IEEE transactions on biomedical circuits and systems最新文献_第7页

Ultra-Compact Pulse Charger for Lithium Polymer Battery With Simple Built-in Resistance Compensation in Biomedical Applications 用于锂聚合物电池的超紧凑型脉冲充电器，内置生物医学应用中的简单电阻补偿。

IEEE transactions on biomedical circuits and systems Pub Date : 2024-03-16 DOI: 10.1109/TBCAS.2024.3401846

Yemin Kim;Junhyuck Lee;Byunghun Lee

{"title":"Ultra-Compact Pulse Charger for Lithium Polymer Battery With Simple Built-in Resistance Compensation in Biomedical Applications","authors":"Yemin Kim;Junhyuck Lee;Byunghun Lee","doi":"10.1109/TBCAS.2024.3401846","DOIUrl":"10.1109/TBCAS.2024.3401846","url":null,"abstract":"Active implantable medical devices (AIMDs) rely on batteries for uninterrupted operation and patient safety. Therefore, it is critical to ensure battery safety and longevity. To achieve this, constant current/constant voltage (CC/CV) methods have been commonly used and research has been conducted to compensate for the effects of built-in resistance (BIR) of batteries. However, conventional CC/CV methods may pose the risk of lithium plating. Furthermore, conventional compensation methods for BIR require external components, complex algorithms, or large chip sizes, which inhibit the miniaturization and integration of AIMDs. To address this issue, we have developed a pulse charger that utilizes pulse current to ensure battery safety and facilitate easy compensation for BIR. A comparison with previous research on BIR compensation shows that our approach achieves the smallest chip size of 0.0062 mm\u00002\u0000 and the lowest system complexity using 1-bit ADC. In addition, we have demonstrated a reduction in charging time by at least 44.4% compared to conventional CC/CV methods, validating the effectiveness of our system’s BIR compensation. The compact size and safety features of the proposed charging system make it promising for AIMDs, which have space-constrained environments.","PeriodicalId":94031,"journal":{"name":"IEEE transactions on biomedical circuits and systems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140961387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Towards A Wireless Image Sensor for Real-Time Fluorescence Microscopy in Cancer Therapy. 开发用于癌症治疗实时荧光显微镜的无线图像传感器

IEEE transactions on biomedical circuits and systems Pub Date : 2024-03-13 DOI: 10.1109/TBCAS.2024.3374886

Rozhan Rabbani, Hossein Najafiaghdam, Micah Roschelle, Efthymios Philip Papageorgiou, Biqi Rebekah Zhao, Mohammad Meraj Ghanbari, Rikky Muller, Vladimir Stojanovic, Mekhail Anwar

{"title":"Towards A Wireless Image Sensor for Real-Time Fluorescence Microscopy in Cancer Therapy.","authors":"Rozhan Rabbani, Hossein Najafiaghdam, Micah Roschelle, Efthymios Philip Papageorgiou, Biqi Rebekah Zhao, Mohammad Meraj Ghanbari, Rikky Muller, Vladimir Stojanovic, Mekhail Anwar","doi":"10.1109/TBCAS.2024.3374886","DOIUrl":"10.1109/TBCAS.2024.3374886","url":null,"abstract":"We present a mm-sized, ultrasonically powered lensless CMOS image sensor as a progress towards wireless fluorescence microscopy. Access to biological information within the tissue has the potential to provide insights guiding diagnosis and treatment across numerous medical conditions including cancer therapy. This information, in conjunction with current clinical imaging techniques that have limitations in obtaining images continuously and lack wireless compatibility, can improve continual detection of multicell clusters deep within tissue. The proposed platform incorporates a 2.4×4.7 mm2 integrated circuit (IC) fabricated in TSMC 0.18 μm, a micro laser diode (μLD), a single piezoceramic and off-chip storage capacitors. The IC consists of a 36×40 array of capacitive trans-impedance amplifier-based pixels, wireless power management and communication via ultrasound and a laser driver all controlled by a Finite State Machine. The piezoceramic harvests energy from the acoustic waves at a depth of 2 cm to power up the IC and transfer 11.5 kbits/frame via backscattering. During Charge-Up, the off-chip capacitor stores charge to later supply a high-power 78 mW μLD during Imaging. Proof of concept of the imaging front end is shown by imaging distributions of CD8 T-cells, an indicator of the immune response to cancer, ex vivo, in the lymph nodes of a functional immune system (BL6 mice) against colorectal cancer consistent with the results of a fluorescence microscope. The overall system performance is verified by detecting 140 μm features on a USAF resolution target with 32 ms exposure time and 389 ms ultrasound backscattering.","PeriodicalId":94031,"journal":{"name":"IEEE transactions on biomedical circuits and systems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140066385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An Ultra-Low Power Fixed-Window Level Crossing ADC for ECG Recording. 用于心电图记录的超低功耗固定窗口电平转换 ADC。

