsp;Karina Matthes de Freitas Pontes","doi":"10.1089/photob.2023.0091","DOIUrl":"10.1089/photob.2023.0091","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Objective:</i></b> To systematically summarize the evidence for photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) in the prevention and treatment of oral mucositis (OM) in patients undergoing cancer treatment. An electronic search was conducted in 8 databases and grey literature. <b><i>Background:</i></b> PBMT is recommended for the management of OM resulting from cancer treatment, with several systematic reviews (SRs) being published in recent years on this topic. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Only SRs with outcomes from clinical trials were included, with no language or year restriction. The AMSTAR 2 tool was used to assess the methodological quality of the SRs. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Five thousand eight hundred fifty-six references were found, and 16 were selected for this review. OM prevention and treatment were favorable for PBMT in most studies, with a significant reduction in OM severity. Most studies obtained moderate confidence. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> PBMT represents an effective strategy in the management of OM, and this evidence is supported by studies with acceptable methodological quality.</p>","PeriodicalId":94169,"journal":{"name":"Photobiomodulation, photomedicine, and laser surgery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41172335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Veterinary Dental Photobiomodulation: Assessing Post-Treatment Gingival Inflammation in Canines.","authors":"Andrea H Watson,&nbsp;Cord M Brundage","doi":"10.1089/photob.2023.0065","DOIUrl":"10.1089/photob.2023.0065","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Objective:</i></b> This research aims to determine the effect photobiomodulation treatment has on oral inflammation after routine dental prophylaxis in canines. <b><i>Background:</i></b> Photobiomodulation therapy after dental procedures has been documented to reduce inflammation in human and animal models. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Canines were randomly assigned into three groups: control group (CG; <i>n</i> = 15), left side treated group (LTG; <i>n</i> = 15), and right side treated group (RTG; <i>n</i> = 15). The canines in the treatment groups received four points of irradiation [GaAlInP-650 nm, continuous wave (CW), 0.1 W, 0.2 W/cm², 100 sec, 10 J, 20 J/cm²]. The gingiva was evaluated by a veterinary investigator blinded to the treatment groups for erythema and edema on the day following treatment. Student's <i>t</i>-test and Student's paired <i>t</i>-test were used for data analysis. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Reductions in composite inflammation (<i>p</i> = 0.008) and erythema (<i>p</i> = 0.030) were observed in the LTG relative to the CG at the location of the left dental arcade. Reductions in composite inflammation (<i>p</i> = 0.025) and erythema (<i>p</i> = 0.013) were also observed in the combined treated arcades of the LTG and RTG when compared to the CG. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> The results indicate that the canines who received a single photobiomodulation treatment on the left dental arcade demonstrated a decrease in inflammation and erythema.</p>","PeriodicalId":94169,"journal":{"name":"Photobiomodulation, photomedicine, and laser surgery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41163811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}