Experimental gerontology最新文献

{"title":"On exploring muscle aging of the biceps brachii in the middle-aged population using HD-sEMG signal analysis","authors":"Kawtar Ghiatt ,&nbsp;Ahmad Diab ,&nbsp;Chawki Nasrallah ,&nbsp;Kiyoka Kinugawa-Bourron ,&nbsp;Sofiane Boudaoud","doi":"10.1016/j.exger.2026.113054","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exger.2026.113054","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Although neuromuscular decline is well documented with aging, emerging evidence indicates that it may begin as early as midlife, around age 50. As this stage represents a critical window for early intervention, the present study investigated age- and sex-related differences in muscle activation using high-density surface electromyography (HD-sEMG) of the biceps brachii (BB). Physically active individuals were categorized into three age groups: young (20–30 years), middle-aged (45–55 years), and older adults (65–75 years). HD-sEMG signals were recorded during isometric contractions at 20%, 40%, and 60% of maximal voluntary contraction (MVC). Muscle activation amplitude, spatial distribution, and signal complexity were analyzed. Although strength remained similar across groups, RMS amplitude was primarily influenced by contraction level, with age-related differences emerging in an intensity-dependent manner. In men, older participants exhibited lower RMS amplitudes compared to younger men at higher contraction levels (60% MVC, <span><math><mrow><mi>p</mi><mo>&lt;</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>05</mn></mrow></math></span>). In women, middle-aged participants consistently exhibited lower RMS amplitudes across contraction levels, accompanied by altered spatial organization of muscle activation, reflected by higher RMS CoV and lower modified entropy at moderate-to-high contraction intensities (<span><math><mrow><mi>p</mi><mo>&lt;</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>05</mn></mrow></math></span>). Signal complexity, assessed using sample entropy, did not show robust age-related differences, although descriptive trends toward lower values were observed in older adults at low contraction level. Taken together, these findings suggest that midlife, in women, may be characterized by subtle, task-dependent neuromuscular reorganization rather than a generalized decline. Early identification of such changes using HD-sEMG metrics may support timely interventions aimed at preserving neuromuscular function across the lifespan.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94003,"journal":{"name":"Experimental gerontology","volume":"215 ","pages":"Article 113054"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146128107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cumulative diabetes-related metabolic burden and the risk of hearing loss: A population-based study","authors":"Youngji Han ,&nbsp;Kyu-Yup Lee ,&nbsp;Incheol Seo ,&nbsp;Da Jung Jung","doi":"10.1016/j.exger.2026.113059","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exger.2026.113059","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) causes microvascular injury across multiple organs, but whether its cumulative microvascular burden contributes to sensory decline remains unclear. In this population-based cohort of 493,272 UK Biobank participants, including 43,332 with T2DM, we examined the association between diabetes-related microvascular complications (nephropathy, retinopathy, neuropathy) and incident hearing loss. Complications were identified from hospital records (ICD-10 E11.2/E11.3/E11.4) and categorized by count. Hearing loss (ICD-10 H90–H91) was ascertained from linked hospital records, death registries, and self-reports. Compared with participants without diabetes, adjusted hazard ratios (HRs; 95% CIs) for hearing loss were 1.28 (1.22–1.34) for T2DM without complications, 1.83 (1.65–2.02) for one complication, and 2.13 (1.75–2.59) for two or more. Within T2DM, risk increased stepwise with complication count (one vs none: 1.45 [1.31–1.60]; ≥2 vs none: 1.75 [1.44–2.13]). Associations were stronger in participants &lt;60 years, those with glycated hemoglobin ≥6.5%, and insulin users. Mediation analyses showed partial indirect effects of estimated glomerular filtration rate and C-reactive protein, consistent with contributions of renal dysfunction and systemic inflammation. Findings were robust across demographic and clinical subgroups. These results indicate that the cumulative burden of microvascular complications is independently associated with higher risk of hearing loss, supporting integration of auditory evaluation into comprehensive diabetes care, particularly for individuals with multiple complications or poor glycemic control.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94003,"journal":{"name":"Experimental gerontology","volume":"215 ","pages":"Article 113059"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146151495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlation between sarcopenia and changes in oligodendrocyte lineage cells in the brains of Alzheimer's disease model mice","authors":"Lin-lin Yao ,&nbsp;Xiao-ting Ma ,&nbsp;Fang-bo Li ,&nbsp;Lin-yi Zheng ,&nbsp;Qi Zeng ,&nbsp;Jia-wen Zhu ,&nbsp;Shan-wen Liu ,&nbsp;Yu-tong Du ,&nbsp;Hong Chen ,&nbsp;Yan-yun Sun ,&nbsp;Er-lei Wang ,&nbsp;Chun-feng Liu ,&nbsp;Quan-hong Ma ,&nbsp;Hua Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.exger.2026.113057","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exger.2026.113057","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder primarily characterized by cognitive dysfunction. The discovery and identification of non-cognitive symptoms in the preclinical stage hold promise for early diagnosis and intervention. Previous studies have shown that diagnosed AD patients commonly exhibit alterations in sarcopenia-related indicators, which might represent early symptoms of progression from mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to AD.