Journal of forensic sciences最新文献

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Positional asphyxia associated with cervical vertebral fractures. 与颈椎骨折相关的体位性窒息。
Journal of forensic sciences Pub Date : 2025-05-09 DOI: 10.1111/1556-4029.70072
Rutsuko Yamaguchi, Kouya Ohta, Jian Tie, Yayoi Aoki, Shoetsu Chiba, Sumitoshi Katsumata, Takahisa Okuda
{"title":"Positional asphyxia associated with cervical vertebral fractures.","authors":"Rutsuko Yamaguchi, Kouya Ohta, Jian Tie, Yayoi Aoki, Shoetsu Chiba, Sumitoshi Katsumata, Takahisa Okuda","doi":"10.1111/1556-4029.70072","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1556-4029.70072","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Positional asphyxia refers to asphyxia resulting from an abnormal body posture that obstructs pulmonary ventilation. We report two cases in which individuals were unable to escape from positions that interfered with respiration, and cervical fractures were found upon autopsy. In the first case, a female in her 70s was found dead in a prone position on a bed following a traffic accident. Forensic autopsy findings suggested that she died from respiratory failure due to shallow breathing associated with pain from a rib fracture and prolonged prone positioning, possibly influenced by potential spinal cord injury associated with a cervical vertebral fracture. In the second case, a female in her 80s was found dead with her abdomen on a bed rail and her face down on the bed, a posture known as the jackknife position. Security camera footage showed that she was unable to escape from the position after the accidental fall, and after struggling in the same position for approximately 6 h, she became immobile, suggesting death by positional asphyxiation. Forensic autopsy revealed a fracture of the fifth cervical vertebra, raising the possibility of cervical spinal injury at the time of her fall. These cases indicate that cervical spinal fractures can be detected and associated with positional asphyxia deaths; however, their exact role in causing death remains uncertain. These findings highlight the importance of vigilant monitoring and timely medical intervention, particularly in older individuals, even when initial injuries appear minor.</p>","PeriodicalId":94080,"journal":{"name":"Journal of forensic sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144033328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Exploring machine learning approaches for efficient image forgery detection. 探索有效图像伪造检测的机器学习方法。
Journal of forensic sciences Pub Date : 2025-05-09 DOI: 10.1111/1556-4029.70069
Abilash Radhakrishnan, Tukaram Namdev Sawant, Cheepurupalli Raghuram, Dani Jermisha Railis, Harjasdeep Singh
{"title":"Exploring machine learning approaches for efficient image forgery detection.","authors":"Abilash Radhakrishnan, Tukaram Namdev Sawant, Cheepurupalli Raghuram, Dani Jermisha Railis, Harjasdeep Singh","doi":"10.1111/1556-4029.70069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1556-4029.70069","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the digital age, accessible image manipulation raises concerns about authenticity, with forgery techniques threatening personal, journalistic, and security contexts. Detecting alterations is crucial for maintaining trust in visual content. A robust system capable of detecting various types of image forgeries, such as copy-move, splicing, and object removal, while minimizing false positives and negatives. Develop and implement robust feature extraction methods to identify key characteristics that differentiate forged images from authentic ones, focusing on both low-level and high-level features. The Two-dimensional maximum Shannon Entropy Median Filter (TSETMF) enhances image quality by reducing noise while preserving and enhancing details, which aids machine learning models in recognizing and identifying image forgeries. Multidimensional Spectral Hashing (MSH) enables efficient feature extraction by creating compact representations, thereby enhancing pattern recognition and boosting both speed and accuracy in detecting image forgeries within machine learning frameworks. Faster Region-Based Convolutional Neural Networks (FR-CNN) improve image forgery detection by swiftly identifying and localizing manipulated areas, enhancing feature extraction and accuracy for real-time forensic analysis. Machine learning approaches significantly enhance image forgery detection, with techniques like CNNs and MSH improving accuracy, processing speed, and robustness against diverse forgery methods, ensuring effective real-time analysis. The result shows that the proposed method significantly excelled, reaching an accuracy of 98.5%, alongside high precision (97.0%), recall (98.2%), and F1 score (98.1%), implemented using Python Colab. Future research can focus on developing more robust models, integrating unsupervised learning techniques, enhancing real-time detection capabilities, and exploring cross-domain applications to combat evolving image forgery methods effectively.</p>","PeriodicalId":94080,"journal":{"name":"Journal of forensic sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144035145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A survey of explosive traces in public places. 公共场所爆炸痕迹的调查。
