Photobiomodulation, photomedicine, and laser surgery最新文献

{"title":"The Role of Photobiomodulation Therapy in Enhancing Neurogenesis: Mechanisms and Applications.","authors":"Wenhao Wang, Qianting Deng, Timon Cheng-Yi Liu, Luodan Yang","doi":"10.1177/25785478261490751","DOIUrl":"10.1177/25785478261490751","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Adult neurogenesis, critical for neural repair and functional plasticity, is impaired in neurological disorders including Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and traumatic brain injury (TBI).</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This review summarizes the physiological basis of adult neurogenesis and photobiomodulation (PBM) fundamentals, clarifies PBM-induced neurogenesis mechanisms, evaluates its pre-clinical/clinical efficacy and safety, and addresses translational challenges to support clinical translation.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>We synthesized relevant literature, covering adult neurogenesis characteristics, PBM principles/mechanisms, pre-clinical studies in disorder models, clinical safety/efficacy data, and comparisons with conventional neurogenic therapies.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>PBM promotes neurogenesis via regulating neural stem cell activity, mitochondrial function, and oxidative stress. Pre-clinical/clinical evidence confirms its safety and efficacy; despite parameter and long-term safety challenges, it has great potential in neuroregenerative medicine.</p>","PeriodicalId":94169,"journal":{"name":"Photobiomodulation, photomedicine, and laser surgery","volume":" ","pages":"687-708"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149067061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Photobiomodulation Irradiation Protocols for Burning Mouth Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Protocol-Level Meta-Analysis of Randomized Trials.","authors":"Soo-Min Ok, Misoon Lee","doi":"10.1177/25785478261484370","DOIUrl":"10.1177/25785478261484370","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To evaluate the effects of photobiomodulation therapy/low-level laser therapy (PBMT/LLLT) on burning mouth syndrome (BMS) and to explore whether irradiation protocol variables modify treatment effects.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Randomized controlled trials were synthesized according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) and Cochrane guidance. The protocol was registered in International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) (CRD420261329136). Random-effects meta-analyses evaluated pain, Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14), xerostomia, anxiety, and depression. Irradiation-related subgroup analyses, including wavelength, power, fluence, irradiation time, session frequency, treatment duration, and application mode, were exploratory.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eighteen trials were included. PBMT/LLLT reduced pain (mean difference [MD] -1.09, 95% confidence interval [CI]: -1.60 to -0.57; <i>I</i>² = 89%) and improved OHIP-14 (MD -3.82, 95% CI: -4.79 to -2.86; <i>I</i>² = 41%). Xerostomia and depression were not significantly improved, whereas anxiety showed a modest reduction. Several irradiation protocol variables showed nominal exploratory signals.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>PBMT/LLLT may reduce BMS-related pain and improve oral-health-related quality of life. Current evidence supports irradiation protocol standardization but remains insufficient to define an optimal protocol.</p>","PeriodicalId":94169,"journal":{"name":"Photobiomodulation, photomedicine, and laser surgery","volume":" ","pages":"661-673"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149013551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Therapeutic Potential of Pioglitazone-Augmented Indocyanine Green-Driven Photodynamic Therapy in Papillary Thyroid Cancer: An <i>In Vitro</i> Study.","authors":"Derya Sema Yaman Kalender, Mehmet Eren Kalender, Nermin Topaloğlu","doi":"10.1177/25785478261486643","DOIUrl":"10.1177/25785478261486643","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Among thyroid malignancies, papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) occurs most frequently, and therapeutic resistance remains a major obstacle in advanced disease. In this study, we evaluated the potential of pioglitazone (PIO), a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma agonist, to enhance the efficacy of indocyanine green (ICG)-mediated photodynamic therapy (PDT) in B-CPAP human PTC cells.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>After dose optimization, PIO and ICG were tested individually and in combination with laser irradiation (808 nm, 50 J/cm²). The 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) test was utilized to assess cell viability, while intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) were examined to better elucidate the underlying mechanisms.