Cureus最新文献

{"title":"Olecranon Fractures Managed Using FiberWire Sutures Without Metallic Implants: A Case Study and a Review of the Literature.","authors":"Abdulrahman Alaseem, Rheema Alfadhil, Hayfaa Alshaalan, Sarah AlQuwayz, Sarah Alaidarous, Banan Alqady, Alwateen Albalawi, Sarah Alflaij, Muhammad Asif","doi":"10.7759/cureus.77336","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.77336","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The traditional standard of care, tension band wire fixation modalities commonly used to treat non-comminuted olecranon fractures, are frequently associated with complications, with symptomatic hardware being the most common issue, often necessitating subsequent surgical procedures for hardware removal. We present a case of a young, active gentleman who sustained a simple olecranon fracture (Mayo type IIA) and underwent open reduction with the innovative all-suture non-metallic internal fixation procedure. We used a low-profile, cost-effective alternative fracture fixation technique, following the principles of pre-existing surgical techniques, while utilizing FiberWire sutures with biomechanical properties equivalent to, or possibly superior to, conventionally used metallic wires, thereby eliminating the need for additional surgical intervention. Furthermore, we reviewed the literature for similar reported cases and highlighted their results and outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":93960,"journal":{"name":"Cureus","volume":"17 1","pages":"e77336"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11725326/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142974065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Systematic Scoping Review of the Current Applications of Digital Technology in Undergraduate Surgical Education.","authors":"Fang Fang Quek, Stephen Meldrum, Jane Hislop","doi":"10.7759/cureus.77278","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.77278","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Over the past few decades, technological advancements have established digital tools as an indispensable pedagogical resource in the realm of modern education. In the field of medical education, there is growing interest in how these digital tools can be effectively integrated to enhance undergraduate surgical education. However, despite their well-documented potential benefits, research specifically investigating the current use of digital technology in undergraduate surgical education remains limited, highlighting a critical gap in the existing literature. To address this research gap, this scoping review aims to elucidate the current utilisation of digital technologies in undergraduate surgical education by addressing the research question: 'How are digital technologies currently being utilised in undergraduate surgical education to meet surgical learning outcomes'. A scoping review was performed, adopting the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) framework. A comprehensive search strategy was conducted using the search terms 'technology' OR 'simulation' OR 'virtual reality' OR 'augmented reality' OR 'digital' OR 'online' AND 'undergraduate' AND 'surgical' on multiple electronic bibliographic databases including PubMed, Medline, ERIC, Embase, Scopus and Web of Science. These search terms were executed using both free-text and MeSH terms, with search terms combined using Boolean operators to ensure all relevant citations were captured. All search results were screened against the eligibility criteria using Covidence, a web-based software platform, using a two-stage process. Subsequently, all included studies were reviewed, and the extracted data was systematically sorted and organised, with the findings presented graphically accompanied by descriptive narratives. A thematic analysis was also performed to identify themes within the data to synthesise key findings. This scoping review revealed three key findings. First, the use of digital tools in surgical education has been steadily increasing over the past few decades, with the COVID-19 pandemic accelerating the integration of technology into surgical education. Second, this review also highlighted the key role of anatomy within surgical education, with most included studies reporting the use of digital technologies to enhance anatomy teaching. Finally, this review provided an overview of various digital tools used in surgical education and their associated user experiences. Overall, most studies indicated that digital technologies are well-received by students, with many advocating for their continued use in supplementing surgical education even beyond the pandemic. This review provides a crucial foundation for understanding the evolving role of digital innovations in shaping undergraduate surgical education. To enhance undergraduate surgical education, integrating appropriate digital learning tools can provide more learner-centred and personalised learning experiences. Educators must recognise ","PeriodicalId":93960,"journal":{"name":"Cureus","volume":"17 1","pages":"e77278"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11725316/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142974061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating ChatGPT and Google Gemini Performance and Implications in Turkish Dental Education.","authors":"Ipek Kinikoglu","doi":"10.7759/cureus.77292","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.77292","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a transformative tool in education, particularly in specialized fields such as dentistry. This study evaluated the performance of four advanced AI models - ChatGPT-4o (San Francisco, CA: OpenAI), ChatGPT-o1, Gemini 1.5 Pro (Mountain View, CA: Google LLC), and Gemini 2.0 Advanced, in the Turkish Dental Specialty Examination (DUS) for 2020 and 2021. A total of 240 questions, comprising 120 questions per year from basic and clinical sciences, were analyzed. AI models were assessed based on their accuracy in providing correct answers compared to the official answer keys. For the 2020 DUS, ChatGPT-o1 and Gemini 2.0 Advanced achieved the highest accuracy rates of 93.70% and 96.80%, respectively, with net scores of 112.50 and 115 out of 120 questions. ChatGPT-4o and Gemini 1.5 Pro followed with accuracy rates of 83.33% and 