Cureus最新文献

{"title":"Neuropsychiatric Assessment Before and After Epilepsy Surgery: A Descriptive Study in Patients of the National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery Manuel Velasco Suárez.","authors":"David Daniel González Mille, Fernando Moisés Chávez Hassan, Daniel Crail-Meléndez, Ángel Alberto Ruiz Chow, Iris E Martínez-Juárez","doi":"10.7759/cureus.81213","DOIUrl":"10.7759/cureus.81213","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The relationship between epilepsy and psychiatric disorders is complex and is influenced by biological and psychological factors and social determinants. There is evidence that psychiatric disorders are more common in patients with epilepsy compared to the general population. The impact of epilepsy surgery on psychiatric comorbidity is less clear, and patients who are candidates for epilepsy surgery should undergo several investigations, including a longitudinal psychiatric diagnosis before and after as part of the evaluation of the potential success of the surgery.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The objective of the study is to determine the prevalence of psychiatric disorders in patients undergoing epilepsy surgery before and after the surgical intervention.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>We analyzed the data of 95 patients who underwent epilepsy surgery at the National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery (Mexico) between 2006 and 2012 and who were assessed by psychiatry before and after the surgery.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were no significant differences in the prevalence of psychiatric disorders before and after epilepsy surgery (odds ratio (OR): 1.371 (0.760-2.473), p = 0.294).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our results are consistent with those previously reported in the medical literature. Epilepsy surgery is a procedure that requires a multidisciplinary approach, and all patients undergoing the procedure should receive a longitudinal follow-up by psychiatry.</p>","PeriodicalId":93960,"journal":{"name":"Cureus","volume":"17 3","pages":"e81213"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11948931/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143733675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isolated Spherophakia and Phacodonesis in a Young Child With Short Stature: A Case Report.","authors":"Nicolas Nicolaou, Despina Nicolaou, Savvas Christou","doi":"10.7759/cureus.81223","DOIUrl":"10.7759/cureus.81223","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bilateral spherophakia is a rare congenital condition, typically associated with syndromic disorders where distinctive features facilitate early recognition. Isolated cases without systemic involvement are often underdiagnosed and identified following angle-closure glaucoma or crystalline lens (CL) subluxation. In spherophakia, the CL adopts a spherical shape due to defective zonular fibers, inducing lenticular myopia. We report the case of a six-year-old boy presenting with short stature, high myopia, and bilateral low vision, initially misdiagnosed. A progressive myopic shift of -0.50 D every three to six months led to a refractive error of -16.00 D over 10 years. Axial lengths, keratometry (K) readings, and posterior segment findings were normal, supporting a diagnosis of lenticular rather than axial or corneal myopia. Anterior chamber depths (ACD) and angles were bilaterally shallow. The co-existence of isolated spherophakia and short stature initiated genetic evaluation, given established associations with sporadic ADAMTS17 mutations. However, the results were inconclusive. Isolated spherophakia should be considered in children presenting with short stature and high myopia, particularly in consanguineous families. Grade 1 phacodonesis or lens hypermobility was observed on slit-lamp biomicroscopy, indicating CL instability. This report aims to increase awareness of spherophakia in the absence of systemic involvement. Key features include progressive high myopia with normal axial length, K readings, and increased CL thickness and power. Bilaterally shallow ACD and symptoms of intermittent blurred vision in dim light suggest angle closure. Bilateral amblyopia is also common. Careful observation for phacodonesis is emphasized as it is a potential risk for CL subluxation in spherophakia. Management strategies are outlined to support timely intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":93960,"journal":{"name":"Cureus","volume":"17 3","pages":"e81223"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11938793/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143722887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rapidly Progressive Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC) in Severe Fatal Heatstroke: A Diagnostic Challenge Despite Normal Initial Coagulation Tests.","authors":"Takahiro Tsuchida","doi":"10.7759/cureus.81154","DOIUrl":"10.7759/cureus.81154","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This case report describes a fatal case of rapidly progressing disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) in a 50-year-old male with schizophrenia following severe classic (non-exertional) heatstroke. The patient, who was receiving antipsychotic medications (risperidone and olanzapine), presented with profound hyperthermia (41.7°C) and altered consciousness. Despite initial standard coagulation tests (prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), and international normalized ratio (INR)) being within the normal range, overt DIC developed within three hours. This was characterized by a sharp decline in platelet count (from 28,000 to 6,000/µL), prolonged PT (from 12.6 to 39.2 seconds) and APTT (from 23.2 to 100.6 seconds), a marked increase in fibrin degradation products (FDP) (from 4.41 to 1,282 µg/mL), and