Frontiers in oral health最新文献

{"title":"Animal models of oral infectious diseases.","authors":"Jing Li, Ya-Nan Zhao, Yi-Hui Wang, Yao Chen, Jia-Long Hou, Da-Yuan Wang, Linqi Shi, Jing Shen","doi":"10.3389/froh.2025.1571492","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/froh.2025.1571492","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Oral infectious diseases, including caries, pulpitis, periodontitis, and oral candidiasis, are caused by plaque biofilm or dysbiosis. These conditions affect over two billion people worldwide, imposing a significant burden on healthcare systems and economies. Developing suitable animal models is crucial for investigating the underlying mechanisms of these diseases and evaluating potential therapeutic strategies. Currently, most animal models of oral infectious diseases are built via inoculating a single pathogenic bacterium. However, these models often fail to fully replicate the complex disease processes observed in humans. As a result, alternative methods are needed to explore more accurate animal models that better represent the progression of oral infectious diseases. Herein, this mini-review provides a concise overview of strategies for constructing animal models of oral infectious diseases, focusing on four representative conditions: caries, pulpitis, periodontitis, and oral candidiasis. The goal is to offer valuable insights and references for researchers working in the field of animal model development for oral health.</p>","PeriodicalId":94016,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in oral health","volume":"6 ","pages":"1571492"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12063496/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144056439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Monitoring oral health remotely: ethical considerations when using AI among vulnerable populations.","authors":"Colman McGrath, Chun Wang Reinhard Chau, Gustavo Fabián Molina","doi":"10.3389/froh.2025.1587630","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/froh.2025.1587630","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Technological innovations in dentistry are revolutionizing the monitoring and management of oral health. This perspective article critically examines the rapid expansion of remote monitoring technologies-including artificial intelligence (AI)-driven diagnostics, electronic health records (EHR), wearable devices, mobile health applications, and chatbots-and discusses their ethical, legal, and social implications. The accelerated adoption of these digital tools, particularly in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, has enhanced accessibility to care while simultaneously raising significant concerns regarding patient consent, data privacy, and algorithmic biases. We review current applications ranging from AI-assisted detection of dental pathologies to blockchain-enabled data transfer within EHR systems, highlighting the potential for improved diagnostic accuracy and the risks associated with over-reliance on remote assessments. Furthermore, we underscore the challenges posed by the digital divide, where disparities in digital literacy and access may inadvertently exacerbate existing socio-economic and health inequalities. This article calls for the development and rigorous implementation of ethical frameworks and regulatory guidelines that ensure the reliability, transparency, and accountability of digital health innovations. By integrating multidisciplinary insights, our discussion aims to foster a balanced approach that maximizes the clinical benefits of emerging technologies while safeguarding patient autonomy and promoting equitable healthcare delivery.</p>","PeriodicalId":94016,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in oral health","volume":"6 ","pages":"1587630"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12034695/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144059176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effects of electronic smoking on dental caries and proinflammatory markers: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Abedelmalek Kalefh Tabnjh, Sara Alizadehgharib, Guglielmo Campus, Peter Lingström","doi":"10.3389/froh.2025.1569806","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/froh.2025.1569806","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Smoking and the use of electronic cigarettes (e-cigs) are common practices that have significant consequences for oral health. Although the negative impact of traditional tobacco products on oral tissues is widely known, the emergence of e-cigs poses a new obstacle. This review summarises existing data on the influence of e-cigs on oral health, with a specific emphasis on dental caries and pro-inflammatory agents.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A comprehensive search was conducted via PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Scopus to identify relevant studies published until September 2024. The structured search strategy uncovered 42 articles that were read in full text. The included articles consisted of clinical trials, observational studies, and laboratory investigations that examined the impact of e-cig aerosol on oral bacteria and pro-inflammatory markers and its potential to contribute to dental caries.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The findings indicate that e-cig users may have a higher prevalence of dental caries compared with non-smokers. Most studies focusing on bacteria showed that vaping may inhibit normal flora, giving cariogenic bacteria a chance to grow more. This finding indicates a notable oral health risk associated with vaping. Meta-analyses suggest no effect of using e-cigs on the levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8 in saliva, even if it may affect their levels in GCF. However, in GCF, only one study reported TNF-α and IL-1β, and only two studies reported IL-6 and IL-8. Nevertheless, the effects of e-cigs on dental caries require further investigation since the data do not provide a clear picture.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>This review emphasises the necessity for ongoing research to clarify the mechanisms that cause these consequences and to guide public health policies aimed at reducing the harm caused by e-cigarettes.