85.40%. For the 2021 DUS, ChatGPT-o1 again demonstrated the highest accuracy at 97.88% (115.50 net score), closely followed by Gemini 2.0 Advanced at 96.82% (114.25 net score). Overall, ChatGPT-4o and Gemini 1.5 Pro scored lower for 2021, achieving accuracy rates of 88.35% and 93.64%, respectively. Combining results from both years (238 total questions), ChatGPT-o1 and Gemini 2.0 Advanced achieved accuracy rates of 97.46% (230 correct answers, 95% CI: 94.62%, 100.00%) and 97.90% (231 correct answers, 95% CI: 94.62%, 100.00%), respectively, significantly outperforming ChatGPT-4o (88.66%, 211 correct answers, 95% CI: 85.43%, 91.89%) and Gemini 1.5 Pro (91.60%, 218 correct answers, 95% CI: 87.75%, 95.45%). Statistical analysis revealed significant differences among the models (p = 0.0002). Pairwise comparisons demonstrated that ChatGPT-4o underperformed significantly compared to ChatGPT-o1 (p = 0.0016) and Gemini 2.0 Advanced (p = 0.0007) after Bonferroni correction. The consistently high accuracy rates and narrow confidence intervals for the top-performing models underscore their superior reliability and performance in answering the DUS questions. Generative AI modules such as ChatGPT-01 and Gemini 2.0 have the potential to enhance dental board exam preparation through question evaluation. While the AI modules appear to outperform humans on DUS questions, the study raises a concern about the ethical uses of AI and the true justification and value of DUS examinations as dental competency examinations. A higher level of knowledge evaluation should be considered. This research contributes to the growing body of literature on AI applications in specialized knowledge domains and provides a foundation for further exploration of its integration into dental education.</p>","PeriodicalId":93960,"journal":{"name":"Cureus","volume":"17 1","pages":"e77292"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11724709/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142974064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retraction: A Case Report of Grisel's Syndrome Complicating the Postoperative Course of Craniotomy for a Massive Cystic Brain Lesion.","authors":"Takara R Newsome-Cuby, Kwadwo Darko, Peace Odiase, Sean O'Leary, Charles Marchese, Michael J Valentine, Benjamin Pautler, Usama AlDallal, Mohamed Ismail, Fakhar Hayat","doi":"10.7759/cureus.r157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.r157","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This retracts the article DOI: 10.7759/cureus.73776.].</p>","PeriodicalId":93960,"journal":{"name":"Cureus","volume":"17 1","pages":"r157"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11723566/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142974067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Takeout Restaurant Foods Blood Glucose Monitoring Method: A New Educational Approach to Nutritional Guidance for Dining Out.","authors":"Kyoko Tajima, Miyu Chinen, Atsushi Iha, Yuzuru Ohshiro","doi":"10.7759/cureus.77252","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.77252","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This report introduces a novel approach to providing nutritional guidance for people dining out, utilizing takeout meals as a practical tool. The method comprises several essential steps: 1) Preparing takeout versions of restaurant dishes and bringing them to the hospital, 2) performing comprehensive nutritional evaluations of these meals and adjusting them as necessary to meet specific dietary needs, and 3) assessing the impact of these modified meals on post-meal blood glucose levels. This assessment is achieved through continuous blood glucose monitoring at crucial time points: before the meal, 60 minutes after beginning the meal, and 120 minutes after eating. Traditional methods of nutritional guidance for dining out, often based on showing textual photos or gathering information on the dining out habits of patients, face challenges in consistency and reliability due to variations in meal composition and nutritional values. This approach focuses on direct interaction with actual meals and real-time blood glucose monitoring, offering a more specific and effective way to provide nutritional advice. Not only is it suitable for hospital settings, but its simplicity and practicality also make it adaptable to a variety of medical facilities. This approach aids in blood glucose control for patients and also provides valuable feedback to educators, thus contributing to the enhancement of their skills.</p>","PeriodicalId":93960,"journal":{"name":"Cureus","volume":"17 1","pages":"e77252"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11723826/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142974069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ubiquitin-Associated Protein 1 (UBAP1) Gene Mutation in a 36-Year-Old Filipino Male With Spastic Paraplegia: A Case Report.","authors":"Kruzette Khloe L Solijon, Joshua Emmanuel E Abejero","doi":"10.7759/cureus.77256","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.77256","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP) is a rare neurodegenerative disease caused by retrograde degeneration of the corticospinal tract and posterior columns, which presents with progressive bilateral leg weakness and spasticity. HSP is inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern involving over 80 causative genes. The recently identified causative gene is the ubiquitin-associated protein 1 (<i>UBAP1</i>)gene, which is associated with juvenile-onset pure spastic paraplegia-80 (SPG80). Here, we present a 36-year-old Filipino male with pure-form HSP caused by a nonsense mutation (NM 001171201.1:c.704 >G) in the <i>UBAP1</i> gene. To our knowledge, this mutation represents a new variant associated with the <i>UBAP1</i>-related HSP. This case report highlights the importance of awareness among individuals and their families affected by HSP and discusses the risks for future generations and available treatment options.