fibrinogen depletion (from 339 mg/dL to below the measurement threshold), all consistent with overt DIC. The Japanese Association for Acute Medicine (JAAM) DIC score rapidly increased from 1 to 7. This deterioration coincided with the onset of acute kidney injury and hepatic dysfunction, supporting the hypothesis that heatstroke-induced coagulopathy has systemic effects. Despite aggressive treatment, including fluid resuscitation, extracorporeal cooling, vasopressors, blood product transfusion, antithrombin administration, and continuous hemofiltration, the patient succumbed to multi-organ failure 32 hours after admission. This case highlights the need for a high index of suspicion for DIC in severe heatstroke, even when initial coagulation tests appear normal. It also emphasizes the importance of early and continuous monitoring with more sensitive biomarkers, such as FDP, fibrinogen, and point-of-care viscoelastic testing (thromboelastography (TEG)/rotational thromboelastometry (ROTEM)). Early detection, rapid pre-hospital resuscitation, and targeted interventions are crucial to preventing progression to multi-organ failure. Future research should prioritize validating early diagnostic markers of heatstroke-induced DIC and developing specific therapeutic strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":93960,"journal":{"name":"Cureus","volume":"17 3","pages":"e81154"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11934944/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143712615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Qualitative Study on the Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices Regarding Schistosomiasis Prevention Among Primary School Children in the Riverine Communities of Osun State, Nigeria.","authors":"Sunday C Adeyemo, Sunday Olarewaju, Eniola D Olabode, Ayodele R Ajayi, Adeola D Aderinwale, Kehinde Awodele, Akintade J Odunlami, Oluwafunmilayo Fasanu","doi":"10.7759/cureus.81209","DOIUrl":"10.7759/cureus.81209","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Background Despite the implementation of severe rounds of preventive chemotherapy, schistosomiasis is a disease of concern affecting millions of people, especially in underdeveloped and developing countries including Nigeria. This study aimed to use a qualitative method to have an in-depth understanding of the gaps in school children's knowledge, attitude, and practices regarding schistosomiasis. Methods This study employed a qualitative method to obtain information from schoolchildren in riverine villages in Osun State, Nigeria. The study was conducted among 138 children in Primary 4-6 across 12 schools selected using the purposive sampling technique. A total of 24 focus group discussions were conducted by public health professionals and doctors. The recorded data was transcribed and analyzed using ATLAS.ti software (ATLAS.ti Scientific Software Development GmbH, Berlin, Germany). Results A few respondents (27.5%) accurately identified the symptoms, risk factors, and preventive measures of schistosomiasis. A sizable portion (75.9%) expressed readiness to seek care early from professionals within the hospital settings, undergo medical tests to confirm the diagnosis, and adhere to prescribed drugs and other preventive measures appropriately as a primary preventive measure to ensure clearance of organism. A significant portion (78.8%) of the participants indicated the use of pit latrines as the most common method of sewage disposal. Outside the house, the most commonly mentioned is defecating in the bush, reflecting open defecation practices. Conclusions This study highlights the gaps in knowledge, attitude, and practices regarding schistosomiasis among children in the riverine communities of Osun State. To reduce the disease, we need targeted health education, better sanitation, and easier access to healthcare. These steps can help protect children and control the disease in the long term.</p>","PeriodicalId":93960,"journal":{"name":"Cureus","volume":"17 3","pages":"e81209"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11937718/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143722883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rabson-Mendenhall Syndrome Nearly Misdiagnosed as Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: A Case Report.","authors":"Fahad Almotawa, Aziza M Mushiba, Nora Alqahtani, Abdulrahman Mashi","doi":"10.7759/cureus.81190","DOIUrl":"10.7759/cureus.81190","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Rabson-Mendenhall syndrome (RMS) is a rare genetic condition marked by severe insulin resistance, leading to persistent hyperglycemia that can sometimes be misdiagnosed as type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). This case report details a 34-year-old male who was referred to a tertiary center for genetic evaluation to rule out insulin resistance syndrome. The patient had been diagnosed with T1DM since childhood, struggling to control his hyperglycemia despite high doses of insulin. Physical examination revealed acanthosis nigricans, prognathism, and other dysmorphic features. Genetic testing identified pathogenic variants in the insulin receptor (INSR) gene, confirming the diagnosis of RMS. Insulin resistance syndromes are prone to misdiagnosis, so a thorough patient history and careful physical examination are essential in distinguishing T1DM from insulin resistance syndrome. This is the first documented case of RMS in Saudi Arabia, and we emphasize the clinical findings and genetic confirmation in this patient.