Frontiers in oral health最新文献

{"title":"Comparative analysis of oral microbiome in saliva samples of oral leukoplakia, proliferative leukoplakia and oral squamous cell carcinoma.","authors":"Rossella Intini, Sol Balsells, Leticia Bagan, Giulio Fortuna, Herve Sroussi, Jose Bagan","doi":"10.3389/froh.2025.1600090","DOIUrl":"10.3389/froh.2025.1600090","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs), including conventional leukoplakia (OL) and proliferative verrucous leukoplakia (PVL), have distinct risks of progression to oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). A role of the oral microbiome in this transformation is increasingly recognized, but its contribution remains unclear.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to analyze and compare the oral microbiota in patients with OL, PVL, and OSCC using 16S rRNA gene sequencing of saliva samples to identify microbial signatures associated with disease progression and to uncover potential biomarkers that would justify an aggressive treatment of OPMDs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Sixty-six subjects with OPMDs were enrolled, comprising OL (<i>n</i> = 10), PVL (<i>n</i> = 28), and OSCC (<i>n</i> = 28). Saliva samples were collected, and DNA was extracted. The V3-V4 regions of the 16S rRNA gene were sequenced using the Illumina MiSeq platform. Bioinformatic analyses, including diversity assessments and taxonomic classification with the SILVA v138 database, were performed using QIIME2. Alpha diversity was evaluated with Chao1, Shannon, and Simpson indices, while beta diversity was assessed using Bray-Curtis and Jaccard distances.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>PVL exhibited the highest species richness, followed by OL, with OSCC showing the lowest diversity. While alpha diversity differences among the groups were not statistically significant (<i>p</i> > 0.05), beta diversity revealed distinct microbial community structures between OL and both PVL and OSCC (<i>p</i> < 0.05), but not between PVL and OSCC. At the phylum level, <i>Firmicutes</i> predominated across all groups, with significantly higher <i>Actinobacteriota</i> levels in OL (<i>p</i> = 0.002).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Distinct microbial patterns differentiate OL from PVL and OSCC, with OL being different from PVL and OSCC, suggesting progressive microbial dysbiosis in malignant transformation. These findings support the potential of oral microbiome profiling as a non-invasive diagnostic and prognostic tool in oral oncology and highlight the need for longitudinal studies to establish causal relationships.</p>","PeriodicalId":94016,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in oral health","volume":"6 ","pages":"1600090"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12116504/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144176206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The DN-PUBLIC framework for enhanced oral healthcare precision: a public health strategy for dynamic navigation integration-a narrative review.","authors":"Ashwini Bhalerao, Vaibhav Kumar","doi":"10.3389/froh.2025.1598206","DOIUrl":"10.3389/froh.2025.1598206","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Oral health disparities remain a pressing global concern, especially in communities with limited access to specialized dental care. Implant dentistry, while transformative for tooth replacement, often relies on techniques that can be imprecise, operator-dependent, and prone to complications. Dynamic Navigation (DN), a real-time computer-assisted technology, offers a promising solution by enhancing accuracy, reducing errors, and supporting minimally invasive procedures. This narrative review explores how DN can improve clinical precision, reduce surgical complications, and make implantology more accessible and cost-effective. It introduces the DN-PUBLIC framework-a strategic, public health-focused approach for integrating DN into broader healthcare systems, with a strong alignment to the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).A comprehensive review of current literature was conducted, assessing DN's impact on surgical safety, recovery outcomes, cost-efficiency, and its growing role in dental education. The findings highlight that DN significantly improves implant placement accuracy and reduces risks such as nerve injury or misalignment. By allowing for flapless procedures and better soft tissue preservation, DN leads to quicker recovery and greater patient comfort. Beyond clinical outcomes, DN enables general practitioners to perform complex procedures more confidently, expanding access to quality care in underserved regions. Economic analyses also suggest reduced operative time, fewer complications, and lower healthcare costs. In conclusion, DN has the potential to transform public oral health by improving outcomes, training, and access. The DN-PUBLIC framework offers a clear roadmap to guide ethical, inclusive, and sustainable integration of DN technology in dental practice worldwide.