Frontiers in oral health最新文献

{"title":"Surveying the oral health needs of international students in Canada.","authors":"Bianca Jamal, Maria Khan, Hassan W Yassin, Shahzaib Fida, Jessica Lieffers, Amrinderbir Singh","doi":"10.3389/froh.2026.1766729","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/froh.2026.1766729","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Oral health plays a significant role in overall health, influencing essential functions of eating, breathing, speaking, and can have psychosocial impacts. Research from various countries indicates that international students face unique barriers to maintaining optimum oral health, shaped by financial, systemic, and cultural factors; however, limited Canadian research exists on this topic. This study explored the oral health knowledge, attitudes, and practices of international students at the University of Saskatchewan (USask).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A 75-item survey instrument gathered data from USask international students. The survey explored oral health knowledge, attitudes, and preventive practices. Quantitative data were analyzed using SPSS 28.0.1.0; qualitative data were analyzed through thematic coding using Excel.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, <i>n</i> = 56 international students were included in the analysis. While 98.0% (<i>n</i> = 50) of respondents considered their oral health important, 40.4% (<i>n</i> = 21) felt they did not have adequate knowledge to access oral care. In total, 55.4% (<i>n</i> = 31) of respondents brushed twice daily. Overall, 32.1% (<i>n</i> = 21) of international students rated their oral health as \"fair\" or \"poor\". Notably, 40.0% (<i>n</i> = 22) of respondents reported having untreated mouth problems. In terms of diet, about half of respondents reported consuming more sugary foods (52.0%; <i>n</i> = 26) and sugary drinks (50.0%; <i>n</i> = 25) in Canada compared to when they were in their home country.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study's findings suggest that there are some oral health concerns in this group. Expanding this research nationally across universities and including domestic students for comparison would strengthen an understanding of international students' oral health and inform future interventions that could help address these oral health inequities.</p>","PeriodicalId":94016,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in oral health","volume":"7 ","pages":"1766729"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13144017/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147847764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Odontogenic, atypical skull-base osteomyelitis: diagnostic pitfalls and therapeutic insights-a case report and mini-review.","authors":"Parekejiang Pataer, Chen-Xi Li, Yan Chen, Ya-Qi Niu, Lei Yan, Zhong-Cheng Gong","doi":"10.3389/froh.2026.1789196","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/froh.2026.1789196","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Skull-base osteomyelitis (SBO) represents a potentially fatal infectious condition that poses significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. With demographic shifts toward an older population and rising prevalence of comorbidities, physicians are encountering this complex disease with greater frequency. Current clinical practice lacks standardized protocols for both initial diagnosis and subsequent monitoring of disease progression. The present case analysis aims to provide valuable insights to guide medical practitioners in developing individualized treatment strategies for affected patients. Magnetic resonance imaging techniques demonstrate superior sensitivity in identifying early-stage bone marrow edema and soft tissue diffusion abnormalities. Current clinical evidence indicates that comprehensive antibiotic therapy with adequate dosing, when combined with prompt surgical intervention (including drainage or debridement procedures) and adjunctive hyperbaric oxygen treatment, leads to substantially improved clinical outcomes. The implementation of evidence-based early diagnostic approaches, facilitated by multidisciplinary team collaboration, has been shown to minimize diagnostic errors and decrease the likelihood of disease recurrence. In cases involving patients presenting with persistent craniofacial pain or neurological deficits, clinicians should maintain a high vigilance regarding the possibility for this condition. The implementation of a comprehensive diagnostic and therapeutic protocol incorporating advanced imaging assessment, microbial identification, and multidisciplinary case review, along with structured long-term monitoring, has been recommended to optimize patient management and improve clinical treatment outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":94016,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in oral health","volume":"7 ","pages":"1789196"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13145246/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147847777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Salivary pH within multifactorial caries risk assessment in children: observational clinical evidence using the Cariogram platform.","authors":"Eliza