Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering最新文献

{"title":"Antibacterial and antiviral activity of a highly efficient electrospun r-PET nanofiber","authors":"Karine Machry,&nbsp;Danilo M. Melo,&nbsp;Daniela Patrícia Freire Bonfim,&nbsp;Paulo Augusto Marques Chagas,&nbsp;Felipe de Aquino Lima,&nbsp;Clovis Wesley Oliveira de Souza,&nbsp;Luiz Tadeu Moraes Figueredo,&nbsp;Mônica Lopes Aguiar,&nbsp;André Bernardo","doi":"10.1002/cjce.25697","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cjce.25697","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Since the COVID-19 pandemic, the emergence of clean air has increased interest in developing antimicrobial air filters, targeting sterilization and public health concerns. Nanofibers are a promising approach due to their high efficiency in air filtration, while nanoparticles adhered to the fibre surfaces can improve safety due to the biocidal effects. In this study, CuNPs were developed using a green method in a redox reaction, with CuSO₄ ∙ 5H₂O, ascorbic acid, and polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP). Membranes were prepared using recycled polyethylene terephthalate (PET) bottles (r-PET) by electrospinning and the biocidal effect was given by applying CuNP in surface membranes by spraying. The collection time and rotation speed varied between 30 to 90 min and between 176 and 355 rpm, respectively. The permeability (k₁) and the particle collection efficiency <span></span><math>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mi>η</mi>\u0000 </mrow></math> (%) of the membranes were measured for each combination. Results showed the Darcy's permeability in order of 10⁻¹²  m², and overall efficiency up to 99.81% for particle diameters below 290 nm, with enhanced particle collection for nanoparticles (&lt;100 nm). The membranes coated with copper nanoparticles (CuNP) showed a reduction of 99.99% for <i>E. coli</i> and <i>S. aureus</i> as gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria, respectively, even in low concentrations. Membranes coated with CuNP were effective against Yellow Fever and SARS-CoV-2 viruses, with viral reduction of 99.13% and 93.00%, respectively. The electrospun membranes developed in this study are versatile and can be utilized in various applications such as indoor air filters, portable air filters, wound dressings, medical equipment, and masks. Their usage enhances safety during material handling and usage.</p>","PeriodicalId":9400,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","volume":"103 11","pages":"5249-5263"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cjce.25697","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145284887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In situ hydrolysis for dihydroxystearic acid production from catalytic epoxidation of oleic acid","authors":"Ismail Md. Rasib,&nbsp;Intan Suhada Azmi,&nbsp;Mohd Jumain Jalil","doi":"10.1002/cjce.25735","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cjce.25735","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Concern regarding the setback of dependency on using fossil fuels as the main resources as the precursor for many derivatives had drawn attention to further study the production of dihydroxystearic acid (DHSA) by in situ hydrolysis of epoxidized oleic acid. Epoxidized oleic acid was produced by using in situ formed performic acid. Performic acid was formed by mixing formic acid as the oxygen carrier with hydrogen peroxide as the oxygen donor. The Taguchi method had proposed that optimum parameter for DHSA production is hydrogen peroxide/oleic acid unsaturation molar ratio of 1.5:1, formic acid/oleic acid unsaturation molar ratio of 0.5, reaction temperature of 35°C, and agitation speed of 200 rpm. Based on the optimized parameters, the highest DHSA hydroxyl value of 267 mg KOH/g was achieved. Additionally, a mathematical model was developed using MATLAB software, employing the fourth-order Runge–Kutta method and simulated annealing optimization to accurately describe the kinetic behaviour of the reaction. The numerical simulations were performed using a genetic algorithm, and the results showed good agreement between the simulation and experimental data, which validates the kinetic model.</p>","PeriodicalId":9400,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","volume":"103 11","pages":"5347-5356"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145284914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimal control for the metabolic activity of microbial cells through the metabolic flux parameterization","authors":"Quan Li,&nbsp;Liqiang Jin,&nbsp;Chenxi Tao,&nbsp;Zhonggai Zhao,&nbsp;Fei Liu","doi":"10.1002/cjce.25733","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cjce.25733","url":null,"abstract":"<p>During microbial fermentation, the metabolic fluxes reflect the growth and reproduction rate of microbial cells. By adjusting the metabolic fluxes, the desired production target can be achieved. It is highly necessary to ensure that the fermentation process meets the production constraints because the metabolic fluxes are regulated by various enzymatic reactions. However, previous studies cannot guarantee that the production constraints are satisfied over the course of the process. In this paper, constraints are designed at the microscopic flux level for the <i>E. coli</i> cell fermentation process. A control variable parameterization method, which discretizes the control variables while the state variables remain continuous, is used to optimize the <i>E. coli</i> cell growth activity, where the time domain is divided into several subintervals. In each subinterval, the metabolic fluxes are approximated by a series of parameters to be optimized. Then, the <i>E. coli</i> metabolic activity is transformed into a dynamic optimization problem, and the optimal trajectories of metabolic fluxes are obtained by solving the problem. Finally, the simulation results of the <i>E. coli</i> fermentation process verify the effectiveness of the method.