Photobiomodulation, photomedicine, and laser surgery最新文献

{"title":"Pulsed Radiofrequency Alleviates Acute Soft Tissue Injury in Rats by Regulating the TNF/mTOR Signaling Pathway.","authors":"Jianyun Ma, Xue Xu, Ying Zhang, Xiaoli Guo, Yunzhong Sun, Xiaochuan Wang, Lei Zhao, Qiming Shen","doi":"10.1089/photob.2024.0113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/photob.2024.0113","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Objective:</i></b> Acute traumatic muscle injuries are common and result in substantial loss of time and risk of recurrence. Pulsed radiofrequency (PR) is a strategy that has been gradually adopted for treating muscle injuries in clinical practice. However, the molecular mechanism underlying its therapeutic effects is currently unclear. <b><i>Materials and Methods:</i></b> In this study, we screened the gene expression profiles of rats with muscle contusion obtained from the online dataset GSE162565. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses of the differentially expressed genes were conducted. Further, we established an acute soft tissue injury (ASTI) rat model and applied PR treatment. Muscle swelling rate analysis, malondialdehyde (MAD) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) content, inflammatory cytokine release, and hematoxylin and eosin staining of the gastrocnemius muscles of ASTI and ASTI + PR rats were performed, and the results were compared with those of control rats. Further, we evaluated the gene expression of <i>Ccl1</i>, <i>interleukin-6</i> (<i>IL-6</i>), <i>nuclear factor-kappa-B-inhibitor alpha</i> (<i>Nfkbia</i>), <i>Akt1</i>, <i>Jun</i>, <i>Fos</i>, and <i>Caps3</i> in the model and PR-treated groups, all of which are key genes in the tumor necrosis factor (TNF)/mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway according to the KEGG analysis. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The results revealed that 52 genes involved in the TNF/mTOR signaling pathway were closely associated with ASTI progression in rats. PR treatment significantly reduced the malondialdehyde content but increased the SOD content in ASTI model rat muscles, efficiently alleviated muscle contusions and reduced TNF-α and IL-1β production. Moreover, PR treatment significantly decreased <i>Ccl1</i>, <i>IL-6</i>, and <i>Nfkbia</i> expression but increased <i>Akt1</i>, <i>Jun</i>, <i>Fos</i>, and <i>Caps3</i> levels in ASTI models. These data indicate that PR alleviated ASTI in rats by mediating redox homeostasis and the inflammatory response, which might be modulated by the TNF/mTOR signaling pathway. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Thus, this study contributes to the understanding of ASTI progression and provides more substantial information about the genetic mechanism underlying the therapeutic effects of PR on ASTI.</p>","PeriodicalId":94169,"journal":{"name":"Photobiomodulation, photomedicine, and laser surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143805219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Photobiomodulation on Periodontal Clinical Status of Patients with Cancer During Chemotherapy: A Randomized Clinical Trial.","authors":"Parsa Firoozi, Dara Ghaznavi, Reza Fekrazad","doi":"10.1089/photob.2024.0110","DOIUrl":"10.1089/photob.2024.0110","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Objective:</i></b> This interventional prospective double-blind randomized study investigated the adjunctive inflammation-modulatory effects of photobiomodulation therapy on the periodontal clinical parameters of patients undergoing chemotherapy. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Twenty diagnosed patients with cancer were enrolled in this split-mouth trial. Patients were randomized to implantation with either SRP alone in one quadrant or with five sessions of adjunctive photobiomodulation using a diode laser (density of energy = 2 J/cm² | wavelength = 635 nm | power = 50 mW | spot diameter = 4 mm | exposure time = 5 s | continuous mode) on the other quadrant. The gingiva was radiated buccally and lingually. The laser beam was positioned 3 mm vertically away from the gingival surface and at a right angle to it. Before chemotherapy, all participants were given oral hygiene training and received SRP. In the same session, the patient's baseline clinical measures were taken immediately after the beginning of one chemotherapy session, interventions for each side were started and clinical parameters including gingival index (GI), plaque index (PI), clinical attachment level (CAL), and pain/burning sensation after one chemotherapy session were obtained. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Regarding GI and PI, both control and test groups showed favorable results compared with baseline. However, the adjunctive photobiomodulation group outperformed the control group in one chemotherapy session regarding both abovementioned indices (<i>p</i> < 0.05). The photobiomodulation+scaling and root planing (SRP) group showed promising results in terms of gingival discomfort reduction and SRP alone was not effective. No significant effect was observed regarding CAL in both groups (<i>p</i> > 0.05). <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that photobiomodulation promotes gingival health and reduces PI and GI indices. Photobiomodulation also alleviates pain or burning in the gingiva. Accordingly, adjunctive photobiomodulation therapy may be suggested as a supplementary treatment in patients with cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":94169,"journal":{"name":"Photobiomodulation, photomedicine, and laser surgery","volume":" ","pages":"124-132"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143416401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Er,Cr:YSGG Laser Disinfection on the Bond Strength of Bioactive-Restorative Materials to Caries-Affected Dentin.","authors":"Aybuke Uslu Tekce, Josep Arnabat-Dominguez, Sevil Gurgan","doi":"10.1089/photob.2024.0149","DOIUrl":"10.1089/photob.2024.0149","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Objective:</i></b> This study aimed to evaluate the effects of different Er,Cr:YSGG laser disinfection protocols on the bonding performance of bioactive restorative materials to caries-affected dentin (CAD). <b><i>Background:</i></b> With the adoption of minimally invasive caries removal techniques, bonding to CAD has become increasingly important. Adhesion challenges caused by CAD can be overcome through the application of effective disinfection methods and the selection of compatible bioactive restorative materials. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> A total of 120 human third molars (240 specimens) were prepared, with dentin surfaces exposed under water cooling. After pH-cycling to simulate CAD, specimens were assigned to four disinfection groups: no disinfection (C), 2% chlorhexidine gluconate (CHX), Er,Cr:YSGG laser at 0.5 W (L1), and 1 W (L2). Four restorative materials (<i>n</i> = 12 per group)-G-ænial Achord (a resin composite used as the control group), Equia Forte HT, Beautifil-II Restorative, and Cention Forte-were applied according to manufacturers' instructions. Shear bond strength (SBS) testing was conducted on 192 specimens, while energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) analyzed F, P, and Ca on 48 specimens, and scanning electron microscopy images were obtained from representative specimens. <b><i>Results:</i></b> CHX disinfection significantly improved SBS compared to the control group. Among restorative materials, G-ænial Achord showed the highest SBS, while Equia Forte HT demonstrated the lowest (<i>p</i> < 0.05). L1 disinfection combined with G-ænial Achord achieved the highest bond strength, whereas its combination with Equia Forte HT resulted in the lowest (<i>p</i> < 0.05). EDS revealed increased fluoride content on CAD surfaces treated with CHX. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Er,Cr:YSGG laser disinfection at 0.5W improved bonding performance for resin composites. Selecting a disinfection protocol based on the restorative material is crucial for optimizing adhesion to CAD.</p>","PeriodicalId":94169,"journal":{"name":"Photobiomodulation, photomedicine, and laser surgery","volume":" ","pages":"133-147"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143517778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Shedding Light on the Therapeutic Efficiency of Oxygen-Releasing Gel and Photodynamic Therapy as Adjuvants in the Treatment of Experimental Periodontitis.","authors":"Valdir Gouveia Garcia, Daniela Maria Janjácomo Miessi, Tiago Esgalha da Rocha, Natália Amanda Gomes, João Victor Soares Rodrigues, Edilson Ervolino, Rubens Moreno de Freitas, Mark Wainwright, Rafael Scaf de Molon, Letícia Helena Theodoro","doi":"10.1089/photob.2024.0083","DOIUrl":"10.1089/photob.2024.0083","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Objectives:</i></b> We aimed to compare the effectiveness of oxygen-releasing gel (Blue®M [BM]) alone or associated with photodynamic therapy (PDT), after scaling and root planing (SRP), as adjuvants during the treatment of ligature-induced experimental periodontitis (EP). <b><i>Materials and Methods:</i></b> For this aim, Wistar rats underwent EP by placing a cotton ligature around the lower first molar. Ligatures were maintained for 7 days and were subsequently removed. Then, rats were arbitrarily allocated into five groups: EP group-untreated animals; SRP group-SRP followed by the application of saline; BM group-SRP followed by the application of BM gel (0.4 mL); PDT group-SRP followed by photosensitizer and low power laser irradiation (660 nm, 40mW, 60 s); and BM+PDT-SRP followed by BM and later PDT. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Treatment with BM, PDT, and BM+PDT groups at both 7 and 30 days resulted in decreased alveolar bone destruction compared with the EP and SRP groups. At 30 days, the PDT and BM+PDT groups enhanced the resolution of inflammation by decreasing the inflammatory infiltrate and increasing alveolar bone neoformation, as evidenced by increased immunostaining of osteocalcin, transforming growth factor beta 1, bone morphogenetic protein-2, and -4. The BM group showed positive effects regarding the inhibition of bone resorption and inflammation but was less effective when compared with the PDT group. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> In conclusion, our findings demonstrate that PDT significantly reduces alveolar bone loss and enhances connective tissue repair. Treatment with BM gel alone also decreases bone loss and ameliorates the repair of periodontal tissues. However, combining BM with PDT appears to diminish the effects of PDT.</p>","PeriodicalId":94169,"journal":{"name":"Photobiomodulation, photomedicine, and laser surgery","volume":" ","pages":"159-172"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143652914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and Safety of TANIT Platform Combining Dampened Bioactive Current and Functional Dermal Stimulation for the Treatment of Adipose Tissue in Patients with Stage I or II Lipedema.","authors":"Ysabel C Casart Quintero, Juan de Dios Pérez Bruzón, Randolfo Javier Fernández Peñuela, Ana Sánchez Hidalgo","doi":"10.1089/photob.2024.0027","DOIUrl":"10.1089/photob.2024.0027","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Purpose:</i></b> The study's main objective was to assess the efficacy and safety of TANIT, a platform combining functional dermal stimulation with damped bioactive current and mechanical stimulation to reduce adipose tissue (AT) in patients with stage I (SI) or II (SII) lipedema. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> A single-center, before-after clinical trial without a control group was conducted on adult women diagnosed with SI or SII lipedema. Patients underwent a treatment protocol for 5 weeks, with weekly sessions. Blood tests, AT thickness, pain threshold, and anthropometric measurements were assessed at baseline and the end of the study, and a satisfaction survey was conducted after treatment. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Twenty-three women were enrolled with a mean age of 44.91 (standard deviation 11.58) and a median of 46.00 (Q25 = 36.50, Q75 = 51.50). Seven (30.4%) patients had SI lipedema and 16 (69.6%) had SII. The pain threshold increased in 78.3% of patients at the knee level and 80.0% at the ankle level. Lower limb volume decreased in 78.3% of patients. AT thickness decreased in all treated areas, with a mean decrease of 26.1% at the ankles, 14.5% at the knees, and 17.4% at the trochanter level. Patients reported high satisfaction with the results obtained after the treatment sessions, and no unexpected adverse effects were found. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> The TANIT platform provided an effective and safe conservative treatment option for patients with S and SII lipedema, reducing leg volume, AT thickness, and pain. However, additional randomized clinical trials and standardized assessment tools would be necessary.</p>","PeriodicalId":94169,"journal":{"name":"Photobiomodulation, photomedicine, and laser surgery","volume":" ","pages":"148-158"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143371473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potentiated Effects of Photobiomodulation and Celecoxib on the Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition Signaling of <i>E-Cadherin</i>, <i>N-Cadherin</i>, <i>α-SMA</i> in Breast Cancer Cells, MCF7, and MDA-MB-231.","authors":"Parisa Ashrafi, Soyar Sari, Fatemeh Javani Jouni, Jaber Zafari, Fatemeh Asgari","doi":"10.1089/photob.2024.0155","DOIUrl":"10.1089/photob.2024.0155","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Background and Objective:</i></b> Breast cancer (BC) is one of the most common cancers among women, with a high potential for metastasis. The epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is crucial in the invasion and metastasis of cancer