Denisa Barbulescu, Corina Marilena Cristache, Elena Valentina Vacarel, Vanda Roxana Nimigean","doi":"10.3389/froh.2026.1822466","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/froh.2026.1822466","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Dental caries is a multifactorial disease influenced by biological, behavioral, and preventive factors. Salivary pH has been proposed as a non-invasive biomarker for caries risk assessment, however, its independent clinical relevance within structured digital risk models remains unclear. This study school-aged pediatric cohort using the Cariogram platform as a structured, multifactorial caries risk assessment tool, and to evaluate the role of digitally measured salivary pH in relation to caries risk stratification and clinical caries indicators within this framework.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 66 children aged 6-12 years were included. Unstimulated salivary pH was measured using both a digital pH meter and colorimetric strips. Caries risk was assessed using the Cariogram platform. Agreement between pH measurement methods was evaluated using Bland-Altman analysis. Associations between salivary pH, dietary intake frequency, and caries risk were explored using Spearman's rank correlation. A multivariable linear regression model was constructed using the Cariogram-derived chance to avoid new caries (%) as the dependent variable, including mean digitally measured salivary pH, dietary intake frequency, oral hygiene status, fluoride toothpaste use, age, gender, and saliva collection timing as predictors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Digital salivary pH values ranged from 6.1 to 7.2, with a peak between 6.6 and 6.8. Strip-based measurements systematically underestimated pH, with a mean bias of approximately 0.24 pH units. Salivary pH showed weak or negligible associations with Cariogram risk categories. In the multivariable model, dietary intake frequency, oral hygiene status, fluoride toothpaste use, and saliva collection timing were significant predictors of caries risk, whereas salivary pH was not independently associated after adjustment for behavioral and preventive factors.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Salivary pH is a biologically relevant but insufficient standalone marker of caries risk in children. Its clinical value emerges when measured reliably and interpreted within a multifactorial, caries risk-assessment framework supported by digital tools, particularly the Cariogram platform and digital pH measurement.</p>","PeriodicalId":94016,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in oral health","volume":"7 ","pages":"1822466"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13139144/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147847773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial: Biomaterials for dental caries prevention and management.","authors":"Rahena Akhter, Noriko Hiraishi, Kittisak Sanon, Ollie Yiru Yu","doi":"10.3389/froh.2026.1845714","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/froh.2026.1845714","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":94016,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in oral health","volume":"7 ","pages":"1845714"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13139934/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147847842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polyphosphate-based strategies in enamel remineralization: mechanisms, evidence, and clinical potential.","authors":"Btissam Seffahi, Imane El Ouarti, Faïza Abdallaoui","doi":"10.3389/froh.2026.1801636","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/froh.2026.1801636","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Minimally invasive management of initial enamel caries focuses on strategies that promote subsurface remineralization while limiting fluoride exposure, particularly in children. Phosphate salts such as sodium trimetaphosphate (TMP), sodium hexametaphosphate (SHMP) and calcium glycerophosphate (CaGP) have therefore been incorporated into topical fluoride formulations as interfacial modifiers. This narrative review critically examines mechanisms, experimental evidence and clinical data on polyphosphate systems for early enamel carious lesions. Relevant literature from databases including PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane and ScienceDirect was reviewed, focusing on <i>in vitro</i>, <i>in situ</i> and <i>in vivo</i> human studies including clinical trials evaluating TMP-, SHMP- or CaGP-containing products. Available evidence indicates that these salts adsorb to enamel, assemble ion-rich surface layers, modulate biofilm acidogenicity and favor deeper subsurface repair, with nano-sized forms amplifying these effects. Across toothpastes, gels and varnishes, <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in situ</i> studies suggest that several low-fluoride polyphosphate formulations may achieve mineral uptake comparable to conventional 1,100-ppm F products, when fluoride:polyphosphate ratios were kept within a favorable window. Available clinical trials, although few and heterogeneous, suggest caries reduction in children using low-fluoride toothpastes containing