</p>","PeriodicalId":9400,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","volume":"103 11","pages":"5508-5519"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145284918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation on the performance optimization of sludge spray nozzles based on computational fluid dynamics coupled with discrete phase model","authors":"Yongkang Hao,&nbsp;Xiaoyu Li,&nbsp;Yuekan Zhang,&nbsp;Anjun Li,&nbsp;Bo Chen,&nbsp;Peikun Liu","doi":"10.1002/cjce.25726","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cjce.25726","url":null,"abstract":"<p>To reduce the energy consumption and operational costs associated with thermal sludge drying, this study integrated spray technology with sludge drying and designed a spray nozzle specifically for sludge spray drying. Theoretical research and numerical simulations were employed to examine the impact of nozzle structural parameters on the spray field, optimizing the nozzle's spray angle to improve sludge drying efficiency. The results show that as the nozzle angle increases, the pressure rises and the velocity and turbulence energy first decrease and then increase. When the nozzle angle was 120°, the sludge droplets gained the maximum kinetic energy, which maximized the effective area of the spray, resulting in the best crushing effect and the highest sludge particle drying efficiency. Finally, industrial experiments were performed, demonstrating that sludge with a moisture content of approximately 85% was reduced to about 35% after spray drying treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":9400,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","volume":"103 11","pages":"5321-5331"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145284917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Innovative approaches in adsorbent production through pyrolysis of waste biomass: Effective parameters, modifications, and techno-economic analysis","authors":"Behnam Rezvani","doi":"10.1002/cjce.25702","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cjce.25702","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The growing demand for sustainable waste management solutions and protection of natural resources from pollution has increased interest in effective adsorbents. This study explores recent advancements in producing biochar and activated carbon derived from various waste biomass, including novel pyrolysis methods, such as microwave, flash, and vacuum pyrolysis. Moreover, innovative upgrading processes, such as ultrasound, electrochemical, and plasma modification, were assessed. This article also examines the role of chemical and physical modification in developing optimal pore structures and surface characteristics that improve pollutant removal efficiency. Key parameters that influence the effectiveness of pyrolysis were analyzed, such as temperature, heating rate, residence time, and reactor type. Furthermore, a techno-economic analysis is presented, investigating the feasibility and cost-effectiveness of biochar production. This comprehensive overview serves as a foundation for future research to advance the field of waste biomass-derived adsorbents, with potential implications for pollution control and resource recovery.</p>","PeriodicalId":9400,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","volume":"103 11","pages":"5296-5320"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145284922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel magnetically separable pH sensitive surface-active iron oxide nanoparticles for the removal of antibiotics (tetracycline) from aquatic environments","authors":"Charles Wroblewski,&nbsp;Sivaranjani Palanisamy Ravikumar,&nbsp;Rahul Islam Barbhuiya,&nbsp;Gopu Raveendran Nair,&nbsp;Abdallah Elsayed,&nbsp;Ashutosh Singh","doi":"10.1002/cjce.25722","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cjce.25722","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This research examines the application of magnetic iron-oxide (Fe₃O₄) nanoparticles (IONPs) for the targeted removal and recovery of tetracycline (TC) from aqueous systems. The IONPs were synthesized through a steady-state headspace with NH_3(g) at room temperature and pressure without mechanical agitation. IONPs were found to be in a single phase with uniform size distribution and magnetic separability. Effects of pH on surface charge, dispersity, and particle size were studied using zeta potential and DLS. Sorption profiles at various mass loadings for antibiotics (1–25 ppm) and nanoparticles (0.1–0.5 mg/mL) were studied using UV–Vis spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) imaging and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis. Results suggested a rapid sorption of TC onto IONPs with overall TC removal efficiency from wastewater ranging between 70% and 95% depending on temperature (10, 25, and 45°C) and contact time (1–90 min). The investigation into adsorption mechanisms demonstrated that adsorption of TC onto IONPs was feasible, spontaneous, and an endothermic process primarily governed by physisorption. The process well aligned with Freundlich isotherm and pseudo-second order kinetics. Further, stability of IONPs and desorption ability were also evaluated. The results suggest that IONPs can be used as a sustainable alternative to commercial adsorbent for removal of antibiotics from waterbodies.</p>","PeriodicalId":9400,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","volume":"103 11","pages":"5373-5385"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cjce.25722","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145284921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preface: Special series on the pathways to a circular economy of plastics","authors":"Dimitrios Meimaroglou","doi":"10.1002/cjce.25729","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cjce.25729","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9400,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","volume":"103 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144191262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chemical process safety domain knowledge graph-enhanced LLM for efficient emergency response decision support","authors":"Chen Zheng,&nbsp;Guohua Chen,&nbsp;Honghao Chen,&nbsp;Qiming Xu,&nbsp;Yimeng Zhao,&nbsp;Yuanfei Zhao,&nbsp;Yunfeng Yang","doi":"10.1002/cjce.25700","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cjce.25700","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Chemical process safety