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>PIO alone showed minimal cytotoxicity in B-CPAP cells, whereas ICG-PDT induced a moderate reduction in viability. The combined treatment with 64.5 μM ICG and 509.0 μM PIO under PDT conditions significantly decreased cell survival to ∼50%, resulting in a substantial elevation in ROS levels and disruption of MMP. Importantly, this combination also exhibited cytotoxic effects in a non-malignant thyroid epithelial cell line (Nthy-ori 3-1), though to a lesser extent.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings demonstrate that PIO potentiates the antitumor activity of ICG-PDT by inducing oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction. This <i>in vitro</i> approach suggests a rational, combinatorial strategy that merits further investigation in preclinical models of thyroid cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":94169,"journal":{"name":"Photobiomodulation, photomedicine, and laser surgery","volume":" ","pages":"652-660"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148932228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Photobiomodulation and Migraine: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Potential.","authors":"Lucas da Silva Machado, Allan Yukawa Schwartz, Rosane de Fátima Zanirato Lizarelli, Afonso Shiguemi Inoue Salgado, Rodrigo Álvaro Brandão Lopes-Martins, Sérgio Gomes da Silva, Fabrizio Dos Santos Cardoso","doi":"10.1177/25785478261486506","DOIUrl":"10.1177/25785478261486506","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Background:</i> Migraine is a prevalent and disabling neurological disorder involving mitochondrial dysfunction, neuroinflammation, altered cortical excitability, and neurovascular dysregulation. Photobiomodulation, a noninvasive intervention based on red or near-infrared light, has emerged as a promising strategy due to its multimodal biological effects.<i>Objective:</i> This narrative review aimed to synthesize current evidence on the biological mechanisms and therapeutic potential of photobiomodulation in migraine.<i>Methods:</i> A literature search was conducted in PubMed/MEDLINE for studies published up to June 2026, focusing on photobiomodulation, low-level laser therapy, migraine, headache, and related biological mechanisms.<i>Results:</i> Mechanistic evidence indicates that photobiomodulation enhances mitochondrial respiration, increases ATP production, restores redox homeostasis, and modulates nitric oxide signaling, contributing to improved cerebral perfusion and neurovascular coupling. In addition, photobiomodulation attenuates neuroinflammatory responses by reducing pro-inflammatory cytokines and glial activation while promoting neuroplasticity and cortical homeostasis. Preclinical models relevant to migraine, including trigeminovascular activation, nitroglycerin-induced hypersensitivity, and cortical spreading depression, support its translational plausibility by demonstrating reductions in hyperalgesia, oxidative stress, and neural inflammation.<i>Conclusion:</i> Although migraine-specific evidence remains limited, photobiomodulation represents a safe and potentially disease-modifying therapeutic approach. Future controlled clinical trials are needed to determine optimal stimulation parameters and clinical efficacy in migraine management.</p>","PeriodicalId":94169,"journal":{"name":"Photobiomodulation, photomedicine, and laser surgery","volume":" ","pages":"674-686"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148993327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Feasibility and Patient-Reported Outcomes of Full-Body Red and Near-Infrared Photobiomodulation for Musculoskeletal Pain in a Predominantly Hispanic/Latino Population: A Single-Arm Pilot Study.","authors":"Robson Dias Scoz, Frida Garza, Ivana Burberg, Isabella Moreno, Melissa Espinosa Cantu, Mia Dominguez, Juan Gonzalez","doi":"10.1177/25785478261481618","DOIUrl":"10.1177/25785478261481618","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To characterize feasibility, tolerability, and patient-reported outcomes after a 10-session full-body red and near-infrared photobiomodulation (PBM) protocol for musculoskeletal pain in a predominantly Hispanic/Latino community sample.</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>PBM is a non-pharmacological intervention with potential analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects. Evidence from community-based and Hispanic/Latino populations remains limited, and full-body LED protocols are incompletely standardized.