{"title":"Optimization of synthesis parameters for petroleum sulphonate and evaluation of oil displacement performance","authors":"Quande Wang, Cheng Zhao, Xiaodong Wang, Qi Feng, Shengming Huang, Huayan Mu, Tengfei Dong, Guancheng Jiang","doi":"10.1002/cjce.70203","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cjce.70203","url":null,"abstract":"<p>As conventional oil declines, enhanced oil recovery (EOR) technologies like surfactant flooding gain importance. Petroleum sulphonate (PS) enhances recovery by reducing interfacial tension and altering wettability in low-permeability reservoirs. In this study, we employed response surface methodology to systematically optimize the synthesis parameters of PS, with a focus on the effects of reaction temperature, time, and oleic acid molar ratio on the active substance content. The results showed that the optimal synthesis conditions were: reaction temperature of 45°C, reaction time of 45 min, and oleic acid molar ratio of 1.5:1, achieving an active substance content of 46%. Furthermore, the synthesized PS demonstrated exceptional interfacial activity and salt tolerance: at 0.3% concentration and 20,000 mg/L salinity, it achieved an ultra-low interfacial tension of 0.112 mN/m and a high emulsification rate of 76.8%. Additionally, 0.1% PS reduced the contact angle by 45.7% (from 116 to 63°) at 10,000 mg/L salinity, indicating significant wettability alteration. Core flooding experiments confirmed that PS enhanced oil recovery by 12.86% compared to conventional surfactant SDBS. This study not only establishes an optimized synthesis process for PS but also elaborates on its mechanism of EOR, offering a practical and efficient solution for low-permeability reservoirs.</p>","PeriodicalId":9400,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","volume":"104 7","pages":"3512-3526"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147897285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hechang Shi, Cheng Ji, Jingde Wang, Wei Sun, Chi Zhai
{"title":"Optimizing profitability of batch fermentation processes using machine learning-based endpoint prediction","authors":"Hechang Shi, Cheng Ji, Jingde Wang, Wei Sun, Chi Zhai","doi":"10.1002/cjce.70222","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cjce.70222","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The accurate determination of production duration remains challenging in real-time batch operations, making it difficult to optimize the termination time with minimal time and material consumption. To enhance batch profitability, this work develops a machine learning-based approach for online batch endpoint identification. In this framework, quality-related variables are used to represent the batch duration, and a data-driven soft sensor is established to estimate these variables. Given the complex nonlinear dynamics and significant inter-batch variability in batch processes, a dedicated recurrent neural network is designed with a time-weighted loss function to improve prediction accuracy in the later stages of production. Furthermore, a decision-making strategy combined with a Savitzky–Golay (S–G) filter is introduced to robustly identify the optimal endpoint for each batch. The proposed method is validated through an industrial-scale penicillin fermentation process. Results demonstrate that the batch operation can be terminated approximately 58.5 h earlier on average, leading to a 27.68% increase in productivity and saving about 10,157 RMB in material costs per batch.</p>","PeriodicalId":9400,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","volume":"104 7","pages":"3660-3676"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148215077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A comprehensive review of gas-based enhanced oil recovery (gas-based EOR) techniques: Mechanisms, applications, and future trends","authors":"Yasin Khalili, Saeed Abbasi, Mohammadreza Bagheri","doi":"10.1002/cjce.70238","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cjce.70238","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Gas-based enhanced oil recovery (EOR) techniques are critical for maximizing hydrocarbon extraction from mature oil reservoirs, extending field productivity beyond primary and secondary recovery methods. This review comprehensively evaluates major gas EOR processes CO<sub>2</sub> flooding, hydrocarbon gas injection, nitrogen (N<sub>2</sub>) injection, and flue-gas injection focusing on their mechanisms, applications, economic feasibility, and environmental implications. Unlike prior reviews that address individual gas injection techniques, this paper provides an integrated evaluation of the technical, economic, and environmental dimensions of gas-based EOR, establishing a unified framework for comparing recovery performance, technology readiness levels, and sustainability potential. Gas injection enhances oil recovery through miscible displacement, viscosity reduction, oil swelling, and reservoir pressure maintenance. CO<sub>2</sub> flooding demonstrates superior recovery efficiency, typically yielding 10%–20% incremental oil recovery beyond secondary recovery, and aligns with carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) objectives by enabling