accidents are characterized by their sudden onset, rapid evolution, and severe consequences. Developing effective emergency response decisions for such complex and dynamic incidents requires comprehensively considering various knowledge domains. Relying solely on expert experience and emergency plans often fails to meet the demands of effective emergency response. To enhance the efficiency of emergency response decision-making in chemical process accidents, this study proposes a method that leverages a chemical process safety knowledge graph (CPSKG) to enhance large language models (LLMs) for generating reliable emergency response decisions. The proposed method uses a seven-step approach to designing scenario and emergency response ontologies. By aligning with the characteristics of emergency domain knowledge texts and the ontology framework, natural language processing (NLP) and retrieval-augmented generation using graphs (Graph RAG) techniques are employed to construct a semantically rich CPSKG. The entities and relationships within the graph enhance the reasoning capabilities of LLMs, facilitating the generation of efficient and reliable emergency response decisions. A case study was conducted to validate the reliability of this approach. The results demonstrate that the LLM enhanced with the CPSKG outperforms other models in generating more effective emergency response decisions. As a key contribution, the proposed method improves the efficiency of knowledge sharing and emergency response in the chemical process safety domain while generating reliable and auxiliary emergency decisions.</p>","PeriodicalId":9400,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","volume":"103 10","pages":"4814-4843"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145038534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Studying complex formation of zirconium in N,N dimethylformamide (DMF) [ZrO(OH)2.(DMF)] using DFT calculations to produce dimethyl carbonate via transesterification","authors":"Surbhi Dahiya,&nbsp;Pankaj Kumar,&nbsp;Vimal Chandra Srivastava,&nbsp;Vimal Kumar","doi":"10.1002/cjce.25709","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cjce.25709","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The transesterification reaction, for the synthesis of dimethyl carbonate (DMC) and propylene glycol (PG) from methanol and propylene carbonate, is a new and ecologically benign alternative to conventional methods such as phosgene methanolysis, urea methanolysis, electrochemical technique, and so forth. This research focuses on the possible complex structures produced by calcining zirconium salt with N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) at different calcination temperatures (450, 550, 650, and 750°C) to make catalysts. The catalysts are classified as Z-450, Z-550, Z-650, and Z-750 based on their calcination temperature. The catalysts are then examined using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) to determine the reaction process. X-ray diffraction (XRD) examination is used to evaluate the crystallinity of the catalysts, while field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) is utilized to study the morphology. The CO₂-TPD aids in determining basicity to investigate the active locations for interaction. The reaction takes place in a batch reactor at a constant temperature of 150–180°C and a molar ratio of 5–10 for methanol to PC. The oxygen vacancy concentrations, basicity, and structure of the catalyst created by the mixing of DMF with zirconium produce [ZrO(OH)₂.(DMF)] as simulated by DFT calculations improved the yield and selectivity of DMC. The Z-750 catalyst provided maximal PC conversion of 88% at 170°C with stirring speeds ranging from 600 to 650 rpm.</p>","PeriodicalId":9400,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","volume":"103 11","pages":"5597-5610"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145284916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental methods in chemical engineering: Electron probe micro-analysis—EPMA","authors":"Viviane de Oliveira Campos,&nbsp;Felipe Fernandes Barbosa,&nbsp;Ellen Kadja Lima de Morais,&nbsp;Dulce Maria Araújo Melo,&nbsp;Jildimara de Jesus Santana,&nbsp;Gregory S. Patience","doi":"10.1002/cjce.25712","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cjce.25712","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) is a non-destructive spectroscopic technique to map the chemical composition—quantitative elemental distribution and layer thickness—with a micro-scale resolution. An electron beam illuminates the surface of a sample and produces backscattered electrons (BSE), secondary electrons (SE), characteristic X-rays, and light known as cathodoluminescence (CL). Combining energy dispersive spectrometry with wavelength-dispersive spectrometry improves trace analysis and differentiates overlapping X-ray lines, but the detection threshold is not much better than 100 ppm (parts per million). Implementing Monte Carlo simulation with better electronics and software are ongoing research areas to improve the method's precision, sensitivity, and spatial resolution. To detect Li, Be, and B (<span></span><math>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mi>Z</mi>\u0000 <mo>&lt;</mo>\u0000 </mrow></math> 11) requires wavelength-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (WDS), or soft X-ray emission spectroscopy (SXES), or a combination of BSE/EDS method. Researchers in metallurgy &amp; metallurgical engineering, mineralogy, geochemistry &amp; geophysics, and mining &amp; mineral processing apply the method most. Chemical engineering is ranked 21st among the 250 scientific categories that use the technique. It is also applied to reconstitute works of art and the antiquities. A bibliometric map identified four clusters of research and for each cluster the major nodes were: (1) geochemistry, (2) mechanical properties, microstructure, and alloys, (3) Fe, Cu, and Cr, and (4) phase equilibria.</p>","PeriodicalId":9400,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","volume":"103 7","pages":"3000-3011"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cjce.25712","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144191140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}