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study used 3-month-old APP/PS1 transgenic (AD) mice and C57BL/6J wild-type (WT) mice. Hindlimbs were immobilized with plaster casts for 2 weeks. After immobilization, body, brain, and muscle weights were measured. Behavioral tests were conducted. Immunofluorescence staining was used to assess muscle morphology and analyze oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) lineage-related indicators.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Hindlimb immobilization induced sarcopenia in both AD and WT mice, manifested as decreased body, brain, gastrocnemius (Gas), and soleus (Sol) muscle weights. Immobilized mice showed decreased motor ability and impaired exploration behavior. Long-term spatial learning and memory were also affected. Muscle histological analysis revealed that AD mice exhibited baseline muscle fiber type switching. After immobilization, AD mice showed increased proportions of MyHC IIa fast-twitch fibers in the Sol and MyHC IIb fast-twitch fibers in the tibialis anterior (TA). At the central nervous system level, immobilization inhibited the OPCs proliferation and significantly increased activation of microglia and astrocytes of immobilized mice.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Hindlimb immobilization-induced sarcopenia correlated with slow-to-fast fiber transformation, reduced OPCs proliferation, and enhanced neuroinflammation. This study highlights the importance of sarcopenia in the progression of AD-related white matter pathology.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94003,"journal":{"name":"Experimental gerontology","volume":"215 ","pages":"Article 113057"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146128151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the causal relationship between osteoporosis and age-related macular degeneration: Evidence from observational studies and mendelian randomization","authors":"Huan Liu ,&nbsp;Xiaoping Sun ,&nbsp;Jiang Liu ,&nbsp;Zhengqi Chang","doi":"10.1016/j.exger.2026.113060","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exger.2026.113060","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study aimed to systematically investigate the association between osteoporosis (OP) and age-related macular degeneration (AMD), including its subtypes, by integrating observational evidence with causal inference approaches.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We first conducted a systematic literature search and meta-analysis of relevant observational studies up to August 2025 to evaluate the observational association between OP and AMD. Subsequently, using summary data from genome-wide association studies, we performed a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to examine the causal relationship between OP and four AMD subtypes. The primary causal estimates were derived using the inverse variance weighted method, and multiple sensitivity analyses were conducted to verify the robustness of the results.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The meta-analysis, which included three studies, indicated that osteoporosis increases the risk of AMD in women (OR: 1.46; 95% CI: 1.12–1.91, <em>P</em> = 0.0049). Under Bonferroni correction, the MR analysis showed that genetically predicted osteoporosis significantly increased the risk of dry AMD (IVW OR: 1.26; 95% CI: 1.10–1.44, <em>P</em> = 0.00087. Bayesian weighted MR OR: 1.25; 95% CI: 1.05–1.49, <em>P</em> = 0.01162.), while no significant causal effects were observed for wet, early, or late AMD. Reverse MR analysis did not indicate any causal effect of AMD on OP. No significant horizontal pleiotropy or heterogeneity was detected in any of the analyses.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Osteoporosis may increase the risk of AMD in women. The MR analysis provides some genetic evidence supporting a potential causal link between osteoporosis and dry AMD. In clinical practice, patients with osteoporosis—particularly elderly women—should be considered at potential high risk for dry AMD, and early fundus screening may facilitate the early detection and intervention of dry AMD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94003,"journal":{"name":"Experimental gerontology","volume":"215 ","pages":"Article 113060"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146145351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effects of extracellular matrix degradation mediated by chronic inflammation in aged skin on the structure and function of eccrine sweat glands","authors":"Xiaohan Liu ,&nbsp;Guihong Yang ,&nbsp;Yuanli Ye ,&nbsp;Weifei Wang ,&nbsp;Yongpeng Su ,&nbsp;Jianxin Wu ,&nbsp;Yiting Feng ,&nbsp;Mingdi He ,&nbsp;Zhenglin Li ,&nbsp;Lingbo Li ,&nbsp;Lingfei Li ,&nbsp;Yi Liang ,&nbsp;Mingxing Lei ,&nbsp;Xia