International journal of radiation biology最新文献

{"title":"Analysis of wavelength dependence of the photophysics of dry samples of synthetic eumelanin and pheomelanin.","authors":"Andrzej Żądło, Tomasz Rok, Jarosław Grolik, Tadeusz Sarna, Grzegorz Tatoń","doi":"10.1080/09553002.2026.2713025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09553002.2026.2713025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Pheomelanin constitutes one quarter of epidermal melanin. Detection of pheomelanin directly by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy is difficult if eumelanin component predominates. The aim of this research was to examine UV-induced and visible light-induced increase in melanin radicals concentration and melanin temperature using synthetic eumelanin and pheomelanin to assess the usefulness of the observed effects for developing a new method of melanin characterization.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Dry samples of synthetic eumelanin and pheomelanin were used. 50 W narrow-band diode illuminators, in the spectral range of 369-733 nm, were used to irradiate melanin. Melanin radicals were measured by EPR spectroscopy, while melanin temperature was monitored by measuring of infrared radiation emission.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The effect of light on melanin EPR signal strongly decreased with increasing wavelength. This decrease was significantly more pronounced for pheomelanin than for eumelanin. On the other hand, dependence of the temperature increase on wavelength was rather moderate for both kinds. Also, the temperature increase did not differentiate them significantly. Interestingly, wavelength-dependent heating of both types of melanins is negatively correlated with increase of EPR signal, especially above 500 nm.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In the studied wavelength range, irradiation of both melanins induced similar heating. On the other hand, different effects of long-wavelength light on the melanin EPR signal may potentially be used to distinguish eumelanin from pheomelanin in biological samples. This observation may serve as a basis for developing a new noninvasive method for the diagnosis of skin melanoma by assessing the ratio of eumelanin to pheomelanin concentration.</p>","PeriodicalId":94057,"journal":{"name":"International journal of radiation biology","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148803519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protective effects of boron on radiation-induced intestinal injury and associated microRNA changes.","authors":"Yasin Korucu, Eren Cetin, Seda Ekici, Yasin Ozkabadayi","doi":"10.1080/09553002.2026.2719578","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09553002.2026.2719578","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Radiation-induced intestinal injury (RIII) remains a significant dose-limiting toxicity despite advances in radiotherapy techniques. Boron has been suggested to exert beneficial effects on intestinal structure and oxidative stress; however, its potential radioprotective effects have not been fully characterized. This study investigated the effects of boron on histological, immunohistochemical, and circulating miRNA changes in an experimental model of RIII.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A single fraction of 8 Gy whole-body irradiation was delivered, and animals were evaluated on days 2 and 6 post-irradiation. Intestinal injury was assessed by histopathological scoring, villus height (VH), crypt-depth (CD), and VH/CD ratio. Immuno-histochemical expression of transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1) and matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) was evaluated using H-score analysis. Circulating miRNA expression profiles were analyzed by quantitative real-time PCR using the 2^-ΔΔCt method.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Irradiation caused marked intestinal damage, particularly in the acute phase, characterized by villus shortening, crypt injury, and increased histopathological scores. Boron administration partially preserved intestinal architecture, with significant protection of VH and CD, especially at day 2. TGF-β1 and MMP-1 expression was reduced following irradiation but was partially preserved in boron-treated irradiated groups, particularly within the crypt compartment. Irradiation induced significant, time-dependent alterations in circulating miR-150-5p, miR-320a-5p, miR-30a-5p, and miR-200b-5p, while boron administration modulated these radiation-associated miRNA changes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Boron mitigates RIII and is associated with partial preservation of epithelial structure, modulation of TGF-β1 and MMP-1 expression, and regulation of radiation-responsive circulating miRNAs. These findings support further investigation of boron-based approaches in intestinal radioprotection.