Journal of forensic sciences Pub Date : 2025-05-07 DOI: 10.1111/1556-4029.70042
Richard J Winder, Samuel A J Wilby, Lauren Lessey, Hazel E Hutson, Sharon M Broome, Matthew S Beardah
{"title":"A survey of explosive traces in public places.","authors":"Richard J Winder, Samuel A J Wilby, Lauren Lessey, Hazel E Hutson, Sharon M Broome, Matthew S Beardah","doi":"10.1111/1556-4029.70042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1556-4029.70042","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Interpretation and evaluation of trace explosives evidence requires practitioner understanding of factors including transfer, persistence, and environmental prevalence. This study builds on previous work and studies the contemporary prevalence of organic high explosives and inorganic ions of explosives significance in public places. 450 swab and vacuum samples were collected from across Great Britain. Analysis was conducted using liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry and ion chromatography-mass spectrometry to screen for a wider number of explosives analytes with a higher degree of selectivity and with lower limits of detection than previous studies. Analytes screened for included military high explosives, organic peroxide explosives, and inorganic ions of explosives significance. Only eight low nanogram level traces of organic explosives (HMX, NG, PETN, and RDX) were detected. The results indicate that high explosives traces remain uncommon in the public environment and transport network. Due to the low prevalence, these results strengthen the association between the detection of a trace and explosives activity, and assist the practitioner in assigning significance. Many inorganic ions (ammonium, calcium, chloride, magnesium, nitrate, nitrite, potassium, sodium, and sulfate) were detected at milligram or sub-milligram quantities. They are common in the environment, naturally occurring, and used commercially. Interpreting the general significance when detecting traces of common inorganic species is challenging. Barium, chlorate, perchlorate, strontium, and thiocyanate were not detected and are therefore more uncommon, strengthening the association between detection and explosives activity.</p>","PeriodicalId":94080,"journal":{"name":"Journal of forensic sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144029697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Long bone asymmetry and hemihypertrophy as a skeletal marker of child abuse. 长骨不对称和半肥厚作为儿童虐待的骨骼标志。
Journal of forensic sciences Pub Date : 2025-05-07 DOI: 10.1111/1556-4029.70065
Susan C Kuzminsky, Patricia M Lambert
{"title":"Long bone asymmetry and hemihypertrophy as a skeletal marker of child abuse.","authors":"Susan C Kuzminsky, Patricia M Lambert","doi":"10.1111/1556-4029.70065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1556-4029.70065","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Diaphyseal overgrowth is a well-documented complication of long bone fracture in orthopedic studies, but it is not a condition commonly mentioned in the forensic literature as a possible indicator of child abuse. Here we present an occurrence of humeral hypertrophy associated with a physeal fracture to the left distal humerus in a case of infant child abuse. Humeral overgrowth was present in this infant along with superficial bruising, other humeral fractures, rib fractures, and vertebral injuries consistent with battered child syndrome. In 2002, the humeri, lower ribs, and vertebrae of this infant were examined for evidence of injury by Phillip Walker using gross observations, radiographs, and CT scans. After completion of his case report and before the remains were returned to the Medical Examiner, one of the authors used 3D surface scan imaging to generate digital models of the humeri in order to calculate the volume of each bone for purposes of size comparison. The difference in volume was notable and consistent with other measurements demonstrating hypertrophy of the left humerus. This case report combines the results of these earlier analyses with information drawn from original case files and more recent clinical studies to demonstrate that humeral asymmetry caused by hypertrophy from a fracture can provide relevant evidence of previous injury in cases of child abuse, even when the fracture is no longer visible in radiographs. This study also highlights the utility of combining 3D surface scan imaging with other radiographic methods when conducting medicolegal casework.</p>","PeriodicalId":94080,"journal":{"name":"Journal of forensic sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144055781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Patterns of observer error in scoring macromorphoscopic traits for population affinity. 群体亲和性大形态性状评分的观察者误差模式。