</p>","PeriodicalId":93960,"journal":{"name":"Cureus","volume":"17 1","pages":"e77256"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11723969/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142974070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dental Caries and Smoking Behaviors Among High School Students in Madinah, Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Faisal F Hakeem, Ahmed A Marghalani, Ayah M Rashwan, Alanoud N Almohammdi, Raghad M Aljohani, Farah W Mohabat, Lubna M Helly, Hind A Almubarak, Zaina E Kalthoum","doi":"10.7759/cureus.77249","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.77249","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Adolescence is critical for developing lifelong health habits, including oral hygiene. While the effects of smoking on oral health are well-documented in adults, research focusing on adolescents remains limited.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This paper aims to investigate the prevalence of smoking and its relationship with oral health outcomes, socioeconomic variables, and oral hygiene practices among high school students in Madinah.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted with a sample size of 2,514 high school students (<i>n</i> = 1,249, 49.7% males; <i>n</i> = 1,265, 50.3% females) from 24 schools in Madinah, Saudi Arabia. Participants completed a self-administered questionnaire that collected data on sociodemographic factors, smoking habits, and oral health behaviors. Clinical dental examinations were conducted to assess caries prevalence using the Decayed, Missing, Filled Teeth (DMFT) index. Bivariate analysis and logistic regression were used to examine the associations between smoking status and the study variables.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of smoking among participants was 8.6% (<i>n</i> = 216), with a higher proportion of males (<i>n</i> = 132 out of 1,249, 10.6%) than females (<i>n</i> = 84 out of 1,265, 6.6%) reporting tobacco use (<i>P</i> < 0.001). Smokers were more likely to attend public schools compared to nonsmokers (<i>n</i> = 190 out of 216, 88.0%, vs. <i>n</i> = 1,899 out of 2,298, 82.6%; <i>P</i> = 0.04) and had mothers with intermediate education levels (<i>n</i> = 108 out of 216, 50.0%, vs. <i>n</i> = 892 out of 2,298, 38.8%; <i>P</i> = 0.005). No significant differences were observed for the father's education or age. Regarding oral health outcomes, smokers reported significantly poorer self-rated oral health (<i>n</i> = 43, 19.9%, vs. <i>n</i> = 328, 14.3%; <i>P</i> = 0.026), but no significant association was found between smoking status and DMFT scores (<i>P</i> = 0.66). Smokers also reported less frequent toothbrushing (<i>n</i> = 132, 61.1%, brushing regularly vs. <i>n</i> = 1,686, 73.4%, for nonsmokers; <i>P</i> = 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Smoking prevalence among high school students in Madinah was 8.6%, with higher rates observed among males and students attending public schools. Smoking was associated with poorer self-rated oral health and less frequent brushing habits. These findings highlight the need for targeted oral health education and smoking prevention programs in schools to address modifiable risk factors and promote healthier behaviors.</p>","PeriodicalId":93960,"journal":{"name":"Cureus","volume":"17 1","pages":"e77249"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11724482/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142974063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retraction: Lipoprotein Ratios: Correlation With Thyroid Profile and Glycated Hemoglobin (HbA1c) Among Diabetes Mellitus Patients.","authors":"Ayan Banerjee, Jagriti Lnu, Prabhat Lnu, Akash Bansal","doi":"10.7759/cureus.r158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.r158","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This retracts the article DOI: 10.7759/cureus.54191.].</p>","PeriodicalId":93960,"journal":{"name":"Cureus","volume":"17 1","pages":"r158"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11725052/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142974068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Uncommon Presentation of Guillain-Barré Syndrome With Lhermitte Sign.","authors":"Madalena Santos, Sofia Martins, Duarte Graça, Miguel Carrilho, Alba Acabado","doi":"10.7759/cureus.77194","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.77194","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is a complex and potentially life-threatening disease, representing the most common cause of acute neuromuscular paralysis worldwide. Its diagnosis is primarily based on clinical findings, often complemented by electrophysiological studies and laboratory investigations. Therefore, knowledge of the clinical signs and symptoms is essential to make a prompt diagnosis and allow timely initiation of therapeutic interventions. Despite significant advancements in our understanding of this disease, many aspects of its nature are yet to be fully understood. We present a compelling case that initially manifested with the Lhermitte sign, followed by the development of paresthesias and diminished muscle strength originating in the upper extremities and progressing in a cephalocaudal pattern. These initial findings suggest a pathology involving the cervical spinal cord or nerve roots. However, the patient's evolving neurological deficits and subsequent diagnostic studies revealed an unexpected etiology: GBS. This case highlights the importance of maintaining a broad differential diagnosis, even when confronted with seemingly characteristic clinical presentations. It also reveals the complexity of GBS, a disease that can present with potential atypical manifestations that can mimic other neurological disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":93960,"journal":{"name":"Cureus","volume":"17 1","pages":"e77194"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11723715/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142974062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retraction: Application of Metabolomics and Machine Learning for the Prediction of Postmortem Interval.","authors":"Razan Aljeaid","doi":"10.7759/cureus.r156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.r156","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This retracts the article DOI: 10.7759/cureus.74161.].</p>","PeriodicalId":93960,"journal":{"name":"Cureus","volume":"17 1","pages":"r156"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11717357/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142960629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}