Cureus最新文献

{"title":"Pulmonary Tuberculous Lesions: An Autopsy Study in Central Kerala, India.","authors":"Hima A D, Lesitha S, Rajendra Prasad V K, Sheeju P A, Vasudevan P S, Suryakala R Nair, Shameem K Ummer Ali, Reena John, Sanjeev Nair","doi":"10.7759/cureus.81632","DOIUrl":"10.7759/cureus.81632","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Tuberculosis (TB) is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity in India. While India is moving towards ending TB, estimating the TB burden is still a challenge. This study aims to assess the prevalence of pathologically active TB in the lungs of deceased persons undergoing autopsy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study group consisted of all cases undergoing autopsy during the study period (May 2021-October 2022). Tissue bits from the apex of both lungs were collected during the autopsy. Gross pathological examination of both lungs and microscopy of tissue bits were done. Proportion and 95% confidence intervals were estimated for the prevalence of pathologically active TB. A chi-square test was applied to determine the factors associated with pathologically active TB.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 311 subjects were included in the study, of which 244 were male (78%), and the mean age was 51.32 (±15.9) years. The most frequent cause of autopsy was road traffic accidents, followed by death due to hanging. The proportion of pathologically active TB was estimated to be 2.89% (95%CI: 1.53%-5.41%). Nucleic Acid Amplification Test (NAAT) testing was done for a subset of 51 specimens, in which <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> was detected in only one case (1.96% (95%CI: 0.05%-10.45%)). Factors associated with the detection of lesions of TB were smoking, alcohol use, and prior history of TB.</p>","PeriodicalId":93960,"journal":{"name":"Cureus","volume":"17 4","pages":"e81632"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11969624/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143797497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retraction: Exploring Pharmacological and Non-Pharmacological Approaches to Managing Hypertension During Pregnancy: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Saeeda Bano, Shahida Husain Tarar, Precious D Atung, Abdullah Shehryar, Abdur Rehman, Ahmad Irshad, Oluwatobiloba T Ogungbemi, Nahal Ijaz, Maryam Nour, Hafsah Abdirahiim Maalim","doi":"10.7759/cureus.r172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.r172","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This retracts the article DOI: 10.7759/cureus.75534.].</p>","PeriodicalId":93960,"journal":{"name":"Cureus","volume":"17 4","pages":"r172"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11960832/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143775263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retraction: Role of Statins in Reducing Cardiovascular Mortality: A Systematic Review of Long-Term Outcomes.","authors":"Bipasha Seth, David Okello, Syed Saad Ullah, Rabia Yousaf, Shaikha B Alfalasi, Muhammad Hafeez, Naveed Rasool, Gurman Bhullar, Tchapleu Nana Ian Gidley, Syed Ali Hussein Abdi, Khakan Murtaza","doi":"10.7759/cureus.r171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.r171","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This retracts the article DOI: 10.7759/cureus.78137.].</p>","PeriodicalId":93960,"journal":{"name":"Cureus","volume":"17 4","pages":"r171"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11960835/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143775272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced Absorption and Safety of MuscleBlaze CreAMP™: A Comparative Analysis With Regular Micronized Creatine Monohydrate in Healthy Male Adults.","authors":"Anupam Trehan, Rachna Anand, Puja Kumari, Harinder Singh, Neha Soni, Ravij Madan, Raman Matta, Sameer Maheshwari, Manoj K Verma","doi":"10.7759/cureus.81555","DOIUrl":"10.7759/cureus.81555","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Background Creatine monohydrate is a widely utilized dietary supplement in sports nutrition, valued for its role in enhancing muscle energy availability, power output, and performance during high-intensity, short-duration activities. Creatine monohydrate is effective but limited by absorption inefficiencies and side effects. Enhanced forms can improve uptake, reduce gastrointestinal discomfort, and optimize muscle energy utilization, meeting athletes' evolving performance needs. Methods This study involved 32 healthy male volunteers aged 18-50 years, with a BMI of 18.5-25.0 kg/m² and body weight of ≥50 kg. This study evaluated the bioavailability and safety of MuscleBlaze Creatine Monohydrate (CreAMP™) (Bright Lifecare Pvt Ltd, Gurugram, India), containing 3.0 g creatine monohydrate and 0.1 g Creabsorb™ (Indian Patent: IN202311057466), against a standard 3.0 g micronized creatine dose. In a double-blind, randomized crossover trial (CTRI/2024/08/073021), 32 healthy males (18-50 years) received both formulations under fasting conditions. The study compared two oral creatine monohydrate formulations: CreAMP™ Micronized Creatine Monohydrate (test) and Regular Micronized Creatine Monohydrate (reference) (Bright Lifecare Pvt Ltd, Gurugram, India). Blood samples were collected pre-dose and up to six hours post-dose over two periods, separated by a washout period of one week. Pharmacokinetic parameters were analyzed using Phoenix® WinNonlin® 8.5 (Certara, Radnor, PA). Results CreAMP™ has significantly higher bioavailability, absorption, and plasma retention compared to the reference formulation. With a 38.97% increase in bioavailability, an 18.10% higher C_max, a 21.37% longer half-life, 34.67% lower clearance, and a 10.13% higher mean residence time, CreAMP™ demonstrates superior pharmacokinetic properties. These findings suggest that CreAMP™ offers improved creatine uptake, sustained plasma levels, and the potential for reduced dosing frequency, making it a more effective formulation for creatine supplementation. Conclusion The study findings establish CreAMP™ as a superior creatine formulation, offering enhanced bioavailability, faster absorption, and prolonged plasma retention. These pharmacokinetic advantages indicate that CreAMP™ offers more efficient creatine uptake, improved energy availability, and optimized performance support for athletes.</p>","PeriodicalId":93960,"journal":{"name":"Cureus","volume":"17 4","pages":"e81555"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11966180/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143781921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Symptomatic Common Carotid Artery Stenosis With a Persistent Primitive Hypoglossal Artery Presenting With Posterior Circulation Symptoms and Technical Challenges in Stenting.","authors":"Keisuke Kadooka, Roselyn Pamatmat, Kotaro Ueda, Shimpei Tsuboki, Takafumi Mitsutake, Michihiro Tanaka","doi":"10.7759/cureus.81562","DOIUrl":"10.7759/cureus.81562","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The persistent primitive hypoglossal artery (PPHA) is a rare variant of the persistent carotid-vertebrobasilar anastomoses. When PPHA coexists with carotid artery stenoses, it typically presents ischemic symptoms of the anterior circulation. However, we report a unique case of common carotid artery (CCA) stenosis with PPHA presenting exclusively ischemic symptoms of the posterior circulation, which posed significant diagnostic challenges and required innovative modifications in embolic protection strategies during carotid artery stenting. A 65-year-old woman experienced recurrent bilateral ptosis, diplopia, and transient bilateral visual loss, suggestive of posterior circulation ischemia. Imaging revealed significant left CCA stenosis with a PPHA supplying the posterior circulation. Due to the large diameter of the CCA, standard distal protection was unfeasible. Instead, distal balloon protection was innovatively applied at the bifurcation of the PPHA and the internal carotid artery, where the slightly narrower diameter facilitated successful stenting. The postoperative course was favorable, with no recurrence of symptoms. PPHA-associated carotid stenosis can cause posterior circulation symptoms, complicating diagnosis. Understanding anatomical and hemodynamic variations like PPHA is crucial for effective treatment and ensuring optimal outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":93960,"journal":{"name":"Cureus","volume":"17 4","pages":"e81562"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11966179/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143782058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retraction: Minimally Invasive Approaches for High-Risk and Elderly Patients With Acute Cholecystitis: A Systematic Review of Techniques and Outcomes.","authors":"Mark Abdelmaseeh, Asem Mhmndar, Ayesha Siddiqa, Shoaib S Ahamed, Kanwal Sheraz, Ahmad F Mohd, Haider Ali, Abdullah Shehryar, Abdur Rehman, Khakan Murtaza","doi":"10.7759/cureus.r174","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.r174","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This retracts the article DOI: 10.7759/cureus.78271.].</p>","PeriodicalId":93960,"journal":{"name":"Cureus","volume":"17 4","pages":"r174"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11960830/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143775269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retrospective Clinical Study on Early Prediction of Anastomotic Leak After Esophageal Cancer Resection Based on the Combination of Platelet Count and Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio.","authors":"Shu Wu, Linxiang Zhang, Yamen Muad, Zhong Xu, Lin Ye","doi":"10.7759/cureus.81589","DOIUrl":"10.7759/cureus.81589","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong> The systemic inflammatory response may influence the occurrence of postoperative complications. This study aimed to evaluate the predictive potential of combining platelet count and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (COP-NLR) for esophagogastric anastomotic leak (AL) following esophageal cancer surgery.