</p>","PeriodicalId":94057,"journal":{"name":"International journal of radiation biology","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148803550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CXCL-mediated oxidative DNA damage promotes Th2 cytokine responses.","authors":"Koa Hosoki, Annamalai Govindhan, Anirban Chakraborty, Miral Dizdaroglu, Tapas Hazra, Sanjiv Sur","doi":"10.1080/09553002.2026.2704745","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09553002.2026.2704745","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Allergen challenge to the lung induces oxidative DNA base lesions, including 5-hydroxycytosine (5-OH-Cyt), as well as upregulation of CXC chemokine ligands (CXCLs), both of which have been implicated in allergic inflammation. The precise mechanisms by which specific DNA lesions modulate immune responses and exacerbate allergic lung inflammation remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the role of 5-OH-Cyt in the CXCL-CXCR1/2-mediated response and its role in promoting Th2 immune responses.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Wild-type mice were sensitized with cat dander extract (CDE) and subsequently challenged with PBS or CDE. Lung DNA damage was evaluated by γH2AX immunostaining, pATM expression, and gene-specific long-amplicon qPCR. The role of CXCL-CXCR1/2 signaling was examined using the allosteric CXCR1/2 inhibitor ladarixin. In parallel, naïve CD4⁺ T cells were cultured under Th2-skewing conditions with oxidatively damaged DNA bases to assess their effects on Th2 cytokine production.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>CDE challenge significantly increased γH2AX + neutrophils and pATM + eosinophils in the lungs, confirming allergen-induced DNA damage. Intranasal administration of 5-OH-Cyt to naïve mice upregulated lung <i>Cxcl1</i> and <i>Cxcl2</i> expression. Oral administration of ladarixin markedly reduced lung γH2AX expression and increased long-amplicon PCR amplification of pol β and β-globin, indicating partial restoration of genomic integrity. Administration of recombinant CXCLs also induced lung DNA damage, which was suppressed by ladarixin. Naïve CD4⁺ T cells were cultured under Th2-polarizing conditions with individual oxidatively damaged DNA bases. Exposure to 5-OH-Cyt, Fapy-Ade, 8-oxo-Gua, and 5-OH-Ura significantly increased IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13 secretion, while Fapy-Gua did not affect cytokine production.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings suggest that 5-OH-Cyt acts as a damage-associated molecular pattern that both drives Th2 immune responses and exacerbates lung DNA damage through a CXCL-mediated positive feedback loop, highlighting CXCR1/2 inhibition as a potential therapeutic strategy to mitigate double-strand DNA damage and allergic lung inflammation.</p>","PeriodicalId":94057,"journal":{"name":"International journal of radiation biology","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148762842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transcriptomic profiling of lentoid bodies highlights potential mechanisms of radiation-induced cataracts.","authors":"Graysen Vigneux, Sujeenthar Tharmalingam, Christopher Thome","doi":"10.1080/09553002.2026.2708814","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09553002.2026.2708814","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The lens of the eye has been recognized as one of the most radiosensitive tissues in the human body. Radiation-induced cataractogenesis is believed to arise through a complex interplay of molecular processes, including crystallin protein oxidation and aggregation, impaired antioxidant defenses, apoptosis of lens epithelial cells, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Nonetheless, the precise mechanisms responsible for these changes remain to be fully elucidated. Organoid model systems are an emerging tool that provide a novel approach for investigating disease processes. In this study, we examined transcriptional changes in lentoid bodies, an organoid-like model of the ocular lens, following exposure to ionizing radiation.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Lentoid bodies were generated from human pluripotent stem cells through a three-step differentiation protocol. Mature lentoid bodies were then subjected to an x-ray dose of 0.25 or 2 Gy and RNA was isolated 12, 24, and 48 hours post exposure for whole transcriptome RNA-sequencing. Genes were considered differentially expressed if they exhibited a fold change < -2.0 or >2.0, false discovery rate-corrected p-value <0.05, and a minimum average read count of 30 transcripts per million.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant changes in gene expression profiles were observed post-irradiation with both dose and time post-exposure playing critical roles in the extent and nature of gene dysregulation. Differentially expressed genes were identified within key biological pathways implicated in cataract formation, including cell survival and proliferation, differentiation, migration, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These results advance our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying radiation-induced cataracts and demonstrate the value of lens organoid models as a physiologically relevant platform, offering insights beyond those achievable with conventional lens cell lines.