both enhanced recovery and permanent CO<sub>2</sub> sequestration. Hydrocarbon gas injection (rich and lean gas) achieves 15%–25% additional recovery in light oil reservoirs but faces economic and recycling challenges, whereas N<sub>2</sub> and flue-gas injections yield 5%–15% and 3%–8% incremental recovery, respectively, providing cost-effective options for pressure maintenance and late-stage field rejuvenation. Emerging innovations such as foam-assisted flooding, nanoparticle-enhanced injection, solvent-based EOR, and AI-driven optimization further improve efficiency and reduce operational risks. Overall, this review highlights gas-based EOR's potential to enhance oil recovery while reducing net emissions, supporting sustainable hydrocarbon production within evolving low-carbon energy systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":9400,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","volume":"104 7","pages":"3546-3573"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148215145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jingyun Xu, Hongxia Zhao, Chenghui Mo, Kexin Fang, Bin Yu
{"title":"Probabilistic dynamic stationary subspace regression model for soft sensing of nonstationary industrial processes","authors":"Jingyun Xu, Hongxia Zhao, Chenghui Mo, Kexin Fang, Bin Yu","doi":"10.1002/cjce.70228","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cjce.70228","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Soft sensor technology is increasingly crucial for quality control in modern industrial processes. However, as industrial systems grow more complex, they begin to exhibit intricate characteristics such as nonstationary, uncertainty, and dynamic. These complexities pose significant challenges to conventional data-driven soft sensor modelling approaches. In response, researchers have explored methods like stationary subspace analysis (SSA), probabilistic stationary subspace analysis (PSSA), and hidden Markov model (HMM) to handle nonstationary, uncertain, and dynamic process data. Nonetheless, each of these methods fails to fully capture these characteristics of complex industrial processes, which in turn limits their predictive performance. To overcome these limitations, this chapter introduces a probabilistic dynamic stationary subspace regression (PDSSR) soft sensor model tailored to nonstationary industrial processes. Specifically, the proposed model first decomposes the latent variables into quality-related and quality-unrelated components according to their relevance to the product quality variables. Next, within a stationary subspace analysis framework, the quality-related information is further partitioned into stationary and nonstationary components, thereby accurately capturing nonstationary characteristics. Moreover, during the online estimation process, a hidden Markov chain inference mechanism is incorporated to enhance the accuracy of parameter estimation by accounting for regime changes over time. Finally, Numerical example and a case study on a debutanizer distillation column demonstrate that the proposed method achieves high predictive accuracy in soft sensing for complex, nonstationary industrial processes.</p>","PeriodicalId":9400,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","volume":"104 7","pages":"3677-3691"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148215166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yuanyuan Hu, Yan Tan, Huangqing Liao, Shiyan Long, Jie Huang, Hui Zhang, Gui Chen, Bailin Xiang
{"title":"Construction of Ag-NH2-UiO-66 composites with boosted photocatalytic activity for the removal of contaminants","authors":"Yuanyuan Hu, Yan Tan, Huangqing Liao, Shiyan Long, Jie Huang, Hui Zhang, Gui Chen, Bailin Xiang","doi":"10.1002/cjce.70247","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cjce.70247","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The environmental pollution resulting from organic dye wastewater presents a significant threat to human health. Photocatalysis has emerged as a highly promising approach for mitigating wastewater contamination. In this study, a novel synthetic strategy was developed using NH<sub>2</sub>-UiO-66 as a template. By precisely controlling the amount of Ag<sup>+</sup> ions introduced into the NH<sub>2</sub>-UiO-66 precursor and employing a straightforward reduction approach, the Ag-NH<sub>2</sub>-UiO-66 composite photocatalyst was successfully synthesized. Comprehensive characterization via X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and X-ray photoelectron microscopy (XPS) confirmed that the incorporated Ag+ ions were effectively reduced to metallic silver and uniformly dispersed within the porous framework. Photocatalytic degradation experiments employing Rhodamine B (RhB) as a model pollutant under ultraviolet irradiation demonstrated that the catalyst with a silver loading of 0.05 mol/L achieved a maximum degradation efficiency of 91% within 150 min, markedly surpassing the 39% efficiency exhibited by pristine NH<sub>2</sub>-UiO-66. Furthermore, cyclic stability tests verified the catalyst's excellent reusability and structural durability. Mechanistic investigations revealed that superoxide radicals (O<sub>2</sub><sup>−</sup>) served as the predominant reactive species responsible for RhB degradation in the Ag-NH<sub>2</sub>-UiO-66 system. This work presents a simple and effective strategy for fabricating highly efficient and stable MOF-based photocatalysts for the remediation of dye-contaminated wastewater.