</p><p><strong>Systematic review registration: </strong>https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/view/CRD42024537910, PROSPERO (CRD42024537910).</p>","PeriodicalId":94016,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in oral health","volume":"6 ","pages":"1569806"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12021849/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144048512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Career aspirations of dental students: insights from a multinational study using social cognitive career theory (SCCT).","authors":"Abanoub Riad, Lamis Elsheikh, Silvi Domnori, Aurora Doris Fratila, Charlotte Carter, Deniz Devrim Kaya, Ekaterina Volevach, Rachael England, Mariana Morgado, Julien Issa, Sameh Attia, Mick Armstrong, Doniphan Hammer, Azamat Baigulakov","doi":"10.3389/froh.2025.1577870","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/froh.2025.1577870","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Dental students' career choices are shaped by many factors, including their personal abilities and goals, environmental factors and the resources available to them. Understanding the drivers for this career pathway decision is crucial for educational institutions' development of comprehensive curricula. This study applies Social Cognitive Career Theory (SCCT) to investigate the professional aspirations of dental students globally, providing insights into the factors that influence career choices of dental students from different regions to understand how personal, socioeconomic and cultural differences influence their decisions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional, multicentred survey was conducted between May and July 2023, involving 1964 dental students from over 20 countries. Self-administered questionnaires based on SCCT were used to assess participants' self-efficacy, professional and personal outcome expectations, career goals, and career path preferences. Statistical analysis, including multivariable logistic regression and mediation analysis, was employed to identify the relationships between the SCCT framework, sociodemographic factors and career aspirations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study revealed that 51.2% of participants preferred a specialty in clinical dentistry, while 28.1% aimed for general dentistry. Mediation analysis demonstrated notable pathways from career planning training to career aspirations through self-efficacy, professional and personal expectations. Self-efficacy mediated 26.7%-98.65% of the effect on career preferences coming forward as a key mediator. Demographic statistics demonstrated that regional and economic differences significantly impacted students' career choice, where students from higher-income countries reported more likely to choose general dentistry and those from lower-income countries were more drawn to specialty fields or public health.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study offers new insights into the global career aspirations of dental students through the prism of the SCCT. These findings highlight the need for dental schools and associations to offer tailored career planning training based on students' backgrounds at an early phase of their education. Providing support and career guidance, especially in underserved regions, can help students make informed decisions that align with their personal and professional goals. This will ultimately contribute to a more diverse and well-prepared global dental workforce.</p>","PeriodicalId":94016,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in oral health","volume":"6 ","pages":"1577870"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12021817/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144000792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrating National Oral Health Programme and National Tobacco Control Programme in India: a concept for policy coherence.","authors":"Mithun Pai, Shweta Yellapurkar, Swapna Sarit, Kalyana C Pentapati, Badekkila Ramachandra Avinash, Ramya Shenoy","doi":"10.3389/froh.2025.1574057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/froh.2025.1574057","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Tobacco use continues to be a major risk factor for morbidity and mortality worldwide. At least 8.71 million fatalities were attributed to tobacco use, according to recent estimates from the Global Burden of Disease. Tobacco has a detrimental influence on oral health, such as oral cancer, periodontal disease, periimplantitis, and implant failure. This comparative analysis explores the potential integration of two programs-the National Oral Health Programme (NOHP) and the National Tobacco Control Programme (NTCP)-that are closely linked with each other.</p><p><strong>Possible blueprint for integrating nohp and ntcp in india: </strong>joint awareness campaigns implementing a common risk factor approach, integrated screening and cessation services with dental colleges as tobacco cessation hubs, integrated oral cancer and tobacco screening as part of routine dental screening, and combination of monitoring and surveillance of tobacco usage and oral health.</p><p><strong>Challenges in integrating the nohp and ntcp: </strong>Both the NOHP and NTCP face resource constraints relating to funding, human personnel, and infrastructure. These two initiatives are administered by separate branches within the health sector, involving different stakeholders with conflicting interests. There is a lack of unified data systems that provide a ground for comparing the effects of tobacco on oral health and integration of this data. The stigma associated with tobacco use: Tobacco users may be reluctant to associate themselves with oral health programs.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Integrating the National Oral Health Programme and National Tobacco Control Programme in India can address the dual burden of tobacco use and oral health, by leveraging the strengths of both programs, which include educating trainers, raising awareness about oral health and tobacco use, improving access to trained manpower particularly dentists with dual roles, and promoting policy changes.