International journal of radiation biology最新文献

{"title":"Identification and validation of soft tissue sarcoma-specific transcriptomic model for predicting radioresistance.","authors":"Jae Yun Moon, Jae Berm Park, Kyo Won Lee, Daechan Park, Gyu Sang Yoo, Changhoon Choi, Sohee Park, Jeong Il Yu, Do Hoon Lim, Jung Eun Kim, Sung Joo Kim, Woo-Yoon Park, Won Dong Kim","doi":"10.1080/09553002.2024.2447509","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09553002.2024.2447509","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>We aimed to identify the transcriptomic signatures of soft tissue sarcoma (STS) related to radioresistance and establish a model to predict radioresistance.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Nine STS cell lines were cultured. Adenosine triphosphate-based viability was determined 5 days after irradiation with 8 Gy of X-rays in a single fraction. Radiosensitive and radioresistant groups were stratified according to the survival rates. Whole transcriptomic sequencing analysis was performed and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified between the radiosensitive and radioresistant groups. For model generation, a cohort of 59 patients with sarcomas from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) was used. DEGs of the responder and non-responder groups according to the radiotherapy-best response were identified. The overlapping DEGs between those from TCGA data and the STS cell line were subjected to linear regression to develop a formula, namely the STS-specific radioresistance index (STS-RRI), and its performance was compared with that of the previously established radiosensitivity index (RSI).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We selected thirteen overlapping DEGs and established STS-RRI using seven of them: STS-RRI = 1.5185 × MYO16-0.01575 × MYH11 + 3.900375 × KCTD16 + 0.105375 × SYNPO2-0.777375 × MYPN-0.849875 × PCSK6-0.700125 × LTK + 39.4635. Delong's test revealed that the STS-RRI performed better at stratifying responder and non-responder in TCGA cohort than the RSI (<i>p</i> = .002). The progression-free survival curves of the TCGA cohort were significantly discriminated by STS-RRI (<i>p</i> = .013) but not by RSI (<i>p</i> = .241).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We developed the STS-RRI to predict the radioresistance of patients with STS in the TCGA dataset, showing a higher performance than RSI.</p>","PeriodicalId":94057,"journal":{"name":"International journal of radiation biology","volume":" ","pages":"283-291"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142962524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Numerical dosimetry of specific absorption rate of insects exposed to far-field radiofrequency electromagnetic fields.","authors":"Vera Jeladze, Tamar Nozadze, Besarion Partsvania, Arno Thielens, Levan Shoshiashvili, Teimuraz Gogoladze","doi":"10.1080/09553002.2024.2442693","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09553002.2024.2442693","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This paper reports a study of electromagnetic field (EMF) exposure of several adult insects: a ladybug, a honey bee worker, a wasp, and a mantis at frequencies ranging from 2.5 to 100 GHz. The purpose was to estimate the specific absorption rate (SAR) in insect tissues, including the brain, in order to predict the possible biological effects caused by EMF energy absorption.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Numerical dosimetry was executed using the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method. Insects were modeled as 3-tissue heterogeneous dielectric objects, including the cuticle, the inner tissue, and the brain tissue. The EMF source was modeled as sinusoidal plane waves at a single frequency (far-field exposure).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The whole-body averaged, tissue averaged, and 1 milligram SAR values were determined in insects for all considered frequencies for 10 different incident plane waves. SAR values were normalized to the incident power density of 1 mW/cm². Maximal EMF absorption in the inner and brain tissues was observed at 6, 12, and 25 GHz for the considered insects, except the brain tissue of a ladybug (max at 60 GHz).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The paper presented the first estimation of the SAR for multiple insects over a wide range of RF frequencies using 3-tissue heterogenous insect 3D models created for this specific research. The selection of tissues' dielectric properties was validated. The obtained results showed that EMF energy absorption in insects highly depends on frequency, polarization, and insect morphology.