IEEE transactions on biomedical circuits and systems Pub Date : 2024-03-12 DOI: 10.1109/TBCAS.2024.3376642

Mahdi Ghasemi, Nassim Ravanshad, Hamidreza Rezaee-Dehsorkh

引用次数: 0

Multi-Resonator Wireless Inductive Power Link for Wearables on the 2D Surface and Implants in 3D Space of the Human Body. 用于人体二维表面可穿戴设备和三维空间植入物的多谐振器无线感应供电链路。

IEEE transactions on biomedical circuits and systems Pub Date : 2024-03-11 DOI: 10.1109/TBCAS.2024.3375794

Reepa Saha, Zohreh Kaffash, S Abdollah Mirbozorgi

{"title":"Multi-Resonator Wireless Inductive Power Link for Wearables on the 2D Surface and Implants in 3D Space of the Human Body.","authors":"Reepa Saha, Zohreh Kaffash, S Abdollah Mirbozorgi","doi":"10.1109/TBCAS.2024.3375794","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TBCAS.2024.3375794","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a novel resonance-based, adaptable, and flexible inductive wireless power transmission (WPT) link for powering implantable and wearable devices throughout the human body. The proposed design provides a comprehensive solution for wirelessly delivering power, sub-micro to hundreds of milliwatts, to deep-tissue implantable devices (3D space of human body) and surface-level wearable devices (2D surface of human skin) safely and seamlessly. The link comprises a belt-fitted transmitter (Belt-Tx) coil equipped with a power amplifier (PA) and a data demodulator unit, two resonator clusters (to cover upper-body and lower-body), and a receiver (Rx) unit that consists of Rx load and resonator coils, rectifier, microcontroller, and data modulator units for implementing a closed-loop power control (CLPC) mechanism. All coils are tuned at 13.56 MHz, Federal Communications Commission (FCC)-approved industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) band. Novel customizable configurations of resonators in the clusters, parallel for implantable devices and cross-parallel for wearable devices and vertically oriented implants, ensure uniform power delivered to the load, PDL, enabling natural Tx power localization toward the Rx unit. The proposed design is modeled, simulated, and optimized using ANSYS HFSS software. The Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) is calculated under 1.5 W/kg, indicating the design's safety for the human body. The proposed link is implemented, and its performance is characterized. For both the parallel cluster (implant) and cross-parallel cluster (wearable) scenarios, the measured results indicate: 1) an upper-body PDL exceeding 350 mW with a Power Transfer Efficiency (PTE) reaching 25%, and 2) a lower-body PDL surpassing 360 mW with a PTE of up to 20%, while covering up to 92% of the human body.","PeriodicalId":94031,"journal":{"name":"IEEE transactions on biomedical circuits and systems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140103055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An 800MΩ-Input-Impedance 95.3dB-DR Δ-ΔΣ AFE for Dry-Electrode Wearable EEG Recording. 用于干电极穿戴式脑电图记录的 800MΩ 输入阻抗 95.3dB-DR Δ-ΔΣ AFE。

IEEE transactions on biomedical circuits and systems Pub Date : 2024-03-08 DOI: 10.1109/TBCAS.2024.3374891

