Photobiomodulation, photomedicine, and laser surgery最新文献

{"title":"Can Photobiomodulation Therapy Reduce Salivary Nitrite in Oral Mucositis? A Systematic Review.","authors":"Marwa Khalil, Ghiyath Soliman, Ali Hasan, Hasan Khalil","doi":"10.1177/25785478251370450","DOIUrl":"10.1177/25785478251370450","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Background:</i></b> Oral mucositis (OM) is a frequent and debilitating adverse effect of cancer treatments, primarily mediated by oxidative stress and inflammatory pathways involving reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide. Photobiomodulation (PBM) therapy has emerged as a potential intervention to mitigate OM severity by regulating these mechanisms. This review examines the influence of PBM on salivary nitrite concentrations-a key biomarker of oxidative stress-in patients with OM. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> A systematic literature search was conducted across PubMed and the Cochrane Library, encompassing clinical trials published up to June 2025. Included studies investigated the effects of PBM on salivary nitrite levels in patients receiving anticancer therapy. Methodological quality was assessed using the Revised Cochrane Risk of Bias tool (RoB 2.0). <b><i>Results:</i></b> Three studies satisfied the inclusion criteria. Although variations existed among the studies regarding anticancer treatment modalities and PBM irradiation parameters, all consistently reported a reduction in salivary nitrite levels following PBM therapy. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> PBM therapy appears effective in alleviating OM severity, potentially attributable to its capacity to decrease salivary nitrite concentrations. Additional research is warranted to validate these preliminary findings and optimize PBM protocols for clinical implementation.</p>","PeriodicalId":94169,"journal":{"name":"Photobiomodulation, photomedicine, and laser surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144877682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phototherapy in Geriatric Patients: Ten Years of Clinical Experience in a Tertiary Dermatology Clinic.","authors":"Gökçe Işıl Kurmuş, Dilek Menteşoğlu, Selda Pelin Kartal","doi":"10.1177/15578550251364196","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15578550251364196","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Background:</i></b> Phototherapy is a well-established treatment for various chronic inflammatory dermatoses, yet data on its safety and efficacy in geriatric populations remain limited. Older adults face unique clinical challenges due to age-related physiological changes, comorbidities, and polypharmacy, which may impact treatment responses and tolerance. <b><i>Objective:</i></b> This study aimed to evaluate the safety, efficacy, and clinical outcomes of phototherapy in elderly patients treated over a 10-year period at a tertiary dermatology center. <b><i>Materials and Methods:</i></b> A retrospective analysis was conducted on patients aged ≥65 years who received ≥8 sessions of phototherapy between 2013 and 2023. Narrowband UVB (NB-UVB), systemic psoralen plus ultraviolet A (PUVA), and localized PUVA therapies were administered using standardized protocols. Diagnosis-specific clinical criteria were used to assess treatment response. Data on adverse events, recurrence, and the need for additional sessions were recorded. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The study included 149 patients (mean age 70.2 ± 5.0 years; 44.3% female, 55.7% male) with 19 distinct dermatologic diagnoses. The most common indications were psoriasis (24.8%), generalized pruritus (18.1%), mycosis fungoides (11.4%), and lichen planus (6.7%). NB-UVB was used in 85.2% patients, while 10.1% received local PUVA and 4.7% underwent systemic PUVA. Overall, 83.2% of patients demonstrated clinical improvement. The highest treatment durations and cumulative doses were observed in mycosis fungoides (mean 9.3 months, 88.7 J/cm²) and lichen planus (9.5 months, 59.6 J/cm²). Adverse events occurred in 12.8%, predominantly mild erythema and pruritus. Recurrence was noted at 18.1%, and 16.1% required additional sessions. Despite 40.9% of patients using photosensitizing medications, no severe phototoxic reactions were observed. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Phototherapy is a safe, effective, and well-tolerated treatment option for elderly patients with a variety of dermatologic conditions. The high clinical response rates, even in complex and refractory cases, support its continued use in this population. With its favorable safety profile and non-systemic nature, phototherapy remains a particularly suitable modality in the context of multimorbidity and polypharmacy. Further large-scale, multicenter prospective studies are warranted to establish standardized protocols tailored for geriatric populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":94169,"journal":{"name":"Photobiomodulation, photomedicine, and laser surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144786284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antimicrobial Efficacy and Dentinal Tubule Penetration of the Photosensitizer Acai (<i>Euterpe Oleracea</i> Martius): A New Approach in Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy in Endodontics.","authors":"Letícia Penna Felisberto, Mariana Mota Campos Mariano Chompanidis, Alexandre Sigrist De Martin, Carlos Eduardo Fontana, Carolina Pessoa Stringheta, Josemberg da Silva Baptista, Carlos Eduardo da Silveira Bueno, Sérgio Luiz Pinheiro","doi":"10.1089/photob.2024.0147","DOIUrl":"10.1089/photob.2024.0147","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Objectives:</i></b> This study evaluated in vitro the antimicrobial efficacy and penetration depth of acai as a photosensitizer (PS) using or not using passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI). <b><i>Background:</i></b> Acai extracts have attracted attention as potential photosensitizing molecules, especially because of their natural origin. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> A total of 150 mandibular molars were instrumented with the ProTaper Next system. Ninety canals were inoculated with standard strains of <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i> for 21 days and randomly divided into six groups (<i>n</i> = 15): AC: acai; MB: methylene blue; BL: blue laser irradiation; RL: red laser irradiation; AC+BL: acai irradiated with blue laser; and MB+RL: methylene blue irradiated with red laser. Microbiological samples were collected from the canals before (no treatment group) and after the procedures described for each group. Dentinal tubule penetration was assessed in the remaining 60 canals, randomly divided into four groups (<i>n</i> = 15): MB; MB+PUI; AC; and AC+PUI. The PSs MB and acai were placed into the canals and agitated or not with an ultrasonic tip. The roots were sectioned and analyzed under a stereomicroscope. The results were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test and analysis of variance (Tukey's test). <b><i>Results:</i></b> The greatest reduction in microbial counts occurred in the MB+RL, AC+BL, and AC groups (<i>p</i> < 0.0001). The amount of bacteria after the procedures in log colony forming units (CFU)/mL was MB+RL: 3.59, AC+BL: 5.32, and AC: 5.24. There was no significant difference in penetration depth between MB and acai, using or not using PUI, in the coronal, middle, or apical thirds (<i>p</i> > 0.05). <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Acai can be used as an antimicrobial agent for disinfection of the root canal, showing similar results when photoactivated or not.</p>","PeriodicalId":94169,"journal":{"name":"Photobiomodulation, photomedicine, and laser surgery","volume":" ","pages":"363-372"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144164151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Platelet-Rich Plasma Combined with a Low-Frequency Pulsed Electromagnetic Field Alleviates Sciatic Nerve Injury by Regulating the AMPK/mTOR Signaling Pathway.","authors":"Qiming Shen, Jianyun Ma, Ying Zhang, Xiaoli Guo, Yunzhong Sun, Xiaochuan Wang, Xue Xu, Lei Zhao","doi":"10.1089/photob.2024.0124","DOIUrl":"10.1089/photob.2024.0124","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Objective:</i></b> Sciatic nerve injury (SNI) is a complex neurological disease, and its occurrence and development are closely related to the apoptosis signaling pathway. The mechanism of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) combined with a low-frequency pulsed electromagnetic field (LFPEMF) regulating apoptosis has not been fully elucidated. <b><i>Materials and Methods:</i></b> The SNI gene chip dataset GSE172064 and data from sham (<i>n</i> = 3) and SNI (<i>n</i> = 3) rats were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the SNI and sham groups were identified with the online tool GEO2R. Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) databases were used to analyze the functional and pathway enrichment of genes in the most important modules. A SNI rat model induced by sciatic nerve crush treatment was established. PRP was injected into the severed end of nerve sutures combined with LFPEMF treatment in SNI rats for 8 weeks. Neuronal regeneration was determined via hematoxylin-eosin (HE) and Nissl staining. The protein levels of the adenosine monophosphate-activated protein (AMPK)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway and apoptosis markers were detected through quantitative real-time-PCR and immunohistochemistry. <b><i>Results:</i></b> This study identified 255 DEGs, including 119 upregulated genes and 136 downregulated genes. GO enrichment and KEGG analyses were performed on the DEGs and revealed functional enrichment mainly in the AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway. Further, the number of Nissl bodies was significantly greater in SNI rats treated with PRP+LFPEMFs than in control rats. The immunohistochemistry results revealed significantly decreased levels of Bax and caspase-3 in the sciatic nerve regions of SNI rats treated with PRP+LFPEMFs. In addition, the Bcl-2 level was increased in SNI rats stimulated with PRP+LFPEMFs. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Therefore, this study suggests that PRP combined with LFPEMF treatment inhibits apoptosis in the sciatic nerve during the onset of crush injury by regulating the AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway, thereby promoting neuronal regeneration and potentially serving as a therapeutic strategy for SNI.</p>","PeriodicalId":94169,"journal":{"name":"Photobiomodulation, photomedicine, and laser surgery","volume":" ","pages":"354-362"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144499982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transcranial Photobiomodulation and Firefighter Health and Wellness: A Single-Arm, Open-Label Pilot Study.","authors":"David F Tate, Hannah M Lindsey, Elisabeth A Wilde","doi":"10.1177/15578550251362096","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15578550251362096","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Background:</i></b> First responders are often exposed to many physically and mentally stressful events throughout their careers, and common complaints include poor sleep quality, chronic pain, post-traumatic stress symptoms, mood dysregulation, and cognitive impairments. <b><i>Objective:</i></b> We performed an open protocol, active treatment-only study with a small sample of male firefighters (<i>n</i> = 16) to examine the effects of transcranial photobiomodulation (PBM) on self-reported symptom measures and objective measures of cognitive function. <b><i>Methods/Materials and Methods:</i></b> The treatment consisted of 810 nm near-infrared light to the head using four transcranial LEDs and one intranasal LED. Treatment duration was 20 min per session, 3-4 sessions per week for 8 weeks. <b><i>Results:</i></b> We found significant pre-/post-treatment improvements with moderate-to-large effect sizes in mood and post-traumatic stress symptoms, pain interference, and readiness for social reintegration, and across all measures of fluid cognition. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> This proof-of-concept study also demonstrated no significant side effects, good compliance, and feasibility of use in a first responder population. Though additional research is required, PBM may present a relatively cost-effective, well-tolerated, low-risk, and easy-to-use treatment to enhance both specific symptoms and general wellness.</p>","PeriodicalId":94169,"journal":{"name":"Photobiomodulation, photomedicine, and laser surgery","volume":" ","pages":"337-345"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144736376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Preventive and Rehabilitative Effects of Photobiomodulation on Orthodontically Induced Root Resorption: A Systematic Review of Animal Studies.","authors":"Lin Kong, Jingyi Hou, Ying Zhao","doi":"10.1089/photob.2025.0059","DOIUrl":"10.1089/photob.2025.0059","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Objective:</i></b> To critically assess the preventive and rehabilitative effects of photobiomodulation (PBM) on orthodontically induced root resorption (OIRR). <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Six databases (PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, Web of Science, Scopus and OpenGrey) were electronically searched up to September 12, 2024 to retrieve animal studies about PBM and OIRR. The risk of bias (ROB) of included studies was assessed by the SYRCLE's tool. The effects of PBM on OIRR are regarded as OIRR prevention and OIRR rehabilitation by irradiation during or after orthodontic tooth movement. The PBM protocols for reducing and rehabilitating OIRR were summarized separately. <b><i>Results:</i></b> A total of 15 studies were ultimately included in this review. Regarding OIRR rehabilitation, all 4 relevant studies confirmed that laser significantly reduced root resorption degree, root resorption area (RRA) and root resorption volume, respectively. As for 13 studies investigating OIRR prevention, 9 studies (5 involving laser and 4 involving light-emitting diode [LED]) supported the positive effects of PBM, 3 studies (2 involving laser and 1 involving LED) showed no effects, 1 study reported that laser irradiation increased RRA and LED did no effect. 10 studies ranked unclear ROB and 5 studies presented high ROB. Due to considerable clinical and statistical heterogeneity among included studies, the meta-analysis was not performed. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Within current evidence of animal studies, laser-based PBM might be promising to rehabilitate OIRR. Considerable controversy still exists on the preventive effect of PBM on OIRR. Further study is needed to detect effective dose and irradiation methods of PBM on OIRR prevention.</p>","PeriodicalId":94169,"journal":{"name":"Photobiomodulation, photomedicine, and laser surgery","volume":" ","pages":"323-336"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144251671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of a Combined Collagen Stimulation Procedure Consisting of 675 nm Laser Device and Hyaluronic Acid-Based Filler Injections for Facial Rejuvenation.","authors":"Riccardo Lazzari, Giustino Gallo, Francesca Madeddu, Laura Pieri, Irene Fusco, Tiziano Zingoni, Francesca Arrigoni","doi":"10.1089/photob.2025.0011","DOIUrl":"10.1089/photob.2025.0011","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Background:</i></b> There has been an increase in interest in using in-office cosmetic treatments to promote collagen in the skin and deeper tissues. <b><i>Aim:</i></b> The current study assesses the safety and efficacy of the combination of a 675 nm laser wavelength and the injection of soft tissue fillers based on hyaluronic acid (HA) during facial rejuvenation treatments. <b><i>Materials and methods:</i></b> A total of 16 patients treated for facial skin rejuvenation and reduction of facial laxity were divided into two groups: Group 1 underwent three sessions of a 675 nm laser system combined with three sessions of HA filler and Group 2 received three sessions of the 675 nm laser system alone. One treatment every 30 days for 3 months was performed. Images were acquired at baseline (T₀), after the second session (T_m), and 1 month after the last treatment (T_f). A dermal analysis system was employed for skin analysis. The 10-point visual analog scale and the 5-point Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale (GAIS) were used. <b><i>Results:</i></b> In both groups, but more promisingly in Group 1, the skin showed an improvement in its elasticity reported with an increase in Young's modulus, a decrease in retraction time, and an increase in viscoelasticity. Qualitative analysis of high-frequency dermal ultrasound images showed significant increases in new collagen density and dermal thickness. These results were confirmed with the GAIS. No side effects were recorded. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> The findings indicate that the combination of 675 nm laser and HA filler was well-tolerated and safe and has shown promising results for treating skin aging.</p>","PeriodicalId":94169,"journal":{"name":"Photobiomodulation, photomedicine, and laser surgery","volume":" ","pages":"346-353"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144532140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of 675 nm Laser in Melasma Treatment: 1-Year Follow-Up.","authors":"Luigi Coricciati, Irene Fusco, Alessandra Comito, Jorilda Biba, Tiziano Zingoni","doi":"10.1089/photob.2025.0044","DOIUrl":"10.1089/photob.2025.0044","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Background:</i></b> Melasma is a cutaneous pigmentary condition, difficult to treat due to its multifactorial chronic nature and high recurrence rates. <b><i>Objective:</i></b> To investigate the medium-term and long-term efficacy of the 675 nm laser for the treatment of facial melasma with pigmentary and vascular symptoms. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Eight patients with facial melasma and Fitzpatrick phototypes III to IV were recruited. Three sessions were carried out with a 675-nm laser device. At 5 months and 12 months after the last treatment, the patient's skin was evaluated from baseline using a five-point Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale (GAIS). <b><i>Results:</i></b> The study findings revealed a better overall appearance of the skin condition, in particular GAIS improvements mainly in the visible and pigmented components. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> The 675-nm laser appears to be effective when treating patients with Fitzpatrick phototypes III to IV for facial melasma, with promising long-term results.</p>","PeriodicalId":94169,"journal":{"name":"Photobiomodulation, photomedicine, and laser surgery","volume":" ","pages":"379-381"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144510161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"5-Aminolevulinic Acid Gel Associated with Light-Emitting Diode Modulates the <i>in Vitro</i> Subgingival Multispecies Oral Biofilm.","authors":"Roberto Galvão Dinelli, Jamil A Shibli, Pedro Henrique Moreira Paulo Tolentino, Lucas Daylor Aguiar-da-Silva, Aldo Brugnera-Junior, Adriano Piattelli, Manuela Rocha Bueno, Nathália Rohwedder Dos Santos, Luciene C Figueiredo, Bruno Bueno-Silva","doi":"10.1089/photob.2025.0014","DOIUrl":"10.1089/photob.2025.0014","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Objective:</i></b> This study assessed the impact of a 5% combination of 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) (Aladent) in a multispecies in vitro biofilm model subgingival pathogens. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> The 33-species biofilm model was established in the Calgary Biofilm Device during a duration of 7 days. The biofilm treatments comprised various groups: control, light-emitting diode (LED), Aladent (ALADA), and Aladent with LED (ALAD+L), administered on day 6. The Aladent was in contact with the biofilm for 45 min before to the 7-min LED treatment. The LED (λ = 630 nm, power ≈ 380 mW/cm²) was placed 2 mm from the biofilm. Subsequently, during 7 days of biofilm formation, the metabolic activity of the biofilms was assessed utilizing triphenyltetrazolium chloride, and the presence of 33 bacterial species was evaluated through DNA-DNA hybridization. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The findings indicated that the ALAD+L treatment was the sole intervention demonstrating a statistically significant reduction (∼70%) in the metabolic activity of the biofilms relative to the control group. Moreover, ALAD+L markedly diminished the overall biofilm count and the average counts of five bacterial species: <i>S. intermedius</i>, <i>V. parvula</i>, <i>A. israelii</i>, <i>P. gingivalis</i>, and <i>E. saburreum</i>. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> The integration of the photosensitizer Aladent with LED application significantly diminished metabolic activity and bacterial species count in the multispecies subgingival biofilm model, indicating substantial promise for the treatment of peri-implantitis.</p>","PeriodicalId":94169,"journal":{"name":"Photobiomodulation, photomedicine, and laser surgery","volume":" ","pages":"373-378"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144532139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Photobiomodulation Promotes Odontoblast-Like Cell Activity via Reactive Oxygen Species and NF-κB: Implications for Dentin Regeneration.","authors":"Chihsun Tsai, Hsinyu Tsai, Takashi Saito","doi":"10.1177/15578550251362325","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15578550251362325","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Background:</i></b> Low-level laser therapy has gained increasing attention in the field of dentistry as a promising modality due to its photobiomodulatory effects that facilitate tissue regeneration. Accumulating evidence suggests that neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd:YAG) and erbium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Er:YAG) lasers, when applied at low-energy settings, can enhance cellular proliferation and promote mineralization in osteoblasts and mesenchymal stem cells. <b><i>Objectives:</i></b> This study aimed to investigate the photobiomodulation effects of low-level Nd:YAG and Er:YAG laser irradiation on rat odontoblast-like cells, with a particular focus on cellular proliferation, differentiation, and mineralization in vitro. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Rat odontoblast-like cells (MDPC-23) were subjected to Nd:YAG and Er:YAG laser irradiation at a frequency of 10 Hz, with energy settings of 60, 80, 100, and 120 mJ for exposure durations of 0, 2, 5, 10, and 15 sec, respectively. The effects of low-level laser irradiation on cellular proliferation, differentiation, and mineralization were systematically evaluated. In addition, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were quantified, and an NF-κB inhibitor was employed to investigate its involvement in the regulation of cell proliferation and differentiation. Statistical analysis was conducted using one-way analysis of variance followed by post hoc Tukey's HSD tests. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Both Nd:YAG and Er:YAG laser irradiation at the energy of 80 mJ for 10 or 15 sec enhanced cell proliferation, differentiation, and mineralization in MDPC-23 cells. An elevation in cellular ROS levels was observed after laser irradiation, and the laser irradiation in the presence of the NF-κB inhibitor resulted in decreased cell proliferation and ALPase activity. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Low-level Nd:YAG and Er:YAG laser irradiation enhanced the proliferation, differentiation, and mineralization of odontoblast-like cells in vitro. These effects appear to be mediated by the activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway through ROS, thereby promoting cellular proliferation followed by differentiation and mineralization.</p>","PeriodicalId":94169,"journal":{"name":"Photobiomodulation, photomedicine, and laser surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144715231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}