</p>","PeriodicalId":94057,"journal":{"name":"International journal of radiation biology","volume":" ","pages":"327-340"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142923687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anticancer activity of thymoquinone in non-small cell lung cancer and possible involvement of PPAR-<i>γ</i> pathway.","authors":"Mehmet Gurbilek, Cigdem D Deniz, Canan Eroglu Gunes, Ercan Kurar, Ismail Reisli, Muammer A Kursunel, Cemile Topcu, Mehmet Koc","doi":"10.1080/09553002.2025.2449953","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09553002.2025.2449953","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Thymoquinone (TQ) is an ingredient of <i>Nigella sativa</i> and Cisplatin (CDDP) is the most active chemotherapeutic agent in lung cancer. The objective of this study was to assess the anticancer effects of TQ in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells, and its effect on the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-<i>γ</i>) pathway.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Annexin-V FITC assay was used in the NCI-H460 cell line for apoptosis. The mRNA expression of PPAR-<i>γ</i>, P53, BCL-2, Retinoblastoma (Rb), Cyclin-D1, RELA, Tumor necrosis Factor alpha and in a dose-dependent manner TQ activated caspases 9, 8, 7, and 3 were examined using quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>PPAR-<i>γ</i> protein levels elevated in all treatment groups, especially in the CDDP + TQ group as observed in mRNA results. In the CDDP + TQ + IR group, the reduction of NF-κB pathway, which provides survival and growth signaling, confirms the potential of this treatment in lung cancer treatment approach similar to p53, Rb, and PPAR-<i>γ</i> results. When the effect of treatment on the viability of NSCLC cells was assessed with flow cytometry analyzes, TQ alone supported death compared to control, cell viability also decreased in the CDDP or IR groups to which TQ was added.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>As a result, combined therapy of TQ, CDDP, and IR have been shown to increase apoptosis by sensitizing NSCLC cells to IR. These in vitro results are the basis because they demonstrate that it may be useful to include TQ in combined NSCLC cell treatments to reduce tumor progression.</p>","PeriodicalId":94057,"journal":{"name":"International journal of radiation biology","volume":" ","pages":"370-381"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143416388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PCR-based detection technique and gamma irradiation strategies for managing <i>Ralstonia solanacearum</i>-induced brown rot of potato.","authors":"Mohammad Mahbubul Haque, Gobinda Chandra Das, Md Mostofa Faysal, Muhammed Ali Hossain, Marjana Haque, Sifat Miah, Jannatul Farthouse, Mashukur Rahman, Md Nazmul Hasan Mehedi","doi":"10.1080/09553002.2025.2451630","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09553002.2025.2451630","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The study focused on developing a rapid PCR-based detection method and employing gamma irradiation techniques to manage <i>Ralstonia solanacearum</i>, aiming to produce brown rot-free export-quality potatoes. This initiative seeks to enhance potato exports from Bangladesh.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Samples of potato tubers and soil were collected from various commercially significant potato-growing areas, resulting in a total of 168 <i>Ralstonia solanacearum</i> isolates from potato tubers and soil across 12 regions. The detection of <i>R. solanacearum</i> in the enriched tuber extract and soil were conducted using the primer pairs (PS-1, PS-2) and (759, 760). For the gamma irradiation experiment, petri dishes containing <i>R. solanacearum</i> cultures were subjected to different doses of gamma rays at the Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture using a ⁶⁰Co source. The irradiation doses applied to the samples were 0-6.0KGy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Morphological identification based on pink/light red colonies on TTC medium was confirmed <i>R. solanacearum</i> in 148 isolates. PCR using species-specific primers (PS-1/PS-2) and (759, 760) verified 26 isolates (14 tubers, 12 soil), producing 553 bp and 281 bp fragments in latently infected tubers and soil samples respectively. Gamma irradiation at 2.5 kGy damaged <i>R. solanacearum's</i> DNA and cells, preventing brown rot, while higher doses eliminated it entirely. This offers a promising strategy to enhance safety of stored potatoes, potentially mitigating economic losses from this quarantine pathogen.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study developed a PCR detection method and gamma irradiation techniques to manage <i>R. solanacearum</i>, enhancing the export quality of potatoes.</p>","PeriodicalId":94057,"journal":{"name":"International journal of radiation biology","volume":" ","pages":"382-390"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143049363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The combination of microwave hyperthermia with TIPE2 impedes the growth of orthotopic colon cancer.","authors":"Qingqing Yu, Lingdi Li, Weixing Mo, Linfang Zhao, Lidan Zhang, Ke Zhang, Rongjun Tang","doi":"10.1080/09553002.2024.2435324","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09553002.2024.2435324","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Colon cancer (CC) is the main fatal disease of humans. Microwave hyperthermia (MH) is an adjuvant therapy for diverse cancers. Tumor necrosis factor-α induced protein-8-like 2 (TIPE2) is a tumor suppressor. However, the effect of MH combined with TIPE2 on CC remains unclear.