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This single-arm observational pilot study included 40 adults with self-reported acute or chronic musculoskeletal pain. Participants completed baseline and post-protocol Qualtrics surveys. The intervention used a full-body LED panel emitting 630, 660, 830, and 850 nm light in continuous-wave mode for 20 min per session, across 10 sessions. Forty baseline and post-protocol records were deliberately paired and verified by the research team. Outcomes included global and regional perceived pain improvement, functional domains, acceptability, and safety. An exploratory paired analysis used conservatively estimated post-intervention regional pain scores because the same ordinal intensity scale was not directly repeated after treatment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants had a mean age of 37.2 years (SD 19.9); 62.5% were female and 87.5% identified as Hispanic/Latino. Global improvement was reported by 35/38 respondents (92.1%; 95% CI, 78.6-98.3%), immediate pain relief after the first session by 26/35 (74.3%; 95% CI, 56.7-87.5%), and willingness to recommend PBM by 38/40 (95.0%; 95% CI, 83.1-99.4%). Functional improvement ranged from 60.0% for sleep quality to 82.5% for muscle stiffness and energy. Exploratory estimated total pain burden decreased from a median of 6.0 (IQR, 2.0-12.5) to 3.5 (IQR, 1.0-9.0; <i>p</i> < 0.001; r = 0.88). One participant reported a negative or uncomfortable feeling; event severity and duration were not captured.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Full-body red/NIR PBM was feasible and highly acceptable in this community sample and was associated with substantial perceived benefit. The uncontrolled design, non-validated survey outcomes, and estimated rather than directly measured post-intervention pain scores preclude efficacy conclusions. These findings support a sham-controlled trial using validated, directly repeated outcome measures and prospectively calibrated dosimetry.</p>","PeriodicalId":94169,"journal":{"name":"Photobiomodulation, photomedicine, and laser surgery","volume":" ","pages":"633-641"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148803916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Efficacy of CO₂ Laser-Activated CPP-ACP, Nano-Hydroxyapatite, and Self-Assembling Peptide P11-4 on Enamel Remineralization and Pit and Fissure Sealant Adhesion in Demineralized Primary Dentition.","authors":"Abeer Ali Alshami, Hiba Faisal Kattan","doi":"10.1177/25785478261486500","DOIUrl":"10.1177/25785478261486500","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>To compare the effects of different remineralizing agents, namely nano-hydroxyapatite (Nano-HA), casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP), carbon dioxide (CO₂) laser-activated CPP-ACP, and Curodont^™ Repair, on the resin tag length (RTL), shear bond strength (SBS), and calcium/phosphate (Ca/P) ratio of artificially demineralized primary molar enamel.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>A total of 130 caries-free primary molars were subjected to standardized chemical demineralization, following occlusal surface flattening with a flat-end diamond bur. The specimens were randomly distributed into five groups according to the type of remineralization technique (<i>n</i> = 26): Group 1 (Control), Group 2 (CPP-ACP), Group 3 (CPP-ACP + CO₂ laser), Group 4 (0.15% Nano-HA), and Group 5 (Curodont Repair). After pretreatment, eight samples per group were assessed for Ca/P ratio using energy dispersive spectroscopy. Pit and fissure sealants (PFSs) were applied to all the remaining specimens (<i>n</i> = 18). RTL was assessed in eight specimens per group using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), whereas SBS was measured in the remaining 10 specimens using a universal testing machine. Failure mode analysis was conducted using stereomicroscopic evaluation. Statistical comparisons were performed using analysis of variance and Tukey's post hoc test (<i>p</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Group 4 (0.15% Nano-HA) achieved the highest mean Ca/P ratio (2.27 ± 0.18), significantly superior to all other groups. The longest RTL (54.22 ± 2.45 μm) and highest SBS (10.12 ± 0.21 MPa) were recorded in the Nano-HA group. Conversely, Curodont Repair produced the shortest RTL (23.21 ± 1.43 μm) and weakest SBS (7.89 ± 0.14 MPa) among all tested groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Nano-HA demonstrated the most favorable influence on RTL, SBS, and Ca/P ratio before PFS placement on demineralized primary molar enamel, followed by CPP-ACP with or without CO₂ laser adjunction. Curodont Repair improved the Ca/P ratio but failed to enhance sealant bonding.</p>","PeriodicalId":94169,"journal":{"name":"Photobiomodulation, photomedicine, and laser surgery","volume":" ","pages":"642-651"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149027319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy Reveals Differential Species Susceptibility and Ecological Shifts in <i>Candida albicans-Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> Mixed Model.","authors":"Jiahe Li, Liang Zhou","doi":"10.1177/25785478261481597","DOIUrl":"10.1177/25785478261481597","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong><i>Candida albicans</i> and <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> are frequently co-isolated from refractory endodontic infections. Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) is a promising adjunctive disinfection strategy; however, its efficacy against polymicrobial communities containing structurally distinct organisms remains unclear.