Lei","doi":"10.1016/j.exger.2026.113048","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exger.2026.113048","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Eccrine sweat glands (ESGs) are critical organs for human thermoregulation, yet their function progressively declines with aging. This study aims to investigate the underlying mechanisms responsible for the age-related impairment of ESG function. Through comparative analysis between skin tissues from young and aged mice/human, we observed structural loosening of aged ESG and a significant reduction in the expression of extracellular matrix (ECM) components—type I and type II collagen. Further investigation revealed a significant upregulation of the inflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-1β and matrix metalloproteinases and proteases (MMP)-1 in aged tissues, which can modulate the collagen degradation, suggesting that ECM degradation may be regulated by an inflammatory microenvironment. To validate this hypothesis, we established a model of chronic inflammation by intradermally injecting IL-1β into the footpads of mice. The results demonstrated suppressed ESG function, structural loosening of ESG tissues, and a marked reduction of type I and type II collagen surrounding the ESGs. In summary, this study reveals that type I and type II collagen are distributed around ESGs, providing structural and functional support. The activation of the IL-1β–MMP-1 inflammatory pathway in aging may contribute to ESG dysfunction and structural disruption by degrading the collagen around ESGs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94003,"journal":{"name":"Experimental gerontology","volume":"215 ","pages":"Article 113048"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146042317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"α-Lipoic acid mitigates age-related cognitive decline by modulating PPARγ/NF-κB-mediated neuroinflammation","authors":"Zhenyuan Zhang ,&nbsp;Cong Zhang ,&nbsp;Yuan Zhao ,&nbsp;Ya Gao ,&nbsp;Yidan Zhang ,&nbsp;Lan Zhang ,&nbsp;Yutong Zheng ,&nbsp;Xiangjian Zhang ,&nbsp;Guofeng Yang ,&nbsp;Jian Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.exger.2025.112927","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exger.2025.112927","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Age-related cognitive decline is associated with chronic neuroinflammation, and α-lipoic acid (LA) has been proposed as a potential cognitive enhancer. This study aimed to investigate whether LA ameliorates aging-related cognitive impairment by regulating neuroinflammation through the Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ)/nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) pathway in vivo and vitro.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Eighteen-month-old naturally aged C57BL/6 mice were treated with LA (100 mg/kg/day) for 8 weeks, followed by T maze behavioral tests. Immunofluorescence, PCR, and Western blot were used to assess neuroinflammation and PPARγ/NF-κB signaling pathway in the hippocampus. In vitro, D-galactose-induced BV2 cell was used as a senescent model. Cell viability was measured through CCK-8 assay. Subsequent PCR and Western blot analyses further delineated changes in inflammatory cytokines and PPARγ/NF-κB pathway.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>LA administration demonstrated significant cognitive-enhancing effects, accompanied by suppression of both microgliosis and astrocytosis, as well as a reduction in pro-inflammatory cytokines in the hippocampus of aged mice. Mechanistically, LA upregulated PPARγ expression and inhibited NF-κB phosphorylation. Furtherly, in vitro, LA attenuated senescence-associated inflammation, an effect that was abolished by the PPARγ antagonist GW9662, confirming the critical role of PPARγ signaling in mediating LA's anti-inflammatory action.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>LA mitigated age-related cognitive deficits by modulating neuroinflammation through PPARγ/NF-κB suppression. Our findings highlighted the therapeutic potential of LA in aging-related cognitive decline and the role of the PPARγ/NF-κB axis in neuroinflammation regulation. As an exploratory study with a limited sample size, these findings offer promising insights that would benefit from future confirmation in larger cohorts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94003,"journal":{"name":"Experimental gerontology","volume":"215 ","pages":"Article 112927"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145282361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From treadmill to outdoor overground walking: Enhancing ground contact timing detection for older adults using transfer learning","authors":"Sailee Sansgiri ,&nbsp;Emmi Matikainen-Tervola ,&nbsp;Merja Rantakokko ,&nbsp;Taija Finni ,&nbsp;Timo Rantalainen ,&nbsp;Neil J. Cronin","doi":"10.1016/j.exger.2026.113056","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exger.2026.113056","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Identification of ground contact timings (GCT) is critical for monitoring mobility in older adults. Laboratory methods are precise but limited to controlled environments, restricting their applicability in real-world settings. Treadmills allow extended measurements but fail to reflect the variability of overground walking. We evaluated the performance of deep learning