</p>","PeriodicalId":94016,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in oral health","volume":"6 ","pages":"1598206"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12106405/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144164347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial: Oral health and quality of life in vulnerable populations.","authors":"Vini Mehta, Mohmed Isaqali Karobari, Luca Fiorillo","doi":"10.3389/froh.2025.1581194","DOIUrl":"10.3389/froh.2025.1581194","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":94016,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in oral health","volume":"6 ","pages":"1581194"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12106314/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144164280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding the relationship between children's oral health utilization and parent's use of healthcare services.","authors":"Shillpa Naavaal, Rashmi Lamsal","doi":"10.3389/froh.2025.1541045","DOIUrl":"10.3389/froh.2025.1541045","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Parents play an influential role in their children's lives, but little is known about how their healthcare experiences connect. This study examined the relationship between parent's healthcare use and their child's overall and preventive dental care use.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We pooled three years (2017-2019) of Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS) data and merged child (0-17 years) and parent data. Our outcomes included any dental visit, preventive visit, and receipt of sealant or fluoride. The primary exposure variable was the parents' medical and dental care use, grouped into four categories. Descriptive and bivariate analyses were conducted, and multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to examine the associations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study included data from 9,927 children. Overall, 50.1%, 42.3%, and 21.2% had any dental visit, preventive visit, and fluoride or sealant application, respectively, in the past 12 months. Among parents, 38.3% had both medical and dental visits, 5.8% had a dental but no medical, 36.7% had a medical but no dental, and 19.1% had neither. Children whose parents had medical and dental visits had more than five times the odds of having any dental visit (aOR = 5.49, 95% CI: 4.64, 6.52) and preventive dental visit (aOR = 5.41, 95% CI: 4.57, 6.39) and 3.64 times the odds of receiving sealant or fluoride application (95% CI: 2.93, 4.53) compared to those whose parents had no dental and medical visits.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Children's oral health utilization is strongly linked with parents' healthcare use. It can be improved by educating parents and supporting their healthcare use.</p>","PeriodicalId":94016,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in oral health","volume":"6 ","pages":"1541045"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12106425/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144164352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Macrophages and the immune microenvironment in OPMDs: a systematic review of the literature.","authors":"Samuele Sutera, Olga Anna Furchì, Monica Pentenero","doi":"10.3389/froh.2025.1605978","DOIUrl":"10.3389/froh.2025.1605978","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In the presence of cancers, Tumor Associated Macrophages have a well-established role, but the literature provides limited evidence regarding their involvement in the onset and malignant transformation of Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders (OPMDs).</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The present systematic review aimed to collect evidence on the presence and characterization of macrophages in the microenvironment of OPMDs.</p><p><strong>Data sources: </strong>PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE, Web of Science.</p><p><strong>Study eligibility criteria: </strong>Ex vivo or in silico human studies reporting original quantitative data on macrophage infiltration in OPMDs or Oral Epithelial Dysplasia (OED), published from 1990 onward.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thirty-seven studies were included for qualitative analysis. Investigated OPMDs included: oral leukoplakia, oral lichen planus, oral lichenoid lesions, proliferative leukoplakia, oral submucous fibrosis, actinic cheilitis, chronic graft vs. host disease.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Even though the heterogeneity of data from the included studies prevents a meta-analysis, the reported results are quite consistent in supporting an increasing macrophage infiltration from normal mucosa to OPMDs, OED, and Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC). An M1 pro-inflammatory polarization is prevalent in OPMDs, with a shift toward an M2 pro-tumorigenic polarization in moderate-severe OED and OSCC. Several novel markers including STAT1, IDO, PD-L1, APOE, ITGB2 appear to be able to identify macrophage clusters involved in pro-inflammatory or pro-tumorigenic pathways.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Evidence from the present review supports an active role of macrophages in regulating immune suppression, oncogenesis, and tumor progression in OPMDs and during the transition to OSCC. Future research should focus not merely on cell quantification and general M1/M2 polarization but rather on the expression of specific markers potentially linked to immunomodulatory pathways involved in oncogenesis.