</p>","PeriodicalId":93960,"journal":{"name":"Cureus","volume":"17 3","pages":"e81190"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11936689/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143722889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Awake Fiberoptic Intubation for Airway Management in a Patient With Multinodular Goiter and Severe Tracheal Stenosis.","authors":"Rufino Aguilar Sierra, Hunor Székessy","doi":"10.7759/cureus.81174","DOIUrl":"10.7759/cureus.81174","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Managing difficult airways in patients with complex comorbidities and language barriers requires a strategic, multidisciplinary approach. We present the case of a 60-year-old non-smoking female with a history of multinodular euthyroid goiter causing significant tracheal stenosis, scheduled for an elective procedure. Her sole documented comorbidity was a newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus. No additional health conditions were reported. A notable challenge was the language barrier, as the patient did not speak the local language, necessitating the presence of a translator to facilitate all communication and informed consent. Given the significant tracheal compression observed in imaging studies, an awake fiberoptic intubation was planned to reduce airway compromise risks. This approach allowed for continuous patient cooperation and monitoring, minimizing the chance of sudden airway obstruction. Throughout the procedure, maintaining clear communication and patient cooperation was essential for the safe execution of the intubation. This case emphasizes the importance of thorough preoperative planning and individualized airway management strategies, particularly in patients with significant anatomical challenges. It highlights the need to adapt standard airway techniques to address complex physiological conditions and underscores the value of a methodical approach to ensure safe and successful outcomes in difficult airway cases.</p>","PeriodicalId":93960,"journal":{"name":"Cureus","volume":"17 3","pages":"e81174"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11936308/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143712597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Periodontology: A Review.","authors":"Maitri S Patel, Santosh Kumar, Bhavin Patel, Shirishkumar N Patel, Gaurav A Girdhar, Hiren H Patadiya, Tanvi Hirani, Mainul Haque","doi":"10.7759/cureus.81162","DOIUrl":"10.7759/cureus.81162","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Artificial intelligence (AI) is changing each of the healthcare fields, including periodontology, through the improvement of every diagnosis, treatment plan, and the handling of all patients. AI-driven technologies such as machine learning, deep learning, and computer vision are incorporated into radiographic analysis, automated disease detection, and prognosis prediction. These improvements effectively enable the early detection of periodontal diseases and efficient classification of disease severity. In addition, they allow for specially personalized treatment approaches. AI makes automated periodontal charting, virtual patient monitoring, and decision support systems easier, which improve clinical outcomes and patient care. Despite its immense potential, many substantial difficulties remain, such as data privacy, algorithm reliability, and the meaningful need for clinical validation. This review indicates the revolutionary function of AI in many current dental works and explores all present uses, advantages, limits, and possibilities in periodontology.</p>","PeriodicalId":93960,"journal":{"name":"Cureus","volume":"17 3","pages":"e81162"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11935294/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143712599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pregnancy Rate Is High When the Length of the Luteal Phase During the In Vitro Fertilization Hormone Replacement Cycle Is 144 Hours or More Before Embryo Transfer.","authors":"Eiji Nishio, Shota Oikawa, Eriko Sakakibara, Miho Ishikawa, Kiriko Kotani, Hikari Yoshizawa, Hironori Miyamura, Takanori Hayashi, Haruki Nishizawa","doi":"10.7759/cureus.81185","DOIUrl":"10.7759/cureus.81185","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>When using assisted reproductive technology, there are cases where, despite the transfer of a good embryo, sometimes pregnancy may not be the case. Thus, during hormone replacement cycle implantation, it is important to synchronize the number of days of progesterone administration with the degree of embryo maturity. This study aimed to compare the outcomes of the administration of oral dydrogesterone for the duration of progestin use during the hormone replacement cycle for frozen-thawed blastocyst transfer.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The primary outcome of this study was the clinical pregnancy rate. We performed a retrospective cohort study of patients who underwent frozen-thawed blastocyst transfers between January 2017 and December 2024. According to our standard protocol, a vitrified-warmed blastocyst transfer was performed using dydrogesterone, which was administered orally at our center. A total of 554 cases were included in the study. Using the Gardner classification to evaluate the quality of blastocysts, grade AA was classified as the best quality, the AB/BA group as good quality, and the BB group as fair quality. We classified the 554 cases into 317 AA, 163 AB/BA, and 74 BB cases using the Gardner classification. Based on the duration of progestin administration, patients were divided into four groups: 120 hours (120 h), 132 hours (132 h), 144 hours (144 h), and 156 hours (156 h). We used the Shapiro-Wilk method and the Steel-Dwass test to determine whether there were differences in patients' background age and BMI among the four groups (120 h, 132 h, 144 h, and 156 h). We used Fisher's exact test and the Bonferroni method to determine whether there were differences in the final outcome of pregnancy rate between the four groups of 120 h, 132 h, 144 h, and 156 h.