</p>","PeriodicalId":94057,"journal":{"name":"International journal of radiation biology","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148702920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mutagenesis-induced bacterial wilt resistance in bell pepper and multi-year validation of resistance by in vivo, ex vivo, serological, and molecular approaches.","authors":"Sonia Sood, Tamanna Sood, Ruchi Sood, V K Sood, Sanjay Jambhulkar","doi":"10.1080/09553002.2026.2710764","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09553002.2026.2710764","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Bacterial wilt caused by <i>Ralstonia solanacearum</i> is a major constraint to bell pepper (<i>Capsicum annuum</i> L. var. <i>grossum</i> Sendt.) production worldwide, with no stable resistance available in commercially cultivated varieties. This study explored induced mutagenesis as a strategy to develop durable bacterial wilt resistance in the widely grown but highly susceptible cultivar 'California Wonder.'</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Genetic variability was induced using gamma irradiation and ethyl methane sulfonate (EMS). Mutant populations were advanced from M₁ to M₈ generations over 12 years (2012-2023). A total of 1,804 M₂ progenies were screened under wilt-sick field conditions to identify putative resistant lines. Resistance was validated through an integrated approach including in vivo field screening, ex vivo seedling assays in Hoagland's nutrient solution, and serological confirmation using DAS-ELISA. Stable mutants were further evaluated across multiple generations and five cropping years for resistance stability, horticultural performance, and fruit quality traits. Molecular validation was performed using the SSR marker CAMS451 to confirm the association between resistance-linked alleles and phenotypic expression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Screening of M₂ progenies identified 22 putative resistant lines, of which 16 consistently expressed stable resistance across generations and environments. Six mutants DPCBWR-12 (1.5% EMS), DPCBWR-4 (1.75% EMS), DPCBWR-15 (1.75% EMS), DPCBWR-5 (1.75% EMS), DPCBWR-8 (16.0 kR gamma rays), and DPCBWR-3 (2.0% EMS) significantly outperformed the parent cultivar for yield-related traits and nutritional quality parameters. SSR marker analysis using CAMS451 confirmed the genetic association of resistance-linked alleles with observed phenotypic resistance.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study provides the first evidence of successful induction of bacterial wilt resistance in bell pepper through gamma irradiation and EMS mutagenesis. The identified elite mutant lines possess durable resistance, improved yield, and enhanced fruit quality, making them promising candidates for multi-location testing, varietal release, and use as valuable genetic resources in sustainable bell pepper breeding programs.</p>","PeriodicalId":94057,"journal":{"name":"International journal of radiation biology","volume":" ","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148702785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Collaborations with Miral Dizdaroglu: expanding on connections between oxidative DNA damage and aging and disease.","authors":"Vilhelm A Bohr","doi":"10.1080/09553002.2026.2705993","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09553002.2026.2705993","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The goal of this long-term collaboration between Vilhelm A. Bohr and Miral Dizdaroglu was to investigate oxidative DNA damage and DNA repair mechanisms and their links to aging, neurodegeneration, and disease. Using GC/MS assays, the collaboration aimed to identify other endogenous DNA lesions like FapyGua and FapyAde beyond the standard 8-oxo-Gua marker to determine their biological significance and distribution in nuclear and mitochondrial DNA.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>DNA Repair Pathways: Identified OGG1 and NTH1 as the primary glycosylases for formamidopyrimidines and demonstrated that CSB protein stimulates NEIL1 activity.Disease & Aging: Found that Cockayne syndrome group B (CSB) and Xeroderma pigmentosum group A (XPA) patients are deficient in repairing specific oxidative lesions, linking these defects to premature aging. In lung cancer, reduced hOGG1 expression correlated with elevated 8-oxo-Gua.Genomic Insights: Initial DNA damage induction was found to be similar in nuclear and mitochondrial DNA, challenging the assumption that mitochondria accumulate significantly more DNA damage.