</p>","PeriodicalId":94016,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in oral health","volume":"6 ","pages":"1605978"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12106459/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144164345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the link between periodontitis and oral squamous cell carcinoma through Wnt/β-catenin pathway: a critical review.","authors":"Montserrat Reyes, Hery Urra, Daniel Peña-Oyarzún","doi":"10.3389/froh.2025.1575721","DOIUrl":"10.3389/froh.2025.1575721","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC), the main form of oral cancer, is a major health problem globally that affects 400,000 people every year. It has been postulated that periodontitis, a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by alveolar bone resorption, is an independent risk factor for OSCC. However, the mechanisms underlying this link are not fully elucidated. It has been demonstrated that the Wnt/β-catenin pathway is key to the transformation of oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMD) towards OSCC (i.e., leukoplakia), particularly in OPMD histologically diagnosed as oral dysplasia. Using a GEO database of oral carcinogenesis (GSE85195), the transcriptional modification of 19 Wnt ligands and 4 key regulatory proteins of β-catenin, including E-cadherin, APC, AXIN and GSK3B, during leukoplakia, and early and late stages OSCC, was determined. The transcriptional expression of these targets was also assessed in periodontitis (GEO database GSE223924). Together, it was found that Wnt ligands Wnt3, Wnt3a, Wnt5b and Wnt7b are concomitantly upregulated in periodontitis and oral carcinogenesis. With these results, and the information retrieved from the literature, this review discusses the potential role of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway as a molecular mechanism that could interlink periodontitis and OSCC.</p>","PeriodicalId":94016,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in oral health","volume":"6 ","pages":"1575721"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12104182/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144153051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial: The digital transformation of dental and maxillofacial practice towards preventive, personalised, and precision medicine.","authors":"Giorgio Lo Giudice, Ciro Emiliano Boschetti, Enrico Nastro Siniscalchi","doi":"10.3389/froh.2025.1611158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/froh.2025.1611158","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":94016,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in oral health","volume":"6 ","pages":"1611158"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12098269/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144145051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alveolar bone loss is associated with oral cancer: a case-control study.","authors":"Leah Trumet, Roman Fuchs, Joy Backhaus, Bettina Grötsch, Kerstin Galler, Marco Kesting, Manuel Weber","doi":"10.3389/froh.2025.1569491","DOIUrl":"10.3389/froh.2025.1569491","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>A link between chronic inflammation and malignant transformation is evident in various cancer types. Periodontitis is the most common chronic inflammatory condition in oral medicine with a proven association with systemic diseases like diabetes. Although there is scant evidence of a potential link between periodontitis and oral cancer there is no proof for a correlation yet. We hypothesize that radiographic bone loss (RABL) as indicator of chronic periodontitis is associated with the occurrence of oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>206 orthopantomograms (OPTs) from a cohort of OSCC cases and controls without OSCC, both between the age of 40 and 70, were analyzed in this retrospective study. Radiographic oral health parameters like radiographic alveolar bone loss (RABL), remaining teeth as well as implants were analyzed and compared between the two groups. The analyses of the study were controlled for the impact of confounders such as diabetes, smoking of tobacco and age. Welch-test, Chi-Square-Test and a two-way Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) followed by a Bonferroni <i>post-hoc</i> test for multiple pairwise comparison were performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Several statistically significant differences were identified between the two groups, with a greater than twofold prevalence of nicotine consumption among the OSCC group. Additionally, the OSCC cohort exhibited a mean age approximately 3.5 years higher and a lower number of remaining teeth compared to the control group. After eliminating the effect of these confounders, a significantly greater loss of bone mass was observed in the OSCC cohort in comparison to the control cohort.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In consideration of the confounders, patients with OSCC had more bone loss, compared to controls. These data indicate an association between periodontitis derived chronical inflammation and the malignant transformation of oral epithelium.