Journal of forensic sciences Pub Date : 2025-05-07 DOI: 10.1111/1556-4029.70063
Leandi Liebenberg, Kyra E Stull, Ericka N L'Abbé
{"title":"Patterns of observer error in scoring macromorphoscopic traits for population affinity.","authors":"Leandi Liebenberg, Kyra E Stull, Ericka N L'Abbé","doi":"10.1111/1556-4029.70063","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1556-4029.70063","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Revising methodologies is essential to understand the limitations and biases inherent in certain methods, which is crucial for obtaining reliable results. Due to the subjective nature of non-metric methods, variation in trait scoring and its impact on accurately classifying biological parameters remains a concern that requires further investigation. This study aimed to examine the effects of observer experience, familiarity with the method, and different statistical approaches on the repeatability of macromorphoscopic traits in the cranium for population affinity. Seventeen traits were scored on a sample of 10 crania by five observers with varying experience levels. Intra-observer agreement ranged from moderate to perfect, with three traits-inferior nasal margin, nasal bone shape, and nasal overgrowth demonstrating-the lowest agreement. Overall, inter-observer repeatability ranged from poor to substantial agreement. After a group discussion on the scoring procedure and subsequent rescoring of the crania, a slight improvement in agreement was observed, with kappa values shifting towards moderate and substantial levels. Each observer exhibited variation in the repeatability of different traits. While general experience did not consistently translate into proficiency with the method, familiarity with the specific traits and scoring procedures contributed to more consistent results. Therefore, method-specific training is crucial before applying the MMS traits in practice. Additionally, the choice of statistical approaches-such as applying different weights to Cohen's kappa based on data type-can influence the perceived reliability of a method. Practitioners should select weights and tests that are most appropriate for the data type of each trait being analyzed.</p>","PeriodicalId":94080,"journal":{"name":"Journal of forensic sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144050585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Testing the efficacy of surface swab sampling to determine postmortem submersion interval (PMSI), using the microbiome colonization of skeletal remains. 利用骨骼遗骸的微生物定植,测试表面拭子取样确定死后浸泡时间(PMSI)的有效性。
Journal of forensic sciences Pub Date : 2025-05-06 DOI: 10.1111/1556-4029.70039
Sarah Rose, Hannah Johnson, Claire Cartozzo, Jenise Swall, Tal Simmons, Baneshwar Singh
{"title":"Testing the efficacy of surface swab sampling to determine postmortem submersion interval (PMSI), using the microbiome colonization of skeletal remains.","authors":"Sarah Rose, Hannah Johnson, Claire Cartozzo, Jenise Swall, Tal Simmons, Baneshwar Singh","doi":"10.1111/1556-4029.70039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1556-4029.70039","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Postmortem interval (PMI) estimation contributes valuable information in the medicolegal investigation of decomposed human remains, and estimating the postmortem submersion interval (PMSI) can specifically aid investigations involving victims discovered in aquatic environments. Microbial succession-driven models in long-term decomposition studies have utilized the abundant colonizing bacterial community of skeletal remains to estimate the PMSI using bone powder. This study investigates the use of bone surface swabbing as an effective alternative method that minimizes time and resources required for bone sampling and also provides a highly replicable method for decomposition studies. Skeletal porcine (Sus scrofa) remains were caged and submerged in both lentic and lotic environments (Henley Lake in White Hall and James River at the Rice Rivers Center in Charles City, respectively) in Central Virginia from November 2017 to November 2018. Bone surface swabs and water samples were analyzed at 500 accumulated degree days (ADD) intervals, from baseline (0 ADD) to 4500 ADD. Variable region 4 (V4) of 16S rDNA was amplified and sequenced using the Illumina MiSeq Sequencing platform and analyzed using Mothur (v.1.39.5) and R (v.4.04). Analysis of Molecular Variance (AMOVA) indicated a significant difference in bacterial community structure among and between the swab, bone, and water samples (p < 0.001, F = 7.92331), and among and between lake and river samples (p < 0.001, F = 9.38829). PMSI models were constructed using random forest models for lake swabs (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.83, RMSE = 623.24) and river swabs (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.83, RMSE = 580.2). Swab samples from both aquatic environments predicted PMSI, albeit slightly less accurately than those previously reported from bone powder (lake: R<sup>2</sup> = 0.96, 334.1; river: R<sup>2</sup> = 0.94, 498.47).</p>","PeriodicalId":94080,"journal":{"name":"Journal of forensic sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144045414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