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The research established that oxidative damage extends far beyond 8-oxo-Gua and that Base Excision Repair (BER) defects are central to the pathology of cancer and neurodegeneration. The findings emphasize that a multi-lesion approach is essential for understanding the link between oxidative stress and disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":94057,"journal":{"name":"International journal of radiation biology","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148703155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Incidence of radiation osteitis and its association with CT-derived bone density in patients undergoing neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy for rectal cancer.","authors":"Emre Emekli, Elif Gündoğdu","doi":"10.1080/09553002.2026.2710761","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09553002.2026.2710761","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Radiation-induced reactions (RIR), including radiation osteitis (RO), insufficiency fractures (IF), and radionecrosis (RN), are potential complications after pelvic radiotherapy (RT) for rectal cancer (RCa). This study aimed to evaluate the incidence, anatomical distribution, and timing of RIR, and to explore the relationship between bone density and RIR development.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>We retrospectively analyzed 133 patients with RCa who underwent pelvic MRI following neoadjuvant RT between 2015 and 2024. RIR were assessed by location (sacrum, iliac, pubic), laterality, and classified using the Radiation-Induced Sacral Changes (RISC) system. The presence of IF and RN was documented. The interval from RT to RIR detection was recorded. For patients with abdominal CT within three months before RT, bone density was measured in Hounsfield units (HU) at the L1 vertebra. Comparisons between patients with and without RIR were performed, and correlations with HU were assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>RIR were detected in 37 patients (27.8%). All 37 patients (100% of the RIR group) had radiation osteitis (RO), most commonly in the sacrum (54.1%). Among these, only one IF (2.7%) was identified, and no RN was observed. Median detection time was 93 days post-RT. Among patients with follow-up MRI, regression of RIR was observed in 75% of cases. Mean HU values did not differ significantly between the RIR group (145.3 ± 41.1) and controls (154.3 ± 40.7) (<i>p</i> = .325). No correlation was found between HU and RIR grade or stage.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>RIR occurred in approximately one-quarter of patients with rectal cancer after neoadjuvant RT, with the sacrum most frequently affected. Only one IF and no RN were detected during the relatively early imaging interval; however, delayed complications could not be adequately assessed. No significant association was observed between L1 vertebral attenuation and RIR.</p>","PeriodicalId":94057,"journal":{"name":"International journal of radiation biology","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148702718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early-phase dose and H-ARS severity-based response category algorithms using hematological biomarkers in baboon gamma and mixed-field neutron/gamma radiation models.","authors":"David L Bolduc, Lalitha Kurada, Francis Hérodin, William F Blakely","doi":"10.1080/09553002.2026.2705997","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09553002.2026.2705997","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The purpose of this study was to determine early phase CBC markers that could predict radiation dose and hematopoietic acute radiation syndrome (H-ARS) severity in a male baboon radiation model, and to determine the translational relevancy of these findings derived with known radiation doses as it pertains to the human algorithms based on reconstructed doses.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A panel of hematologic biomarkers was measured from blood-cell samples collected at 0 to 5d after receiving 0-8 Gy of TBI exposures of gamma or mixed field (neutron/gamma) using a standard blood cell counter. The database was used in an initial stepwise multiple-regression model for estimating radiation dose using data from 1-3d. A logistic-regression model-fitting approach was also applied for estimating H-ARS severity using TBI and PBI radiation data consisting of gamma only or mixed field collected from 1-5d.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The dose estimation model consisted of the variable's lymphocytes-natural log day 3 (p < .001) and platelets-squared day 3 (p < .0001), which yielded an estimation accuracy of fit of R² = 0.6760 (p < .001) and accuracy ∼75%. The logistic regression H-ARS severity algorithm consisted of lymphocytes (p < .001) and platelets-natural log (p < .0001) with overall accuracy of 93.4 (0 vs 2.5 & 2 H-ARS), 96.6 (0 vs 2.5 H-ARS), and 99.3 (0 vs 3 H-ARS) %. The predicted H-ARS severity outcome for the 0-5-day models showed area under the curves of 0.974, 0.990, 0.995 respectively by ROC curve analysis.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The resultant study supports the proof-of-concept that initial dose estimation and H-ARS severity-response-category algorithms using standard blood-cell parameters can provide both rapid triage and radiation injury assessment following gamma and mixed (neutron/gamma)-field exposures.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings, based on a baboon radiation model, provide confirmatory evidence of the utility of hematological biomarkers predicting radiation dose and injury severity.