</p>","PeriodicalId":94016,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in oral health","volume":"6 ","pages":"1574057"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12021897/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144035541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The efficacy of telephone follow-up frequencies on clinical parameters post non-surgical periodontal therapy: a randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Yinghui He, Feng Tang, Ruoyi Liao, Chun Hu, Hongyu Liu","doi":"10.3389/froh.2025.1568252","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/froh.2025.1568252","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This randomized controlled trial aimed to investigate the impact of different telephone follow-up frequencies on periodontal clinical parameters after non-surgical periodontal therapy.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Patients with Stage II-IV periodontitis were enrolled and randomly assigned to high-frequency (once every 2 weeks), medium-frequency (once a month), and low-frequency (once in 3 months) follow-up groups. All patients received standard non-surgical periodontal treatment. The full mouth probing depth (PD), clinical attachment loss (CAL), gingival index (GI), and plaque index (PI) were evaluated at baseline, after treatment (T1) and post treatment 3 months (T2).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From T1 to T2, the high-frequency follow-up group had significant reduced in PD (<i>p</i> = 0.03), improved in GI (<i>p</i> = 0.04) and PI (<i>p</i> = 0.03) compared with the medium and low-frequency groups. There was no significant difference in PD, GI, and PI between the medium-frequency group and the low-frequency group. No statistical difference was found in CAL among the three groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>More frequent telephone follow-up helps maintain and enhance non-surgical periodontal therapy effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":94016,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in oral health","volume":"6 ","pages":"1568252"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12018391/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144048565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of sugar taxation policies in Asia and Africa: a systematic review.","authors":"Miyola Cia Fernandes, Praveen S Jodalli, Deema Waleed Saeed, Ridhima Gaunkar, Sultan Almalki, Inderjit Gowdar, Aradhana Nagarsekar","doi":"10.3389/froh.2025.1520861","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/froh.2025.1520861","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The prevalence of major noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) such as cardiovascular disease, cancer, and diabetes is rising rapidly in Asia and Africa. One of the major modifiable risk factors for these diseases is the consumption of free sugars, commonly found in sugary drinks. To address this issue, some countries have implemented food taxes such as taxes on sugar-sweetened beverages as part of national public health policies to reduce its intake. The review aims to assess the effects of national taxation of sugar-sweetened beverages within the continents of Asia and Africa.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Eight databases (MEDLINE (Ovid), Embase, PubMed, Cochrane, SCOPUS, Web of Science and ProQuest) were searched, and seven studies were included in this review. Only studies focused on the taxation of SSBs in Asia and Africa until 30 June 2023 and those that studied the impact of national sugar taxation among their population were included. Simulation or studies evaluating the estimation effect of taxes were excluded. All eligible records were assessed for the risk of bias using the NIH Quality Assessment Tool for Observational Cohort and Cross-Sectional Studies, and the certainty of the evidence was reviewed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Seven studies included in this review investigated the impact of sugar tax policies in South Africa, India, Thailand, and Saudi Arabia. The interventions in these countries were implemented from 2017 to 2018 mainly for sugar-sweetened beverages. The studies provided evidence on changes in the volume of purchase, consumption, and sugar content of taxed items. Some evidence was found to suggest the positive impact of SSB taxes in reducing consumption of taxed items which ranged from 2.5% to 19% decrease. However, no study has reported on individual health outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>There is substantial evidence of a decrease in the consumption of taxed items, but there is uncertainty about the health impact of these outcomes. Future research should prioritize longitudinal studies assessing direct health impacts of SSB taxation policies. Additionally, generalizability of the results of such fiscal policies need to be investigated in lower economic settings and thus be of significance for uniform health policy reforms.<b>Systematic Review Registration:</b> https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/view/CRD42023427030, PROSPERO (CRD42023427030).</p>","PeriodicalId":94016,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in oral health","volume":"6 ","pages":"1520861"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12014706/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144056088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing patient-centered information on implant dentistry through prompt engineering: a comparison of four large language models.","authors":"John Rong Hao Tay, Dian Yi Chow, Yi Rong Ivan Lim, Ethan Ng","doi":"10.3389/froh.2025.1566221","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/froh.2025.1566221","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Patients frequently seek dental information online, and generative pre-trained transformers (GPTs) may be a valuable resource. However, the quality of responses based on varying prompt designs has not been evaluated. As dental implant treatment is widely performed, this study aimed to investigate the influence of prompt design on GPT performance in answering commonly asked questions related to dental implants.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Thirty commonly asked questions about implant dentistry - covering patient selection, associated risks, peri-implant disease symptoms, treatment for missing teeth, prevention, and prognosis - were posed to four different GPT models with different prompt designs. Responses were recorded and independently appraised by two periodontists across six quality domains.