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate methylene blue-mediated aPDT at three energy densities (15, 30, and 60 J/cm²) against a dual-species coculture model and to investigate the ecological consequences of differential species susceptibility.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Dual-species biofilms were established on silicone substrates. Mature cocultures were treated with 100 µM methylene blue and irradiated with 630 nm light-emitting diode (LED) light. Morphological changes were assessed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM); bacterial and fungal viability were quantified by colony forming unit assays on species-selective media.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>aPDT produced dose-dependent structural damage to <i>P. aeruginosa</i>. SEM showed approximately 90% morphological reduction, and viable counts fell by approximately 1.95 log₁₀ (≈99%) at 60 J/cm². <i>C. albicans</i> remained morphologically intact across all energy densities. Selective, dose-dependent bacterial inactivation, confirmed by viable counts, was accompanied by secondary fungal overgrowth. <i>C. albicans</i> proliferation rates reached 460-690% within 18 h.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Differential species susceptibility to methylene blue-mediated aPDT disrupts microbial competitive equilibrium in polymicrobial communities. Optimized aPDT protocols for polymicrobial endodontic infections should incorporate antifungal components to prevent secondary fungal proliferation.</p>","PeriodicalId":94169,"journal":{"name":"Photobiomodulation, photomedicine, and laser surgery","volume":" ","pages":"626-632"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148803877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heat-Shock and Cold-Shock Proteins in Energy-Based Aesthetic Medicine.","authors":"Kyu-Ho Yi, Ting Song Lim, Olena Sydorchuk","doi":"10.1177/25785478261493763","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/25785478261493763","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Energy-based aesthetic devices alter tissue temperature across defined spatial and temporal distributions, producing biological effects commonly described as collagen contraction, neocollagenesis, elastogenesis, adipocyte injury, or tissue tightening. These clinical labels encompass distinct processes including protein damage, cellular stress adaptation, inflammation, cell death, extracellular matrix turnover, and long-term remodeling. Heat-shock proteins (HSPs) and mammalian cold-shock proteins provide a mechanistic framework for interpreting these responses.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;To evaluate the roles of heat- and cold-responsive proteins in energy-based aesthetic medicine and propose a temperature-time-depth framework linking device-specific tissue exposure to molecular, histological, and clinical responses.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Materials and methods: &lt;/strong&gt;A structured narrative review was conducted using targeted PubMed searches and examination of reference lists from pivotal mechanistic and human-tissue studies. Literature through August 2026 was considered. Priority was given to studies reporting tissue-temperature measurements, human skin biopsies, spatial histology, protein or RNA measurements, controls, serial assessments, and late clinical or structural outcomes.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Heat activates heat-shock factor 1 and induces HSP70, HSP27, HSP90, and other chaperones. HSP47 (SERPINH1) is particularly relevant to dermal remodeling because it is an endoplasmic reticulum collagen chaperone required for procollagen folding, trafficking, and secretion. Human studies of fractional laser and radiofrequency, together with emerging microfocused ultrasound histology, support a sequence in which early stress and inflammatory responses precede HSP47-positive fibroblast recruitment and matrix remodeling. However, HSP induction alone does not establish durable clinical tightening, and excessive thermal exposure may cause necrosis, fibrosis, scarring, dyschromia, or injury to nerves and fat. Mammalian cold adaptation involves cold-inducible RNA-binding protein (CIRBP/CIRP) and RNA-binding motif protein 3 (RBM3), best characterized during sustained mild hypothermia near 32°C-34°C. These proteins regulate RNA stability, translation, metabolism, and cell survival. Their adaptive intracellular functions must be distinguished from profound cold injury and extracellular CIRP-mediated inflammation. Direct evidence linking aesthetic cooling to CIRBP- or RBM3-mediated dermal neocollagenesis remains insufficient.