polyphosphate salts. Overall, polyphosphate systems may represent a relevant option for subsurface enamel remineralization in susceptible groups, while longer-term clinical evaluation is still needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":94016,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in oral health","volume":"7 ","pages":"1801636"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13136246/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147847771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immunomodulatory mediators IL-33, soluble ST2, IL-10, IFN-<i>γ</i> in the serum of patients with oral potentially malignant disorders and oral squamous cell carcinoma.","authors":"Swetha Acharya, Usha Hegde, Subba Rao Venkata Madhunapantula, Medha Karnik, Anirudh Balakrishna Acharya, Pushparaja Shetty","doi":"10.3389/froh.2026.1793916","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/froh.2026.1793916","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Interleukin-33 (IL-33) and its receptor Suppression of tumorigenicity 2 (ST2), along with IL-10 and IFN-&lt;i&gt;γ&lt;/i&gt;, exert contrasting roles in tumor growth, immune evasion, and host defense. IL-33/ST2 signalling can either promote tumor progression or, in some contexts, enhance anti-tumor immunity. However, the role of serum IL-33 and soluble ST2 in Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) or its precursor, Oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs), remains largely unexplored.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aims: &lt;/strong&gt;To evaluate whether IL-33 and ST2, in conjunction with their interactions with IL-10 and IFN-&lt;i&gt;γ&lt;/i&gt;, influence tumor dynamics in OSCC, as reflected in their serum levels.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Materials and methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Ninety participants were enrolled in this cross-sectional observational study and divided into three groups: Healthy controls (HC) (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 30), OPMDs (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 30), and OSCC (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 30). Clinicopathological data were recorded, and 5 mL of venous blood was collected from each subject prior to treatment. Serum IL-33, soluble ST2, IL-10, and IFN-&lt;i&gt;γ&lt;/i&gt; levels were quantified using ELISA. The data were analysed by applying the Kruskal-Wallis/Mann-Whitney &lt;i&gt;U&lt;/i&gt;-tests, Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve analysis, DeLong's test and binomial logistic regression (BLR), with significance set at &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.05.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The analysis demonstrated a progressive and significant increase in IL-33, ST2, and IL-10 levels from HC to OPMDs to OSCC (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt;i&gt;&lt;&lt;/i&gt; &lt;i&gt;0.001&lt;/i&gt;). In contrast, IFN-&lt;i&gt;γ&lt;/i&gt; levels exhibited a significant inverse trend, being highest in OPMDs, comparable in HC, and lowest in OSCC (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt;i&gt;&lt;&lt;/i&gt; &lt;i&gt;0.001&lt;/i&gt;). Immune mediators in OSCC showed significant associations with clinicopathological parameters, including tumor stage, depth of invasion, lymph nodal metastasis (LNM), tumor budding, and surgical margin status (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.05). Serum IL-10 was the strongest positive predictor, effectively discriminating lymph node status (LNS). IL-33 and soluble ST2 showed positive trends toward predicting LNM with high classification accuracy. ROC analysis showed excellent discriminatory ability of all immunomodulatory mediators for distinguishing OSCC from OPMDs. Although soluble ST2 had the highest AUC, DeLong's test (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.592) showed no significant difference, indicating comparable diagnostic potential. BLR confirmed their diagnostic relevance, with elevated IL-33, soluble ST2, and IL-10 increasing the odds of OSCC, while higher IFN-&lt;i&gt;γ&lt;/i&gt; reduced the risk.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;The panel of immunomodulatory mediators analysed here reflects a biologically relevant shift toward pro-tumorigenic inflammation and immune evasion, underscoring their role as biomarkers of malignant progression. Collectively, these immunomodulatory mediators demonstrated strong diagnostic accuracy in differentiating OSCC from OPMDs and showed pote","PeriodicalId":94016,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in oral health","volume":"7 ","pages":"1793916"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13136695/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147847800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic efficacy of VELscope in oral potentially malignant disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Yan Li, Zhibang Li, Wenru Wang, Kun Li","doi":"10.3389/froh.2026.1811909","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/froh.2026.1811909","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of VELscope in detecting oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMD).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic search was conducted across six English databases and two Chinese databases: Embase, Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, Dentistry & Oral Sciences Source (EBSCO), CINAHL (EBSCO), China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and Chinese biomedical literature service system (SinoMed). Prospective and cross-sectional studies using VELscope to diagnose OPMD were included. Study quality was assessed using QUADAS-2. The meta-analysis evaluated VELscope's sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio, and the summary receiver operating characteristic (SROC) curve. Heterogeneity was assessed via Deeks' funnel plot asymmetry test, bivariate boxplot, and meta-regression analysis to identify sources of variation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 2054 studies were retrieved, of which 24 were included in the meta-analysis. The sensitivity of VELscope was 84% (95% CI, 0.78-0.89; I² = 78.0%), specificity was 45% (95% CI, 0.33-0.59; I² = 93.8%), and the positive likelihood ratio was 1.55 (95% CI, 1.22-1.96; I² = 86.9%). The area under the SROC curve was 0.78 (95% CI, 0.74-0.81). Subgroup analysis indicated that SCIE indexing, comparative study design, and high risk of bias influenced the sensitivity of VELscope.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The VELscope demonstrates high sensitivity but limited specificity in diagnosing OPMD. Although it is unreasonable to rely solely on VELscope for a definitive diagnosis, it can provide valuable adjunctive support for detecting OPMD in settings such as large-scale screenings, community oral examinations, and resource-limited environments.</p><p><strong>Systematic review registration: </strong>PROSPERO (CRD42025364593).</p>","PeriodicalId":94016,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in oral health","volume":"7 ","pages":"1811909"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13132815/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147825019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"16S rRNA gene sequencing-based preliminary study on the differences in the microbiota between children with rampant caries and those with arrested caries.","authors":"Meimei Li, WenChee Wong, Huacui Xiong, Ke Chen","doi":"10.3389/froh.2026.1693174","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/froh.2026.1693174","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>In clinical practice, arrested caries (AC) poses less harm to children than rampant caries (RC), as the development of caries is arrested. However, there is limited research on the microbiology of the two types of caries. This research study the differences in microbial profiles among AC, caries-free (CF)and RC patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Thirty-six children aged 3-5 years were selected, grouped into AC, CF, and RC groups, with 12 children in each group. A total of 72 samples, including non-stimulated saliva and dental plaque, were collected. Microbial DNA was extracted, and the V3-V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene was sequenced using the Illumina MiSeq platform. Bioinformatics analysis was performed with QIIME2, and taxonomic classification was based on the SILVA database. Alpha and beta diversity were assessed, and the Kruskal-Wallis test (with Benjamini-Hochberg correction) was used to identify taxonomic abundance differences.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The α-diversity in plaque was significantly lower than in saliva. While the salivary microbiome showed minimal variation across different caries states, the plaque microbiome displayed distinct structural differences. At the taxonomic level, Bacteroidota and <i>Prevotella</i> were enriched in the RCP group, while Fusobacteriota and <i>Leptotrichia</i> were more abundant in the ACP and CFP groups, with <i>Corynebacterium</i> being most abundant in the arrested caries group. Differential abundance analysis identified five putative species-level biomarkers associated with specific clinical states in dental plaque.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study suggests that different caries statuses are linked to distinct microbial profiles in dental plaque. The analysis revealed clear differences in microbial community structures across the three clinical groups, highlighting a potential connection between caries activity and plaque dysbiosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":94016,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in oral health","volume":"7 ","pages":"1693174"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13133036/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147825030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating salivary growth factor responses to tooth extraction in patients with type 2 diabetes: a prospective observational comparative study.","authors":"Mohammed Amjed Alsaegh, Yousuf Ibrahim Al Shehhi, Shishir Ram Shetty, Sam Thomas Kuriadom, Okba Mahmoud, Jayaraj Kodangattil Narayanan, Sudhir Rama Varma","doi":"10.3389/froh.2026.1732241","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/froh.2026.1732241","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate salivary growth factor levels in controlled type 2 diabetic patients compared to healthy individuals, assessed at two time points: before tooth extraction and two days postoperatively.