models trained on treadmill data from young adults and their generalizability to treadmill and outdoor walking in older adults. We also explored transfer learning to enhance predictions by fine-tuning models with older adults’ treadmill and outdoor walking data. Foot-mounted inertial measurement unit (IMU) walking data was collected from 20 young adults on treadmills and 26 older adults on treadmills and outdoor level, incline, and decline terrains. Ground truth GCTs were derived using pressure insoles (young adults) and manually-annotated motion capture (older adults). A fully connected neural network, a convolutional neural network (CNN), and a bidirectional long short-term memory network were trained on IMU data. Transfer learning was applied incrementally by fine-tuning the best-performing model with older adults’ data. Model performance was evaluated on unseen outdoor data from 6 participants using F1-score and mean absolute error (MAE). The CNN achieved the highest F1-scores (0.9864 — treadmill, 0.9637 — outdoor level, 0.9538 — incline, and 0.9029 — decline walking) and the lowest MAE. Fine-tuning improved treadmill F1-scores up to n=10, while outdoor level scores plateaued at n=5. Decline walking showed poorer performance, highlighting the need for advanced modeling strategies. These findings underscore the potential of transfer learning for real-world mobility monitoring.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94003,"journal":{"name":"Experimental gerontology","volume":"215 ","pages":"Article 113056"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146138265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between weight-adjusted waist index (WWI) and multimorbidity: Evidence from NHANES and prospective validation in CHARLS","authors":"Xiaorong Ye ,&nbsp;Dingqi Shi ,&nbsp;Ruixuan Li ,&nbsp;Yuxin Li ,&nbsp;Luwen Zhang ,&nbsp;Lei Shi ,&nbsp;Yao Xiao","doi":"10.1016/j.exger.2026.113044","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exger.2026.113044","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Background&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;The burden of chronic diseases is known to be significantly increased by obesity, yet conventional measures like waist circumference (WC) and body mass index (BMI) do not accurately capture central adiposity. The Weight-Adjusted Waist Index (WWI), calculated as waist circumference (cm)/√weight (kg), has been proposed to assess abdominal fat distribution independent of overall body size and may theoretically outperform BMI and WC by reducing muscle-mass–related misclassification. Evidence regarding its association with multimorbidity remains limited. This study sought to elucidate these associations using nationally representative NHANES data and to verify the results in a prospective Chinese cohort (CHARLS).&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Method&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Adults ≥20 years in NHANES 2017–2023 were included, applying sampling weights. Multimorbidity was defined as the coexistence of ≥2 chronic conditions, identified based on self-reported physician-diagnosed diseases in both NHANES and CHARLS. In NHANES, multivariable logistic regression, RCS, GAM, interaction analysis and Sensitivity analyses were performed, adjusting for demographics, socioeconomic status, lifestyle behaviors, and dietary factors. ROC curve analysis was then performed to evaluate and compare the predictive performance of WWI, BMI, and WC. WWI, BMI, and WC were analyzed in separate regression models to avoid multicollinearity interference when comparing predictive performance. External validation was conducted using Cox regression and RCS in CHARLS 2011–2028, adjusting for demographic, socioeconomic, and lifestyle variables.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Result&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;In NHANES, WWI was significantly positively associated with multimorbidity (OR = 1.74; 95% CI: 1.59–1.90; &lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt; &lt; 0.001). Participants in the highest quartile of WWI had over threefold higher odds of multimorbidity compared with those in the lowest quartile (OR = 3.04; 95% CI: 2.94–3.73; P &lt; 0.001). RCS indicated a predominantly linear association, while GAM suggested a modest J-shaped pattern. Sex significantly modified the association (P for interaction &lt;0.05). Sensitivity analysis in adults ≥45 years yielded consistent results. In the CHARLS cohort (&lt;em&gt;n&lt;/em&gt; = 2985), higher WWI significantly predicted incident multimorbidity (HR = 1.14; 95% CI: 1.06–1.22). WWI showed the highest discriminative ability for multimorbidity (AUC = 0.709) compared with BMI and WC.