From crime scene to laboratory: A case study of a comprehensive investigation into an IBX-induced explosion. 从犯罪现场到实验室:ibx诱发爆炸的综合调查案例研究。
Journal of forensic sciences Pub Date : 2025-05-06 DOI: 10.1111/1556-4029.70066
Srikanth R Veerabhadraiah, Sachin Ashok Bhat, Vishwanath S Vallabha, Anand N Narayanappa, Savitha Sujatha, Muddaih Sujatha
{"title":"From crime scene to laboratory: A case study of a comprehensive investigation into an IBX-induced explosion.","authors":"Srikanth R Veerabhadraiah, Sachin Ashok Bhat, Vishwanath S Vallabha, Anand N Narayanappa, Savitha Sujatha, Muddaih Sujatha","doi":"10.1111/1556-4029.70066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1556-4029.70066","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>An explosion in an industrial filtering unit, resulting in a fatality, triggered a comprehensive forensic investigation. Sixteen pieces of evidentiary materials were collected from the scene of occurrence. The chemical residue at the explosion's origin was identified as 2-IodoxyBenzoic Acid (IBX) using NMR spectroscopy. IBX's shock-sensitive explosive nature became the focal point of the investigation. A comparative analysis, using the confirmed IBX as a reference standard, was conducted to detect its presence in other collected evidentiary materials. As no established methods for IBX analysis were available, novel high-performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) and UV-Vis spectroscopic techniques were developed and validated. The optimized HPTLC method, using a 9:1 ethyl acetate and methanol solvent system and UV visualization at 254 nm, provided reliable Rf values for IBX identification. This was further supported by UV-Vis spectroscopy, which confirmed the characteristic absorption patterns of IBX. The investigation successfully linked several evidence items to the explosion through the detection of IBX. This case underscores the complementary role of crime scene investigation and chemical analysis, where meticulous fieldwork combined with innovative laboratory techniques led to the resolution of the case. Furthermore, the development of a validated HPTLC method for IBX provides a valuable tool for future forensic investigations, enhancing the forensic community's capability to address similar incidents.</p>","PeriodicalId":94080,"journal":{"name":"Journal of forensic sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144039934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
DNA analysts' experiences with human factors: A quantitative and qualitative snapshot. DNA分析人员在人为因素方面的经验:定量和定性快照。
Journal of forensic sciences Pub Date : 2025-05-06 DOI: 10.1111/1556-4029.70064
Haley R Dawson, Devon LaBat, Maria Sparacino, Michael Marciano, Nadja Schreiber Compo
{"title":"DNA analysts' experiences with human factors: A quantitative and qualitative snapshot.","authors":"Haley R Dawson, Devon LaBat, Maria Sparacino, Michael Marciano, Nadja Schreiber Compo","doi":"10.1111/1556-4029.70064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1556-4029.70064","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>DNA analysis can play a crucial role in rightful and wrongful convictions. However, forensic experts' methods may be influenced by human factors, including cognitive bias. Examiners' efforts to mitigate such bias can play a role in their courtroom testimony. There is little recent research on real-world DNA examiners' actual experiences with cognitive bias and expert testimony, nor their perceived training needs. To address this gap, we surveyed a national sample of forensic DNA analysts using Likert-scale and open-ended questions about cognitive bias, courtroom testimony, and related research and training needs. A total of 84 examiners responded to at least one question about bias or expert testimony. On average, examiners reported receiving biasing-contextual information about the investigation prior to their examination in 37% of their cases, with the most common type being eyewitness identifications. The majority of examiners (60%) reported that their laboratories have policies in place to decrease cognitive bias, and almost all examiners (90%) reported having provided expert testimony. Experts in our sample generally believed their testimony was understandable to jurors but pointed out the need for training in select areas, such as effectively communicating statistics in court, answering hypothetical questions on the stand, and communicating findings effectively in court. Our findings demonstrate that laboratories are generally in line with the National Academy of Sciences recommendations for policies to decrease cognitive bias, but there is room for improvement in limiting DNA analysts' exposure to biasing contextual information and meeting their human factors training needs.</p>","PeriodicalId":94080,"journal":{"name":"Journal of forensic sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144055694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Silent abuse in the blind spot between medicine and law: A case series of Munchausen syndrome by proxy from Türkiye. 医学与法律之间的盲点中的无声虐待:由<s:1> rkiye代理的Munchausen综合征系列案例。