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;Mechanistic interpretation should be based on measured biological dose, tissue compartment, and response timing rather than console temperature, surface temperature, or device category alone. Heat-shock mechanisms are supported for several thermal modalities, whereas cold-shock-mediated aesthetic neocollagenesis remains a translational hypothesis requiring direc","PeriodicalId":94169,"journal":{"name":"Photobiomodulation, photomedicine, and laser surgery","volume":" ","pages":"25785478261493763"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149172232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermal, Morphological, and Optical Analysis in the Removal of Ceramic Veneers with Er:YAG Laser.","authors":"Mateus Cóstola Windlin, Daniela Maria Cerqueira Leite, Bruna M Santos, Fatima Zanin, Aldo Brugnera Junior, Daniela Teixeira Silva, Denise Maria Zezell","doi":"10.1177/25785478261478010","DOIUrl":"10.1177/25785478261478010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Er:YAG lasers offer an innovative, minimally invasive alternative for removing ceramic laminates. However, safe parameters preventing thermal and morphological damage require precise establishment.</p><p><strong>Background/objectives: </strong>To evaluate the debonding efficacy and thermal safety of Er:YAG laser irradiation on lithium disilicate veneers, focusing on thermal behavior, shear bond strength, and morphological alterations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study utilized 120 enamel slabs for shear bond strength and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and 24 whole extracted teeth for temperature analysis. Ceramic veneers were cemented with a resin cement. Irradiations used an Er:YAG laser (2940 nm) at mean powers from 2 to 6 W (100-300 mJ) and repetition rates of 18 and 20 Hz, with 50/50 water/air cooling. Cement and ceramic optical absorption was characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The resin cement exhibited high absorption at 2940 nm. Increasing mean laser power reduced shear bond strength, shifting fracture patterns toward adhesive failures and facilitating veneer removal. Intrapulpal and periapical temperature variations remained within biologically safe limits. SEM revealed cement remnants but preserved enamel morphology.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The Er:YAG laser is a safe and effective method for debonding lithium disilicate veneers. Tested parameters successfully compromised the adhesive interface without inducing harmful thermal effects or irreversible morphological damage to the enamel, achieving the proposed objectives.</p>","PeriodicalId":94169,"journal":{"name":"Photobiomodulation, photomedicine, and laser surgery","volume":" ","pages":"579-586"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148803925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Facial Vascular Lesions Treated with a 532-nm Laser: A Case Series and a Targeted Literature Review.","authors":"Luca Guarino, Elena Zappia, Welisar Petrow, Giovanni Cannarozzo, Luca Gargano, Marco Virone, Alessandro Clementi, Marco Marcasciano, Mario Sannino, Ester Del Duca, Annunziata Dattola, Giovanni Pellacani, Steven Paul Nisticò","doi":"10.1177/25785478261474669","DOIUrl":"10.1177/25785478261474669","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Superficial facial vascular lesions such as telangiectasia and persistent erythema are common, and 532-nm laser platforms are widely used, although published evidence is heterogeneous. Our primary aim is to illustrate, in practical terms, how a 532-nm laser is applied across diverse superficial facial vascular phenotypes and to document the treatment parameters used, with a focused contextual review providing clinical background rather than an efficacy assessment. We describe 10 patients treated with a 532-nm platform, set against this focused review.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Retrospective, single-arm, uncontrolled, non-consecutive descriptive case series of 10 outpatients (Fitzpatrick phototypes I-III) treated with a 532-nm platform (QuadroStarPRO GREEN); outcomes were assessed by paired clinical photographs and the patient-reported Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale (GAIS).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Photographic review suggested near-complete apparent improvement in three cases, marked in five, and moderate in two. GAIS was very much improved in 4/10, much improved in 4/10, and improved in 2/10. Mild transient erythema or edema occurred in 6/10; no persistent adverse events occurred.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This illustrative, hypothesis-generating series documents practical 532-nm parameters across diverse superficial facial vascular phenotypes, with favorable short-term outcomes and acceptable tolerability; it is not intended to establish efficacy. Confirmation requires prospective, consecutive cohorts with standardized imaging and longer follow-up.</p>","PeriodicalId":94169,"journal":{"name":"Photobiomodulation, photomedicine, and laser surgery","volume":" ","pages":"587-596"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148665415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}