</p>","PeriodicalId":94016,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in oral health","volume":"6 ","pages":"1569491"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12098299/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144145049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of the modified basic package of oral care on adolescent dental caries status in Zambia; a cluster randomized trial.","authors":"Severine N Anthony, Hawa S Mbawalla, Febronia K Kahabuka, Seter Siziya, Anne N Åstrøm","doi":"10.3389/froh.2025.1542337","DOIUrl":"10.3389/froh.2025.1542337","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The Basic Package of Oral Care (BPOC) was developed by the World Health Organization (WHO) in order to improve oral health care worldwide, yet evidence of its effectiveness is scarce. This study primarily assessed the outcome of applying modified BPOC on dental caries prevalence and secondarily on knowledge and behaviors related to dental caries among adolescents in Copperbelt Province, Zambia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A parallel arms cluster randomized field trial including 22 public secondary schools (11-intevention, 11-control) was carried out between January 2021 and March 2023 in Copperbelt Province, Zambia. A validated questionnaire collected data with respect to socio-demographics, knowledge, and dental caries-related behaviors. The caries assessment spectrum and treatment (CAST) instrument was used to examine the spectrum of carious lesions during the baseline, and the follow-up data collection phases. The 1st and 2nd follow up exams were conducted at 18 and 24 months after baseline, respectively. The intervention group received a six-month duration modified BPOC intervention while, the control group continued with their routine oral self-care. The analysis was based on the intention-to-treat protocol using generalized estimating equations (GEE), and the results were reported as OR (95% CI).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of 1,794 participants at baseline, 1,690 (94.2%) and 1,597 (89.0%) were examined at the 1st and 2nd follow up intervals, respectively. Dental caries models showed significant interaction at 18 and 24 months [OR (95% CI) = 0.7 (0.6, 0.8), <i>p</i> < 0.001]. Adequate knowledge and use of fluoridated toothpaste models were the only secondary outcomes with significant interactions at 18 and 24 months follow up. Stratified analysis at 18 and 24 months showed that the intervention group had better outcomes for adequate knowledge, use of fluoridated toothpaste and dental caries.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The modified BPOC was effective in reducing the prevalence of dental caries, improving knowledge on dental caries, and increasing the frequency of using fluoridated toothpaste among Zambian adolescents.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial registration: </strong>[https://pactr.samrc.ac.za/TrialDisplay.aspx?TrialID=24046], identifier [PACTR202210624926299].</p>","PeriodicalId":94016,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in oral health","volume":"6 ","pages":"1542337"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12092211/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144121811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Redefine oral health: a call for inclusivity in the concept of oral health.","authors":"Moréniké Oluwátóyìn Foláyan, Nicaise Ndembi, Olunike Rebecca Abodunrin, Bridget Haire","doi":"10.3389/froh.2025.1543770","DOIUrl":"10.3389/froh.2025.1543770","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Current, globally accepted definitions of oral health emphasize pain-free functionality, expressive capacity, and specific psychosocial dimensions that contribute to self-confidence, well-being, and societal participation. However, these definitions inadvertently exclude diverse lived experiences by framing oral health solely through a lens of \"normal\" functionality and absence of discomfort, failing to consider the ways in which oral health can be experienced uniquely by different individuals and communities. The narrow focus on \"pain-free\" oral health excludes valid aspects of sexual expression, which may involve consensual oral activities that some find pleasurable even if associated with discomfort. This manuscript examines the limitations of the WHO and FDI definitions of oral health, critiques their exclusion of minority perspectives, and advocates for a more inclusive, holistic approach. Such an approach recognizes the complex and varied ways oral health intersects with identity, intimacy, and societal norms. Normalizing discussions on oral sexual health are essential to advancing a comprehensive understanding of well-being and reducing stigma around sexual minority experiences. Expanding oral health definitions to accommodate broader conceptions of intimacy and pleasure can enhance public health policy, clinical practice, and education, fostering a comprehensive understanding of well-being that reduces stigma around sexual minority experiences and further marginalization of sexual minorities in accessing inclusive care.</p>","PeriodicalId":94016,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in oral health","volume":"6 ","pages":"1543770"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12092214/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144121808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}