Journal of forensic sciences Pub Date : 2025-04-29 DOI: 10.1111/1556-4029.70059
Ömer Asan, Yasin Kavla, Muhammed Emin Boylu, Hüseyin Çağrı Şahin, Emre Çırakoğlu, Tuba Özcanlı, Alaattin Duran
{"title":"Silent abuse in the blind spot between medicine and law: A case series of Munchausen syndrome by proxy from Türkiye.","authors":"Ömer Asan, Yasin Kavla, Muhammed Emin Boylu, Hüseyin Çağrı Şahin, Emre Çırakoğlu, Tuba Özcanlı, Alaattin Duran","doi":"10.1111/1556-4029.70059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1556-4029.70059","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Munchausen syndrome by proxy is a rare but dangerous form of child abuse in which a caregiver exaggerates, fabricates, or induces medical symptoms in a dependent individual, typically a child. It is of the utmost importance to recognize and address this syndrome, which has significant legal and medical consequences. The failure to identify cases in a timely manner and to implement appropriate intervention strategies may result in irreparable harm or even fatal consequences. This study examined four cases involving 15 child victims and four perpetrators. All individuals were referred to the Turkish Council of Forensic Medicine for evaluation of criminal responsibility. The data were sourced from the National Judicial Network Project and case files spanning a decade. A comprehensive review of the clinical and forensic records was conducted. The four perpetrators, all females aged 27-34, exhibited histories of adverse childhood experiences, early marriage, limited education, and neglect. The clinical manifestations in children included apnea, immobility, bleeding, and bruising. Eleven children died before the abuse was detected, and four children were removed from their homes and placed under the protection of the state. MSBP is still frequently overlooked in clinical practice, which can result in irreparable harm and even death among affected children. The severe cases, as illustrated in this manuscript, demonstrate a recurrent pattern of abuse that persists until the cases are identified. An integrated multidisciplinary approach, involving medical and forensic services, is of paramount importance to facilitate the recognition and prevention of this form of child abuse.</p>","PeriodicalId":94080,"journal":{"name":"Journal of forensic sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144046576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Micro X-ray computed tomography (μCT) for forensic investigation of wood. 木材法医鉴定用微x射线计算机断层扫描(μCT)。
Journal of forensic sciences Pub Date : 2025-04-29 DOI: 10.1111/1556-4029.70061
Hiromi Itamiya, Ritsuko Sugita, Yoshinori Ogawa
{"title":"Micro X-ray computed tomography (μCT) for forensic investigation of wood.","authors":"Hiromi Itamiya, Ritsuko Sugita, Yoshinori Ogawa","doi":"10.1111/1556-4029.70061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1556-4029.70061","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Wood is a common material and is widely used in daily life. Small wood fragments or wooden products are sometimes found at crime scenes as evidence. We investigated the usefulness of micro-computed tomography (μCT) for forensic wood examination. First, X-ray and image acquisition conditions were optimized, and the relation between the μCT image resolution and the observable anatomical features of wood was examined. The minimum resolution mainly depended on the μCT instrument specifications; thus, the relationship between the voxel size in μCT images and the size of anatomical features should be checked. Next, μCT technique was applied to the forensic wooden samples such as fragile charcoal, wooden household items, and building materials damaged by fire. μCT analysis is useful for the estimation of wood species, forensic discrimination for trace or fragile wooden evidence, identification of broken household items, and imaging the fire damage of building materials in the fire investigation. μCT is a non-destructive technique and could be used for many types of forensic wood investigation.</p>","PeriodicalId":94080,"journal":{"name":"Journal of forensic sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144015886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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