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The study included 27 participants: 20 with type 2 diabetes (74.07%) and 7 healthy controls (25.93%). Unstimulated whole saliva samples were collected before tooth extraction and two days afterward. Biomarker analysis was performed using a Luminex multiplex assay, targeting epidermal growth factor (EGF), transforming growth factor-alpha (TGF-α), fibroblast growth factor (FGF), platelet-derived growth factor-AB (PDGF-AB), platelet-derived growth factor-CC (PDGF-CC), and platelet-derived growth factor-DD (PDGF-DD).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>EGF levels showed no significant differences between groups at baseline (<i>p</i> = 0.333) or post-extraction (<i>p</i> = 0.571); however, two days after extraction, EGF levels almost remained steady in diabetics but decreased in controls. TGF-α was not significantly different between diabetics and control groups at baseline and two days post-extraction (<i>p</i> = 0.088; <i>p</i> = 0.915, respectively), with levels increasing in diabetics and decreasing in controls two days after extraction. FGF levels showed no significant differences at baseline (<i>p</i> = 0.064) or post-extraction (<i>p</i> = 0.677), from baseline to second post-extraction day, the levels were increasing in diabetics and decreasing in controls. Between baseline and the second day post-extraction, the levels of PDGF-DD, PDGF-CC, and PDGF-AB decreased in both groups, except for PDGF-AB in the control group, where a slight increase was observed. No significant differences were found between the diabetic and control groups for PDGF-DD, PDGF-CC, or PDGF-AB at baseline (<i>p</i> = 0.810, <i>p</i> = 0.382, <i>p</i> = 0.881) or two days post-extraction (<i>p</i> = 0.860, <i>p</i> = 0.414, <i>p</i> = 0.740), respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Salivary growth factors are reduced and respond differently in type 2 diabetes, potentially contributing to impaired oral wound healing. Supplementing growth factors may improve clinical outcomes, warranting further investigation.</p>","PeriodicalId":94016,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in oral health","volume":"7 ","pages":"1732241"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13133024/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147825026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Attitude and awareness of dental patients towards disclosure of medical history to dentists: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Shahinaz N Sembawa, Eman Dustakir, Bayan Skatawi, Nadin Alsulayhabi, Majd Alghamdi","doi":"10.3389/froh.2026.1748465","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/froh.2026.1748465","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Patients' willingness to share their medical history is vital, yet some may withhold information due to various reasons.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To explore the attitude and awareness of dental patients towards the disclosure of medical history to their dentists in Makkah, Saudi Arabia.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>A cross-sectional survey developed using Google Form was utilized for data collection. Adult Arabic or English-speaking patients who agreed to participate in the study were recruited. The questionnaire consisted of three parts: demographic information, patients' attitude towards medical history disclosure (yes/no questions), and patients' awareness about the importance of medical history (Likert-type scale). Data was analyzed using SPSS version 29. Descriptive statistics, Chi-square test, Fisher's Exact test, Kruskal Wallis and Mann-Whitney <i>U</i>-Tests were used for data analysis.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>A total of 622 responses were received<b>.</b> Most participants were females (67.5%), hold bachelor's degrees (66.9%), and aged 18-24(29.4%). The majority of participants (94.2%) had prior dental treatment and (97.1%) did not experience clinical complications. Moreover, (76.4%) of the participants reported it's very important to inform the dentist about complications previously experienced in the dental clinic. However, few participants think it is very important to choose morning appointments for diabetic patients (33.9%). Also, the respondents reported that it is very important to tell the dentist about the month of pregnancy (71.2%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings suggest that adult dental patients in the current sample demonstrate a positive attitude towards disclosure of medical history to dentists. However, gaps in health awareness were identified. These findings highlight the potential role of patient education and interprofessional collaboration in improving patients' health literacy.</p>","PeriodicalId":94016,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in oral health","volume":"7 ","pages":"1748465"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13124953/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147825054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}