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The orthotopic CC mouse model was constructed by mouse CC CT26-Luc cells, and mice were randomized into control, model (CT26-Luc), CT26-Luc + Vector, CT26-Luc + TIPE2, CT26-Luc + MH, and CT26-Luc + MH+TIPE2 groups (<i>n</i> = 6). Tumor growth pretreatment and post-treatment by <i>in vivo</i> fluorescence image analysis was detected. TIPE2 expression and cell transfection efficiency was detected by qRT-PCR and western blot. The pathological changes by HE staining, apoptosis by TUNEL staining, serum inflammatory factors by ELISA, TIPE2 expression by immunohistochemistry, and NF-κB signaling by western blot was performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Paracancerous tissues showed higher TIPE2 expression than in CC tissues. CT26-Luc + TIPE2, CT26-Luc + MH, and CT26-Luc + MH+TIPE2 groups reduced tumor growth, tumor cell infiltration, and increased apoptosis. CT26-Luc + TIPE2 group had lower NF-κB, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, p-p65, and p-IKK expression, and elevated TIPE2 and IkB expression, which was reversed by CT26-Luc + MH group. Moreover, CT26-Luc+MH+TIPE2 group showed opposite effects on the above factor expression of CT26-Luc+MH group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Combination of MH with TIPE2 could impede CC tumor growth, providing scientific bases for its clinical application in CC treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":94057,"journal":{"name":"International journal of radiation biology","volume":" ","pages":"205-214"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142857331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integration of multi-omics and benchmark dose modeling to support adverse outcome pathways.","authors":"Ngoc Q Vuong, Saadia Khilji, Andrew Williams, Nadine Adam, Danicia Flores, Kelly M Fulton, Isabel Baay, Susan M Twine, Matthew J Meier, Premkumari Kumarathasan, Ruth C Wilkins, Carole L Yauk, Vinita Chauhan","doi":"10.1080/09553002.2024.2442694","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09553002.2024.2442694","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Recent advancements in omics and benchmark dose (BMD) modeling have facilitated identifying the dose required for a predetermined change in a response (e.g. gene or protein change) that can be used to establish acceptable dose levels for hazardous exposures. Adverse Outcome Pathways (AOPs) describe the causal links between toxicants and adverse effects through key events (KEs). Integrating omics data within the AOP framework quantitatively links early molecular events to later phenotypic effects. In this study, we use omic-based BMD analyses in an in vitro blood model exposed to radiation to identify point of departure (POD) values across KEs to acute myeloid leukemia (www.aopwiki.org/aop/432).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Isolated white blood cells were cultured and X-irradiated (1 Gy/minute, 0-6 Gy). Transcriptomic and proteomic changes were assessed 24 h post-exposure. BMD modeling was applied and significantly perturbed genes/proteins and pathways were identified. Those pathways relevant to KEs outlined in AOP 432 were grouped and a POD was determined.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>BMD modeling identified 1294 genes and 167 proteins with median BMD lower confident limit (BMD) values of 1.35 and 0.32 Gy, respectively. Pathway analysis identified biological processes related to DNA damage/repair, oxidative stress, cell cycle regulation, immune responses, and cancer development. These findings aligned with the KEs in AOP 432. The BMDL values of canonical pathways associated with these KEs were generally below 0.5 Gy with specific genes (e.g. GADD45A) displaying BMDLs <0.05 Gy.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This work provides insights into predictive radiation induced mechanisms and associated dose of activity that can be taken into consideration for low dose (< 0.1 Gy) risk analysis.</p>","PeriodicalId":94057,"journal":{"name":"International journal of radiation biology","volume":" ","pages":"240-253"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142923445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In vitro regeneration and optimization of physical and chemical mutagenesis protocol in tuberose (<i>Agave amica</i> (Medik.) Thiede & Govaerts) cv. 'Arka Vaibhav'.","authors":"Mahananda Patil, Thangaraj Usha Bharathi, T R Usharani, M R Rohini, Rajiv Kumar, Balaji S Kulkarni, Keerthi M C","doi":"10.1080/09553002.2024.2447511","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09553002.2024.2447511","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Tuberose (<i>Agave amica</i> [Medik.]) is a vegetatively propagated commercial flower crop with limited genetic variability. Crossing barriers prevailing in tuberose necessitates modern breeding techniques like in vitro mutagenesis to generate variability. Hence, this study aimed to establish an efficient in vitro regeneration protocol for the rapid multiplication of tuberose and optimize the method for in vitro mutagenesis using the terminal stem scale as the explant.