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the analysis of all embryos, the pregnancy rate at each timepoint of the primary evaluation was significantly higher in the 144-h group than in the 132-h group. Next, on analyzing the results by embryo grade, there was no difference in the pregnancy rate at each timepoint in the AA group. In the AB/BA group, the pregnancy rate was higher in the 144-h group than in the 132-h group. In the BB group, the pregnancy rate was higher in the 144-h group than in the 132-h group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study clarified two aspects. First, the pregnancy rate in the 144-h group was significantly higher than that in the 132-h group in the analysis of all embryos. Second, the window of implantation may be more important for poor-quality embryos. This study showed that the oral administration of dydrogesterone requires a window of implantation of at least 144 hours.</p>","PeriodicalId":93960,"journal":{"name":"Cureus","volume":"17 3","pages":"e81185"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11936491/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143712612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Phantom Platelet Problem: Unmasking Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid (EDTA)-Induced Pseudo-Thrombocytopenia.","authors":"Enoch Chi Ngai Lim, Chi Eung Danforn Lim","doi":"10.7759/cureus.81211","DOIUrl":"10.7759/cureus.81211","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid-induced pseudo-thrombocytopenia (EDTA-PTCP) is an artefact caused by EDTA-dependent platelet clumping in laboratory testing. Unrecognized cases may lead to unnecessary investigations, diagnostic confusion, and inappropriate medical management. We present a case of EDTA-PTCP, a condition that is still commonly overlooked in clinical practice. A clinical suspicion should always be raised when a drop in platelet count in the blood is identified among otherwise asymptomatic patients. To confirm the diagnosis, serial platelet counts on alternative anticoagulants, i.e., citrate or heparin, and blood smear studies to check for platelet clumping have to be performed. EDTA-PTCP awareness is vital to prevent patients from unnecessary medical procedures and investigations. Early recognition of this diagnostic artefact and its treatment using the appropriate diagnostic methods will help clinicians avoid misinterpreting laboratory findings. This leads to precise management of affected patients and reduces unnecessary patient anxiety, mismanagement, and healthcare costs.</p>","PeriodicalId":93960,"journal":{"name":"Cureus","volume":"17 3","pages":"e81211"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11947505/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143733646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Physical Fitness Following a 12-Week Physical Exercise Program Among Adults Attending Wellness Centers at the Primary Health Care Corporation, Qatar: A Retrospective Study.","authors":"Anees A Alyafei, Aysha H Hussein, Hind Daoud Abdel Haleem AlDaoud, Stephanie E Escarmoso, Sara Tariq Al Abdulla","doi":"10.7759/cureus.81096","DOIUrl":"10.7759/cureus.81096","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Background Physical fitness (PF) is a critical determinant of health, influencing cardiorespiratory endurance, muscular strength, and overall metabolic function. In Qatar, sedentary lifestyles and physical inactivity are prevalent, contributing to increasing rates of obesity and non-communicable diseases. Structured physical exercise programs, integrated into community wellness centers, offer a practical intervention to improve PF, yet their real-world effectiveness remains under-evaluated in the local context. Methods This retrospective study analyzed data from 739 adults who completed a 12-week structured physical exercise program at seven wellness centers operated by Primary Health Care Corporation (PHCC), Qatar, between January 2022 and December 2023. The program consisted of three weekly supervised sessions combining aerobic and resistance exercises, with heart rate monitored to maintain moderate intensity (≥70% of maximum heart rate). Pre- and post-program assessments measured VO₂ max (using the Cooper 12-minute test), muscular endurance (push-ups, wall sit, plank), and anthropometric data of weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and fat mass. Paired t-tests assessed changes in the means before and after the physical exercise program, and correlation analysis explored relationships between fitness improvements and demographic or anthropometric factors. Results After 12 weeks, VO₂ max increased significantly (mean difference = 2.47 mL/kg/min; p < 0.001), alongside improvements in muscular endurance (push-ups: +4 reps; wall sit: +18 seconds; plank: +16.77 seconds; all p < 0.001). Significant reductions were observed in weight (-0.95 kg), BMI (-0.27 kg/m²), WC (men: -0.99 cm; women: -2.34 cm), and fat mass (-1.42 kg) (p < 0.001). Correlation analysis revealed a weak negative correlation between age and VO₂ max change (r = 0.061), indicating that younger participants tended to show more remarkable aerobic improvement. Higher BMI and fat mass also correlated negatively with VO₂ max gains (r = -0.094 and r = -0.083, respectively). At the same time, gender showed minimal correlation with fitness changes, suggesting that baseline body composition and age influence exercise response more than sex. Conclusion The structured 12-week exercise program significantly improved PF among adults in community wellness settings. These findings support integrating exercise prescriptions into primary care, to enhance population-level fitness and prevent chronic disease in Qatar.</p>","PeriodicalId":93960,"journal":{"name":"Cureus","volume":"17 3","pages":"e81096"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11932667/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143702536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}