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All models performed well, with responses classified as good quality. The contextualized model performed worse on treatment-related questions (21.5 ± 3.4, <i>p</i> < 0.05), but outperformed the input-output, zero-shot chain of thought, and instruction-tuned models in citing appropriate sources in its responses (4.1 ± 1.0, <i>p</i> < 0.001). However, responses had less clarity and relevance compared to the other models.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>GPTs can provide accurate, complete, and useful information for questions related to dental implants. While prompt designs can enhance response quality, further refinement is necessary to optimize its performance.</p>","PeriodicalId":94016,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in oral health","volume":"6 ","pages":"1566221"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12009804/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144047394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations between community water fluoridation cessation and the prevalence of dental caries and fluorosis in Alrass city, Saudi Arabia.","authors":"Murad Alrashdi","doi":"10.3389/froh.2025.1508466","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/froh.2025.1508466","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The relationships between fluoride exposure, dental caries, and fluorosis are well-known, but the long-term effects of changes in community water fluoridation practices remain unclear, particularly in Alrass city, Saudi Arabia.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study investigated how community water fluoridation cessation affected the prevalence of dental caries and fluorosis in Alrass City, Saudi Arabia.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>This retrospective cross-sectional study included 568 participants aged 6-50 years, who were recruited through stratified random sampling in schools and public places. Clinical examinations were conducted using the DMFT index for caries and Dean's Fluorosis Index for fluorosis. Data analysis was performed to compare the difference in caries and fluorosis between age groups and between current and historical data across age groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results showed significantly higher DMFT scores in adults (5.62) compared to children (3.98) (<i>p</i> < 0.0001). Dental fluorosis prevalence was higher in adults (41%) than children (18%) (<i>p</i> < 0.0001). Compared to historical data, mean DMFT scores significantly increased in both groups, while fluorosis prevalence decreased (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Subgroup analysis revealed lower DMFT scores in ages 6-12 compared to 19-50. Multivariate regression confirmed age as a significant predictor of DMFT scores (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Overall, caries prevalence increased and fluorosis decreased post-cessation of well water usage.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings underscore the dual-edged nature of fluoride exposure through community water supply systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":94016,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in oral health","volume":"6 ","pages":"1508466"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12009762/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144045198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emerging oral <i>Treponema</i> membrane proteins disorder neutrophil phosphoinositide signaling via phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate 5-kinase.","authors":"Natalie K Anselmi, Stephen T Vanyo, Michelle B Visser","doi":"10.3389/froh.2025.1568983","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/froh.2025.1568983","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Periodontitis (PD) is a group of inflammatory pathologies characterized by destruction of the tooth-supporting tissues. During PD, dysbiosis of the oral biofilm disrupts the host immune response and supports growth of pathogenic bacteria including the spirochetes <i>Treponema denticola</i> (<i>Td</i>), <i>T. maltophilum</i> (<i>Tm</i>), and <i>T. lecithinolyticum</i> (<i>Tl</i>)<i>.</i> The outer membrane protein of <i>Td</i>, Msp, perturbs the function of neutrophils by modulating phosphoinositide (PIP) signaling. While <i>Tm</i> and <i>Tl</i> have similar outer membrane proteins, MspA and MspTL respectively, little is known of how these proteins affect neutrophil function.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study examines putative mechanisms by which <i>T. maltophilum</i> MspA and <i>T. lecithinolyticum</i> MspTL inhibit neutrophil chemotaxis. Murine bone marrow neutrophils were treated with recombinant MspA or MspTL protein. Protein phosphorylation was assessed via immunoblot, phosphate release by malachite green assay, and PTEN and SHIP phosphatase activity through immunoprecipitation, enzymatic assays, and chemical inhibition. PIP quantification was assessed by immunofluorescence microscopy and Mass ELISAs, while small GTPase activity was measured with G-Protein Activation Assays. Neutrophil F-actin localization was determined through immunofluorescence.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>MspA and MspTL increase phosphate release in neutrophils, but unlike Msp, they do not affect PTEN or SHIP activity, despite modulating cellular levels of multiple PIP species [PI(3,4)P₂, PI(4,5)P₂, and PIP₃]. Overall, MspA and MspTL differentially affected the metabolism of individual PIP species, but both increased PI(4,5)P₂ levels in a PIP5K-dependent manner. Downstream effects of disrupted PIP signaling included inhibition of Akt and Rac1 activation and increased cortical F-actin localization.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Understanding distinct mechanistic relationships between novel Msp proteins and neutrophils provides important insight into how these understudied bacteria promote periodontitis progression.</p>","PeriodicalId":94016,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in oral health","volume":"6 ","pages":"1568983"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12003349/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144047346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}