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>MS medium supplemented with 17.74 µM benzyl aminopurine) (BAP) and 0.57 µM indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) showed the maximum number of multiple shoots (5.0), with optimal shoot length (6.77 cm) and number of leaves (6.07). The shoots formed maximum rooting (99.44%) in MS medium supplemented with 4.90 µM indole-3-butyric acid, with an average of 26.89 roots per shoot. In vitro mutagenesis attempted physically <i>via</i> gamma irradiation led to an LD_{25, 50, 75} values of 13.21, 20.81, 32.79 Gy, respectively. The incorporation of ethyl methane sulfonate (EMS) into the culture media at a concentration of 0.08%, 0.13%, and 0.21% effectively resulted in LD_{25, 50, 75}, respectively. Pretreating explants with 0.13% EMS for 15 min, 0.18% EMS for 30 min, 0.14% EMS for 45, and 0.11% EMS for 60 min were optimal for achieving 50% survival and plant regeneration using the regeneration protocol described above.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The regeneration protocol and optimized mutagen dose for in vitro mutagenesis developed in this study can be utilized for rapid multiplication of the cultivar and as a tool in genetic improvement programs aimed at inducing variability for commercially significant traits in tuberose.</p>","PeriodicalId":94057,"journal":{"name":"International journal of radiation biology","volume":" ","pages":"398-410"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143034891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"N-acetyl-L-tryptophan provides radioprotection to mouse and primate models by antagonizing the TRPV1 receptor and substance P inhibition.","authors":"Raj Kumar, Pratibha Kumari, Neelanshu Gaurav, Ravi Kumar, Darshana Singh, Poonam Malhotra, Shravan Kumar Singh, Rabi Sankar Bhatta, Anil Kumar, Perumal Nagarajan, Surender Singh, Nishu Dalal, Bal Gangadhar Roy, Anant Narayan Bhatt, Sudhir Chandna","doi":"10.1080/09553002.2024.2435330","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09553002.2024.2435330","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The present study was carried out to evaluate the radioprotective activities of N-acetyl-L-tryptophan (L-NAT) using rodent and non-human primate (NHP) models.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The antagonistic effect of L-NAT on the Transient receptor potential vanilloid-1 (TRPV1) receptor and substance P inhibition was determined using molecular docking and Elisa assays. The in <i>vivo</i> radioprotective activity of L-NAT was evaluated using whole-body survival assays in mice and NHPs. Radioprotective activity of L-NAT was also determined at the systemic level using quantitative histological analysis of bone marrow, jejunum, and seminiferous tubules of irradiated mice.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Molecular docking studies revealed a strong binding of L-NAT with TRPV1 receptor at similar binding pockets to which capsaicin, an agonist of the TRPV1 receptor, binds. Further, capsaicin and gamma radiation were found to induce substance P levels in the intestines and serum of the mice, while L-NAT pretreatment was found to inhibit it. Significant whole-body survival (>80%) was observed in irradiated (9.0 Gy) mice that pretreated with L-NAT (150 mg/kg, b.wt. im) compared to 0% survival in irradiated mice that not pretreated with L-NAT. The quantitative histology of the hematopoietic, gastrointestinal, and male reproductive systems demonstrated significant protection against radiation-induced cellular degeneration. Interestingly, 100% survival was observed with irradiated NHPs (6.5 Gy) that pretreated with L-NAT (37.5 mg/kg, b.wt.im). Significant improvement in the hematology profile was observed after days 10-20 post-treatment periods in irradiated (6.5 Gy) NHPs that were pretreated with L-NAT.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>L-NAT demonstrated excellent radioprotective activity in the mice and NHP models, probably by antagonizing TRPV1 receptor and subsequently inhibiting substance P expression.</p>","PeriodicalId":94057,"journal":{"name":"International journal of radiation biology","volume":" ","pages":"118-143"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142840678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determining the optimal gamma irradiation dose for developing novel cowpea (<i>Vigna unguiculata</i>) genotypes.","authors":"Sara Diallo, François Abaye Badiane, Mame Diarra Gueye, Made Diouf, Diaga Diouf","doi":"10.1080/09553002.2024.2440849","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09553002.2024.2440849","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Cowpea (<i>Vigna unguiculata</i> (L.) Walp.) is a major legume crops for human consumption and livestock feed in tropical regions. Although its importance, the crop's production is subjected to numerous constraints, raising the need to develop outstanding genotypes. In this line, this study assesses the effects of gamma irradiation doses on cowpea genotypes to determine the LD50 and its effects on agro-morphological parameters.