Yuying Li, Yijie Li, Hao Li, Zhiliang Hong, Jiawei Xu

{"title":"An 800MΩ-Input-Impedance 95.3dB-DR Δ-ΔΣ AFE for Dry-Electrode Wearable EEG Recording.","authors":"Yuying Li, Yijie Li, Hao Li, Zhiliang Hong, Jiawei Xu","doi":"10.1109/TBCAS.2024.3374891","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TBCAS.2024.3374891","url":null,"abstract":"Non-invasive, closed-loop brain modulation offers an accessible and cost-effective means of evaluating and modulating one's mental and physical well-being, such as Parkinson's disease, epilepsy, and sleep disorders. However, wearable EEG systems pose significant challenges for the analog front-end (AFE) circuits in view of μV-level EEG signals of interest, multiple sources of interference, and ill-defined skin contact. This paper presents a direct-digitization AFE tailored for dry-electrode scalp EEG recording, characterized by wide input dynamic range (DR) and high input impedance. The AFE utilizes a second-order 5-bit delta-delta sigma (Δ-ΔΣ) ADC to shape DC electrode offset (DEO) and low-frequency disturbances while retaining high accuracy. A non-inverting pseudo-differential instrumentation amplifier (IA) embedded in the ADC ensures high input impedance (Zin) and common-mode rejection ratio (CMRR). Fabricated in a standard 0.18-μm CMOS process, the AFE delivers 700-mVpp input signal range, 95.3-dB DR, 87-dB SNDR, and 800-MΩ input impedance at 50 Hz while consuming 88.4μW from a 1.2 V supply. The benefits of high DR and high input impedance have been validated by dry-electrode EEG measurement.","PeriodicalId":94031,"journal":{"name":"IEEE transactions on biomedical circuits and systems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140066384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An Energy-Efficient FD-fNIRS Readout Circuit Employing a Mixer-First Analog Frontend and a $Sigma$-$Delta$ Phase-to-Digital Converter 采用混频器先行模拟前端和 Σ-Δ 相位数字转换器的高能效 FD-fNIRS 读出电路。

IEEE transactions on biomedical circuits and systems Pub Date : 2024-03-07 DOI: 10.1109/TBCAS.2024.3372887

Zhouchen Ma;Cheng Chen;Yuxiang Lin;Liang Qi;Yongfu Li;Xia Bi;Mohamad Sawan;Guoxing Wang;Jian Zhao

{"title":"An Energy-Efficient FD-fNIRS Readout Circuit Employing a Mixer-First Analog Frontend and a $Sigma$-$Delta$ Phase-to-Digital Converter","authors":"Zhouchen Ma;Cheng Chen;Yuxiang Lin;Liang Qi;Yongfu Li;Xia Bi;Mohamad Sawan;Guoxing Wang;Jian Zhao","doi":"10.1109/TBCAS.2024.3372887","DOIUrl":"10.1109/TBCAS.2024.3372887","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a low-power frequency-domain functional near-infrared spectroscopy (FD-fNIRS) readout circuit for the absolute value measurement of tissue optical characteristics. The paper proposes a mixer-first analog front-end (AFE) structure and a 1-bit \u0000<inline-formula><tex-math>$Sigma$</tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000-\u0000<inline-formula><tex-math>$Delta$</tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000 phase-to-digital converter (PDC) to reduce the required circuit bandwidth and the laser modulation frequency, thereby saving power while maintaining high resolution. The proposed chip achieves sub-0.01\u0000<inline-formula><tex-math>${}^{circ}$</tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000 phase resolution and consumes 6.8 mW of power. Nine optical solid phantoms are produced to evaluate the chip. Compared to a self-built high-precision measurement platform that combines a network analyzer with an avalanche photodiode (APD) module, the maximum measuring errors of the absorption coefficient and reduced scattering coefficient are 10.6% and 12.3%, respectively.","PeriodicalId":94031,"journal":{"name":"IEEE transactions on biomedical circuits and systems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140029817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Wirelessly Powered Scattered Neural Recording Wearable System 无线供电散射神经记录可穿戴系统

IEEE transactions on biomedical circuits and systems Pub Date : 2024-03-07 DOI: 10.1109/TBCAS.2024.3397669

Yiming Han;Linran Zhao;Raymond G. Stephany;Ju-Chun Hsieh;Huiliang Wang;Yaoyao Jia