</p>","PeriodicalId":94057,"journal":{"name":"International journal of radiation biology","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148687218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Organspecific stratification of radioepidemiological risk in urban radiological dispersion under atmospheric and demographic variation.","authors":"Alvaro Barros, Jakler Nichele, Andre Tavares, Edson Andrade","doi":"10.1080/09553002.2026.2713036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09553002.2026.2713036","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Cancer risk associated with radionuclide exposure in urban radiological dispersal events varies by target organ, sex, and age at exposure, so whole-body average dose metrics underestimate the heterogeneity of individual risk.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study quantified organ-specific excess relative risk (ERR) in a hypothetical urban radiological dispersal scenario, stratifying simultaneously by distance from the release point, Pasquill-Gifford (PG) atmospheric stability class, and demographic profile. The study population comprised 90 individuals distributed across three locations (0.3, 1.0, and 2.0 km) and three PG classes (D, E, and F), yielding nine independent combinations. Anatomical correspondence between the HotSpot nomenclature for 23 organs and the Biological Effects of Ionizing Radiation (BEIR) epidemiological categories was established through direct equivalence, functional grouping, and residual classification. For committed equivalent doses to organs below 100 mSv, the BEIR VII model was applied; above that operational threshold, an organ-specific extension based on BEIR V parameterizations was adopted. The Collective Risk Index (CRI) was synthesized through a demographically weighted index.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Under severe atmospheric stability (PG F), the 0.3 km location had a CRI of 146.519, equivalent to 91.3% of the total burden across all three locations. The female-to-male ratio exceeded unity in all scenarios, ranging from 1.109 to 1.639. Under extreme-dose conditions, non-monotonic reordering of aggregate risk by age group was observed.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Operational prioritization in urban radiological emergencies based solely on whole-body average quantities is insufficient: locations with comparable mean doses exhibit distinct risk hierarchies when anatomical resolution and demographic composition are explicitly incorporated into the decision model.</p>","PeriodicalId":94057,"journal":{"name":"International journal of radiation biology","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148690623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synergistic effects of hydropriming and differential gamma radiation on the physiomorphic attributes of <i>Cannabis sativa</i> L.","authors":"Rabeea Tariq, Umer Habib, Muhammad Azam Khan, Rashid Mehmood Rana, Maryam Bibi","doi":"10.1080/09553002.2026.2710766","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09553002.2026.2710766","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study evaluated the impact of hydropriming and gamma rays on morpho-functional attributes of <i>Cannabis sativa</i> L. and identified optimal radiation levels for improvements in local hemp germplasm.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Two seed lots, <i>G</i>₁ (pre-irradiation hydropriming) and <i>G</i>₂ (post-irradiation hydropriming), were subjected to the radiation source cobalt-60 (Co⁶⁰) at specified doses (150, 300, 450, and 600 Gy) in a completely randomized factorial experiment with 10 treatments and three replications. Key physiomorphic traits, including germination rate, survival percentage, plant height, leaf number, shoot/root dry weight, trichome traits, chlorophyll and metabolite contents (anthocyanin, flavonoids), were measured and statistically analyzed via ANOVA Tukey's HSD. Regression heat maps and dose response curves were drawn to find out optimal dose levels.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Gamma irradiation significantly influenced all the parameters across treatments compared to wild-types. Application @150 Gy increased seed germination, survival rate, plant height, biomass, chlorophyll content, and trichome density while high doses (210.16 Gy in <i>G</i>₁ and 425.95 Gy in <i>G</i>₂) surpassed LD₅₀. Maximum phenotypic variation was observed in <i>G</i>₁<i>D</i>₁ and <i>G</i>₂<i>D</i>₃. The trichome density notably increased at low to moderate doses. A significantly positive correlation was observed among parameters in response to gamma irradiation; however, dose response curves showed greater radio-tolerance and growth in <i>G</i>₂ than <i>G</i>₁ plants.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Low-dose gamma irradiation (150 Gy) combined with hydropriming can be an effective mutagenic approach to enhance the growth and biochemical traits of <i>Cannabis sativa</i>. The findings offered a viable mutation protocol to develop improved hemp varieties tailored for fiber and cannabidiol (CBD) production.</p>","PeriodicalId":94057,"journal":{"name":"International journal of radiation biology","volume":" ","pages":"1-15"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148690678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}