</p>","PeriodicalId":9400,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","volume":"104 7","pages":"3444-3455"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147882850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9400,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","volume":"104 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148075361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9400,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","volume":"104 6","pages":"2777-2778"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148075362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9400,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","volume":"104 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148075363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A comprehensive review on lignin extraction from lignocellulosic biomass, and nano-lignin synthesis and modification for potential applications","authors":"Dinesh Verma, Mithilesh Kumar Jha, Sachin Kumar","doi":"10.1002/cjce.70151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cjce.70151","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Lignin is the second-largest natural aromatic polymer available on Earth. It plays a vital role in a plant's structural framework, which gives strength to the plant to sustain when facing adversities, and it also restricts it from being attacked by foreign entities such as insects and microorganisms. With significant properties, including biodegradability and being atoxic, it has immense possibility for high-value applications such as antimicrobial agents, UV protectors, emulsion stabilizers, dye synthesis via its derivatives, carbon fibre, and biomaterials—lignin extraction from various lignocellulosic biomass (LCB) through different extraction methods. Further, after extraction, lignin is converted into nano-lignin to broaden its applications through different routes. Due to high functional groups, nano-lignin has a larger surface area and more reactivity. After nano-lignin synthesis, it can be further modified through different chemical routes to increase the application area for specific end products. Therefore, this article summarizes the lignin extraction methods and nano-lignin conversion routes, as well as the modification of lignin for its variety of applications. The article also provides the current technologies and future outlooks in lignin valorization for its potential applications in different fields.</p>","PeriodicalId":9400,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","volume":"104 5","pages":"2310-2332"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cjce.70151","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147683964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Md. Sahadat Hossain, Mohammad Raihan Uddin, Sumaya Tabassum, Sanjida Khan, Md. Najem Uddin, Samina Ahmed
{"title":"Green synthesis of nano-crystallite CuO from waste sources for the enhancement of antimicrobial properties","authors":"Md. Sahadat Hossain, Mohammad Raihan Uddin, Sumaya Tabassum, Sanjida Khan, Md. Najem Uddin, Samina Ahmed","doi":"10.1002/cjce.70138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cjce.70138","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Global electronic waste has almost doubled since 2010, increasing from 33.8 MMT to over 62 MMT in 2022, and will reach 82 MMT by 2030. So, it will become the most pressing problem for the world if it cannot be utilized properly. In this research, Cu was collected from waste wire and used to synthesize CuO nanoparticles. The hydrothermal technique was properly employed, and X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were used to characterize the prepared CuO nanoparticles. Scherrer's equation, linear straight-line method, Monshi–Scherrer's method, size-strain plot method, Williamson–Hall method, Sahadat–Scherrer's model, and Halder–Wagner method were applied to evaluate the crystallite size, preference growth, volume of the unit cell, lattice parameters, degree of crystallinity, macrostrain, energy density, and crystallinity index of the developed CuO samples. All models, except the linear straight-line model, computed that crystallite size was within the acceptable range of 1–100 nm. The Rietveld refinement reported that the synthesized compound consisted of CuO phases and a small amount of Cu<sub>2</sub>O, which was negligible. The antimicrobial action of synthesized CuO nanoparticles was examined against gram-negative (<i>Escherichia coli</i>) and gram-positive (<i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>) bacteria. The investigations found that a significant inhibition zone was created for those microorganisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":9400,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","volume":"104 5","pages":"2242-2255"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147684216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}