{"title":"A Wirelessly Powered Scattered Neural Recording Wearable System","authors":"Yiming Han;Linran Zhao;Raymond G. Stephany;Ju-Chun Hsieh;Huiliang Wang;Yaoyao Jia","doi":"10.1109/TBCAS.2024.3397669","DOIUrl":"10.1109/TBCAS.2024.3397669","url":null,"abstract":"This paper introduces a wirelessly powered scattered neural recording wearable system that can facilitate continuous, untethered, and long-term electroencephalogram (EEG) recording. The proposed system, including 32 standalone EEG recording devices and a central controller, is incorporated in a wearable form factor. The standalone devices are sparsely distributed on the scalp, allowing for flexible placement and varying quantities to provide extensive spatial coverage and scalability. Each standalone device featuring a low-power EEG recording application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) wirelessly receives power through a 60 MHz inductive link. The low-power ASIC design (84.6 µW) ensures sufficient wireless power reception through a small receiver (Rx) coil. The 60 MHz inductive link also serves as the data carrier for wireless communication between standalone devices and the central controller, eliminating the need for additional data antennas. All these efforts contribute to the miniaturization of standalone devices with dimensions of 12 × 12 × 5 mm\u00003\u0000, enhancing device wearability. The central controller applies the pulse width modulation (PWM) scheme on the 60 MHz carrier, transmitting user commands at 4 Mbps to EEG recording ASICs. The ASIC employs a novel synchronized PWM demodulator to extract user commands, operating signal digitization and data transmission. The analog frontend (AFE) amplifies the EEG signal with a gain of 45 dB and applies band-pass filtering from 0.03 Hz to 400 Hz, with an input-referred noise (IRN) of 3.62 µV\u0000RMS\u0000. The amplified EEG signal is then digitized by a 10-bit successive approximation register (SAR) analog-to-digital converter (ADC) with a peak signal-to-noise and distortion ratio (SNDR) of 55.4 dB. The resulting EEG data is transmitted to an external software-defined radio (SDR) Rx through load-shift-keying (LSK) backscatter at 3.75 Mbps. The system’s functionality is fully evaluated in human experiments.","PeriodicalId":94031,"journal":{"name":"IEEE transactions on biomedical circuits and systems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140878222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Wireless Multimodal Physiological Monitoring ASIC for Animal Health Monitoring Injectable Devices. 用于动物健康监测注射设备的无线多模态生理监测 ASIC。

IEEE transactions on biomedical circuits and systems Pub Date : 2024-03-04 DOI: 10.1109/TBCAS.2024.3372571

Linran Zhao, Raymond G Stephany, Yiming Han, Parvez Ahmmed, Tzu-Ping Huang, Alper Bozkurt, Yaoyao Jia

{"title":"A Wireless Multimodal Physiological Monitoring ASIC for Animal Health Monitoring Injectable Devices.","authors":"Linran Zhao, Raymond G Stephany, Yiming Han, Parvez Ahmmed, Tzu-Ping Huang, Alper Bozkurt, Yaoyao Jia","doi":"10.1109/TBCAS.2024.3372571","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TBCAS.2024.3372571","url":null,"abstract":"Utilizing injectable devices for monitoring animal health offers several advantages over traditional wearable devices, including improved signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and enhanced immunity to motion artifacts. We present a wireless application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) for injectable devices. The ASIC has multiple physiological sensing modalities including body temperature monitoring, electrocardiography (ECG), and photoplethysmography (PPG). The ASIC fabricated using the CMOS 180 nm process is sized to fit into an injectable microchip implant. The ASIC features a low-power design, drawing an average DC power of 155.3 μW, enabling the ASIC to be wirelessly powered through an inductive link. To capture the ECG signal, we designed the ECG analog frontend (AFE) with 0.3 Hz low cut-off frequency and 45-79 dB adjustable midband gain. To measure PPG, we employ an energy-efficient and safe switched-capacitor-based (SC) light emitting diode (LED) driver to illuminate an LED with milliampere-level current pulses. A SC integrator-based AFE converts the current of photodiode with a programmable transimpedance gain. A resistor-based Wheatstone Bridge (WhB) temperature sensor followed by an instrumentation amplifier (IA) provides 27-47 °C sensing range with 0.02 °C inaccuracy. Recorded physiological signals are sequentially sampled and quantized by a 10-bit analog-to-digital converter (ADC) with the successive approximation register (SAR) architecture. The SAR ADC features an energy-efficient switching scheme and achieves a 57.5 dB signal-to-noise-and-distortion ratio (SNDR) within 1 kHz bandwidth. Then, a back data telemetry transmits the baseband data via a backscatter scheme with intermediate-frequency assistance. The ASIC's overall functionality and performance has been evaluated through an in vivo experiment.","PeriodicalId":94031,"journal":{"name":"IEEE transactions on biomedical circuits and systems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140029816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Spatially Diverse 2TX-3RX Galvanic-Coupled Transdural Telemetry for Tether-Less Distributed Brain-Computer Interfaces. 用于无系绳分布式脑机接口的空间多样性 2TX-3RX Galvanic-Coupled 经硬脑膜遥测技术。