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong> We enrolled patients who developed AL after radical surgery for esophageal cancer and those who did not develop AL after the surgery at the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, China, from June 2019 to February 2022. We analyzed the correlation between AL and several risk factors, including COP-NLR. Patients were categorized as COP-NLR 2 if both platelet count and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) were elevated, COP-NLR 1 if either parameter was elevated, and COP-NLR 0 if neither parameter showed elevation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong> A total of 190 patients were included in this study. The incidence of AL after esophageal cancer surgery was 14.7%. The critical values of preoperative NLR and preoperative platelet count were 2.41 (sensitivity 48.8%, specificity 92.9%, and area under the curve (AUC) 0.728) and 186 × 10⁹/L (sensitivity 45.3%, specificity 78.9%, and AUC 0.667), respectively. According to multivariate analysis, COP-NLR was identified as an independent risk factor for AL (COP-NLR 1 vs. COP-NLR 0: odds ratio (OR) 4.98, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.05-23.61; COP-NLR 2 vs. COP-NLR 0: OR 11.12, 95% CI 2.31-53.41).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong> COP-NLR is a new predictor for AL after esophageal cancer resection.</p>","PeriodicalId":93960,"journal":{"name":"Cureus","volume":"17 4","pages":"e81589"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11966183/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143781933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retraction: Impact of Dual Antiplatelet Therapy Versus Monotherapy in Acute Stroke Management: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Muhammad Adil Areeb, Rakesh Mohanty, Hiren B Hisoriya, Javeria Mithani, Oluwatobiloba T Ogungbemi, Kesha Pathak, Umar Farooq, Rauda Al Dhaheri, Ahmad Zubair Aziz, Nishath Kausar, Ali Raza","doi":"10.7759/cureus.r176","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.r176","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This retracts the article DOI: 10.7759/cureus.78138.].</p>","PeriodicalId":93960,"journal":{"name":"Cureus","volume":"17 4","pages":"r176"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11960836/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143775267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retraction: Outcomes of Direct-Acting Antivirals Versus Interferon-Based Therapy in Chronic Hepatitis C Infection.","authors":"Ratna Chowdhury, Wardah Rashid, Taranpreet Singh, Abdur Rehman, Nida F Daterdiwala, Varaidzo Mkosi, Bhumikala Limbu, Syeda Alliza Bukhari, Afif Ramadhan, Muath M Dabas, Abdullah Shehryar, Ramadan Khan","doi":"10.7759/cureus.r173","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.r173","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This retracts the article DOI: 10.7759/cureus.75902.].</p>","PeriodicalId":93960,"journal":{"name":"Cureus","volume":"17 4","pages":"r173"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11960831/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143775249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Artificial Intelligence in Assisted Reproductive Technology: A New Era in Fertility Treatment.","authors":"Eirini Orovou, Katerina D Tzimourta, Maria Tzitiridou-Chatzopoulou, Antigoni Kakatosi, Antigoni Sarantaki","doi":"10.7759/cureus.81568","DOIUrl":"10.7759/cureus.81568","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly applied in assisted reproduction, enhancing success rates and enabling personalized fertility care. The theoretical background of this paper seeks to present an extensive analysis of the key concepts, technological developments, and applications of AI in the field of assisted reproduction. Through a review of existing literature, clinical studies, and practical applications, this paper attempts to demonstrate how AI can contribute to increasing the effectiveness of fertility treatments, address ethical and legal issues, and open new avenues for research and clinical practice in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":93960,"journal":{"name":"Cureus","volume":"17 4","pages":"e81568"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11966177/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143781997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}