cells. This research was designed to examine the efficacy of photobiomodulation therapy in combination with celecoxib in inhibiting the EMT process. We also analyzed the changes in the expression of <i>E-cadherin</i>, <i>N-cadherin</i>, and <i>α-SMA</i> genes in BC cell lines MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231. <b><i>Material and Methods:</i></b> In this study, the IC₅₀ of celecoxib was first determined using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay for both cell lines. The cells were then treated with celecoxib, laser irradiation, and their combination. A migration assay was performed to evaluate the cell migration. Real-time polymerase chain reaction also assessed the changes in the expression of the abovementioned genes. <b><i>Results:</i></b> A combination of celecoxib and laser therapy significantly reduced the migration of cancer cells. Additionally, the potentiated effect of the combined therapy altered the expression levels of the aforementioned genes, indicating the potential role of the combination treatment in regulating EMT. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Our research discloses that combining laser therapy with celecoxib could serve as an effective therapeutic approach to inhibit BC invasion and metastasis by targeting the EMT process and decelerating disease progression. Further investigations are essential to validate these results in clinical environments.</p>","PeriodicalId":94169,"journal":{"name":"Photobiomodulation, photomedicine, and laser surgery","volume":" ","pages":"115-123"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143484926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of Artificial Intelligence in Photomedicine.","authors":"Sepehr Fekrazad, Michael Hamblin, Reza Fekrazad","doi":"10.1089/photob.2024.0153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/photob.2024.0153","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":94169,"journal":{"name":"Photobiomodulation, photomedicine, and laser surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143733709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical and Microbiological Effectiveness of Diode Laser for Treating Patients with Stage II Grade A Periodontitis Patients: Split-Mouth Study.","authors":"Mohamed Hany Abd El Mageed, Salah A Yousief, Sultan Alanazi, Mohamed Fouad Edrees, Azza A Abushama, Ibraheem Mahmoud Mwafey, Mahmoud Abd-Allah Mohammed Mekkey, Ali Barakat, Ahmed Mohammed Sleem Abdelglel, Sally A ElHaddad","doi":"10.1089/photob.2024.0118","DOIUrl":"10.1089/photob.2024.0118","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Objectives:</i></b> This split-mouth randomized controlled clinical trial aimed to evaluate the efficacy of diode laser therapy as an adjunct to scaling and root planning (SRP) in the management of patients with stage II grade A periodontitis. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Thirty participants were randomly assigned to receive either SRP alone (control group) or SRP and diode laser application (study group) on the contralateral side. Clinical parameters (plaque index, gingival index, probing depth, and clinical attachment level) and microbiological markers; <i>Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (A actinomycetemcomitans)</i>, <i>Porphyromonas gingivalis (P gingivalis)</i>, and <i>Fusobacterium nucleatum (F nucleatum)</i> were evaluated at baseline and at 4, 8, and 12 weeks post-treatment. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Both groups reported significant improvements in all clinical parameters over the follow-up period. The study group reported a significantly higher reduction in probing depth at 12 weeks than the SRP-alone group. Microbiological evaluation revealed significantly greater reductions in <i>P gingivalis and F. nucleatum</i> levels in the study group at later time points, whereas no significant alterations were observed for <i>A actinomycetemcomitans</i>. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Our results suggest that the adjunctive use of diode laser therapy may improve the clinical and microbiological findings of nonsurgical periodontal management in patients with stage II grade A periodontitis.