IEEE transactions on biomedical circuits and systems Pub Date : 2024-03-04 DOI: 10.1109/TBCAS.2024.3373172

Chengyao Shi, Yuming He, Marios Gourdouparis, Guido Dolmans, Yao-Hong Liu

{"title":"A Spatially Diverse 2TX-3RX Galvanic-Coupled Transdural Telemetry for Tether-Less Distributed Brain-Computer Interfaces.","authors":"Chengyao Shi, Yuming He, Marios Gourdouparis, Guido Dolmans, Yao-Hong Liu","doi":"10.1109/TBCAS.2024.3373172","DOIUrl":"10.1109/TBCAS.2024.3373172","url":null,"abstract":"A near-field galvanic coupled transdural telemetry ASICs for intracortical brain-computer interfaces is presented. The proposed design features a two channels transmitter and three channels receiver (2TX-3RX) topology, which introduces spatial diversity to effectively mitigate misalignments (both lateral and rotational) between the brain and the skull and recovers the path loss by 13 dB when the RX is in the worst-case blind spot. This spatial diversity also allows the presented telemetry to support the spatial division multiplexing required for a high-capacity multi-implant distributed network. It achieves a signal-to-interference ratio of 12 dB, even with the adjacent interference node placed only 8 mm away from the desired link. While consuming only 0.33 mW for each channel, the presented RX achieves a wide bandwidth of 360 MHz and a low input referred noise of 13.21 nV/√Hz. The presented telemetry achieves a 270 Mbps data rate with a BER<10-6 and an energy efficiency of 3.4 pJ/b and 3.7 pJ/b, respectively. The core footprint of the TX and RX modules is only 100 and 52 mm2, respectively, minimizing the invasiveness of the surgery. The proposed transdural telemetry system has been characterized ex-vivo with a 7-mm thick porcine tissue.","PeriodicalId":94031,"journal":{"name":"IEEE transactions on biomedical circuits and systems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7616504/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140029815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Reconfigurable Near-Sensor Processor for Anomaly Detection in Limb Prostheses. 用于假肢异常检测的可重构近传感器处理器

IEEE transactions on biomedical circuits and systems Pub Date : 2024-02-28 DOI: 10.1109/TBCAS.2024.3370571

Jiayu Huang, Zikai Zhu, Peng Su, Dejiu Chen, Li-Rong Zheng, Zhuo Zou

{"title":"A Reconfigurable Near-Sensor Processor for Anomaly Detection in Limb Prostheses.","authors":"Jiayu Huang, Zikai Zhu, Peng Su, Dejiu Chen, Li-Rong Zheng, Zhuo Zou","doi":"10.1109/TBCAS.2024.3370571","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TBCAS.2024.3370571","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a reconfigurable near-sensor anomaly detection processor to real-time monitor the potential anomalous behaviors of amputees with limb prostheses. The processor is low-power, low-latency, and suitable for equipment on the prostheses and comprises a reconfigurable Variational Autoencoder (VAE), a scalable Self-Organizing Map (SOM) Array, and a window-size-adjustable Markov Chain, which can implement an integrated miniaturized anomaly detection system. With the reconfigurable VAE, the proposed processor can support up to 64 sensor sampling channels programmable by global configuration, which can meet the anomaly detection requirements in different scenarios. A scalable SOM array allows for the selection of different sizes based on the complexity of the data. Unlike traditional time accumulation-based anomaly detection methods, the Markov Chain is utilized to detect time-series-based anomalous data. The processor is designed and fabricated in a UMC 40-nm LP technology with a core area of 1.49 mm2 and a power consumption of 1.81 mW. It achieves real-time detection performance with 0.933 average F1 Score for the FSP dataset within 24.22 μs, and 0.956 average F1 Score for the SFDLA-12 dataset within 30.48 μs, respectively. The energy dissipation of detection for each input feature is 43.84 nJ with the FSP dataset, and 55.17 nJ with the SFDLA-12 dataset. Compared with ARM Cortex-M4 and ARM Cortex-M33 microcontrollers, the processor achieves energy and area efficiency improvements ranging from 257×, 193× and 11×, 8×, respectively.","PeriodicalId":94031,"journal":{"name":"IEEE transactions on biomedical circuits and systems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139992184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0