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Conclusions&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;WWI remained a significant and consistent predictor of multimorbidity, demonstrating greater discriminatory ability than BMI or WC. While RCS suggested a predominantly linear association, GAM revealed potential non-linearity at extreme WWI levels, indicating that dose-response patterns warrant further confirmation. Validation in the CHARLS cohort supports temporal association, offering greater causal plausibility. Collectively, these results highlight WWI as a practical marker for identifying h","PeriodicalId":94003,"journal":{"name":"Experimental gerontology","volume":"215 ","pages":"Article 113044"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146042325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the molecular intersections of osteoporosis and sarcopenia: An integrated bioinformatics and experimental validation","authors":"Yan Lv ,&nbsp;Yongjun Du ,&nbsp;Peng Lin ,&nbsp;Jiamian Liu ,&nbsp;Shaoquan Pu ,&nbsp;Sheng Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.exger.2026.113033","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exger.2026.113033","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Osteoporosis and sarcopenia are age-related degenerative diseases that frequently co-occur in the older adults, yet their shared molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. This study aimed to identify common biomarkers.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>By utilizing the GEO database, differential and enrichment analyses were conducted to identify genes that are commonly expressed in both diseases. Subsequently, key genes were identified through four types of machine learning and six types of immune infiltration analyses. Finally, the Dual Condition Sarcopenia and Osteoporosis (DSO) model was established by combining bilateral ovariectomy with natural aging to validate the key genes.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 577 and 625 genes were identified in the osteoporosis (GSE156508) and sarcopenia (GSE226151), respectively. GO, KEGG, and GSEA analyses revealed that osteoporosis-related genes were enriched in muscle development and myogenesis pathways, while sarcopenia-related genes were linked to osteoclast differentiation and inflammatory responses. Venn analysis identified 20 genes shared by both diseases. Four machine learning algorithms identified five key genes: APOC1, ENPP5, FBXL22, IRS1, and PAQR4. Among them, PAQR4 showed the highest predictive value in ROC analysis and was consistently downregulated in both training and validation datasets. Immune infiltration analysis indicated altered neutrophil levels, notably reduced in osteoporotic skeletal muscle. Experimental validation confirmed decreased PAQR4 expression in both bone and muscle tissues of the DSO model.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>These findings highlight PAQR4 as a potential biomarker and a candidate molecule of interest for osteosarcopenia.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94003,"journal":{"name":"Experimental gerontology","volume":"214 ","pages":"Article 113033"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145979553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictive value of remnant cholesterol inflammatory index for cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome progression: A prospective cohort study","authors":"Xiaoying Ren ,&nbsp;Yong Tian ,&nbsp;Juan Tian ,&nbsp;Guang Wang ,&nbsp;Jia Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.exger.2026.113030","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exger.2026.113030","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) syndrome is a progressive disorder resulting from the intricate interactions among obesity, diabetes, chronic kidney disease (CKD), and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Remnant cholesterol (RC) has been shown to be associated with the risk of CKM syndrome progression. However, the combined effects of RC and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) on CKM syndrome progression remain unclear. This study evaluated the association between the remnant cholesterol inflammatory index (RCII) and CKM progression risk.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) were analyzed. Logistic regression models were employed to investigate the association between the baseline RCII and advanced CKM stages. Kaplan-Meier analysis was conducted to assess the cumulative incidence of CVD across RCII quartiles in individuals with CKM stages 0–3. Cox regression models were used to examine the associations of the baseline RCII and cumulative RCII (CumRCII) with the risk of new-onset CVD among individuals with CKM stages 0–3.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In the baseline analysis, each standard deviation (SD) increase in the RCII was associated with a 26% greater risk of advanced CKM stages (odds ratio (OR): 1.26, 95% CI: 1.20–1.34). During the 7-year follow-up, 1483 (21.5%) participants with CKM stages 0–3 developed CVD. The cumulative incidence of CVD progressively increased across RCII quartiles, from 17.02% in Q1 to 25.75% in Q4. After full adjustment, compared with that in RCII Q1, CVD risk was 19% greater in RCII Q3 (hazard ratio (HR): 1.19, 95% CI: 1.02–1.39) and 29% greater in RCII Q4 (HR: 1.29, 95% CI: 1.11–1.51). Participants with CumRCII levels that exceeded 29.49 had a significantly increased risk of new-onset CVD (HR: 1.41, 95% CI: 1.10–1.80).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Higher baseline RCII and CumRCII were associated with an increased CVD risk in participants with CKM stages 0<strong>–</strong>3. Early intervention in those with elevated RCII may help prevent CKM progression.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94003,"journal":{"name":"Experimental gerontology","volume":"214 ","pages":"Article 113030"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145954737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}