</p>","PeriodicalId":94169,"journal":{"name":"Photobiomodulation, photomedicine, and laser surgery","volume":" ","pages":"103-113"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143401119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of Photobiomodulation Therapy Combined with Pelvic Floor Exercises on Postpartum Coccydynia: A Randomized Controlled Trial.","authors":"Shreen R Abdoelmagd, Ahmed Mahmoud Kadry, Walaa M Ragab, Dina M A Alhamaky, Yasser R Lasheen, Reem M Alwhaibi, Hoda M Zakaria, Afaf M Botla","doi":"10.1089/photob.2024.0140","DOIUrl":"10.1089/photob.2024.0140","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Objective:</i></b> This study was conducted to investigate whether the addition of photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) to pelvic floor exercises (PFEs) is more effective in treating postpartum coccydynia compared with either modality alone. <b><i>Background:</i></b> Postpartum coccydynia is a widespread condition that significantly affects the quality of life. Inflammation as a response to childbirth trauma and weakening of the muscles and ligaments attached to the coccyx are presumed causes of postpartum coccydynia. Finding effective modalities to manage this condition will help the quality of life for most women. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Sixty women aged 25-35 years with postpartum coccydynia ≥6 weeks were randomly allocated to Group A (PBMT + hot pack + PFEs), Group B (PBMT + hot pack), and Group C (placebo PBMT + hot pack + PFEs). All groups received 12 sessions over 4 weeks of hot packs plus their allocated active treatment (PBMT and/or PFEs). Outcomes were pain intensity (visual analog scale), lumbar flexion range of motion (ROM) (modified Schober test), and self-reported disability (Oswestry Disability Index). The assessors were blinded to group allocation. <b><i>Results:</i></b> All the measured outcomes showed significant differences (<i>p</i> < 0.001), with the superiority of Group A over the other groups (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Within groups, all groups showed statistically significant improvement from baseline across outcomes (<i>p</i> < 0.05). <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Adding PBMT to PFEs is recommended in the management of postpartum coccydynia as this combination resulted in greater reductions in pain and disability, along with improved lumbar flexion ROM.</p>","PeriodicalId":94169,"journal":{"name":"Photobiomodulation, photomedicine, and laser surgery","volume":" ","pages":"83-89"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143061860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Primary Dentin Conditioning with Methylene Blue Activated Photodynamic Therapy, Phytic Acid, and Er,Cr:YSGG to Resin-Modified Glass Ionomer Cement in Comparison to Conventional Polyacrylic Acid.","authors":"Faisal Ali Bin Abbooud AlQhtani, Fayez Hussain Niazi, Sadatullah Syed, Shan Sainudeen, Muhammad Abdullah Kamran, Lujain Sultan Alzuman, Atheer Majid Bin Saidan, Azza A Abushama","doi":"10.1089/photob.2024.0116","DOIUrl":"10.1089/photob.2024.0116","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Aim:</i></b> Impact of surface conditioner phytic acid (IP6) Er,Cr:YSGG laser (ECYL) methylene blue photodynamic therapy (MB-PDT) on the microleakage and shear bond strength (SBS) of resin-modified glass ionomer cement (RMGIC) to primary sound dentin. <b><i>Material and method:</i></b> Overall, 80 extracted sound primary molars were collected followed by their submergence in self-cure acrylic resin. The dentin surface was exposed and made flat and was assigned into four groups based on the surface conditioning. Group 1: polyacrylic acid (PAA), Group 2: 1% IP6, Group 3: ECYL, and Group 4: MB-PDT. RMGIC restorative material was bonded to primary dentin. Marginal leakage assessment was performed using silver nitrate. SBS and failure mode assessment were performed using a universal testing machine and stereomicroscope. Mean and standard deviations of SBS and marginal leakage were compared using analysis of variance and multiple comparisons of Tukey's post-hoc test <i>(p</i> < 0.05). <b><i>Results:</i></b> MB-PDT treated specimens displayed the highest values of marginal leakage (37.56 ± 1.25 nm) and lowest SBS (7.93 ± 1.03 MPa). However, samples in Group 2 conditioned with IP6 presented the lowest dye penetration score (11.23 ± 1.22 nm) and highest bond strength scores (11.12 ± 0.82 MPa). <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> IP6 and ECYL have proved to be better alternatives in terms of low microleakage and improved SBS scores to PAA as a primary dentin surface conditioner for bonding RMGIC restoration. Conversely, MB-PDT, when employed as a dentin surface conditioner for RMGIC restorations, exhibited suboptimal results, characterized by elevated microleakage and compromised bond strength.</p>","PeriodicalId":94169,"journal":{"name":"Photobiomodulation, photomedicine, and laser surgery","volume":" ","pages":"96-102"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143019330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}