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Healthy dry seeds of three cowpea genotypes, Bambey 21, Me51-M4-39M9, and Ndout violet pods (VP), were exposed to four doses of gamma-rays 0, 200, 300, and 400 Gy. Qualitative and quantitative parameters were evaluated since germination, and a two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed on the means of quantitative traits using R software.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results revealed that the LD50 on seed germination and plant survival ranged from 579 and 446.25 Gy, in Me51-M4-39M9, respectively. These values varied significantly among genotypes and revealed that low doses of gamma irradiation stimulated germination speed and had a positive effect on the early flowering of Ndout VP. Higher doses of gamma irradiation induced more severe mutations, causing visible effects such as changes in leaf color (albino, xantha, viridis, and variegation) and phyllotaxis. The frequency of chlorophyll mutants induced by gamma irradiation was found to be dose-genotype/dependent, with Bambey 21 being the most sensitive variety. Lower doses induced desirable mutations such as stem pigmentation and seed hilum coloration on Bambey 21 and Me51-M4-39M9. It has also had a positive impact on seedling height and leaf number in Bambey 21 and Ndout VP. However, high irradiation doses lead to a significant reduction in certain quantitative traits, such as plant height (PH), leaf length (LL), leaf width (LW), pod width (PWD), pod weight (PW), seed width (SWD), and seed weight. Analysis of the phenotypic performance of quantitative traits allowed us to cluster the four doses by genotype into three groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The optimum dose of gamma-irradiation in cowpea mutation breeding is genotype-dependent. The effects of gamma-irradiation on these traits and their relationships are highly dependent on the specific crop and genotype. Further research is needed to understand these effects underlying mechanisms and develop crop improvement strategies using gamma irradiation.</p>","PeriodicalId":94057,"journal":{"name":"International journal of radiation biology","volume":" ","pages":"174-185"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142924322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intravitreal melatonin for the prevention of radiation retinopathy: a step beyond bevacizumab.","authors":"Alper Kahvecioglu, Ecem Yigit, Nargiz Rustamova, Aysima Sezer, Samiye Yabanoglu Ciftci, Demet Yildiz, Huseyin Selcuk Surucu, Irem Koc, Hayyam Kiratli, Abdullah Faruk Zorlu, Gozde Yazici","doi":"10.1080/09553002.2025.2451621","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09553002.2025.2451621","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Intravitreal bevacizumab has been utilized to mitigate radiation retinopathy, yet the potential role of intravitreal melatonin for its prevention remains unexplored. This study aims to evaluate and compare the efficacy of intravitreal melatonin and bevacizumab in preventing radiation retinopathy in an experimental animal model.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Twelve healthy male New Zealand white rabbits (<i>n</i> = 24 eyes) received a single 3000 cGy irradiation dose in both eyes. Intravitreal melatonin (100 mcg/kg = 300 mcg/0.05 mL) was administered to the left eyes of six rabbits, and bevacizumab (1.25 mg/0.05 mL) to the left eyes of the remaining six, with sham injections given to the right eyes as controls. Six weeks after irradiation, bilateral enucleation was performed for biochemical and histopathological evaluation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Oxidative stress markers did not differ significantly between the groups (<i>p</i> = .827). Both melatonin and bevacizumab treatments markedly reduced axonal damage compared to the sham control group (<i>p</i> < .001). Melatonin also demonstrated a trend toward superior neuroprotective effects relative to bevacizumab, though this difference was not statistically significant (<i>p</i> = .07).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Intravitreal melatonin demonstrated efficacy comparable to bevacizumab in reducing radiation-induced retinopathy, with an encouraging trend toward enhanced neuroprotection. These findings position melatonin as a potential novel therapeutic for radiation retinopathy prophylaxis. Further research with larger, long-term studies is warranted to validate these results and investigate melatonin's broader applications in retinal protection.</p>","PeriodicalId":94057,"journal":{"name":"International journal of radiation biology","volume":" ","pages":"391-397"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142974084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}